WESTERN

CLASSICAL
ART
TRADITION
ANCIENT ART
1,500,000BC – 2,000BC

PRE-HISTORIC
EGYPTIAN
PRE-HISTORIC
PRE-HISTORIC ERA
- Includes all human existence
before emergence of writing
- Understanding of early
human life and culture
PRE-HISTORIC ERA
- Found inside caves
- Way of communication
- Artifacts as human’s first
created art
- Animals usually correct in
proportion
PRE-HISTORIC ERA PAINTING
Cave of Lascaux
PRE-HISTORIC ERA PAINTING
Cave of Lascaux

Great Hall of the Bulls

PRE-HISTORIC ERA PAINTING
Cave of Lascaux

The Lateral Passage

PRE-HISTORIC ERA PAINTING
Cave of Lascaux

The Shaft of a Dead Man

PRE-HISTORIC ERA PAINTING
Cave of Lascaux

The Chamber of Engravings

PRE-HISTORIC ERA PAINTING
Cave of Lascaux

The Painted Gallery

PRE-HISTORIC ERA PAINTING
Cave of Lascaux

Chamber of Felines
PRE-HISTORIC ERA SCULPTURES

- Materials used vary

according to region and
locality
- Frequently carving may have
mythological or religious
significance
PRE-HISTORIC ERA SCULPTURE

Venus of Willendorf
PRE-HISTORIC ERA SCULPTURE

Venus of Brassempouy
 PRE-HISTORIC ARCHITECTURE
- Megaliths (a big rock); Greek words
lithos (stone) and megas (big)
- Made of huge stone blocks intended
for burial
- Provided plenty of legends and
superstitions
- During this era, stones and rocks
were associated with DIVINITY
 PRE-HISTORIC ARCHITECTURE
THREE MAIN TYPES of MEGALITH STONES
1. MENHIR – huge, vertically standing stone
on the ground, usually in the middle of the
field or arranged in rows
2. DOLMENS – stone table; form of table
consisting of two huge standing stones
supporting a horizontal giant stone;
believed as grave or altar
3. CROMLECH – circle of standing stones
PRE-HISTORIC ERA ARCHITECTURE

MENHIR
PRE-HISTORIC ERA ARCHITECTURE

DOLMENS
PRE-HISTORIC ERA ARCHITECTURE

CROMLECH
EGYPTIAN
 EGYPTIAN
- Make deceased afterlife
place pleasant
- Themes include journey to
the underworld by their
protective deities
 EGYPTIAN
- Emphasizes the importance
of life after death and the
preservation of the
knowledge of the past
 EGYPTIAN
- Highly stylized, symbolic,
and shows profile view of an
animal or a person
- Main colors: red, black, blue,
gold, and green
EGYPTIAN PAINTING

Paintings from Sarcophagus

of Tutankhamen XVIII dynasty
EGYPTIAN PAINTING

Paintings from Sarcophagus

of Tutankhamen XVIII dynasty
 EGYPTIAN ERA SCULPTURES
- Symbolic elements such as
forms, hieroglyphics, relative
size, location, materials, color,
actions, and gestures were
widely used
- Most common materials used:
wood, ivory and stones
 EGYPTIAN ERA SCULPTURES
CHARACTERISTICS of the SCULPTURES
1. Symbolisms were heavily used to represent the gods.
2. Relief compositions were arranged in horizontal lines
3. Gods were shown larger than humans, kings larger
than their followers, dead larger than the living
4. Empty spaces were filled with figures or hieroglyphics
5. All individual components were all brought to the
plane of representation and laid out as writing
EGYPTIAN ERA SCULPTURE

Queen Nefertiti
painted limestone
EGYPTIAN ERA SCULPTURE

The Pharoah Menkaure

and his Queen,
stone
 EGYPTIAN ARCHITECTURE

- Developed during the pre-

dynastic period 4,000BC
 EGYPTIAN ARCHITECTURE
CHARACTERISTICS:
1. Has thick sloping walls with few openings
for stability
2. All walls, columns and piers are covered
with hieroglyphics
3. Ornamentations were symbolic
4. Temples were aligned with astronomically
significant events like solstices and
equinox with precise measurements
EGYPTIAN ERA ARCHITECTURE

Pyramids of Giza
 EGYPTIAN ARCHITECTURE
PYRAMIDS of GIZA
- Most substantial ancient structures of the
world
- Composed of 3 pyramids that are funerary
structures for the 3 kings of the 4th

dynasty: Khufu, Khafa and Menkaura

- Made highly confusing and with many
tunnels to create confusion for grave
robbers
 EGYPTIAN ARCHITECTURE
EGYPTIAN TEMPLES
- Built to serve as places for residence for
the gods
- Served as key center for economic activity
- Made of wood, reed matting and mud brick
- Walls were covered with scenes: Pharaoh
fighting in battles and performing rituals
with the gods
 EGYPTIAN ARCHITECTURE

MASTABA
- Egyptian tomb in form of a flat-roofed,
rectangular structure with outward
sloping sides
- Made of mud-bricks or stones
EGYPTIAN ERA ARCHITECTURE

Mastaba
 ACTIVITY
ROCK MY WORLD
Materials:Flat rock of any shape
rocks with sharp edges

MUSIC & ARTS 9 BOOK

Pages 166 - 167

To be submitted on: __________________

END OF
ANCIENT
ART
ERA
CLASSICAL ART
2,000BC – 400BC

GREEK
ROMAN
CLASSICAL
GREEK
CLASSICAL GREEK ERA
- Most commonly found in
vases, panels and tomb
- Depict natural figures
- Subjects: battle scenes,
mythological figures and
everyday scenes
CLASSICAL GREEK ERA
- Linear perspective and
Naturalistic representation
 CLASSICAL GREEK ERA
MOST COMMON METHODS of PAINTING
FRESCO – water-based pigments on a
freshly applied plaster on walls. Ideals
for murals, durable and matte style.
ENCAUSTIC – developed by Greek ship
builders, used hot wax to fill cracks of
the ships. Pigments were added and
used to paint a wax hull.
CLASSICAL GREEK PAINTING
Fresco Painting
CLASSICAL GREEK PAINTING
Encaustic Painting
 VASE PAINTING
KERCH STYLE – also referred as KERCH
VASES are red, figured pottery
Shapes commonly found are:
1. Pelike (wine container)
2. Lekanis (a low bowl with two horizontal
handles and a low broad foot)
3. Lebes Gamikos (with high handles and lid
use to carry bridal bath)
4. Krater (bowl use for mixing wine and water
CLASSICAL GREEK PAINTING

KERCH VASE
PELIKE
CLASSICAL GREEK PAINTING

KERCH VASE
LEKANIS
CLASSICAL GREEK PAINTING

KERCH VASE
LEBES GAMIKOS
CLASSICAL GREEK PAINTING

KERCH VASE
KRATER
KERCH VASES
- Common motifs: life of women,
mythological beings popular among the
people of the black sea, scene from a
mythical story or event
- Uses the technique POLYCROMY, a
combination of different colors especially
the brilliant ones in an artistic manner
 PROJECT in ARTS

KERCH VASE
To be submitted on: __________________
 PANEL PAINTING
- Paintings on flat panels of wood
- It can be either small, single-pieced
or several panels joined together
- Most of it doesn’t exist anymore
because of its organic composition
CLASSICAL GREEK PAINTING
Panel Painting

Pitsa Panel
 TOMB / WALL PAINTING
- Popular during the classical period
- Uses the method frescos in either
TEMPERA (water-based) or ENCAUSTIC
(wax)
- Sharp, flatly outlined style of painting
- Only few samples survived
- Painting using a true fresco technique with
limestone mortar
- Depicts symposium scene on the wall
CLASSICAL GREEK PAINTING
Tomb / Wall Painting

Tomb of the Diver

 CLASSIC GREEK SCULPTURES
- Tensed and stiff, body were
hidden within enfolding robes
- After 3 centuries, it evolved and
showed all the points of human
anatomy and proportion
 CLASSIC GREEK SCULPTURES
HELLENISTIC style – preference in
sculpture for more elaborated
patterns, mannered arrangement of
figures and groups, and an
emphasis on the representation of
movement for dramatic effects.
CLASSICAL GREEK ERA SCULPTURE

Myron;
The Discobulus
 CLASSICAL GREEK ARCHITECTURE
- Temples consisted of a central shrine
or room in an aisle surrounded by
rows of columns
- Buildings were designed in one of
three architectural style or order:
DORIC, IONIC and CORINTHIAN
 CLASSICAL GREEK ARCHITECTURE
THE PARTHENON
- The Greatest Classical temple,
ingeniously engineered to correct an
optical illusion
- Columns were slightly contorted,
swollen at the center and leaning
inwards; to correct the impression of
deadness and top heaviness
CLASSICAL GREEK ERA ARCHITECTURE

The Parthenon
CLASSICAL
ROMAN
 CLASSIC ROMAN ERA
- Most painting were copied from
Hellenic Greek paintings
- Fresco techniques was used in
brightly colored backgrounds;
division of the wall into a multiple
rectangular areas (tic-tac-toe
design); multi-point perspective; and
tropme-l’-oeil effect.
 CLASSIC ROMAN ERA
- Roman paintings have a wide variety
of subjects, animals, everyday life, still
life, mythological subjects, portraits
and landscapes
- Development of LANDSCAPE
painting is the main innovation of
Roman painting from Greek painting
CLASSICAL ROMAN PAINTING Fresco

Fresco from the Villa of Mysteries

CLASSICAL ROMAN PAINTING Fresco
Boscotrecase, Pompeii
MOSAIC
- An art process where image is
created using an assemblage of small
pieces of colored glass, stones, or
other materials.
- Used for decorative art or interior
decorations
CLASSICAL ROMAN PAINTING MOSAIC

Head of Alexander
 CLASSIC ROMAN SCULPTURES
- Made of monumental terra-cotta
- Produced reliefs in the Great
Roman triumphal columns with
continuous narrative reliefs
around
CLASSICAL ROMAN ERA SCULPTURE

The Portonacio Sarcophagus

CLASSICAL ROMAN ERA SCULPTURE

Sarcopagus, from cervetiri

 CLASSICAL ROMAN ARCHITECTURE
- Sturdy stone structures both for use
and to perpetuate their glory
- Emperors erected huge halls and
arenas for public games, baths, and
procession
- Built with gigantic arches of stones,
bricks and concrete or with barrel
vaults
CLASSICAL ROMAN ERA ARCHITECTURE

The Colosseum
 ACTIVITY
MOSAIC
GREETING CARDS
MUSIC & ARTS 9 BOOK
Pages 172 - 173

To be submitted on: __________________

 END OF
CLASSICAL
ART
ERA
MEDIEVAL ART
400BC – 1,400AD
BYZANTINE
ROMANESQUE
GOTHIC
BYZANTINE
 BYZANTINE PAINTING
- Lively styles of painting which has
been invented in Greek and Rome lived
on the Byzantium but this time for
Christian subjects
- Greek and Oriental styles blend
together in magnificent, imposing
images, which adorned the churches in
large and small forms
BYZANTINE PAINTING MOSAIC

The Court of Empress Theodora

BYZANTINE PAINTING MOSAIC

Empress Theodora
 BYZANTINE SCULPTURES
- Dominant theme: religious,
everyday life scenes and motifs
from nature
- Animals were used as symbols
while some had acrostic signs
that contained a great theological
significance
BYZANTINE ERA SCULPTURE

The Barberini Diptych

 BYZANTINE ARCHITECTURE
- Has a lot in common with early
Christian architecture
- Mosaic decoration was perfected as
was the use of clerestory to bring light
in from high windows
 BYZANTINE ARCHITECTURE
HAGIA SOPHIA
- meaning Holy Wisdom
- Narrates how a magnificent
construction transformed from being a
church into a mosque into a museum
- One of the biggest domes ever created
BYZANTINE ERA ARCHITECTURE

Hagia Sophia
ROMANESQUE
ROMANESQUE PAINTING
- Largely placed mosaics on the walls
of the churches that follow a strict
frontal pose
- Mozarabic influence – elongated oval
faces, large staring eyes and long
noses, figures against flat colored
bands and heavy outlining
ROMANESQUE PAINTING MOSAIC

Christ in Majesty
 ROMANESQUE SCULPTURES
- Famous pieces: reliquaries, altar
frontals, crucifixes and
devotional images
- Small works made of costly
materials for royal and
aristocratic patrons
ROMANESQUE ERA SCULPTURE

Last Judgement
 ROMANESQUE ARCHITECTURE
- Romanesque’s churches have grand
sculpted doorways/ portals
- Wood or metal doors are surrounded
by elaborate stone sculptures
arranged in zones to fit architectural
elements.
ROMANESQUE ERA ARCHITECTURE

The groin-vaulted
crypt of
Worcester Cathedral
GOTHIC
 GOTHIC ERA PAINTING
- Confined in the illumination of
manuscript pages and the painting of
frescoes on the walls of churches in
cosmopolitan style, elegant
mannered, and sophisticated
GOTHIC ERA PAINTING

Lady and the Unicorn tapestry

GOTHIC ERA PAINTING

The Shepherd David

 STAINED GLASS WINDOWS
- Were created to transform the vast
stone interiors with warm and
glowing color and at the same time to
instruct Christians in their faith
GOTHIC ERA PAINTING STAINED GLASS

Rose window from

the North transcept
 GOTHIC SCULPTURES
- Have greater freedom of style
- No longer lay against walls but
begun to project outward
- Figures were given their own
particular attitude instead of
being set into particular patterns
- More lively and realistic
GOTHIC ERA SCULPTURE

Resurrection of the Virgin

 GOTHIC ARCHITECTURE
- Design includes two new devices::
POINTED ARCH which enabled
builders to construct much higher
ceiling vaults and STONE VAULTING
borne on a network of stone ribs
supported by piers and clustered
pillars
GOTHIC ERA ARCHITECTURE

Cathedral of Chartres
 ACTIVITY
LIGHT ME UP

MUSIC & ARTS 9 BOOK

Pages 168 - 170

To be submitted on: __________________

 END OF
MEDIEVAL
ART
ERA
THANK YOU!!!
Prepare for your
UNIT TEST
on ___________