Reforms For Global Drug Laws $20.00 (USD)

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Reforms for Global Drug Laws

©2019 Dr Romesh Senewiratne-Alagaratnam Arya Chakravart
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romeshsenewiratne@gmail.com
Global Drug Laws have long been in need of urgent reform. They
have been corrupt and harmful since their outset and the formaton
of the World Health Organization (WHO) and the United Natons
Organizaton (UN).
I’ll begin with the herb ‘kratom’, the current opiate crisis and a chat I
had with a new friend on Facebook who was addicted to opiates (for
nerve pain) but successfully stopped using opiates by taking powder
of the Mitragyna speciosa plant, indigenous to South-East Asia.
Mitragyna speciosa
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Mitragyna speciosa
Dried, shredded kratom
Product Kratom
name
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Source Mitragyna speciosa

plant(s)
Part(s) of Leaves Page | 2

plant
Geographic Southeast Asia[1]

origin
Mitragynine[2]
Active
7-hydroxymitragynine[2]
ingredients
Other alkaloids[2]
Raubasine[2]
More than 40 other compounds[3]
Main Indonesia[1]
producers Thailand[4]
Main Worldwide (No. 1: Thailand)[1][4]
consumers
Retail price €6-15 per 10g (EU (as of 2011))[1]
Legal status AU: S9[5]
CA: Not authorized for sale or use[6]
US: Drug of concern,[4] sale is illegal[7]
EU: Illegal in Denmark, Republic of

Ireland, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Romania and Swede
n[1]
Illegal in Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand,

and New Zealand[1][4]
Mitragyna speciosa (commonly known as kratom[8]) is a tropical evergreen tree in
the coffee family native to Southeast Asia. M. speciosa is indigenous
to Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, and Papua New Guinea,[9] where it has

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been used in traditional medicines since at least the nineteenth century. [4] Kratom
has opioid properties and some stimulant-like effects.[10][11][12]
As of 2018, kratom's usefulness and safety as a therapeutic agent is unclear, since
research into its use has been of poor quality. [2][13] In February 2018, the United
States' Food and Drug Administration (FDA) stated that there is no evidence that Page | 3
kratom is safe or effective for treating any condition. [11] Some people take it for
managing chronic pain, for treating opioid withdrawal symptoms, or – more recently
– for recreational purposes.[2][9] The onset of effects typically begins within five to ten
minutes and lasts for two to five hours.[9]
Common minor side effects include nausea, vomiting, and constipation. [9] More
severe side effects may include respiratory depression (decreased
breathing), seizure, addiction, and psychosis.[9][11][14][15] Other side effects may include
high heart rate and blood pressure, trouble sleeping, and, rarely, liver toxicity.[9][16]
[17]
When use is stopped, withdrawal symptoms may occur.[2][12] Deaths have occurred
with kratom both by itself and mixed with other substances. [11][18] Over 18 months in
2016 and 2017, 152 overdose deaths involving kratom were reported in the United
States, with kratom as the primary overdose agent in 91 of the deaths, and 7 with
kratom being the only agent detected. [19][20] Nine kratom-related deaths occurred in
Sweden in 2011 and 2012, all involving a mixture of kratom with other opioids.
[18]
Serious toxicity is relatively rare and generally appears at high doses or when
kratom is used with other substances.[2][9] In the United States kratom use has
increased rapidly between 2011 to 2017.[21]
As of 2018, there is growing international concern about a possible threat to public
health from kratom use.[1][2][11] In some jurisdictions, its sale and importation have
been restricted, and several public health authorities have raised alerts. [1][2][22] Kratom
is a controlled substance in 16 countries[11] and, in 2014, the FDA banned importing
and manufacturing of kratom as a dietary supplement.[23] In the United States, there
is consideration to make it a Schedule I drug.[24] Sometimes, the finished product is
mixed with other psychoactive drugs, such as caffeine and codeine.[12][25] In 2019, the
FDA warned consumers that kratom remains unapproved for interstate commerce,
may be unsafe in commercially available products, and is on an import alert which
would lead to confiscation of imported supplies.[26]
Contents
 1Description
 2Uses
o 2.1Traditional use
o 2.2Opioid withdrawal

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o 2.3Recreational use
 3Adverse effects
o 3.1Respiratory depression
Page | 4
o 3.2Liver toxicity
o 3.3Deaths
 4Chemistry
o 4.1Detection in body fluids
 5Pharmacology
 6Regulation
o 6.1ASEAN
o 6.2Australia and New Zealand
o 6.3Canada
o 6.4Europe
o 6.5Malaysia
o 6.6Thailand
o 6.7United States
 7See also
 8References
 9External links
Descripton
Mitragyna speciosa

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Page | 5
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Gentianales
Family: Rubiaceae
Genus: Mitragyna
Species: M. speciosa
Binomial name
Mitragyna speciosa
(Korth.) Havil.
Synonyms[27]
 Nauclea korthalsii Steud.

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nom. inval.
 Nauclea luzoniensis Blanco
 Nauclea speciosa (Korth.) Page | 6

Miq.
 Stephegyne speciosa Korth.

Mitragyna speciosa is an evergreen tree that can grow to a height of 25 m (82 ft). Its
trunk may grow to a 0.9 m (3 ft) diameter.[28] The trunk is generally straight, and the
outer bark is smooth and grey.[28] The leaves are dark green and glossy[2] and can
grow to over 14–20 cm (5.5–7.9 in) long and 7–12 cm (2.8–4.7 in) wide when fully
open, are ovate-acuminate in shape, and opposite in growth pattern, with 12–17
pairs of veins.[28] The flowers grow in clusters of three at the ends of the branches.
The calyx-tube is 2 mm (0.08 in) long and has five lobes; the corolla-tube is 2.5–3
millimetres (0.098–0.12 in) long.[28]
M. speciosa is indigenous to Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, and Papua
New Guinea.[9]
Mitragyna speciosa was first formally described by the Dutch colonial botanist Pieter
Korthals in 1839, who named it as such; it was renamed and reclassified several
times before George Darby Haviland provided the final name and classification in
1859.[28]:59
Uses
Young M. speciosa tree

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Page | 7
Kratom leaves
The United States Drug Enforcement Administration stated in 2013: "There is no
legitimate medical use for kratom".[14] Kratom has become popular as a recreational
drug and has been promoted with claims that it can improve moods, relieve pain and
help with opiate addiction.[22] As of 2013, kratom and key extracts have been studied
in cells and in animals, but no clinical trials have been conducted in the United
States.[4] In Thailand, a 2007 survey found that the lifetime, past year, and past 30
days kratom usage prevalences were 2.32%, 0.81% and 0.57%, respectively, among
respondents aged 12–65 years.[1] This made kratom the most widely used drug in
Thailand.[1]
Traditional use
In cultures where the plant grows, kratom has been used in traditional medicine. The
leaves are chewed to relieve musculoskeletal pain and increase energy, appetite,
and sexual desire in ways similar to khat and coca.[2] The leaves or extracts from
them are used to heal wounds and as a local anesthetic. Extracts and leaves have
been used to treat coughs, diarrhea, and intestinal infections. [4][9][28] They are also
used as intestinal deworming agents in Thailand.[1] Kratom is often used by workers
in laborious or monotonous professions to stave off exhaustion as well as a mood
enhancer and painkiller.[28] In Thailand, kratom was "used as a snack to receive
guests and was part of the ritual worship of ancestors and gods". [29] The herb is very
bitter and is generally combined with a sweetener. [3]
Opioid withdrawal
In 1836, kratom was reported to have been used as an opium substitute in Malaysia.
Kratom was also used as an opium substitute in Thailand in the nineteenth century.
[4]
As of 2016, Kratom is not approved for this or any other medical use. [1]
Data on how often it is used worldwide are lacking, as it is not detected by typical
drug-screening tests.[3] Rates of kratom use appear to be increasing among those
who have been self-managing chronic pain with opioids purchased without a
prescription and are cycling (but not quitting) their use. [3] As of 2018, there have been
no formal trials to study the efficacy or safety of kratom to treat opioid addiction. [11]

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Recreational use
Starting in the 2010s, a tea-based cocktail known as "4×100" became popular
among some young people across Southeast Asia and especially in Thailand. It is a
mix of kratom leaves, cough syrup, Coca-Cola (originally used with Coca leaf
extracts), and ice. Around 2011, people who consumed the cocktail were often Page | 8
viewed more negatively than users of traditional kratom, but not as negatively as
users of heroin.[30] As of 2012, use of the cocktail was a severe problem among youth
in three provinces along the border of Malaysia and Southern Thailand. [31]
In the US, as of 2015, kratom was available in head shops and over the Internet; the
prevalence of its use was unknown at the time. [2]
Adverse effects
At relatively low doses (1–5 g of raw leaves), at which there are mostly stimulant
effects, side effects include contracted pupils and blushing; adverse effects related to
stimulation include anxiety and agitation, and opioid-related effects like itching,
nausea, loss of appetite, and increased urination begin to appear. [2][9]
At moderate (5 to 15 g of raw leaves) doses and higher, at which opioid effects
generally appear, additional adverse effects include tachycardia (an increased
stimulant effect) as well as the opioid side effects of constipation, dizziness,
hypotension, dry mouth, and sweating.[2][15]
Frequent use of high doses of kratom may cause tremors, anorexia, weight
loss, seizures, and psychosis.[2] If frequent users stop using kratom, they may
experience withdrawal symptoms including irritability, feelings of distress, nausea,
hypertension, insomnia, a runny nose, muscle and joint pain, and diarrhea. [2][12]
Serious toxicity is relatively rare and generally appears at high doses or when kratom
is used with other substances.[2][9]
In July 2016, the Centers for Disease Control issued a report stating that between
2010 and 2015, US poison control centers received 660 reports of exposure to
kratom. Medical outcomes associated with kratom exposure were reported as minor
(minimal signs or symptoms, which resolved rapidly with no residual disability) for
162 (24.5%) exposures, moderate (non-life-threatening, with no residual disability,
but requiring some form of treatment) for 275 (41.7%) exposures, and major (life-
threatening signs or symptoms, with some residual disability) for 49 (7.4%)
exposures.[17] One death was reported in a person who was exposed to the
medications paroxetine (an antidepressant)
and lamotrigine (an anticonvulsant and mood stabilizer) in addition to kratom. For
173 (26.2%) exposure calls, no effects were reported, or poison center staff
members were unable to follow-up regarding effects. [17]
A 2019 report from the American Association of Poison Control
Centers (AAPCC) stated that kratom use was increasing rapidly, with 1807 kratom
exposures and a 52-fold increase occurring over the years 2011 to 2017. [21] Most
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exposures occurred intentionally by adult males in their homes, with 32% of the
incidents requiring admission to a health care facility and half of the admissions as a
serious medical condition.[21] Multiple-substance exposures were associated with a
higher number of hospitalizations than single-substance exposures, and involved 11
deaths, including two due to kratom alone. [21] Postmortem toxicology testing detected
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multiple substances for almost all those who died, with fentanyl and fentanyl
[32]
analogs being the most frequently identified co-occurring substances.
Overdoses of kratom are managed similarly to opioid overdoses, and naloxone can
be considered to treat an overdose that results in a reduced impulse to breathe,
despite mixed results for its utility, based on animal models. [9]
From October 2017 to February 2018 in the United States, 28 people in 20 different
states were infected with salmonella, an outbreak occurring from the consumption of
contaminated pills, powder, tea or unidentified sources of kratom. [33] An analytical
method using whole genome sequencing applied to samples from the infected
people indicated that the salmonella outbreak likely had a common kratom source. [33]
Respiratory depression
Respiratory depression is a major risk with opioids, especially those that have
activity at the mu-opioid receptor. This is the leading cause of death from opioid use.
[34]:196
In animal studies using very high doses, mitragynine caused respiratory
depression, but less than morphine or codeine at similar dose ranges. [34]:196[3] The
respiratory effects of kratom and its main bioactive components have not been
studied in people.[4][34]:196
A 2016 CDC report on kratom exposures did not list respiratory depression as a risk
of kratom,[17] nor did a 2013 DEA report.[14] In 2016, the Food and Drug
Administration listed respiratory depression as one of the concerns.
[23]
Some literature review articles do not list respiratory depression; [4][2] however other
literature reviews and some medical textbooks do name respiratory depression as a
risk.[9][35][15][36]:15
Liver toxicity
In rare cases, chronic use of kratom has been linked to acute liver injury with
associated symptoms of fatigue, nausea, itching and jaundice.[16][37] Liver injury is
associated with cholestasis and may involve acute renal failure.[16] As of 2016, the
mechanism by which kratom causes liver damage in some people was poorly
understood.[37]
Deaths
Kratom overdose is a subject of concern in many countries because of the rising
number of hospitalizations and deaths from chronic kratom abuse. [2][10][16] According
to clinical reviews, a kratom overdose can cause liver toxicity, seizures, coma, and
death,[16] especially when in combination with alcohol abuse. [10] Between 2011 and
2017, forty-four deaths were kratom-related.[11] However many cases could not be
fully assessed because of limited information.[11]
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In an analysis of overdose deaths occurring in 27 US states from 2016 to 2017,

the CDC found that 152 deaths involved kratom abuse with other agents, while 91 of
this total resulted primarily from kratom overdose.[19] Nine deaths occurred in Sweden
during 2010-11 relating to use of Krypton, a mixture of kratom, caffeine and O-
desmethyltramadol, a prescription opioid analgesic.[18][35]
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Chemistry
The key psychoactive compounds in M. speciosa are mitragynine and 7-
hydroxymitragynine (7-HMG),[2] but there are more than 40 compounds in M.
speciosa leaves,[3] including about 25 alkaloids other than mitragynine and 7-
hydroxymitragynine including ajmalicine, mitraphylline, mitragynine pseudoindoxyl,
and rhynchophylline.[38][39] Other active chemicals in M.
speciosa include raubasine (best known from Rauvolfia serpentina)
and Pausinystalia johimbe alkaloids such as corynantheidine.[40]
Mitragynine is about 60% of alkaloid extractions, while 7-hydroxymitragynine is about
2%.[2] Mitragynine is structurally similar to yohimbine and voacangine.[2]
Detection in body fluids
The plant's active compounds and metabolites are not detected by a typical drug
screening test, but can be detected by more specialized testing. [35][41] Blood
mitragynine concentrations are expected to be in a range of 10–50 μg/L in persons
using the drug recreationally. Detection in body fluids is typically by liquid
chromatography-mass spectrometry.[35][42]
Pharmacology
Mitragyna speciosa alkaloids at opioid receptors
Affinities (Ki) Ratio

Compound Ref
MOR DOR KOR MOR:DOR:KOR
[43]
7-Hydroxymitragynine 13.5 155 123 1:11:9
[43]
Mitragynine 7.24 60.3 1,100 1:8:152
[43]
Mitragynine pseudoindoxyl 0.087 3.02 79.4 1:35:913
As of 2017, much of the pharmacology of kratom was not well understood, having
stimulant effects at low doses, an opioid-like effect at higher doses, as well
as sedative and sensory-suppressive effects.[2][10][13]
Both mitragynine and 7-HMG have partial agonist activity at nanomolar
concentrations at the human μ-opioid receptors; 7-HMG appears to have
higher affinity.[44][45] Other alkaloids have antagonist activity at micromolar
concentrations, so effects of whole kratom may result from the interplay of these
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different alkaloids.[44] Different assays on the human receptor yielded different results,
and activities at mouse and guinea pig μ-opioid receptors appear to be different as
well, and it is unknown which alkaloids are able to cross the blood brain barrier in
humans, making in vitro and animal studies problematic to translate to humans.
[44]
The binding of kratom alkaloids at human and model animal δ- and κ-opioid
Page | 11
receptor subtypes was very unclear as of 2017.[44]
Mitragynine also stimulates α2-adrenergic receptors; other compounds in this class
include dexmedetomidine which is used for sedation, and clonidine which is used to
manage anxiety and some symptoms of opioid withdrawal; this activity might explain
why kratom can be dangerous when used in combination with other sedatives. [45]
Mitragynine is metabolized in humans via phase I and phase II mechanisms with the
resulting metabolites excreted in urine.[2] In in vitro experiments, kratom
extracts inhibited CYP3A4, CYP2D6, and CYP1A2 enzymes, which results in
significant potential for drug interactions.[2]
Regulation
As of January 2018, neither the plant nor its alkaloids were listed in any of the
Schedules of the United Nations Drug Conventions. [1]
ASEAN
As of 2013, kratom was listed by ASEAN in its annex of products that cannot be
included in traditional medicines and health supplements that are traded across
ASEAN nations.[46]
Australia and New Zealand
As of January 2015, kratom was controlled as a narcotic in Australia and under
Medicines Regulations 1985 (Amended August 6, 2015) [47] in New Zealand.[1]
Canada
As of October 2016, it was not legal to market kratom for any use in which it was
ingested, but could be marketed for other uses, such as incense. [48] Health
Canada has taken action against companies marketing it for ingestion. [49][50]
Europe
As of 2011, the plant was controlled in Denmark, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Romania
and Sweden.[1] In the UK, since 2016, the sale, import, and export of kratom are
prohibited under the Psychoactive Substances Act.[51]
In 2017, kratom was designated a Schedule 1 illegal drug (the highest level) in
the Republic of Ireland, under the names 7-hydroxymitragynine and mitragynine.[52]
Malaysia
The use of kratom leaves, known locally as ketum, is prohibited in Malaysia under
Section 30 (3) Poisons Act 1952.[53] Although prohibited by statute, the use of kratom
remains widely spread because the tree grows natively and tea decoctions are
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readily available in local communities.[54] Certain parties have urged the government
to penalize the use of kratom under the Dangerous Drugs Act instead of the Poisons
Act, which would carry heavier penalties.[55]
Thailand
Possession of kratom leaves was illegal in Thailand until 2018. The Thai government Page | 12
had passed the Kratom Act 2486, effective August 3, 1943, which made planting the
tree illegal,[14] in response to a rise in its use when opium became very expensive in
Thailand and the Thai government was attempting to gain control of the opium
market.[2] In 1979, the Thai government placed kratom, along with marijuana, in
Category V of a five category classification of narcotics. [14] Kratom accounted for less
than 2% of arrests for narcotics between 1987 and 1992. [56]
The government considered legalizing kratom in 2004, 2009, and 2013.
[57]
In 2018, Thailand became the first Southeast Asian country to legalize
kratom for medical purposes.[58]
United States
In April 2019, the FDA issued a statement declaring that kratom was not approved
for any medical use, was potentially unsafe in commercial products available in the
United States, and remained on an import alert where imported supplies would be
confiscated.[26]
On April 4, 2018, the FDA issued the first mandatory recall in its history over
concerns of salmonella contamination of several kratom-containing products.
[59]
Samples of the products, manufactured by Triangle Pharmanaturals, and
marketed under the brand name 'Raw Form Organics', tested positive for
contamination and the manufacturer did not comply with federal requests for
voluntary recall.[60] FDA Commissioner Gottlieb stated that the recall was, "...based
on the imminent health risk posed by the contamination of this product with
salmonella" and not related to other regulatory concerns. [59] Consumers were
advised to immediately discard any such products to prevent serious health risks. [60]
In February 2018, the commissioner of the FDA, Scott Gottlieb, released a statement
describing further opioid-like properties of kratom and stating that it should not be
used for any medical treatment or recreational use. [11] Also in 2018, the FDA
supervised the voluntary destruction of kratom dietary supplements by a nationwide
distributor in Missouri, and encouraged all companies involved in kratom commerce
to remove their products from the market. [61] On February 26, the FDA warned a
California manufacturer of a kratom product called "Mitrasafe" that the supplement
was not confirmed as safe, was not approved as a dietary supplement or drug, and
was illegal for interstate commerce.[7]
In November 2017, the FDA cited serious concerns over the marketing and effects
(including death) associated with the use of kratom in the United States, stating that
"There is no reliable evidence to support the use of kratom as a treatment for opioid
use disorder; there are currently no FDA-approved therapeutic uses of kratom... and
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the FDA has evidence to show that there are significant safety issues associated
with its use."[62]
On August 30, 2016, the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) announced its
intention to place the active materials in the kratom plant into Schedule I of
the Controlled Substances Act as a warning about an imminent hazard to public Page | 13
safety, citing over 600 calls to poison control centers between 2010 and 2015 and 15
kratom-related deaths between 2014 and 2016. [22] This drew strong protests among
those using kratom to deal with chronic pain or wean themselves off opioids or
alcohol.[63] A group of 51 members of the U.S. House of Representatives and a group
of nine Senators each sent letters to acting DEA administrator Chuck
Rosenberg protesting the listing and around 140,000 people signed an online White
House Petition protesting it.[64][65] The DEA noted the responses but said that it
intended to go forward with the listing; a spokesman said: "We can't rely upon public
opinion and anecdotal evidence. We have to rely upon science." [66] In October 2016,
the DEA withdrew its notice of intent while inviting public comments over a review
period ending on December 1, 2016. [67][68] As of July 2016, Alabama, Arkansas,
Indiana, Vermont, and Wisconsin had made kratom illegal, [69] and the US Army had
forbidden soldiers from using it.[70] Between February 2014 and July 2016, U.S. law-
enforcement authorities "encountered 55 tons of kratom," or roughly "50 million
individual doses," according to the International Narcotics Control Board.[71]
From 2010–2015, kratom-related reports of poisoning in the United States increased
10-fold.[17] Because kratom was being marketed as a dietary supplement in 2014 –
but had never been commonly used in the United States or confirmed to be safe –
the FDA coordinated with other U.S. agencies to seize imported shipments. [23][72]
See also
 Medicine portal
 Pausinystalia johimbe
References
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Farkas, J; Di Giannantonio, M; Corazza, O
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korth)" (PDF). U.S. Drug Enforcement

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Administration. January 2013. Archived from the

original (PDF) on 11 June 2016.
15. ^ Jump up to:a b c Marx, John; Walls, Ron;
Hockberger, Robert (2014). "Chapter 156:
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Schier JG, Wilson N (12 April 2019). "Notes from the
Field: Unintentional Drug Overdose Deaths with
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2017". Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report Rep,
US Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention. 68 (14): 326–
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21. ^ Jump up to:a b c d Post, Sara; Spiller, Henry A.;
Chounthirath, Thitphalak; Smith, Gary A. (20
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United States poison control centers: 2011–
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8. doi:10.1080/15563650.2019.1569236. ISSN 1556

-3650. PMID 30786220.
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Schedule Kratom: SE Asian drug is imminent hazard
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Decriminalisation and Community Control?" (PDF).
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villages reported the presence of 4x100 users in
their community. Compared to traditional use, 4x100
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Babu KM (2012). "Here today, gone tomorrow…and
back again? A review of herbal marijuana
alternatives (K2, Spice), synthetic cathinones (bath
salts), kratom, Salvia divinorum, methoxetamine,
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0202-2. PMC 3550220. PMID 22271566.
36. ^ Nelson, Michael E.; Bryant, Sean M.; Aks, Steven
E. (2014). "Emerging Drugs of Abuse". In Smith,
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of North America, Volume 32, Issue 1 of The Clinics:
Internal Medicine. Elsevier Health Sciences. pp. 1–
28. ISBN 9780323266550.
37. ^ Jump up to:a b Pantano, F; Tittarelli, R; Mannocchi, Page | 19
G; Zaami, S; Ricci, S; Giorgetti, R; Terranova, D;
Busardò, FP; Marinelli, E (16 April
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38. ^ Suhaimi FW, Yusoff NH, Hassan R, Mansor SM,
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39. ^ Prozialeck, WC; Jivan, JK; Andurkar, SV (2012).
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agent with stimulant, analgesic, and opioid-like
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40. ^ Takayama, Hiromitsu; et al. (2002). "Studies on
the Synthesis and Opioid Agonistic Activities of
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mitragynine and metabolites in human urine for
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616–25. doi:10.1093/jat/bks073. PMID 23024321.
42. ^ Baselt RC (2014). Disposition of toxic drugs and
chemicals in man. Seal Beach, Calif.: Biomedical
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43. ^ Jump up to:a b c Takayama H, Ishikawa H, Kurihara

M, Kitajima M, Aimi N, Ponglux D, Koyama F,
Matsumoto K, Moriyama T, Yamamoto LT, Watanabe
K, Murayama T, Horie S (2002). "Studies on the
synthesis and opioid agonistic activities of
Page | 20
mitragynine-related indole alkaloids: discovery of
opioid agonists structurally different from other
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56. doi:10.1021/jm010576e. PMID 11960505.
44. ^ Jump up to:a b c d Kruegel AC, Grundmann O
(2017). "The medicinal chemistry and
neuropharmacology of kratom: A preliminary
discussion of a promising medicinal plant and
analysis of its potential for
abuse". Neuropharmacology. 134 (A): 108–
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8830758.
45. ^ Jump up to:a b White, CM (1 March 2018).
"Pharmacologic and clinical assessment of
kratom". American Journal of Health-System
Pharmacy. 75 (5): 261–
267. doi:10.2146/ajhp161035. PMID 29255059.
46. ^ "Annex I: ASEAN Guiding Principles For Inclusion
into or Exclusion from the Negative List of
Substances for Traditional Medicines and Health
Supplements" (PDF). Association of South East
Asian Nations (ASEAN). June 28, 2014.
Retrieved September 12, 2016.
47. ^ "Medicines Regulations 1984". New Zealand
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delayed decision on kratom, a look at Canada's laws
on the psychadelic plant". Yahoo News Canada.
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Archived from the original on 14 February 2017.
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controversial herbal product, seized from 2
Edmonton stores: Health Canada". Global News.

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51. ^ "Psychoactive Substances Act 2016". The

National Archives, HM Government Publishing. 9
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2017" (PDF). STATUTORY INSTRUMENTS, S.I. No. Page | 21
174 of 2017. Stationery Office, Dublin. 2017.
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under Dangerous Drugs Act. The Malaysian Insider.
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^ "Thailand legislature legalises medical cannabis and kratom". Aljazeera English. 26 December 2018.
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58. ^ Jump up to:a b Chappell, Bill (4 April 2018). "FDA

Orders An Unprecedented Recall After Kratom
Company Ignored Its Requests". NPR. Retrieved 5
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mandatory recall for kratom products due to risk of
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60. ^ "FDA oversees destruction and recall of kratom
products; and reiterates its concerns on risks
associated with this opioid". U.S. Food and Drug
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Administration. 21 February 2018. Retrieved 7

March 2018. The FDA recommends that consumers
not use these or any kratom products and dispose of
any products currently in their possession. While the
FDA is not aware of recent reports of illness
Page | 22
specifically associated with the use of Divinity
Products Distribution’s kratom-containing products,
the agency asks health care professionals and
consumers to report adverse events or quality
problems associated with the use of Divinity
Products Distribution’s products or any kratom
product to the agency’s online Safety Reporting
Portal
61. ^ "Statement from FDA Commissioner Scott
Gottlieb, M.D. on FDA advisory about deadly risks
associated with kratom". U.S. Food and Drug
Administration. 14 November 2017. Retrieved 14
November 2017. Patients addicted to opioids are
using kratom without dependable instructions for
use and more importantly, without consultation with
a licensed health care provider about the product’s
dangers, potential side effects or interactions with
other drugs. There’s clear data on the increasing
harms associated with kratom. Calls to U.S. poison
control centers regarding kratom have increased 10-
fold from 2010 to 2015, with hundreds of calls made
each year. The FDA is aware of reports of 36 deaths
associated with the use of kratom-containing
products. There have been reports of kratom being
laced with other opioids like hydrocodone. The use
of kratom is also associated with serious side effects
like seizures, liver damage and withdrawal
symptoms
62. ^ Silverman, Lauren (12 September 2016). "Kratom
Advocates Speak Out Against Proposed
Government Ban". NPR. Retrieved 12
September 2016.
63. ^ Ingraham, Christopher (September 30,
2016). "DEA defies senators' appeal to reconsider
'unprecedented' kratom ban". Washington Post.

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64. ^ Stapleton, Christine (September 29,

2016). "Congress members ask DEA not to ban
kratom: opioid research needed". Palm Beach Post.
65. ^ Nelson, Steven (September 30, 2016). "Kratom
Will Remain Legal for Days, Possibly Longer". US Page | 23
News & World Report.
66. ^ "Kratom Gets Reprieve From Drug Enforcement
Administration". NPR.org. Retrieved 2016-10-12.
67. ^ "Withdrawal of Notice of Intent to Temporarily
Place Mitragynine and 7-Hydroxymitragynine Into
Schedule I: A Proposed Rule by the Drug
Enforcement Administration on 10/13/2016". Federal
Register. Drug Enforcement Administration. 2016-
10-13. Retrieved 2016-10-18.
68. ^ Brown, Melissa (May 20, 2016). "States ban
kratom supplement over abuse worries". Associated
Press via US News & World Report.
69. ^ Schwarz, Alan (2 January 2016). "Kratom, an
Addict's Alternative, Is Found to Be Addictive
Itself". The New York Times.
70. ^ Smith, Peter Andrey (2019-02-19). "The Herbal
Supplement That Might Be a Deadly Drug". Outside
Online. Retrieved 2019-02-20.
71. ^ "Product Seizure Shows FDA Serious about
Kratom". Natural Products Insider. 9 January 2016.
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 Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa), from the European

Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction , January
2015
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Wikidata: Q139698
Wikispecies: Mitragyna speciosa
EoL: 1106532
GBIF: 2900453
GRIN: 417532
Taxon iNaturalist: 431319
identifiers IPNI: 756303-1
NCBI: 170351
Plant List: kew-128805
POWO: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:756303-1
Tropicos: 100225434
WCSP: 128805
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Active now
Chat conversation start
You're friends on Facebook

Lives in Tuscumbia, Missouri
FRI 01:19

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Say hi to your new Facebook friend, Greg.

FRI 16:43
Page | 26
Hello Sir. I sent you a friends request yesterday. Thank you for excepting.
My friend from Australia and myself [from the United States] have been
following your situation as well as others where people are being
mistreated by the State/Governments. Both of us have been illegally
drugged and substantially mistreated as well by the Australian and united
States governments. I, myself have accused these vile human beings of
genocide by exposing people to MRSa bacteria here in the US and then
giving elderly, disabled, poor and otherwise disadvantaged people less
than adequate amounts of antiboctics. We will continue to follow your
situation and please let us know if there is anything we can do to offer you
some help in making calls or aiding you in any other way. We are both 49
and 50 years old.
03:47
Thanks for the friendship request. Greg.
Note: MRSA is caused by too many antibiotics not too few.
You bet Romesh...my friend and i have been through the things you have
with the doctors and medication and we aren't too happy about it either.
We both think they tried to kill us
Please feel free to get a hold of me any time you want to talk
me and my friend talk for hours nearly every day
There is a lot of money in creating disease.
So, even if you want to get on a call with both us, we all can have a good
conversation about this. She is very intelligent and lives in Australia just
north of south Australia
The psychiatric system creates disease and this is also the case in other
areas of medicine.
yes, i agree. I have accused the US of trying to kill people using MRSa
bacteria
do you want to talk right now?
can i call you?

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Biological warfare and germ warfare have been used for centuries by the
British.
What country are you in?
Page | 27
yes, i agree....and WW2 was nothing but a big genocide event by he
governments
i am in the US but i can call you right here on FB without charges
I live in a place called Missouri
Yes.
My friend lives just north of South Australia

that is me calling
i heard you pick up
the call is active ...can you hear me?
I can hear you
608-2184610 that is my computer phone numebr

My Face
OK
My Facebook calls don't work
Greg called you.

03:58
Call again
OK
I find it easier to chat using messenger.
your mic must have been muted

The drugs are making me slur my speech
ok...no problem
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yeah, i am not one to judge Romesh...i know what they are doing...
I prefer to type right now
Page | 28
that is fine
i am ok with that
what do you know about MRSa?
Tell me more about your MRSA theory
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus.
The nursing homes are exposing elderly people and poor people to this
bacteria and then doctors are intentionally giving these people less than
adequate amounts of antiboctics to create super bugs
Staph aureus is a bacterium that causes infections
yes....methicilin resistant
yes
i know what it is. Have done 10 years worth of looking into this
They have been using too many antibiotics for decades which is why
MRSA developed
they exposed 2/3rds of our country to that bacteria

well, i believe that is on purpose
They use antibiotics in vet science and animal husbandry too
because, if you give people not enough or not the right kind of aniboctics,
they create superbugs by mutating or just weakening it
They have been engineering more lethal bacteria and viruses for decades
- maybe more than 100 years.
they just throw the standard protocol at all people no matter what they
have and then if it doesn't work, they give a 2nd does...that all weakens

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the bacteri and there is no education that comes from the cdoctors when
they do this to their patients
sure, i agree
rotten human beings is what they are Romesh ...crimes against humanity
Captain Cook had a supply of smallpox in his ship. They gave infected
Page | 29
blankets to native people in the Americas as well as Australia.
Then they introduced AIDS through the smallpox eradication program of
the WHO (in Africa).
my girlfriend worked at a nursing home where all of the employees picked

up on the fact that all of the really old people were going to the local
hospital and coming back with MRSa infections and they were also putting
people in the same room with each other when one had MRSa and the
other had c-dif as to say they didnt care if they caught each others
bacteria
did you see that video i sent about HV doctor who invented AIDs and how
he was questioned about it by a reporter ? i sent that on you tube
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HgiMqgjS-zM&t=5s
I CREATED AIDS to DELIBERATELY DEPOPULATE HUMANITY - Dr

Robert Gallo
I CREATED AIDS to DELIBERATELY DEPOPULATE HUMANITY - Dr Robert
Gallo Courtesy: Dr Leonard Horovitz [in the interests of extending Human
Educational knowledge...
youtube.com
Nursing homes in Australia are terrible places. Gross human rights abuses
and abusive treatments, including the excessive use of dopamine-blocking
drugs as chemical restraints.
did you see that?

Yes I have watched that.

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they drugged my friend who use to be a policy writter for the government
in Australia
Gallo was in a race with Luc Montagnier of the Pasteur Institute in Paris.
Page | 30
they drugged me in Jan 2011 because i went around my home town telling
everyone about how they were exposing people to MRSa throughout our
entire community in Phillips WIscinsin where i use to lve
they also beat me up and tortured me and suffocated me and then

brought charges against me when i bite one of the cops and pinched the
other ones leg while i was in hand cuffs and drugged. They wanted to give
e 19 years in prison for that but i found the forged court room photos they
forged to conceal the fact that they were suffocting me
i met this friend of mine when i was trying to fight those charges in 2013
and we been friends ever since
MRSA is a problem, but mainly in the hsopitals and nursing homes where
they use too many antibiotics. The MRSA strain is not particularly virulent
and is out competed by the non-MRSA when patients are sent back into
the community.
at first i thought she was an undercover

oh ok...i see you know about it as well. Its not as prominent in Australia as
it is here in the US. Many people have it here
I think AIDS is a bigger problem - and Malaria - and cancer.
many people in Prisons have it and its not like they are telling people what
they have. They are lying about it and saying they have tick bites causing
infections. One woman was told she was allergic to milk and that is why
she had the sores from the MRSa
Aids is not that bad here in the US i dont think. I only met one person in
real life
Nixon's 'War of Cancer' was an Orwellian manipulation. What is was was a
program to cause cancer through various means.

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they are using the spy grid to spy on everyone so they can get away with
this. And they are using the 5 eyes to stalk people and circumvent the
Page | 31
privacy laws
They are also causing heart disease, respiratory disease, epilepsy and
mental illness.
i know a little about Nixons program to give people cancer as well. Didn't
some lady doctor invent a method to give Castro cancer?
they did experiments on a rat or mouse to give it cancer by exposing it to
radiation for 30 days or something like that
The medical research establishment is colliuding with the pharmaceutical
industry and this includes the World Health Organization (WHO). I have
hard evidence of this.
then they were going to give that to Castro somehow

i agree complete...the WHO is involved with wanting to depopulate by all
means and even law enforcement is shooting disabled people here
50% or more of all people being shot here in the US are disabled persons
and that isn't just an accident
Cancer can be caused by both chemicals or radiation. This has been
known for more than 100 years. Marie Curie died of radiation poisoning
causing leukaemia.
Are you familiar with the history of eugenics?
I heard your phone call with your friend and how he hung up on you ....and
i thought i needed to talk to you because i believe in telling people the
truth in the same way you do ....right down their throats even if they dont
like it
yes, actually i am familiar with Eugenics
The War on Drugs was also an Orwellian twist. It was drug warfare mainly
against hemp (Cannabis).

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i read up on that quite some time ago already...that is what they are doing
to me...they told me that i had a pituitary brain tumor when i was 15
years old in 1985. Then they removed my pituitary gland and left me
untreated for the next 21+ years for high uric acid and low testosterone
all while i became disabled with nerve damage and bone erosion.
Page | 32
now i have nerve damage and bone erosion real bad and they deny me all
pain medications
How did they remove your pituitary?
through my sinus
cut under my top lip
That would have been very traumatic.
they said it was 7 mm but at that time they were only removing tumors
that were 10 mm or more.
they tried to sterilize me and i never had any kids
they tried to give me nerve damage and bone erosion and shortened my
life
i am real heavy now as well
that is who i am
OK
The pituitary produces many important hormones. How did they replace
them?
Where is your ancestry from?
They didn't. They left me completely untreated until i developed nerve

damage and bone erosion. I took hydrocorizone and snythroid for a short
while after surgery
Russia and Germany
i was born here though in the US at that same Hospital that was exposing
elderly people to MRSa

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That is grossly negligent

What was the hisotogy of the tumour?
Page | 33
yes, i agree but it was done maliciously as well. They wanted to make
money for the surgery and then keep me on medicare for payments for
30+ years until they killed me
Histology
it wasn't cancer. It was a prolactinoma

at least that is what they told me but i suspect that i may not have had
any tumor at all
that they possibly removed my pituitary gland just to sterilize me
i am not sure
Prolactinomas don't need to be excised anyway
oh yeah
hmmm...
they should have used medication first is what i was thinking even if i did
have a tumor
The dopamine-blocking drugs (antipsychotics) cause sterilization as well
as impotence. They treat this with Viagra rather than stopping the abusive
drugs.
every time they ever tested my blood, i had high uric acid and low
testsoerone and they didnt even tell me
i have never been on any mental health medications but they drugged me
4 times in a row in Jan 2011 when i went to the ER because they ripped
me off of 201mgs a day of morohine and oxycodone medications
they tried to cause me a medical crisis so they could drug me and kill me
then they stole my home that was almost all paid off
and put me in a mental health facility for 5 weeks
they changed me for assaulting the police when they were suffocating me
Dopanine inhibits secretion of Prolactin (Prl) by the anterior lobe of the
pituitary. The anterior lobe also secretes the gonadotrophins (FSH and LH)
that stimulate and regulate testosterone production by the testes. You
have good reason to think they were trying to sterilize you or cripple you,
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But I don't advise taking opiates for pain. There are other non-drug
techniques. It will take time to explain this. You'll have to make a
consultation appointment to discuss it, if you want to.
https://www.facebook.com/DrAryaChakravarti
Page | 34
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Health/beauty
76 Fegen Drive, Moorooka 4105
Send Message
i don't take pain medications anymore. I take Kratom and that seems to
be working
it helps me get to sleep and makes teh nerve pain manageble
What's Kratom?
a tree leaf from malaysia ...Mitragyna Speciosa leaf

it works on the same receptors as the pain meds and opiates
Interesting. I'll look more into it. I hadn't heard of it.
When i say it helps my pain, i also know it is helping many people get off
of the opiates here in the US. It is the only thing that helped me not need
pain medications that they were refusing to give me at the doctors
anyways even though i never had any addiction problems. But yeah,
many many people are now taking this Kratom. I will actually be starting
my own business selling this in the next month now.

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i would go 10 days with no sleep because my nerve pain was so bad. And
the doctors were being mean to me and not helping me at all. Even
leaving me untreated for diabetes while they also dont tell me what was
wrong with me. They seriously tried to maim my body and have
repeatedly lied about me in both criminal and medical records this past 30
Page | 35
years ever since i was 18 years old. I am now 49 and finding all of this out
Traditional use In cultures where the plant grows, kratom has been used in
traditional medicine. The leaves are chewed to relieve musculoskeletal
pain and increase energy, appetite, and sexual desire in ways similar to
khat and coca.[2] The leaves or extracts from them are used to heal
wounds and as a local anesthetic. Extracts and leaves have been used to
treat coughs, diarrhea, and intestinal infections.[4][9][28] They are also
used as intestinal deworming agents in Thailand.[1] Kratom is often used
by workers in laborious or monotonous professions to stave off exhaustion
as well as a mood enhancer and painkiller.[28] In Thailand, kratom was
"used as a snack to receive guests and was part of the ritual worship of
ancestors and gods".[29] The herb is very bitter and is generally
combined with a sweetener
There are efforts to ban Kratom which have been partly successful.
it starts to work within 5-10 minutes and is great for energy and pain relief
but isn't 100% effective for my pain. It also enhances my mood
There have also been overdoses of the powder.
The state where i use to live it is illegal but Missouri it is legal

i can't imagine anyone overdosing on this
they must be really trying to abuse it if they over does
There is a difference between chewing the fresh leaves and taking the
powder. As is the case with Coca leaves.
it is a dry powder that will constipate a person if they dont drink enough
or a lot of fluids
oh yeah....which is better? Chewing leafs of powder taking?
i take powder and have always taken powder
Chewing leaves.

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oh really....interesting
Page | 36
100 gms is $28.00
i buy a kilo for 2 months at $130.00
In 1836, kratom was reported to have been used as an opium substitute in
Malaysia. Kratom was also used as an opium substitute in Thailand in the
nineteenth century.[4] As of 2016, Kratom is not approved for this or any
other medical use.[1] Data on how often it is used worldwide are lacking,
as it is not detected by typical drug-screening tests.[3] Rates of kratom
use appear to be increasing among those who have been self-managing
chronic pain with opioids purchased without a prescription and are cycling
(but not quitting) their use.[3] As of 2018, there have been no formal trials
to study the efficacy or safety of kratom to treat opioid addiction.[11]
I tried calling you but you can't hear me. Thats OK.
You called Greg.
05:21
Call again
your still on mute i think

Doen't matter. I have to go now. But feel free to contact me for a
consultation. I think I can help you.
oh ok...well, its been nice talking with you Romesh. You have a great day!
And thank you!!
Cargando

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Charla
Cerrar chat
Mensajes Page | 37
Greg Skomaroske
You're friends on Facebook
Lives in Tuscumbia, Missouri
FRI 01:19
Say hi to your new Facebook friend, Greg.
FRI 16:43
Hello Sir. I sent you a friends request yesterday. Thank you

for excepting. My friend from Australia and myself [from
the United States] have been following your situation as
well as others where people are being mistreated by the
State/Governments. Both of us have been illegally drugged
and substantially mistreated as well by the Australian and
united States governments. I, myself have accused these
vile human beings of genocide by exposing people to
MRSa bacteria here in the US and then giving elderly,
disabled, poor and otherwise disadvantaged people less
than adequate amounts of antiboctics. We will continue to
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follow your situation and please let us know if there is

anything we can do to offer you some help in making calls
or aiding you in any other way. We are both 49 and 50
years old. Page | 38
03:47
Romesh
Thanks for the friendship request. Greg.
You bet Romesh...my friend and i have been through the

things you have with the doctors and medication and we
aren't too happy about it either. We both think they tried to
kill us
Please feel free to get a hold of me any time you want to

talk
me and my friend talk for hours nearly every day
Romesh
There is a lot of money in creating disease.
So, even if you want to get on a call with both us, we all
can have a good conversation about this. She is very
intelligent and lives in Australia just north of south
Australia

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Romesh
The psychiatric system creates disease and this is also
the case in other areas of medicine.
Page | 39
yes, i agree. I have accused the US of trying to kill people

using MRSa bacteria
do you want to talk right now?
can i call you?
Romesh
Biological warfare and germ warfare have been used for
centuries by the British.
What country are you in?
yes, i agree....and WW2 was nothing but a big genocide

event by he governments
i am in the US but i can call you right here on FB without

charges
I live in a place called Missouri
Romesh
Yes.
My friend lives just north of South Australia

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that is me calling
i heard you pick up
the call is active ...can you hear me? Page | 40
Romesh
I can hear you
608-2184610 that is my computer phone numebr
Romesh
My Face
OK
My Facebook calls don't work
Greg called you.
03:58
Call again
Romesh
OK
I find it easier to chat using messenger.
your mic must have been muted

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Romesh
The drugs are making me slur my speech
Page | 41
ok...no problem
yeah, i am not one to judge Romesh...i know what they are

doing...
Romesh
I prefer to type right now
that is fine
i am ok with that
what do you know about MRSa?
Romesh
Tell me more about your MRSA theory
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus.
The nursing homes are exposing elderly people and poor

people to this bacteria and then doctors are intentionally
giving these people less than adequate amounts of
antiboctics to create super bugs
Romesh
Staph aureus is a bacterium that causes infections

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yes....methicilin resistant
yes Page | 42
i know what it is. Have done 10 years worth of looking into

this
Romesh
They have been using too many antibiotics for decades
which is why MRSA developed
they exposed 2/3rds of our country to that bacteria
well, i believe that is on purpose
Romesh
They use antibiotics in vet science and animal husbandry
too
because, if you give people not enough or not the right

kind of aniboctics, they create superbugs by mutating or
just weakening it
Romesh
They have been engineering more lethal bacteria and
viruses for decades - maybe more than 100 years.

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they just throw the standard protocol at all people no

matter what they have and then if it doesn't work, they
give a 2nd does...that all weakens the bacteri and there is
no education that comes from the cdoctors when they do Page | 43
this to their patients
sure, i agree
rotten human beings is what they are Romesh ...crimes

against humanity
Romesh
Captain Cook had a supply of smallpox in his ship. They
gave infected blankets to native people in the Americas as
well as Australia.
Then they introduced AIDS through the smallpox

eradication program of the WHO (in Africa).
my girlfriend worked at a nursing home where all of the

employees picked up on the fact that all of the really old
people were going to the local hospital and coming back
with MRSa infections and they were also putting people in
the same room with each other when one had MRSa and
the other had c-dif as to say they didnt care if they caught
each others bacteria

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did you see that video i sent about HV doctor who

invented AIDs and how he was questioned about it by a
reporter ? i sent that on you tube
Page | 44
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HgiMqgjS-zM&t=5s
I CREATED AIDS to DELIBERATELY DEPOPULATE

HUMANITY - Dr Robert Gallo
I CREATED AIDS to DELIBERATELY DEPOPULATE

HUMANITY - Dr Robert Gallo Courtesy: Dr Leonard
Horovitz [in the interests of extending Human Educational
knowledge...
youtube.com
Romesh
Nursing homes in Australia are terrible places. Gross
human rights abuses and abusive treatments, including
the excessive use of dopamine-blocking drugs as chemical
restraints.
did you see that?
Romesh
Yes I have watched that.

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they drugged my friend who use to be a policy writter for

the government Page | 45
in Australia
Romesh
Gallo was in a race with Luc Montagnier of the Pasteur
Institute in Paris.
they drugged me in Jan 2011 because i went around my

home town telling everyone about how they were exposing
people to MRSa throughout our entire community in
Phillips WIscinsin where i use to lve
they also beat me up and tortured me and suffocated me

and then brought charges against me when i bite one of
the cops and pinched the other ones leg while i was in
hand cuffs and drugged. They wanted to give e 19 years in
prison for that but i found the forged court room photos
they forged to conceal the fact that they were suffocting
me
i met this friend of mine when i was trying to fight those

charges in 2013 and we been friends ever since

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Romesh
MRSA is a problem, but mainly in the hospitals and nursing
homes where they use too many antibiotics. The MRSA
strain is not particularly virulent and is out-competed by Page | 46
the non-MRSA when patients are sent back into the

community.
at first i thought she was an undercover
oh ok...i see you know about it as well. Its not as

prominent in Australia as it is here in the US. Many people
have it here
Romesh
I think AIDS is a bigger problem - and Malaria - and cancer.
many people in Prisons have it and its not like they are
telling people what they have. They are lying about it and
saying they have tick bites causing infections. One woman
was told she was allergic to milk and that is why she had
the sores from the MRSa
Aids is not that bad here in the US i dont think. I only met
one person in real life
Romesh
Nixon's 'War of Cancer' was an Orwellian manipulation.
What is was really was a program to cause cancer through
various means.
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they are using the spy grid to spy on everyone so they can
get away with this. And they are using the 5 eyes to stalk Page | 47
people and circumvent the privacy laws
Romesh
They are also causing heart disease, respiratory disease,
epilepsy and mental illness.
i know a little about Nixons program to give people cancer

as well. Didn't some lady doctor invent a method to give
Castro cancer?
they did experiments on a rat or mouse to give it cancer

by exposing it to radiation for 30 days or something like
that
Romesh
The medical research establishment is colluding with the
pharmaceutical industry and this includes the World
Health Organization (WHO). I have hard evidence of this.
then they were going to give that to Castro somehow
i agree complete...the WHO is involved with wanting to

depopulate by all means and even law enforcement is
shooting disabled people here

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50% or more of all people being shot here in the US are

disabled persons and that isn't just an accident
Romesh Page | 48
Cancer can be caused by both chemicals or radiation. This
has been known for more than 100 years. Marie Curie died
of radiation poisoning causing leukaemia.
Are you familiar with the history of eugenics?
I heard your phone call with your friend and how he hung
up on you ....and i thought i needed to talk to you because
i believe in telling people the truth in the same way you do
....right down their throats even if they dont like it
yes, actually i am familiar with Eugenics
Romesh
The War on Drugs was also an Orwellian twist. It was drug
warfare mainly against hemp (Cannabis).
i read up on that quite some time ago already...that is

what they are doing to me...they told me that i had a
pituitary brain tumor when i was 15 years old in 1985.
Then they removed my pituitary gland and left me
untreated for the next 21+ years for high uric acid and low
testosterone all while i became disabled with nerve
damage and bone erosion.

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now i have nerve damage and bone erosion real bad and
they deny me all pain medications
Romesh Page | 49
How did they remove your pituitary?
through my sinus
cut under my top lip
Romesh
That would have been very traumatic.
they said it was 7 mm but at that time they were only

removing tumors that were 10 mm or more.
they tried to sterilize me and i never had any kids
they tried to give me nerve damage and bone erosion and

shortened my life
i am real heavy now as well
that is who i am
Romesh
OK

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The pituitary produces many important hormones. How did

they replace them?
Where is your ancestry from? Page | 50
They didn't. They left me completely untreated until i

developed nerve damage and bone erosion. I took
hydrocorizone and snythroid for a short while after surgery
Russia and Germany
i was born here though in the US at that same Hospital

that was exposing elderly people to MRSa
Romesh
That is grossly negligent
What was the hisotogy of the tumour?
yes, i agree but it was done maliciously as well. They

wanted to make money for the surgery and then keep me
on medicare for payments for 30+ years until they killed
me
Romesh
Histology
it wasn't cancer. It was a prolactinoma

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at least that is what they told me but i suspect that i may

not have had any tumor at all
that they possibly removed my pituitary gland just to Page | 51

sterilize me
i am not sure
Romesh
Prolactinomas don't need to be excised anyway
oh yeah
hmmm...
they should have used medication first is what i was

thinking even if i did have a tumor
Romesh
The dopamine-blocking drugs (antipsychotics) cause
sterilization as well as impotence. They treat this with
Viagra rather than stopping the abusive drugs.
every time they ever tested my blood, i had high uric acid
and low testsoerone and they didnt even tell me
i have never been on any mental health medications but

they drugged me 4 times in a row in Jan 2011 when i went
to the ER because they ripped me off of 201mgs a day of
morohine and oxycodone medications

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they tried to cause me a medical crisis so they could drug

me and kill me
then they stole my home that was almost all paid off Page | 52
and put me in a mental health facility for 5 weeks
they changed me for assaulting the police when they were

suffocating me
Romesh
Dopamine inhibits secretion of Prolactin (Prl) by the
anterior lobe of the pituitary. The anterior lobe also
secretes the gonadotrophins (FSH and LH) that stimulate
and regulate testosterone production by the testes. You
have good reason to think they were trying to sterilize you
or cripple you. But I don't advise taking opiates for pain.
There are other non-drug techniques. It will take time to
explain this. You'll have to make a consultation
appointment to discuss it, if you want to.
Romesh
https://www.facebook.com/DrAryaChakravarti

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Page | 53
HUB Health
Health/beauty
76 Fegen Drive, Moorooka 4105
Send Message
i don't take pain medications anymore. I take Kratom and

that seems to be working
it helps me get to sleep and makes teh nerve pain

manageble

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Romesh
What's Kratom?
Page | 54
a tree leaf from malaysia ...Mitragyna Speciosa leaf
it works on the same receptors as the pain meds and

opiates
Romesh
Interesting. I'll look more into it. I hadn't heard of it.
When i say it helps my pain, i also know it is helping many

people get off of the opiates here in the US. It is the only
thing that helped me not need pain medications that they
were refusing to give me at the doctors anyways even
though i never had any addiction problems. But yeah, many
many people are now taking this Kratom. I will actually be
starting my own business selling this in the next month
now.
i would go 10 days with no sleep because my nerve pain

was so bad. And the doctors were being mean to me and
not helping me at all. Even leaving me untreated for
diabetes while they also dont tell me what was wrong with
me. They seriously tried to maim my body and have
repeatedly lied about me in both criminal and medical

HUB Publicatons
HUB Health
records this past 30 years ever since i was 18 years old. I

am now 49 and finding all of this out
Romesh Page | 55
Traditional use In cultures where the plant grows, kratom
has been used in traditional medicine. The leaves are
chewed to relieve musculoskeletal pain and increase
energy, appetite, and sexual desire in ways similar to khat
and coca.[2] The leaves or extracts from them are used to
heal wounds and as a local anesthetic. Extracts and
leaves have been used to treat coughs, diarrhea, and
intestinal infections.[4][9][28] They are also used as
intestinal deworming agents in Thailand.[1] Kratom is
often used by workers in laborious or monotonous
professions to stave off exhaustion as well as a mood
enhancer and painkiller.[28] In Thailand, kratom was "used
as a snack to receive guests and was part of the ritual
worship of ancestors and gods".[29] The herb is very bitter
and is generally combined with a sweetener
Romesh
Hay esfuerzos para prohibir Kratom que han sido
parcialmente exitosos.
comienza a funcionar en 5-10 minutos y es excelente para

aliviar la energía y el dolor, pero no es 100% efectivo para
mi dolor. También mejora mi estado de ánimo.

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Romesh
También ha habido sobredosis de polvo.
Page | 56
El estado donde solía vivir es ilegal, pero Missouri es legal
No puedo imaginar a nadie sobredosis en esto
deben estar realmente tratando de abusar si lo hacen
Romesh
Hay una diferencia entre masticar las hojas frescas y
tomar el polvo. Como es el caso con las hojas de coca.
Es un polvo seco que estreñirá a una persona si no bebe

suficiente cantidad de líquido.
oh si .... cual es mejor? ¿Masticar hojas de tomar polvo?
tomo polvo y siempre he tomado polvo
Romesh
Masticar hojas
oh realmente ... interesante
100 gms es $ 28.00

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compro un kilo por 2 meses a $ 130.00
Romesh
In 1836, kratom was reported to have been used as an Page | 57
opium substitute in Malaysia. Kratom was also used as an
opium substitute in Thailand in the nineteenth century.[4]
As of 2016, Kratom is not approved for this or any other
medical use.[1] Data on how often it is used worldwide are
lacking, as it is not detected by typical drug-screening
tests.[3] Rates of kratom use appear to be increasing
among those who have been self-managing chronic pain
with opioids purchased without a prescription and are
cycling (but not quitting) their use.[3] As of 2018, there
have been no formal trials to study the efficacy or safety
of kratom to treat opioid addiction.[11]
Romesh
I tried calling you but you can't hear me. Thats OK.
Romesh
You called Greg.
05:21
Call again
your still on mute i think
Romesh
Doesn't matter. I have to go now. But feel free to contact
me for a consultation. I think I can help you.
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oh ok...well, its been nice talking with you Romesh. You

have a great day! Page | 58
And thank you!!
Analysis
This plant is a valuable one and potental export crop for Asian
countries as well as PNG. Its thoroughly studied biochemistry
supports its medical use as well as recreatonal use as a euphoriant
and stmulant. It should be chewed as fresh leaves rather than
powder though there may be a role for the powder as well. Its use for
opiate withdrawal was established more than 150 years ago and its
use in traditonal medicines is hundreds if not thousands of years old.
Wikipedia is strongly biased in favour of the drug companies.

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Reforms For Global Drug Laws $20.00 (USD)

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Dried, shredded kratom

Holistc University of Brisbane (HUB)

Source Mitragyna speciosa

Part(s) of Leaves Page | 2

Geographic Southeast Asia[1]

CA: Not authorized for sale or use[6]

US: Drug of concern,[4] sale is illegal[7]

EU: Illegal in Denmark, Republic of

Illegal in Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand,

Holistc University of Brisbane (HUB)

Holistc University of Brisbane (HUB)

o 6.2Australia and New Zealand

Holistc University of Brisbane (HUB)

 Nauclea korthalsii Steud.

Holistc University of Brisbane (HUB)

 Nauclea luzoniensis Blanco

 Nauclea speciosa (Korth.) Page | 6

 Stephegyne speciosa Korth.

Young M. speciosa tree

Holistc University of Brisbane (HUB)

Holistc University of Brisbane (HUB)

In an analysis of overdose deaths occurring in 27 US states from 2016 to 2017,

Affinities (Ki) Ratio

1. ^ Jump up to:a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o "Kratom profile

traditional herb to drug of abuse". Int. J. Legal

Holistc University of Brisbane (HUB)

Service (ARS), United States Department of

Holistc University of Brisbane (HUB)

Administration. January 2013. Archived from the

Holistc University of Brisbane (HUB)

8. doi:10.1080/15563650.2019.1569236. ISSN 1556

30. ^ Tanguay, Pascal (April 2011). "Kratom in Thailand:

Toxicology, An Issue of Emergency Medicine Clinics

Holistc University of Brisbane (HUB)

43. ^ Jump up to:a b c Takayama H, Ishikawa H, Kurihara

Holistc University of Brisbane (HUB)

51. ^ "Psychoactive Substances Act 2016". The

58. ^ Jump up to:a b Chappell, Bill (4 April 2018). "FDA

Administration. 21 February 2018. Retrieved 7

Holistc University of Brisbane (HUB)

64. ^ Stapleton, Christine (September 29,

Holistc University of Brisbane (HUB)

 Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa), from the European

Chat conversation start

You're friends on Facebook

Holistc University of Brisbane (HUB)

Say hi to your new Facebook friend, Greg.

Holistc University of Brisbane (HUB)

My friend lives just north of South Australia

608-2184610 that is my computer phone numebr

Greg called you.

your mic must have been muted

they exposed 2/3rds of our country to that bacteria

Holistc University of Brisbane (HUB)

my girlfriend worked at a nursing home where all of the employees picked

I CREATED AIDS to DELIBERATELY DEPOPULATE HUMANITY - Dr

did you see that?

Holistc University of Brisbane (HUB)

they also beat me up and tortured me and suffocated me and then

at first i thought she was an undercover

Holistc University of Brisbane (HUB)