Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
Internal environment
- Includes elements within the organization
- Defines how employee behavior and how the organization will adapt to the external environment
General environment
I. International (expand into global markets and build a global supply chain.)
Events originating in foreign countries; opportunities for local companies in other countries;
new competitors, customers, technological and economic trend
II. Technological
Scientific and technological advancements in an industry/society
Examples: social media, smart phones, videoconferencing
III. Sociocultural
Demographic characteristics and norms, customs, and values of the general population geographical
distribution, population density, age, and education levels;
Example: what are the key demographic trends in Hong Kong
IV. Economic
General economic health of the country; consumer purchasing power, unemployment rate, interest rates
V. Legal-Political
Government regulations and political activities that influence company behavior includes a
variety of pressure groups that influence companies provide more challenges today due to
globalization
I. Customers
people and organizations in the environment that acquire goods or services from the organization.
II. Competitors
Other organizations in the same industry or type of business that provide goods or services to the
same
III. Suppliers
provide the raw materials the organization uses to produce its output
I. Environmental uncertainty
Lack of sufficient information about environmental factors; influences understanding and predicting
environmental needs
2. inter-organizational partnerships
- reduce boundaries and increase collaboration with other organizations.
Adaptability culture
- characterized by values that support the company’s ability to interpret and translate signals
from the environment into new behavior responses.
Achievement culture
- results-oriented culture that values competitiveness, personal initiative, and achievement.
Involvement culture
- culture that places high value on meeting the needs of employees and values cooperation
and equality
Consistency culture
- values and rewards a methodical, rational, orderly way of doing things.
- Managers create and sustain adaptive high-performance cultures through cultural leadership.
- Cultural leaders define and articulate important values that are tied to a clear and compelling mission, which
they communicate widely and uphold through their actions.