Revised for 2015 For the Cambridge English: First for Schools Examination CAMBRIDGE FCE PRAG FILCE—EESTS | | ] L bi | i ii i ce ae HAMILTON HOUSE : English Language Tesching Nicholas StephensPaper 1 Reading and Use of English (1 hour 15 minutes) Reading and Use of Englishie Part 1 For questions 1-8, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). Example: 0 A scales B feathers © hair D fur ja Bc D Show me the honey! With its rather dull-coloured (0)... the honeyguide looks like an unremarkable bird. However, the behaviour of one oF two (1)... Of this bird, is quite astonishing. The greater honeyguide, for example, (2) suse helps villagers who make a living from gathering honey to find the bee hives where the sweet | substance is produced. | When the bird sees the villagers approaching, it calls to them repeatedly to attract their (3)... After they have spotted the bird, it (4) ....... them slowly, calling continuously to make sure it remains clearly Visible, to the nearest hive. After gathering all the honey they need, the villagers leave some honeycomb, which the bird cannot get by itself, as a reward for the honeyguide’s (5)......... assistance. They believe that this is not only fair but itis also a (6)........ they will receive help on their next search. Although it takes time for bees to (7)......... a productive hive and villagers arrive frequently, the bird can always guide their human partners to one with plenty of honey in it. This is because research has shown that the honeyguide knows the (8)........ of every single hive in its habitat, which can be up to 250 square kilometres in area. 1A kinds B sorts C species D. types 2 A really B actually C surely D precisely 3 A concentration B_ notice focus D attention 4 A leads B drives indicates D. finds 5 A valuable B worthy © expensive D_ precious 6 A certainty B_ warranty C guarantee D_ promise 7 A putup B setup C get together D_ bring out 8 A foundation B location © spot D constructionFor questions 9-16, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use only one word in each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). Write your answers in capital letters. Example: [0[O]F More than just a toy Most parents nowadays understand the importance (0)... . giving their children toys that not only entertain but also educate. It seems that playing for playing's sake is no longer enough in the race to provide their child (9) ....0nneen everything. . learn to walk before their first .. one thing ‘As we all know, children develop differently. For instance, (10) ... birthday, whereas others are still crawling at eighteen months. However, they all (11) in common: curiosity. It’s this thirst for knowledge which makes educational toys so valuable. As long as a toy is chosen wisely according to the child's age and ability, the child will be able to learn from playing with (12). 2 Educational toys are effective because they help to create an environment where children enjoy themselves while learning at the (13) time. ‘Children can also improve their physical skills (14) as balancing or kicking a ball, their language skills when they interact with other children and even their mental skills as they learn not only colours and numbers, but how (15)... solve puzzles and improve their concentration. OF course (16) ....:..... Main benefit of educational toys is that, because the children are having fun, they don’t even realise they are learning.GEC en sie ee ee For questions 17-24, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to form a word that fits in the gap in the same line. There is an example at the beginning (0). Write your answers in capital letters. Example: [O[U[N[A[WIA[RIE Paper 1 Reading and Use of English Very few people nowadays are (0)... UNAWARE... of the health hazards connected with the sun. We are always being told that (17) . from the sun's rays is necessary all year round and not just in the summer as we (18) ‘thought. The hours that are generally considered to be the most (19) . are those between 11 am and 4 pm, and we are advised to stay out of the sun completely if we can. Of course this is sometimes (20) . but there are a few things we can do t0 (21) enn that we don't get, sunburned. Firstly, we should always wear sunscreen. Even in the shade, the sun’s rays can (22). damage our skin. Secondly, a hat will protect our head and neck just as a good pair of sunglasses will protect our eyes. Thirdly, wearing light-coloured clothes will also protect our skin to some extent, Sun (23) should without doubt be a part of all our lives and the 24)... leam at an early age. fit is something that children should be encouraged to The dangers of the sun =e ‘AWARE PROTECT ONE DANGER POSSIBLE SURE EASY SAFE IMPORTANT [9]Paper 1 Reading and Use of English FEN Ene Ue ae For questions 25-30, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the frord given, Do rot change the word given. You must use between two and five words, including the word given. an example (0). ‘Apart from the bus driver, everyone on the bus was taken to hospital after the accident. ‘ONLY The bus driver was the ..... 0 . taken to hospital after the accident. ‘The gap can be filled by the words ‘only one not to be’, so you write: [D]_ ONLY ONENOTT0 BE Write the missing words in capital letters. 25. Things won't improve if you worry about the money you lost. USE It about the money you lost. 26 With so much work to do, we didn’t have time fora break. THERE We would have had time for a break 1 less work to do. 27 ‘if |were you, Jamie, I'd carry on playing international football for another year or two,’ said his manager. ADVISED Jamie's manager .. nal football for another year or two. _.. up playing intern 28 Although Carmen has done well in her exams, she probably won't get into a top university. SPITE Carmen probably won't get into a top university .. well in her exams. 29. |'m sure that Paul will do well in his new job. DouBT tam that Paul will do well in his new job. 30 Scientists think that the universe is four-and-a-half billion years old. THOUGHT It of the universe is four-and-a-half billion years. f]GET ‘You are going to read an extract from a novel. For questions 31-36, choose the answer (A, B, C or D) which you think fits best according to the text. As the first guests arrived at the house, our mother became visibly more anxious. Although I knew her stomach must have been tied in knots, making her feel sick, it was the slight tremor in her voice and the unsteadiness of her usually still hands that gave her away. Without wanting to, I found myself looking back on similar occasions when she and my father had thrown extravagant parties for friends and family or for my father’s many business associates. Always the perfect hostess, she threw parties which were inevitably glittering social events. She hired caterers to keep everyone’s plates full and glasses topped up and musicians to provide music for dancing, What made herstand out, though, was that she never forgot a face and mingled so that each of her guests felt important. No one could have faulted her. But since my father’s death, things had been different. She was a shadow of the woman she had been, unrecognisable, She had gradually withdrawn socially and in spite of her friends’ efforts, she had lost contact with everyone except her immediate family, But I reminded myself that that was the past and that things were about to change and to change for the better. ‘A number of years had passed and we were all grown up; each with a family of our own to raise. My sisters had moved abroad while I had chosen to remain closer to home and, due to our busy lives, the years had slipped by unnoticed. However, this year was going to be the first time in a long time that we would all be together for the festive season, For that reason alone, the timing was perfect; we could organise a New Year's Eve party under the pretence of us all being together without my mother realising our ulterior motive: to remind her that she still had alife to live. I knew she would not be very receptive and at first she had refused point blank. Then she had come up with all kinds of excuses, but eventually even those had run out. It had taken months of gentle persuasion on my part to get her to reluctantly agree to it. As she slowly became involved in the planning, I began to see glimpses of the mother we had known so well: the sound of her laughter, the look on her face as she decided who to invite and what entertainment to provide. And now here we were, my mother, sisters and I, ready to welcome the first guests. The house was brightly lit, the caterers had laid out the buffet and the band was playing in the background. Everything was perfect. I turned to look at my mother as she stepped forward to greet them. ‘Olivia and Brian, how lovely it is to see you again. It's been such a long time,” she said. ‘Won't you come in?’ As more of our friends and family arrived, I could see my mother blossom. She hacin't lost her touch, Later in the evening, once the food had been cleared away and the dancing had started, everyone seemed to be having a wonderful time, and my sisters and I looked on with pride and more than a little relief while our mother mingled with her guests as she used to. I suppose it was understandable that we had wondered whether we were doing the best thing, or the worst thing by forcing our ‘mother into such a situation. Finally the evening ended and as we cleared away the last of the glasses, my mother spoke. “That was a quite an Ik your father would be proud of us, don’t you?" evening,’ she said. ‘Tt line 2431 32 33 34 35 36 Paper 1 Reading and Use of English How could someone tell that the writer's mother was anxious? A She looked unwell B Her stomach hurt. Her hands were shaking. D__ She couldn't speak very well What made the writer's mother the perfect hostess? ‘A the food and drinks she served her ability to remember who each of her guests was C__ the entertainment she provided D the fact that her parties were so extravagant What was the real reason the writer and his sisters organised the party? A The family would all be together again B They wanted their mother to start living a normal life again. C They wanted to celebrate the New Year. D_ They hadn't had a party for a long time. It took the writer a long time to A arrange the New Year's Eve party. B convince his mother she should throw a party. C get used to his mother's excuses. D__ get his sisters to come home. What does the word ‘them’ (line 24) refer to? A. the caterers, B the band the first guests D_ my sisters The writer and his sisters felt relieved at the party A because it was obviously going well. B because they had worried that their mother wouldn’t cope with it. C _ because everyone seemed to be enjoying themselves. D__ because the dancing had finally started. TEST). ona]as FEET eae sean Paper 1 Reading and Use of English You are going to read an article about Lego, the well-known plastic building bricks. Six sentences have been removed from the article. Choose from the sentences A-G the one which fits each gap (37-42). There is one extra sentence which you do not need to use. CEG For Lego fans around the world, 28th January 2008 was a very special day indeed. It was the 50th birthday of a toy that transformed the toy industry and the playrooms of many boys and girls. Who would have imagined that children, and very often adults if truth be told, would get so much pleasure from these small interlocking plastic bricks? Anyone who has ever played with Lego will tell you that the feeling of that perfect snap as the pieces fit together is, unique and above all satisfying. But the genius in Lego lies not only in the way the simple pieces lock together, but also in the effect it has on girls and boys alike while they play. [37[_] Children can literally build anything their heart desires when presented with a bucket of Lego. ly versatile and almost indestructible, Lego has been part of many families for what seems like forever. [B8[_] Chitdren play with bricks that once belonged to their parents and perhaps even their grandparents. The longstanding success of the Lego brick led to it being voted Toy of the Century by both Fortune Magazine and the British Association of Toy Retailers just before the millennium. So who was it who came up with this simple but brilliant idea? [39] _] In 1932 he established a company in Denmark in the unknown town of Billund, Not knowing what to call his company, he decided to run a competition amongst his employees. In the end, however, it was Christiansen himself who put forward the word Lego and thereby found the name of the company. Cleverly, the name comes from the Danish words “leg godt’ which ‘means ‘play well’ A few years after the Lego company was set up, Christiansen discovered a new material for toy making: plastic, and in 1949, the world’s first Lego brick was sold. [40] _] In 1958, Ole Kirk's son, Godtfred Kirk, filed the patent of the amazing interlocking bricks; they it together tightly and yet can be taken apart by a child. A few years later in 1963, Lego bricks started to be made with ABS, a very hard kind of matt plastic that could not be scratched or bitten easily Nowadays, Lego bricks are manufactured in a number of countries around the world, including Denmark and Mexico. [41] _] In fact the quality of Lego bricks is so high that not only will each Lego brick stay firmly connected to any other Lego brick regardless of shape, size or colour, but today’s Lego bricks will stil ft together with a brick manufactured in 1958, Although there are well over 2,000 different Lego brick shapes today, the original Lego brick was red and had eight studs on the top. [42] _] It is this variety that allows Lego fans to build whatever their imagination can dream up: castles, models, and even whole towns!YF A. It then took further years of work to perfect the design. B_ Over the years, different colours were introduced and nowadays, pieces come in all kinds of shapes and sizes. You can buy Lego pieces almost anywhere from toy shops and garages to supermarkets and online stores. D__Itis lovingly passed down from one generation to the next. E _ Itencourages them to use their imagination and it does so in a way that very few other toys do. Christiansen, a carpenter who also made wooden toys. F The answer is Ole G The pieces are produced to extremely high standards and undergo constant controls.Paper 1 Reading and Use of English Reading and Use of English * Part 7 You are going to read an artiole from the people (A-D). The people may be chosen more than once. which four people desoribe the last holiday they had. For questions 43-52, choose Which person received a discount to a local attraction? decided to take up @ new hobby? stayed somewhere that famous people have stayed? suggests booking well in advance? changed their opinion about something? was able to use something at no extra cost? paid more than they had expected? had to do their own cooking and cleaning? learnt a valuable lesson about something? was surprised at the quality of something? a3 a5] [a6] a7) (43 fag) [50] 54ONE; A Karen Drake >, | Last summer, we chose to go for a week toa family-run hotel in the Lake District. It was full- board and ideal for families; just what we'd been looking for. We booked a family room, which had a proper bed for James, who's five, and they provided ‘a cot for Beth, who's nearly one, for free. The staff were friendly and the food was just right - delicious home-cooked meals. Unfortunately, we were very unlucky with the weather, though. It rained solidly for nearly the whole week and we were stuck in the hotel with nothing to do. | won't make that mistake again - next time Ill take lots of the kids’ toys with us! The holiday ended on a good note, though. The weather cleared up on the last day and the sun came out. The hotel recommended we visit a farm that wasn’t too far away and was popular with families, and they even gave us a voucher for some money off the entry price. It was perfect for the kids. They loved meeting the animals and we were able to spend all day there. 4A C Lucy Jenkins I got a really good bonus at work last year and decided to spend it all on a long weekend in luxury. I went to a very exclusive hotel in New York and had the time of my life. The hotel only has fifteen rooms and apparently each one is decorated differently. Celebrities who visit are said to have ‘their favourite that they always request. The hotel is very popular so you have to make your mind up early if you want to be sure of finding a room. | arrived on a Friday night and left on the Sunday afternoon. | spent Saturday out and about in the city; alittle bit of sightseeing and a lot of shopping. Then when I got back to the hotel, I ‘took advantage of the gym and spa they have on site. | even had my hair done at the salon on the top floor. All in all, it cost me a small fortune, and I know | could have found something cheaper that would have been just as good, but it was worth it. B Gary Benton Last year, a friend and I went on a fantastic holiday in the Mediterranean. We fancied going to one of those resorts where there are plenty of water sports and things to do. The hotel looked great in the brochure and there was a long list of activities advertised, so we decided to book a week. We arrived really late at night and being pretty tired after the journey, we went straight to bed. When we woke up and went out onto the balcony, we were blown away by what we saw. Our room overlooked a huge swimming pool and, just beyond it, the turquoise waters of the Mediterranean Sea. We tried a new water sport each day and I found out I was really good windsurfing. Actually I'm having lessons now I'm back in the UK and I'm enjoying every moment. The hotel facilities were excellent and there were four restaurants, each with 2 different cuisine. We got to try a variety of dishes We'd never eaten before. The only thing about the holiday that wasn’t so good was when we were checking out. We'd been charged for some of the water sports. I'd misunderstood the advert and thought that they'd all be free. D Paul Sheffield Last year, my wife, Linda, decided that we would spend a fortnight in a self-catering cottage in Wales. | have to say I wasn't very keen as we've always stayed in hotels. Linda’s parents used to have self-catering holidays, though, and she had been on lots before we met. | always thought self- catering was a bit silly really - why spend money on what seems like home from home? You're supposed to be looked after on holiday, aren't you? Anyway, off we went for two weeks in the Welsh countryside, perfect for outdoor types like ourselves, and | have to admit that | thoroughly enjoyed it. | was astonished at how comfortable the cottage was, much better than | had expected. We really had everything there that we needed and it was nice to be totally independent and not have to worry about what time the hotel restaurant closed, or when the chambermaid would be coming to do the rooms. I'll definitely go on another holiday like that. It was great.Paper 2 Writing (1 hour 20 minutes) ‘You must answer this question. Write your answer in 140-190 words in an appropriate style. 1 Inyour English class you have been talking about friends. Now your English teacher has asked you to write ar essay for homework. Write your essay using all the notes and giving reasons for your point of view. Some parents think they have the right to tell their children who they can have as friends. Is their attitude good or bad? Notes Write about: 1 protecting children 2 having less freedom 9 se . (your own idea)RN write an answer to one of the questions 2-5 in this part. Write your answer in 140-190 words in an appropriate style. 2. You have seen this announcement in an international magazine. A Wonderful Journey Tell us about a great journey you have been on. Describe how you travelled, the things you saw and the people you met. What made the journey so special? We will publish the best articles next month. Write your article, You have seen this announcement in an English-language magazine for young people. Stories wanted We are looking for stories for our magazine. Your story must begin with this | sentence: t It had been raining hard all night, but Alex decided to go into town. Your story must include: * flooded roads | *arescue Write your story. 4 You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen friend. Thave to do a. project about making ny school more environmentally friendly, and I remember you telling me that your sehod won an award for this. Can you tell me what your school has done to become so environmentally friendly, how the students and teachers have achieved this and whieh changes have been | most successful? Pease write soon, kim Write your letter. 5 Answer the following question based on the set book you have read. Sometimes we are not satisfied with the way a book ends. Describe the ending of the book and say whether you were pleased that it ended that way, or whether you would have preferred a different ending. Write your essay. [8]| Paper 3 Listening ened) Questions 1-8 You will hear people talking in eight different situations. For questions 1-8, choose the best answer (A,B or C). 1 You hear a radio traffic announcement. ‘Why has Bishop's Road been closed? A There has been an accident. B A pedestrian bridge is being installed. C There are delays expected. 2 You hear two people talking about the weekend. Where is the man taking his son on Saturday? A to the airport B tothecinema C_ to the football club You hear a woman talking about her boss. How did she feel before talking to him? ‘A She was calm. B She was worried. She was very angry. | 4 Youhear aman talking to a shop assistant. i] What is he describing? i) A ajacket B asuitcase ! € _apair of trousers 5 You hear two schoolchildren talking about a school trip they went on recently. What did they both enjoy? A the meerkats B the monkeys C the insects 6 Atarestaurant, you overhear two people talking. Why does the man order the fish? A. He's eaten it before. B He likes to try new things. C He wants something healthy. [ 7 You overhear a man talking on the telephone. | What is he doing? A. He's apologising, B He's giving advice. He's giving a warning, 8 You hear a man being interviewed about a cycling club. What reason does the man give for its popularity? ‘A The club members are very friendly. B Cycling helps people keep fit and healthy. The club is good for families. [=](pene ee Questions 9-18 ‘You will hear an interview with a woman called Linda Hughes who works at a museum. For questions 9-18, complete the sentences with a word or short phrase. A MUSEUM Linda Hughes is going to tell isteners about the 9] Museum. ‘The money to fund the museum was received from the national lottery in 10) The museum building used to be 14 Linda mentions the exhibition on 72] in the ‘World View’ gallery as an example of an exhibition that is not permanent. 73). The gallery where you can learn about the history of the planet we live on is called help to make the museum popular with visitors. Linda says that the 14] The exhibition that Linda likes best is a 15] that visitors walk on. 16]. More information about the other events held at the museum can be found Entrance to the museum is 17). 18| On Thursdays, museum opening hours are 10 am toPaper 3 Listening Questions 19-23 You will hear five extracts in which different people are giving their opinion about films they have seen recently. For questions 19-23, choose from the list (A-H) the opinion that each person has. Use the letters only once. There are thr extra letters which you do not need to use. A The dialogue didn’t seem very natural. | couldn't understand the plot at all | knew it would be good because of the cast. 'haven't seen such a good film for a long time. It was the best film I've ever seen. | was expecting the film to be better than it was. The whole experience was disappointing. Idon’t usually enjoy this kind of film. Speaker 1 Speaker 2 Speaker 3 Speaker 4 Speaker 5 19] 20) 21 2] 23}‘Questions 2: 0 You will hear an interview with Lucinda Mowbray who owns a local bed and breakfast. For questions 24-30, choose the best answer (A, B or C). 24 25 26 a 28 29 30 How do bed and breakfasts differ from small hotels? ‘A Guests stay in the owner's home. B Guests get breakfast in the morning, C Guests can’t choose how long they stay for. How did Lucinda feel when she found out she had won the award? A She felt excited. B She was proud. C She was surprised. How did Lucinda get the idea for a bed and breakfast? A She had always wanted to run one. B Her children suggested it. Her husband said something one morning. Where did Lucinda get the money from to start the business? ‘A Her bank manager gave it to her. B_ She had the money already. C She borrowed the money. How do the guests find out about Lucinda’s bed and breakfast? A They see one of her advertisements, B They are told about it by people who have stayed there. C Local businesses tell them about it. ‘What do Lucinda’s guests all have in common? A. They want somewhere cheap to stay. B They want to be made to feel at home. C They want somewhere convenient. ‘What does Lucinda say is one of the problems with owning a bed and breakfast? A She and her family are never really on their own. B__ She has no one to help with the running of it. C She argues with her family more often because of i 26) 27] 28) [29] [30]Paper 4 Speaking (14 minutes) Ask and answer the following questions. (About 2 minutes) + How often do you eat out? What kind of places do you go to? + Do you ever cook food for yourself, your friends or your family? + Doyou think your diet is healthy? (Why2/Why not?) + Do you believe you get enough exercise? (Why?/Why not?) + How interested are you in sport? Part 1 Outdoor activities 2 Eating out Candidate A, the photographs on page 116 show different outdoor activities. Compare the photographs and say what you think the people are enjoying about participating in these outdoor activities, (About 1 minute) Candidate B, would you like to try either of these activities? (About 30 seconds) Candidate B, the photographs on page 116 show diferent places to eat. Compare the photographs and say when you think people prefer eating out in these restaurants. (About 1 minute) Candidate A, which kind of restaurant do you like eating in? (About 30 seconds) Visiting a city ‘A schoo! is organising a day out in the city for al the third-year students, Here are some of the suggestions for what the students can do in the city and a question for you to discuss, Talk to your partner about how interesting a visit to these places might be. (2 minutes) ‘Then decide which two would be the most popular. (1 minute) Ask and answer the following questions. (4 minutes) + How important is it for people to visit museums? + Why do some people who live in the country dislike being in the city? + What can tourists do when they visit the capital of your country? + Do you think cities will continue to grow in the future? (Why?/Why not?) * Do you think you can learn as much about a city from the Internet as you can by visiting it + Do you think too much tourism can be a bad thing? (Why2/Why not?) (Why?/Why not?)Paper 4 Speaking fae amuseum How interesting might a visit to these places be? a shopping mall azoo a theatre an art galleryPaper 1 Reading and Use of English (1 hour 15 minutes) Reading and Use of English Part 1 For questions 1-8, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap. There is an exampl at the beginning (0). Example: oA all B every © special D_ unique JAB SD Sign up and become a member is it that makes people sign Clubs of (0)... kinds have been around for many years, but what (1) .. up to one, or even several? Well, it seems that, although there is a (2) ....... of reasons, there is one thing these people have in common, the need to communicate. Some individuals who have just moved to an area where they have no (3)... family or friends will a club for social reasons. Other individuals who already have friends may want to meet up regularly with people who not only share a (4) interest but also want to cultivate that interest. Then there are those clubs people join for professional reasons with a (5) ...... to advancing their careers. Again, communication is important because the purpose of such clubs is to allow members to interact with people so that they can share information. in a similar line of (6) Communication is also central to clubs that provide a service to the community. It is (7) ........ accepted that people working together as a group will, more often than not, be more effective than individuals working on their own. Therefore, clubs made up of people who are committed to helping others all rely on communication among their members to (8) ... .. SUCCESS. 1 A exactly B simply © truly D_ basically 2 A choice B variety C selection D difference 3 A tight B relative near D_ immediate 4 A public B same C usual D common 5 A need B view C desire D reason 6 A work B_ living C occupation D job 7 A widely B deeply © broadly D highly 8 A achieve B influence reach D assume [3]| | | Paper 1 Reading and Use of English Reat ear e For questions 9-16, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use only one word in each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). Write your answers in capital letters. example: [O]L] 1 [KE The most important meal of the day "Breakfast like a king, lunch like a prince, dine (0).......HUKE....... a poor man.’ This saying means that you should eat a big breakfast, a smaller lunch followed by a light dinner and it is supported by research that has shown those (8) .0.-mnvn @at a healthy breakfast made up of cereal or fruit and yoghurt, for example, are generally healthier and more likely to be slim. Most people know that breakfast is the most important meal of the day, but if that is the case, then why do $0 (10) ...e.ssn:sun OF US Skip it? Some say they miss breakfast because they are trying t0 (11) -.m...mnnx Weight and others think they don't have time for it. The problem is that people who don't eat breakfast or eat very little are more likely to feel (12) ... mid-morning and reach for a sugary snack or a chocolate bar. Eating breakfast sets you up and gives you the energy to cope (13) . the events of the day ahead. Without breakfast, your energy levels decrease and you will be less able to concentrate because (1a) energy levels fall, your body slows down and a feeling of tiredness will follow. So, if you really don’t have time to breakfast like a king or you don’t feel (15) ... eating before you leave the house, then here's my advice. (16)... -» Sure you have healthy snacks at work or in your school bag. That way you won't be tempted by those sugary snacks and you'll be able to wait til lunchtime.Readingland Use of Englishils|Part 3 For questions 17-24, read the text below. Use the word given in c« Kew Garclens Although Kew Gardens is often overlooked by many overseas (0) to London, it is regarded by some a7 .». 8 a place worth seeing over and over again, Now over 250 years old, this UNESCO World Heritage Site is home to the world's largest single collection of (18). plants. As there are more than seven million specimens to care for and study, a large proportion of (19) . at Kew are gardening staff and scientists. For those who are not (20) enough to explore the gardens alone, there are other staff who give guided walks (21 a day. Highlights of the walk usually include a visit to the hot and humid Waterlily House and the treetop walkway which offers (22)... views from eighteen metres above ground. IF walking long distances is out of the question, Kew Gardens provides an excellent (23) .. in the form of road trains which are powered by gas so that pollution is minimal. The journey is accompanied by a commentary given by the driver who makes sure his passengers are kept (24) .... incredible diversity of the plant life on view. informed about the visit TOUR LIVE EMPLOY ADVENTURE Two SPECTACLE ALTERNATE FULLPaper 1 Reading and Use of English Gee ee Mee Tes For questions 25-90, complete the second sentence to that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between two and five words, including the word given. Here is an example (0). Example: 0 Myhouse is quite near my school. AWAY Io .. rom my school. The gap can be filled by the words ‘not live far away’, so you write: 0] NOT LIVE FAR AWAY. Write the missing words in capital letters. 25 According to the weather forecast, it will stay dry at the weekend. ‘CORRECT If the weather forecast ... 1 No rain at the weekend. 26 I'mafraid we'll have to leave without Darren. walt I'mafraid we .. . Darren any longer. 27. Sheila moved suddenly and that’s why the lion attacked. CAUSED It was 2 the lion to attack. 28 The bus will be here any minute, so it's too late to go back for your mobile phone. ENOUGH You do .. any minute. to go back for your mobile phone because the bus will be here | 29 It’s the guards’ job not to let the prisoners escape. | PREVENT The guards are there 30. There wasn’t much work to do, so we took a break. TIME If we had had a lot of work to do, we .. . for a break.Reading and Use of English * Part 5 You are going to read an article about the Eden Project, a visitor attraction in south west England. For questions 31-36 ‘choose the answer (A, B, C or D) which you think fits best according to the text. Tine7 Paper 1 Reading and Use of English The Eden Project I knew I was in for a treat on my trip to the Eden Project in Cornwall, I'd heard that it had already won multiple tourism awards and was sometimes referred to as the Eighth Wonder of the World. 'd also read that it offered much more than just an enjoyable family day out, but what nothing can prepare you for is the sheer scale of it. Eden is housed inside two enormous structures known as ‘biomes’. ‘These consist of a number of connected domes that visitors walk through and that, when put together, make up the world’s largest greenhouse. As I found out, one of them simulates the rainforests of the tropics and the other, a more Mediterranean climate, There is also a large outdoor area where other plants grow in the open a As walk through the tropical biome, shedding layers of, clothing, I find it hard to remember that I'm actually still in the chilly UK. It’s 30 degrees Celsius, the atmosphere is heavy with humidity and I'm dwarfed by the huge trees that create a leafy canopy above me. I spot bananas growing high above me and closer to the ground huge cocoa pods. A little further on and there is a waterfall, refilled with rainwater that falls on the domes. Built to mark the millennium, Eden quickly became a popular destination and several million people are said to have visited it since it opened fully to the public in March 2001. It is certainly an ideal place for be inspired by the world around them. However, the Eden Project is also an educational charity. A wealth of .. Much more than a family attraction, as reporter Janice Stokes found out « classes, events and resources are provided to encourage ‘young people to learn about the natural world. Students irom schools, colleges and even universities visit the Eden Project throughout the year to find out about a wide range of subjects such as biology, science, architecture and so on. Admirably, Eden also works jviduals who are socially excluded, including prisoners, disabled people and the homeless. Activities that will give such people life skills and the opportunity of being accepted back into society are offered. For those who are unemployed, there are special schemes to teach them the skills necessary to find paid employment, ‘As you might expect, Eden operates in the greenest possible way. During the first few weeks of construction, I learn, it rained every day and so the site became waterlogged. Engineers had to come up with a way of draining all this water and they did, The system they devised is still in operation and the water collected is, used to water the plants there among other things. It has been estimated that about 50 percent of the water, needed by Eden is collected in this way. Reducing the amount of waste produced at Eden is also high on their list of priorities. They recycle as much as possible; even leftover food becomes compost which is used to fertilise the soil the plants grow in, ‘There is a recycling plant on site, where rubbish is sorted out and as much as possible is recycled or reused, and any products that do have to be bought in are made from recycled materials if possible. i32 33, 34 35 Paper 1 Reading and Use of English According to the writer, what is surprising about Eden? A how many awards it has won B how much visitors enjoy it Chow bigitis Dhow many families go there What is a ‘biome’ (line 7)? A adome-shaped room B akind of greenhouse C part of the rainforest D_ anoutdoor area ‘Why does the writer forget she is in England? A. She is walking beneath very tall trees. B She sees bananas and cocoa pods growing, C She comes across a waterfall. D_ The temperature is higher than she is used to. In paragraph 3, the writer expresses respect for the fact that Eden A tuns programmes for disadvantaged people. B educates students of all ages. € gives unemployed people jobs. D__ inspires the people who visit it. Engineers designed a water drainage system because A they needed to water the plants. B the building site had flooded. C they couldn't afford the water that was needed. D they wanted to help the environment. What happens to the waste that is produced at Eden? A Itisall sent for recycling. B_ It is made into compost and put on the plants. tis separated and dealt with in different ways. D_ Itismade into recycled products.Reading and Use of Eng! GET Paper 1 Reading and Use of English You are going to read an article about J. K. Rowling and Harry Potter. Six sentences have been removed from the artic! Choose from the sentences A-G the one which fits each gap (37-42). There is one extra sentence which you do not ne touse. When Harry Potter first came on the scene, some people argued that le was just a phase, a fashion that would pass. How wrong they were. The character that took children’s fiction and the British film industry to another level touched people's hearts in a way that few others have. J. K, Rowling came out of nowhere. Born in 1965 to Her English parents, she had a younger sister called childhood was fairly normal and she wrote her first story at the tender age of six. [37] _] Although she would rather have done English, she did get to spend a year in Paris. According to the author, the idea for Harry Potter came to her unexpectedly back in 1990 while she was on a long train journey. She didn’t happen to have a pen with her, so just sat and thought about the main character, this young boy who had no idea he was a wizard. [38] _] While she was writing the manuscript, she lived in both Manchester and Portugal and had her first child, In 1994, unemployed and back in England, she finished the manuscript and found an agent to represent her. Incredibly, Rowling's first book, Hany Potter and the Philosopher's Stone, was initially turned down by a ‘The initial response number of publishers. [39| was positive and Rowling received glowing reviews. The “s Stone, American version, Hany Potter and the Sorcer KX, Rowling and| Harry Potte: and Rowling was published in the US the following y was paid more than $100,000 for the rights. Her second book, Harry Potterand the Chamber of Secrets, was published in the UK in the summer of 1998 and the American version in 1999, Her fans were hooked. The five Harry Potter books that followed were published over a number of years. [40[_] In fact, a number of her books became the fastest selling books in history the series, Harry Potter and the with the seventh one Deathly Hallows, breaking all records. Over 11 mi copies were sold in the first 24 hours after its publication. fon Some people criticise Rowling's talent, saying that there are problems with the plot in some of her books and that the later ones are lacking in new ideas, 41 _] Translated into more than 65 languages, over 4400 million Harry Potter books have been sold worldwide, The film versions made millions if not billions of dollars at the box offices and the Harry Potter merchandise is an industry in itself. She must, therefore, have something. Having just seen the release of the final film, Hany Potter and the Deathly Hallows (Part 2), T have to ask the obvious question. [42] _] 1 doubt it. Rowling has created a site, www.pottermore.com, an online reading experience where fans can actively participate in, share and rediscover the stories they love so much. [22]Paper 1 Reading and Use of English ‘They were eagerly awaited by her fans and each one in turn became a best seller. 8 It was finally brought out in the UK by Bloomsbury Children’s Books in the summer of 1997. However, the numbers speak for themselves. D_ When is the next Harry Potter book due to come out? E After leaving school she went to university, where she studied French. F Is it time to wave goodbye to the wizard who changed the life of his creator? G She started writing that same night when she arrived home.ETS ae Reat You are going to read an article in which four people talk about moving house. For questions 43-52, choose from the people (A-D). The people may be chosen more than once. Paper 1 Reading and Use of English Which person (people) took a long time to unpack their belongings? moved to a smaller property? was influenced by one of the rooms? was the first person to live in the property? has reduced the amount of time spent commuting? mentions that the house was cheaper than they had expected? needed more space for their growing family? wanted quieter surroundings? found out about the house from a colleague? bought a property that needed a lot of work? a3} a5) [46] a7] ag) 50) 51 52]| | Paper 1 Reading and Use of English | fl MOVING HOUSE We asked four people to tell us about their experience of moving house. Here's what they told us. AA) (Gloria Hillsworth My husband and | had lived in our previous house for almost 30 years and raised our family there, so it had a lot of memories for us. It was quite difficult to make ‘the decision to leave. | think what helped is that my husband retired last year and of course the children have all grown up and flown the coop, so a five- bedroom property became unnecessary. It seemed silly to stay there when you think of how much it was costing each year in bills and maintenance. We also wanted to move toa village and away from the hustle and bustle of @ town, so this suits us very well. People are so friendly; we've settled in really quickly. Another advantage is that everything is within walking distance, so we hardly ever need to get the car out. It's the first time we've lived in a place like this - brand new. It's quite a strange feeling, really, to know that there's no history to it. B| /Amanda/Jones' Moving here was a big step for us. Even though we'd moved a number of times, this is the first time the place will actually be ours. We felt we'd delayed enough and that it was time to get our foot on the property ladder. Jack, my husband, had been saying we should for ages, but | was a bit reluctant. We'd looked at quite a lot of houses in this area before we found this one, but none of them was really what we were looking for. Then Jack was speaking to one of the secretaries at work and she told him about this house. It sounded ideal, so we went along to the estate agent and they arranged a time for us to view the property. We fell in love with it immediately. It's just perfect. The garden’s large, there are four bedrooms, each with plenty of cupboards, and the kitchen’s big enough to have a family-sized table in where we can all eat together. Our third child's due in a couple of months, so we really needed to move. The last place was getting so cramped. © |Michael Sherwen I'm very pleased with our new flat. | used to have a long journey to work, but that's been halved now. That's partly because the office is closer, but also because the public transport is much better in this part of town. It's really made a difference to my day. And because my fiancée sees more of me now, she’s happy too. We'd both been renting before, so it was great that we found this place so quickly. The move itself was hard work. | took a couple of days off work, but Ihave to say I didn’t realise how much stuff we'd accumulated and we seemed to be sitting amongst boxes and crates for weeks! It’s all been put away now, thank goodness, or thrown away. We got rid of quite a lot of our things because we ended up with two vacuum cleaners, kettles, coffee machines and so on. We'll also be getting married next year and we want to make a fresh start. D (Helen McFarlan I'd had known about this house for years. It’s next door to my cousin’s house and | would see it when we came to visit her. I knew how much she'd paid for hers, so when she told me it was for sale, | didn’t seriously consider it. I went to see it out of curiosity really and I'm glad | did. | couldn't believe it was within our budget. The fact that it was run down and badly in need of some repairs put me off in the beginning, but Peter's a DIY fanatic so he jumped at the chance. And then when I saw the attic I changed my mind. It's huge and can easily sleep four or five people. Peter and I both come from large families, so extra space is great for when they stay over.Paper 2 Wi ig (1 hour 20 minutes) Writing)e Part 1 You must answer this question. Write your answer in 140-190 words in an appropriate style. 1 Inyour English dass you have been talking about education. Now your English teacher has asked you to writ i an essay for homework. ‘Write your essay using all the notes and giving reasons for your point of view. PARA DAD ALD ALD AA AR AD Some children go to school where one of their parents isa teacher. Is thisa | good or a bad thing for the children? Notes Write about: 1 having support 2 being watched continuously 3 . (your own idea)Paper 2 Writing Waren Write an answer to one of the questions 2-5 in this part. Write your answer in 140-190 words in an appropriate style. an English-language magazine called TV Extraordinary. 2. You recently saw this advertisement REVIEWS NEEDED! Have you seen a good TV series recently? If so, could you write a review of the TV series you saw? Include information on the main characters, story and the features that make the seties so good and say why you would recommend the series to other viewers of your age. Write your review. This is part of a letter you received from your English-speaking penfriend. like my new house and the town seems nice, but | haven't really made ‘any new friends yet. I'm feeling a bit lonely. Have you got any good ideas about how I could meet people of my own age? Write soon, Chris Write your letter. You have recently had a class discussion about young people having part-time jobs. Your teacher has now asked you to write an essay, giving your opinion on the following statement. Teenagers shouldn't have to work. Their parents should give them whatever money they need. Write your essay. Answer the following question based on the set book you have read. ‘Many books are made into films. Your teacher has asked your class to write an article about whether this book would make a good film. Write an article giving your opinion. Write your article.Paper 3 Listening (approx. 40 minutes) Listening «/Part 1 Questions 1-8 You will hear people talking in eight different situations. For questions 1-8, choose the best answer (A, B or C). 1 You overhear two people talking about their plans for the weekend. What is their relationship? A. They are colleagues. B They are married. C They are friends. You are listening to the weather forecast on the radio. When is it expected to rain? A on Wednesday Bon Thursday C onFriday You hear a girl talking to her father. Where is she going to meet her friend? A at the DVD shop B at thecinema Cat the crossroads ‘You hear two people talking about a film. Why doesn’t the woman want to see it? A The actor isn’t very good. B She's seen the film already. C_It'snot the right kind of film. You hear an advertisement for a new restaurant. What offer are they running at the moment? ‘A reduced prices at the weekends B_ one free dish per person C free birthday parties Ata travel agent, you overhear two people talking. How does the man decide to travel? A by car B by train C byplane You hear a student talking about an exam he's just taken. What does he say about it? ‘A He thinks he's done well. B The exam was harder than he'd expected. The questions were unfair. You overhear a woman talking about a shopping centre that has just opened. How does she feel about it? ed B optimisticPaper 3 Listening Seeker Questions 9-18 ‘You will hear a teacher called Mrs Oldham talking to a group of students and their parents about an upcoming school {rip. For questions 9-18, complete the sentences with a word or short phrase. The students going on the school trip will be travelling to Scotland by coach a ‘The last date for paying the outstanding sum of £150 is 10] . ime, students should be outside the school at a]. So the coaches can leave on 12] Hotel for four nights. students will be staying at 13). Students are responsible for any of their possessions that get [ 14). Students may want to take some money with them to spend on 15] in their hotel room. Students are advised to keep their spending money in the 16] or use an umbrella. If the weather is wet, students should wear a 117] on each day of their stay at the hotel. The students will be provided with a [ 38] Mrs Oldham can be contacted before or during the trip onPaper 3 Listening Questions 19-23, You will hear five short extracts in which people are talking about a job interview they have recently had. For question: 19-23, choose from the list (A-H) how each person feels about the interview. Use the letters only once. There are thre extra letters which you do not need to use. AI think the job might be too challenging. B | wore the wrong kind of clothes. Speaker 1 79) | CI don’t think the interviewer was fair. Speaker 2 a) D__|don’t have the right qualifications for the job. Speaker 3 Ba E | know someone who works there already. Speaker 4 22 t F {don’t want the job after all. Speaker 5 23) | | r i - i G_Imade a mistake during my interview. | I H__ | feel confident | will get the job.Paper 3 Listening PCIe {Questions 24-20 You will hear an interview with a photographer called Peter Lawson. For questions 24-30, choose the best answer (A,B, or ©). 24 When did Peter get back from South Africa? A. about three months ago B about two weeks ago C about one week ago 24] 25 What did Peter find most difficult about his trip? A being away from his family B the heat and the dust C_ the lack of facilities 25) 26 According to Peter, what is essential to be a good photographer? ‘A. qualifications and training B passion and instinct € equipment and technical knowledge 26) 27. Why does Peter mention photojournalism? ‘Aas an example of a glamorous job B because it’s the most competitive kind of photography C to show how difficult being a photographer can be 27] | 28 What does Peter say about photographers? ‘A More than half of them are self employed. B They usually work for a studio or a newspaper. C Most of their time is spent taking photos, 28) 29 What advice does Peter give to listeners who want to be photographers? A. Don't give up too easily. B Start work immediately. € Find another job instead. 29) 30 What does Peter say about the after-school photography club? A. The photographs are regularly published in the local newspaper. B_ It provides him with extra income. C _Allthe teenagers in the club entered the competition. 30)Paper 4 Speaking (14 minutes) Ask and answer the following questions. (About 2 minutes) + How do you spend your free time at weekends? + How do you stay in touch with your friends? + Do you enjoy spending time with your family? (Why?/Why not?) + How often do you have disagreements with your friends? What normally happens after one of these disagreemer + How easy is it for you to make friends? 1 Means of transport 2 Methods of communication Candidate A, the photographs on page 117 show different means of transport. Compare the photographs and say why people choose to travel by this means of transport. (About 1 minute). Candidate B, which of these two means of transport do you prefer? (About 30 seconds) Candidete B, the photographs on page 117 show different ways of communicating. Compare the photographs and say what the advantages of these methods of communication are. (About 1 minute). Candidate A, which method of communication do you prefer to use? (About 30 seconds) Helping the environment and wildlife Imagine that a school's newly-formed environmental group has decided to do something to help the environment and local wildlife. Here are some of the suggestions for what the group can do and a question for you to discuss. Talk to your pariner about how these activities might help the environment and local wildlife. (2 minutes) Then decide which two would be the most effective. (1 minute) Ask and answer the following questions. (4 minutes) + What kinds of wildlife can you see in your country? + How important is itto protect the environment? Why? + Do students in your country learn about environmental issues at school? * Do people in your country regularly recycle all the things they have used? + Why do you think some people don't care enough about the environment or wildlife? ‘+ What do you know about climate change?Paper 4 Speaking nse eae planting trees raising money for a and bushes How might these activities wildlife hospital help the environment and local wildlife? cleaning parks putting bird feeding and beaches stations in gardens recycling waste at schoolPaper 1 Reading and Use of English (7 hour 15 minutes) For questions 1-8, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap. There is an exampl at the beginning (0). Example: 0 A placed B situated © discovered D_ explored ofA BC D Lake Titicaca, which is (0) .......... between Peru and Bolivia, (1) .......... an area of approximately 58,000 square kilometres and lies 3,800 metres above sea (2)........... As it has a maximum depth of nearly 300 metres, large vessels can sail on the lake, making it the highest navigable stretch of water in the world. The water required to maintain its massive volume comes from rainfall and snow that has melted near ‘some of the major mountain (3) ... in the Andes. In all, there are twenty-five rivers that (4) ..... into Lake Titicaca, and as their (5) .......... are so high up in the mountains, the water that reaches the lake is rather cold. . Lake Titicaca and its forty-one islands is a popular holiday destination. The wa the Despite being so (6) ... spectacular scenery, including the lake itself which turns from grey to blue when the sun (7)... gold museum (8) .......... Inca treasures, good food and the hospitable locals all make it a must-visit place for the intrepid traveller. 1 A covers B spreads © extends D. takes 2 A point B edge © shore D level 3 A tips B_ peaks C crests D 4 A drip B roll © flow D leak 5 A origins B_ beginnings sources D. paths 6 A far B remote c away D separated 7 A gets through B turns up C comes out D sets in 8 A having B containing owning D_ consistingPaper 1 Reading and Use of English eet inten User aie ee For questions 9-16, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use only one word in each gap. There is en example at the boginning (0). Write your answers in capital letters. example: [O]8/E]E[N COPY THAT — Ithas long (0) ......BEEW....... known that certain species of bird are capable of reproducing the sounds they hear. Of these species, three are considered to be (9) .. .. better than the rest, but which should be given the title (10) champion mimic? As two of the contestants, the parrot and the mynah bird, (11) .. kept as pets, their ability to repeat phrases and copy sounds from the neighbourhood is well documented. However, these two species are not as impressive as the lyrebird, (12) ... is found in Australia. In one documentary made by natural history film-maker, Sit David Attenborough, (13) ... .. incredible skill as a mimic was revealed. The lyrebird he (14) ....m.neeu ACTOSS WAS able to imitate brilliantly the calls of twenty other species living nearby. Indeed, these imitations Were (15) ......ne..e good that the other species responded to these calls (16) ........- if they had been made by one of their own. Moreover, this particular lyrebird did impressions of car alarms, cameras, electric saws and other machinery.EGET EF For questions 17-24, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to form a wor that fits in the gap in the same line, There is an example at the beginning (0). Example: [oyA[N[x]1[e[t[¥ Paper 1 Reading and Use of English Taking exams Few students would disagree that taking exams causes, (0)... ANXIETY... indeed, the vast majority would probably confirm that an exam period can be one of the most (17) sessed times in a student's life. However, there are ways of making examinations far more (18)... . than they normally are. As with most situations that put (19) on individuals, the key to making exams as (20) as possible is to ensure there has been enough preparation. This means drawing up a revision plan that is both practical and suitable. In order to carry out the plan as (21)... a5 possible, itis necessary to stick to it and resist the (22) .. to postpone revision when friends suggest doing something that seers much more fun than revising. by revision So, all those students who no longer wish to be (23) .. exams need to do is to start doing regular (24)... well before the examination date arrives. ANXIOUS STRESS PLEASE PRESS PAIN EFFECT TEMPT TERROR METHODFor at word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between two and five words, including the word given. Here is an example (0). Example: (0 The council workers removed all the rubbish yesterday. TAKEN Allthe rubbish the council workers yesterday. ‘The gap can be filled by the words ‘was taken away by’, so you write: 0 WAS TAKEN AWAY BY White the missing words in capital letters. 25 "Your television is working perfectly,’ said the technician, WRONG ‘There .. .- your television,’ said the technician. Perhaps Margaret didn’t leave the office door unlocked. MIGHT It Margaret who left the office door unlocked. Nick regrets spending so much money on a laptop. WISHES Nick... such an expensive laptop. We filled our suitcases with clothes until no more could fit in. MANY We put . . could into our suitcases. ‘We can't finish the job on time because we have no help. SOME Ifwe.. be able to finish the job on time. I'm sure Fiona won't admit that it was her fault. BLAME Fiona will definitely put ..-« else for what happened. 1s 25-30, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the (7)Reading and Use of English * Part 5 You are going to read an extract from a book about human behaviour. For questions 31-36, choose the answer (A, B,C oF D) which you think fits best according to the text. Paper 1 Reading and Use of English GUIDE SIGNS Pointing and beckoning — how we show the way. Guide signs are actions that indicate direction. They ‘guide the attention of the onlooker and, as such, they are pointers. When we use them, we do so without giving them any thought as the action we perform seems such a natural thing to do, We have a range of effective guide signs that we can use to communicate with each other. . which is the ‘The simplest guide sign is the “body point only one we share with most other species. In animals, this sign involves turning the body to face the direction from which a noise has come, oran animal is approaching. ‘The action guides other animals to turn and face the same direction even though they might not have heard the sound or spotted the approaching creature. In this case, the “body point’ serves as a warning or an alert Nowadays human body pointing is far more likely to be observed at social gatherings where an important person is present. Those at the gathering who have not seen the person can tell where he or she is from the cluster of people surrounding him or her. These clusters of people can also be seen in the street when a crowd gathers around an accident, for instance. The group of people arranged around a focal point in this manner often provokes a desire in those outside the circle to find out what is happening and this leads to the cluster growing into a crowd, The most common form of deliberate guide sign is the “forefinger point’, When someone stops us in the street to ask for directions, we can provide a verbal answer, but we also accompany our spoken directions with a “forefinger point’ to support our words. Even when finger pointing seems unnecessary, we feel obliged to do it, In those ‘33 countries where finger-pointing is frowned upon, replaced by the ‘head-point’, in which the head is nodded in the appropriate direction so as to avoid the taboo. A variation of the ‘head point” is known as the secretive ‘eyes point’. If we want to warn a friend that another person has entered the room out of the friend’s line of sight, we may glance quickly in their direction, pause with an intense stare for a second and then return our stare (0 our friend again to see whether he or she has understood. The chances are that this procedure will have to be repeated before the friend gets the message since, if it is not performed intensely enough, it may be ignored. Care must also be taken not to perform it too intensely as it may be spotted by the person who entered the room. Indeed, the misunderstandings that can arise from this ‘head point’ have provided material for the writers of situation comedies Although we can use the head to perform guide signs, itis the hand that is the most important human pointer. As with the *head point’ there are also variations on the simplest “forefinger point’. Firstly, there is the ‘hand point’, The difference between this sign and the ‘forefinger point” is slight but significant. If the question refers to a location only, the “forefinger point’ is more likely to be used. If the question refers to the route that should be taken to reach that location, the “hand point’ with the whole hand stretched out, fingers together and thumb uppermost is most often the preferred guide sign. Furthermore, the simple “forefinger point’ can also be extended to indicate distance. When a location is nearby, the forefinger is pointed almost horizontally, but if itis further away, the forefinger is raised slightly. Quite simply, the further away the location is, the higher the forefinger is pointed. These guide signs are some of the most commonly used, but there are mare we can use to communicate with. They are part of a complex world of gestures that allows us to express ourselves without resorting to language. eee ee eee31 32 Paper 1 Reading and Use of English What does the writer say about guide signs in Paragraph 1? A B c D Not everyone pays attention to them. We take them for granted. Communication would be impossible without them. They are the most effective form of communication. Why do people join clusters in the street to form a crowd? A to satisfy their natural curiosity to achieve their desire to belong to fulfill their wish to see someone famous to provide a warning to others What does the phrase ‘frowned upon’ (line 32) mean? A considered an ineffective form of communication regarded as socially unacceptable believed to be old-fashioned thought to be difficult to perform What does the writer say about the secretive ‘eyes point’? A B c D It is intended to make people laugh. Few people know how to do it properly. If itis only done once, it will probably be ineffective. There are several different ways of performing it. Which question will most probably lead to a ‘hand point’? A B c D Where is the nearest bus stop? How far ist to the post office? Which is the best hotel to stay at? How can | get to the train station? What does the word ‘it’ (line 62) refer to? A B c D the forefinger the distance the location the guide signEET Te erate CE Paper 1 Reading and Use of English You are going to read an article about how using the internet can damage the environment. Six sentences have been removed from the article. Choose from the sentences A-G the one which fits each gap (37-42). There is one extra sentence which you do not need to use. Computer WMCST Performing a search on the computer is something we do without giving a thought to the consequences. Yet, according to one study, performing just two searches can require approximately the same amount of energy as: boiling water for a cup of tea. As a result, those two searches can release about 14g of CO, into the atmosphere. Unfortunately, this is only one half of the story as those companies which operate search engines also pollute the atmosphere. In a recent report, it was estimated that the global IT industry generated around 2% of worldwide CO, emissions. [37] _] The reason why internet search providers use so much electricity is that the data centres are incredibly energy intensive since they each contain banks that store billions of web pages, all of which require power to function correctly. Although the leading internet search providers claim they are trying to make computing as environmentally friendly as possible, search engines generate high levels of CO, because of the way they operate. [38|_] It goes to several that are competing with each other to provide the data required, Such servers may be thousands of miles apart. Google, for example, has servers in the US, Europe, Japan and China. [39|_] Therefore, the system they adopt minimises delays and becomes more attractive to the person at the computer. The drawback, though, is that by satisfying the demands of the individual who typed in the search, energy consumption increases. hes) damage) the) planet) As regards individual users, there have been several other studies carried out to determine the quantity of CO, they release into the atmosphere. [40] _] For example, viewing a simple web page generates about 0.02g of CO,, while viewing a site with complex images or videos generates ten times as much. Despite the fact that the studies reach different conclusions, it has been generally agreed that on average, running a PC generates between 40g and 80g of CO, per hour. Such figures have led to comparisons between power consumption for entertainment by westemers and energy poverty in other countries. For instance, the amount of electricity required to maintain a character (known as an avatar) in the Second Life virtual reality game is 1752 kilowatt hours per year. [ai] _] However, when compared to individual power consumption in poorer regions it clearly is as it is just a little lower than what the average Brazilian uses in total over the same period oftime. Since the energy consumption by computers is apparently growing out of a demand for speed, the only way it can be reduced is by examining when and how the internet is used. [42] _] If it replaces those that require less or no energy consumption, it is harmful. Likewise, using Twitter to generate unimportant information to stay in touch with friends is not just fun; it is also environmentally unfriendly. [30]Paper 1 Reading and Use of English This may not seem excessive in itself. The primary goal of any internet search provider is to supply the user with data as fast as possible. When a search is typed in, the request does not just rely on one server. More power is needed to transmit information to and from the internet search providers’ data centres. This is as much as the airline industry releases into the atmosphere. IF internet use occurs instead of activities such as driving, which requires more energy, it is good. Estimates of exactly how much vary according to circumstances.Readingand Use of Englishie Part 7 You are going to read an article in which four people recall their time at secondary school. For questions 43-52, ~ choose from the people (A-D). The people may be chosen more than once. Paper 1 Reading and Use of English Which person/people was disliked by one particular teacher? ignored schoo! rules? ‘was one of the best pupils? found one subject impossible to understand? passed the exams without really trying? was given a warning by the head teacher? tried to avoid going on school trips? got punished for talking in class? was regarded as a source of amusement? had to wear a uniform? a5) [a7] (a8) a9) 50) 54 52|Paper 1 Reading and Use of English = SCHOOLDAYS A. Every time Stephen Cogan hears the expression ‘your schooldays are the best days of your life’, he shakes his head. For him, school was a nightmare and the only day he actually enjoyed was the day he walked out of the gates for the last time. The school he went to was an all-boys school situated ina wealthy suburb. ‘Most of the pupils were from that area, so they looked down on me because | was from a poor area several miles away,’ he explains. This snobbish attitude made Stephen and a couple of other boys from his neighbourhood feel like outsiders, which encouraged them to stick together. ‘They were the only ones | hung around with. Without them | honestly think | would have run away,’ says Stephen. The only good thing about the school was that everyone was dressed the same, which prevented poorer pupils from standing out from the rest. The only occasions when pupils were allowed to put on what they wanted was during visits. ‘Those occasions allowed the richer kids to show off. 'd Pretend to be sick the previous evening in the hope my parents would say | could stay at home,’ he recalls Unfortunately for Stephen, it seldom worked. B Although it's been over 30 years since Jennie Gray left secondary school, she remembers her school days very well indeed. That is probably because she ‘was one of the most popular girls at Kirby High. She had plenty of friends, was always in the top five in every subject and played sports for the school. She also got on well with all her teachers apart from one, a maths teacher called Miss Lee. ‘She seemed to have it in for me from the day I set foot in that school. | never understood why and | don’t think | ever will’ says Jennie. Luckily, it was only in her third year that Jennie had her for maths. However, during that time, she opened her mouth once to ask a friend to lend her a pencil and was made to stay after school despite explaining what had happened. Normally, upils do worst in subjects taught by teachers they don’t take to or who don’t take to them. For Jennie, it was the exact opposite. Indeed, Mr Steele, the head of Miss Lee’s department, described her ability in the subject as exceptional after she'd been accepted by a top university. C__ It must be odd for a pupil to attend a school where a parent teaches, but for Annie Knowles it was particularly strange. Her mother taught biology and her father was the head teacher. In cases where pupils have a parent teaching at their school, they either think they can get away with anything or they work hard and stay out of trouble. For Annie, it was the former. Anything that was not allowed, like leaving the school grounds during breaks, was an invitation to her to do the opposite. As regards lessons, she thought they were all ‘a complete waste of time’ apart from art, for which she had incredible talent. ‘They were either pointless because | just wasn’t interested, or in the case of maths, beyond me because I didn’t have a clue what was going on,’ she remarks. Despite spending most of her time in class sketching on a pad, she managed to get through the year without any failures. This used to cause her parents to wonder how well she could have done in academic subjects if she'd put her mind to it. But now that she’s a successful artist, they've stopped asking the ‘what if?" question. D Ever since he was a young child, Edward Rogers has tried to please others. The trouble is that many people, including several of his secondary school teachers, have misunderstood him and his actions. At school, he'd be the first to raise his hand when a teacher asked a question. He would even beg to be asked to give an answer by saying ‘Please, Sir or ‘Please, Miss’. To some this might sound admirable, but on the majority of occasions, Edward would either give no answer, claiming he'd forgotten, or a ridiculous one, which caused his classmates to burst out laughing. For them, Edward was the class comedian - someone who made lessons less boring. His teachers on the other hand, didn’t share this view. They even approached the headmaster with their complaints about Edward's disruptive behaviour. In response, he told Edward that his behaviour would have to improve if he wanted to stay on at that particular school. 1 53 |Paper 2 Writing (1 hour 20 minutes) ‘You must answer this question. Write your answer in 140-190 words in an appropriate style. 1 Inyour English class you have been talking about appearance. Now your English teacher has asked you to write an essay for homework. ‘Write your essay using all the notes and giving reasons for your point of view. In some schools students are not allowed to wear earrings, certain clothes or have any hairstyle they want. Are school rules about how students can turn up for school fair or not? Notes Write about: 1 school for learning not fashion 2 everyone is an individual 3 sve (your own idea) 54Paper 2 Writing nro Write an answer to one of the questions 2-5 in this part. Write your answer in 140-190 words in an appropriate style. 2. You saw this notice in an English-language magazine called The Tourist. REVIEWS NEEDED! Have you been on holiday recently? If so, could you write a review of the holiday you went on? Include information on the place you went to, your accommodation, the things for tourists to do there and say whether you would recommend the holiday to other people. The best reviews will be published over the coming months. Write your review. 3. You have had a class discussion about relationships. Now your teacher has asked you to write an essay, giving your opinion on the following statement. It is always better to agree than to argue. Write your essay. 4 You have seen this announcement in an English-language magazine for teenagers. Stories wanted We are looking for stories for our magazine. Your story must begin with this sentence: read the text message, got dressed and ran down the stairs. Your story must include: * an accident ‘+a lucky escape Write your story. 5 Answer the following question based on the set book you have read. You have decided to enter a competition announced in your English-language school magazine after seeing this notice. Letters wanted! Imagine you could write to one of the main characters in the book you have read. Write a letter to the character. Comment on his or her actions, ask why they behaved as they did and say what you would have done in the same situation. Write your letter. Do not write any postal addresses.Paper 3 Listening (approx. 40 minutes) Questions 1-8 ‘You will hear people talking in eight different situations. For questions 1-8, choose the best answer (A, B or C)- 1 You hear two students talking about an exam. Why didn’t the young woman do well? ‘A. She wasn’t fully prepared. B She ran out of time. C__ She didn’t read the questions properly. 2. Ata café, you overhear two people talking about work Why is the man unhappy? A He doesn't want any changes at work. B Some of his colleagues have turned against him. C He doesn’t get on with his new boss. 3. You overhear a man telling a woman about an art exhibition. What was his opinion of the exhibition? A. It was better than he'd expected. B It won't appeal to most people. C__Itoffered an unusual experience. 4 Youhear aman and a woman talking about moving abroad. Why is the woman thinking about it? ‘A. Many of her friends have moved away. B A foreign company has offered her a job. She has become bored at work. 5 You hear aman and a woman talking ata train station. What do they agree about? ‘A Its not a good idea to take the train to work. B__It’snot worth moving to make travelling to work easier. C It might be better to get a job closer to home. 6 You hear a man talking about a documentary he saw. What information from the documentary did he find surprising? A. Abite from a poisonous snake can cause great damage. B Snake venom may one day be used in medicine. C__Itis very difficult to find poisonous snakes nowadays. 7 You hear a man talking to a shop assistant. Why can’t the man exchange the pullover? A He doesn’t have the receipt. B It was bought at a reduced price. C He returned it too late. 8 You hear a man and a woman talking about a new friend the man has. Where did he meet his new friend? A. athis brother's party B on public transport C_ inan office at work =|SCPE Questions 9-18 with a word or short phrase. Paper 3 Listening You will hear an interview with an expert on perfume called Peter Dobbs. For questions 9-18, complete the sentences Perfume sales do not depend on the state of the ‘Most people couldn't use perfume in the past because it was too 10| Originally, perfumes were rubbed into [11] after being mixed in oils. Although chemists can make ingredients in the lab, 12] are still used in perfumes. To make 30mI of a perfume called Joy, 73] roses are used. Al [14] is the name given to someone who creates perfumes. The best perfume creators are able to 15] which companies they work with. Ifyou want to make perfume at home, you will need a 16] of ingredients. Peter Dobbs mentions raspberry, 17] and orange as some of the fruit fragrances necessary to make perfume. According to Peter, Helen should not her job before creating a perfume.Wenn ened Questions 19-23 You will hear five short extracts in which peopl ‘choose from the list (A-H) the reason each speal which you do not need to use. A Paper 3 Listening Je are explaining why their teams lost'a match, For questions 19°23, ker gives. Use the letters only once. There are three extra letters Some players weren't feeling well. We only played well for short periods. speaker 1 19 They took us completely by surprise. speaker 2 20] Our opponents kept trying to injure us. speaker 3 Ca] We didn’t play as a team. speaker 4 [22] ‘We had several key players missing. speaker 5 23 The referee made some bad decisions. Everyone performed very pootly.Paper 3 Listening Questions 24-30 You will hear an interview with an expert on keeping bees. For questions 24-90, choose the best answer (A, B or C). 24 More people have begun to keep bees A tohelp scientists in their research. B so that bees can continue to live in Britain. C because it can be profitable, 25. Male bees are forced to leave at the end of the summer because A there isn’t enough space for them. B they eat far too much honey. they are not required any longer. 26 What do bees do during the first three weeks of their lives? A. They perform several different duties. B They do exercises to strengthen their wings. € They learn how to use their sense of smell. 27 When a bee goes back to its hive, it sometimes A celebrates its return by doing a dance. B rests to overcome its tiredness. ee 28 In winter, the bees inside a hive A. often die from the cold. B don’t move far away from each other. C do better if they live in the city. 29. Why do city bees make better honey than country bees? A. Their keepers look after them better. B_ They concentrate on quality rather than quantity. C They can visit a wider variety of flowers. 30 What does Janice say about city bees? A. They aren't as free as country bees. B They can be healthier than country bees. They are slightly smaller than country bees. ss other bees the location of flowers they haven't visited. 24] 25] 26] 28] 29] 30) [53 |Paper 4 Speaking (14 minutes) ‘Ask and answer the following questions. (About 2 minutes) + Could you describe your family home to me? + Isthere anything you would like to change about the area you live in? Why?/Why not? * Would you like to live in another part of your city or another place in your country? Why?/Why not? + Where do you like to study? Why do you like to study there? + What do you plan to study in the future? + What subject do you like to study most? Why? 1 Spending time at a lake 2 Animals as pets Gandidate A, the photographs on page 118 show people spending time at lakes at different timos of the year. Compare the photographs and say what the people are enjoying about spending time at a lake. (About 1 minute). Candidate B, which time of the year would you prefer to spend time at a lake? (About 30 seconds) Candidate B, the photographs on page 118 show people with their pets. Compare the photographs and say why you think the people have chosen to keep these animals as pets. (About 1 minute). Candidate A, which one of these animals would you prefer to keep as a pet? (About 30 seconds) Learning new skills Imagine that a school Is going to start some classes to encourage students to learn new skills that might help them decide on a course of study or a career. Here are some ideas for the classes and a question for you to discuss. ‘Talk to your partner about how useful these skills might be to the students who learn them. (2 minutes) ‘Then decide which two would be most popular: (1 minute) ‘Ask and answer the following questions. (4 minutes) + How difficult i it to get into university in your country? + How do students in your country prepare for university? + Do you think that the schools in your country are good at preparing students for work? (Why?/Why not?) + Do you think that some of the subjects you lear at school are not useful? + Do you believe the school day should be made longer? (Why?/Why not?) + Should students be able to choose what subjects they study at school? (Why?/Why not?)Paper 4 Speaking dtu racee computer communication and programming How useful might these ‘Seammwork skills be to the students who learn them? website design clothes and jewellery design ;]Paper 1 Reading and Use of English (1 hour 15 minutes) ReeClne ear Musi eves) For questions 1-8, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). Example: 0 A sent B invented © discovered D appeared ware D Umbrellas The first umbrellas are thought to have (0) in China about three thousand years ago. (1) modern umbrellas, they were mainly used to offer protection from the sun and were probably made from the branch of a tree with banana leaves acting as a canopy. Another difference between the original umbrellas and those in use today is that they used to be regarded as status (2) ...... for the richest and most powerful members of society. across Europe Itwas not until the eighteenth century that umbrellas really (3) . First, they (4) and after the Industrial Revolution, their numbers grew rapidly to satisfy global demand. Nowadays they are (5) and parcel of life in England, where the changeable weather (6) them more of a necessity than an accessory. Indeed, they have now become so widespread that about 75,000 of them are lost on the tube and on London buses (7) ........ every year! As well as preventing us from getting wet, the umbrella has found its way into our culture. It is considered to be bad luck to open one indoors and it is (8)... believed that the best way to bring rain is by leaving an umbrella at home. 1 1 A Different B_ Besides C Except D Unlike 2 A signs B signals C symbols D states 3 A_ brought out B came up C pulled through D_ took off 4 A expanded B spread C migrated D scattered 5 A piece B letter C type D part 6 A makes B. forces C causes D lets 7 A just B_ uniquely alone D only 8 A highly B absolutely C widely D deeply [a]Paper 1 Reading and Use of English (Ene ENP Seer See For questions 9-16, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use only one word in each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). Write your answers in capital letters. Example: [0] 1 |S Welwyn Garden City In 1920, Sir Ebenezer Howard founded Welwyn Garden City, which (0) wssm.2S.. situated about twenty miles north (9) ... Central London. Although Sir Ebeneezer is often given credit for introducing the idea of creating towns that achieved a balance (10) .. and nature, (1) was, in fact, George Cadburys village of Bourneville, built in 1895, winich actually gave rise to the so called ‘garden city’ model of housing development. son WAS a need to be close -~ planted an apple tree from ensuring that Like George Cadbury, Sir Ebeneezer Howard realised that (12) to nature in all urban developments. Indeed, he is said to (13) in the garden of every original house in Welwyn Garden City. (14) . there would be sufficient green spaces in the town, he wanted to limit its size. He did this by choosing a location for the town that would be surrounded by a permanent belt of agricultural land. Today, with the renewed interest in maintaining ecological harmony, Welwyn Garden City has attracted attention from as far (15) --» a5 Japan. In 2006, Welwyn created (16) ...ssnnessessnnnn @ 00d impression on the visiting representatives of a Japanese building company that they gave a new development near Tokyo the name of Welwyn Garden Village.Reading/and Uselof English\» Part 3 For questions 17-24, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to form a word that fits in the gap in the same line. There is an example at the beginning (0). Write your answers in capital letters. Example: [O]K[N]O[W[N Paper 1 Reading and Use of English SHOPPING TROLLEYS The shopping trolley, or cart as it is (0) .... NOWN. in America, ‘was invented by Sylvan Goldman in 1937. Goldman, who was the an. 1d that his customers had difficulty in carrying their basket when the (18) . of their groceries became too heavy. In an effort to find a solution to the problem, he requested the (1)... of a mechanic and made a prototype trolley from a folding chair, a set of wheels and two wire baskets that were fastened together. .- of a supermarket chain, ni Despite the obvious advantages of using trolleys, Goldman's customers were not (20) persuaded to use them at first. However, they quickly gained (21) . much better they were for moving large quantities of groceries. The once shoppers realised how resulting increase in popularity was so sudden that in 1940 there was . list to get them. a seven-year (22) Since then there have been several (23). . made to the trolley Goldman originally designed. For example, seats where young children can sit (24) _-uns inside the trolley have made supermarket shopping a much more family-friendly experience. know own WEIGH ASSIST EASY ACCEPT wait IMPROVE COMFORTPaper 1 Reading and Use of English | TEST UR Fo ECE as eee en For questions 25-30, complete the second sentence so that It has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between two and five words, including the word given, Here is an example (0). Example: 0 They'll catch the birds first and then they'll clean them, SOON They'll clean the birds caught them. The gap can be filled by the words ‘as soon as they have’, so you write: 0] AS SOON AS THEY HAVE Write the missing words in capital letters. 25 | stopped eating meat when | decided to become a vegetarian. SINCE Thaven't ... my decision to become a vegetarian. 26 It wasn't easy for us to get to the beach on the other side of the island. DIFFICULTY. We ons to the beach on the other side of the island. 27 \hadn’t expected the class to be so interested in genetics. FOUND The class .. Uhad expected, 28 Neither of us stayed to watch the whole film. BEFORE We both... .. of the film. 29. Marion is nothing like her mother. TAKE Marion her mother at all. 30 Why weren't you taking any notice of what your teacher was saying. SHOULD You. attention to what your teacher was saying.eerie en Mem sitar) Seeing ourselves in the virtual world can be beneficial, but it may also have a dark side. Alan Rogers reports. ‘As you approach the boarding gate, your heart starts beating faster and you begin to sweat. You begin to panic 2 your fear of lying threatens to overwhelm you, Despite your urge to flee, you continue to move forward in an orderly fashion. So, how did you resist the temptation to leave the airport? The simple answer is by not being there in the first place. You have lived the whole experience through your avatar, an animation that represents you in a virtual environment, In reality, you were never at the airport: you were only there on a computer. However, according to recent research, the experience of watching your digital look-alike deal with anxiety in a simulated airport and board a plane is real enough to help you cope with such 2 situation in the real world. In the virtual world, avatars do not normally resemble those people controlling them. A prime example is the popular virtual set-up of World of Warcraft, in which avalars take the form of dwarfs and elves as well as other mythical beings. However, when digital photographs of users’ faces are incorporated into the avatars, they can look frighteningly like the users themselves. Such avalars are known as ‘doppelgéngers’ and they have powerful effects on us. Indeed, it is claimed that just three minutes spent watching our doppelganger can affect our ability to learn, our behaviour and even our opinions. Given these claims, it would appear thal our identities may eventually become a combination of ‘our real selves and our virtual representations, each inseparable from the other. ‘The power of our look-alike avatars to influence us is termed the ‘doppelganger effect’. Although its potential is now becoming widely recognised, the effect was known ‘and applied well before the digital age through the use of puppets by teachers 0 illustrate the points they wished to put across. The reasons why puppets were effective teaching tools were, however, unknown until scans of Paper 1 Reading and Use of English OUR RELATIONSHIP WITH THE DIGITAL WORLD the brain were used to identify the parts that became active when people talked about both their avatar and their reablife experiences. They tured out to be remarkably similar, meaning we think of our experiences in the virtual world in almost the same way as we view ‘our encounters in the real world. And since we tend to remember personal information more effectively than other kinds, the use of avaiars, especially doppelganger avalars, can be an efficient learning tool Apart from being able to play a role in education, doppelganger avaters could be used to motivate us to adopt a healthier lifestyle. Studies have shown that behaviour can be altered though the use of digital images of ourselves. In a recent experiment, one group of students witnessed their avatars exercising on screen. ‘As the routine progressed, they looked increasingly filer. A second group watched their avatars hanging round doing nothing. In the twenty-four hours following the experiment, the first group were more physically active than the second group, doing more walking and working cutin the gym longer. Although itis unclear how long this effectlasts, there i litle doubt that we do relate strongly fo our virtual selves. While research indicates that the use of avatars can be beneficial to their real life equivalents, it is also recognised that they could also be used to benefit people other than the users. One obvious example of when such manipulation might occur is during an advertisement. By using actors that represent the section of the population the advertisementis aimed at, an advertising agency can get the viewers to imagine themselves using a particular product and increase sales accordingly. It has also been found that the more like the consumer an actor is, the closer the association the viewer feels with the product. This finding suggests that advertising companies might even use social networking sites like Facebook to get the consumer to make a more personal connection with fan advertisement. In this way @ person’s opinion of @ product can be greatly affected and spending patterns changed or modified, ‘You are going to read a magazine article about the influence the virtual world can have on us. For questions 31-36, choose the answer (A,B,C or D) which you think fits best according to the text. line 4131 32 33 35 36 Paper 1 Reading and Use of English nat an airport? Why does the writer describe the situ A to show how common air travel is B toillustrate how dangerous flying can be € _togive an example of a stressful experience D__toadvise people to avoid things they dislike Which use of the virtual world is described in paragraph 17, A__ playing a role in an online game B_ training people for jobs at airports Casa way of getting airline tickets D aspart of a treatment to overcome fear What conclusion does the writer reach in paragraph 2? A Weill probably spend more and more time playing online games. B We may not be able to tell the difference between the real and virtual worlds. We will not be able to form our own opinions in future. D_ We will never appreciate how much influence the virtual world has on us. What does ‘They’ in line 41 refer to? ‘A people operating puppets B scans of the brain Creal life experiences D__ teaching tools What was the probable reason for the first group of students exercising more? A They realised that hanging round doing nothing was pointless. B They were already fitter than the second group. They were more willing to begin using a new routine. D They saw that their avatars looked better after working out, How can companies increase their sales? A. by getting the public to imagine themselves as people in advertisements B by making their products available on social networking sites C__ by persuading people to use their imaginati D__by completely rejecting traditional forms of advertisingREECE uC MUS yest ieee) Paper 1 Reading and Use of English ‘You are going to read a newspaper article about a difference of opinion regarding potatoes. Six sentences have been removed from the article. Choose from the sentences A-G the one which fits each gap (37-42). There is one extra sentence which you do not need to use. ‘The potato has been part of our diet for over 400 years, so it would be logical to think we know enough about it to incorporate it effectively into our traditional dishes. We certainly know about its versatility: it can be fried, roasted, boiled, baked and mashed. But do we really know what a potato is? . Ever since the To most of us the question is ridiculoy Department of Health introduced its ‘five portions of fruit and vegetables a day’ as part of its healthy eating campaign, we have automatically included it in our diet as one of those five portions. [37] _] In fact, it does not even regard the potato as a vegetable at all. ‘A Department of Health spokesperson defended the Government's decision. ‘The difference in opinion can be settled by examining the categories in which botanis and Government nutritionists place the potato. [38[_] ‘The nutritionists support their point of view by arguing that when potatoes are eaten as part of a meal, they have a different role from vegetables since they normally replace rice, pasta or bread, none of which isa vegetable. Although the Government has justified its exclusion of the potato from the ‘five portions of fruit and vegetables a day’, the potato industry is dissatisfied with the ruling. [39] _] Whether or not this move achieves a positive ‘outcome remains to be seen, The Department of Health n to extend the number of has announced its intent So what is a potato? foods on the five-a-day list, but the inclusion of the potato on the new list is still in doubt. ‘This uncertainty has caused campaigners from the potato industry to try and get support from those dieticians who do not share the views of Government nutritionists. 40] _] The main argument such experts, have put forward is that the vitamin and fibre content of, potatoes is significant enough for them to be regarded as a nutritious option in our meals. “Thereis|ittle doubt that potatoes can be part ofa healthy- eating habit,’ says registered dietician, Janice Laine. ‘A medium-sized potato weighing 5oz with the skin on will provide 27mg of vitamin C, [41] _] Consequently, it compares favourably with better-known sources of vitamin C such as grapes and tomatoes. Apart from vitamin C, such a potato contains vitamin BO, traces of B1 and B2 together with folate, magnesium, phosphorus and zine, all of which are beneficial to our health’, While the Government is prepared to acknowledge that, potatoes can be beneficial to our health, it seems to be unwilling to include them as one of the five portions a day at this time. [42[_] ‘Potatoes contain cartenoids, and natural phenols which are beneficial to the immune system and for fighting cellular damage. As such, they can provide a valuable addition to our diets,” says a Government nutritionist.Paper 1 Reading and Use of English ‘A. There are thousands of varieties of potato grown around the world, but only 80 are grown commercially in the UK. B The former classify it as a vegetable, whereas the latter claim it is a starchy food. C Indeed, itis placing more emphasis on its own campaign to have the potato included on the five-a-day list. D_ The Government, however, has never put it on its recommended list of foods. — This amount equates to approximately half our daily recommended intake. F _ Instead, it suggests that they should be eaten alongside those foods already on the list. G These efforts have been successful as there are plenty who are willing to speak on their behalf.Paper 1 Reading and Use of English GeEtine ures ie ele-nace ‘You are going to read an article about tour people's recollections of preparing for and taking their driving test. For questions 43-52, choose from the people (A-D). The people may be chosen more than once. Which person/people carried something for luck to the test? fa3]_] felt comfortable with the examiner? a4 was extremely nervous before the test? 43 imagined making no mistakes during the test? as didn’t expect the test to be so easy? a7, thought the examiner had been kind? ag had been warned about a particular examiner? EE) was frightened of failing? 50) got the impression that the test lasted a very short time? fa] had an examiner who seemed to be disinterested? 52 [70]Paper 1 Reading and Use of English A. Unlike most people who take a driving ‘est, Sarah Coleman didn’t get much encouragement from her family. They ‘thought she'd be extremely lucky to pass, so they focused on telling her not to worry if she failed. Sarah, however, took little notice because she was sure she could drive well enough to get through the test, an opinion that was shared by her instructor. ‘td recommend him to anyone. He never lost his patience with me, even when | made mistake after mistake and when he was confident I'd pass, he told me,’ says Sarah. When the day of her test finally arrived, she had a two-hour lesson in the morning just before going to the test centre. This is the time when most people begin to get nervous and their nervousness normally reaches a peak when they get into the car with the examiner. For Sarah, though, it was the opposite. ‘My examiner looked remarkably like my instructor, so it felt more like a lesson than a test,’ she explains. Although she was calm she made a number of mistakes, which she thought could allow the examiner to fail her. However, to her great relief, Sarah was informed she had passed by an examiner she describes as having been both ‘helpful and considerate’ all the way through her test. ‘When the big day arrived, Brian Hall received a small box from his aunt. Inside was a gold coin and a note which read: ‘Make sure you have this in your pocket during the test and everything will be fine!’ Immediately, Brian put it in his trouser pocket. Even though | the coin gave him confidence at first, by the time he got to the test centre, his hands were shaking so much he could hardly grip the steering wheel. He doesn’t remember much about the test itself except that it | seemed ‘to be over ina flash’. Atthe end | of the test, his examiner told him that he'd | done exceptionally well and had made the adjustments necessary for driving in wet ! conditions. When Brian mentioned this to his instructor, he was amazed because that particular examiner had a reputation for being very strict. ! _Assoon as Abbie Thomas found out when she'd be taking her test, she began asking her friends who'd already passed about the examiners at the local test centre. She was told that they were all fair except one, a relatively young woman who apparently seemed to gain pleasure from failing candidates. ‘If you get her, start thinking about a second test,’ they said. As she thought they might be exaggerating, she asked her instructor to confirm her friends’ opinion, Unsurprisingly, he would neither confirm nor deny it. On the day of the test, when her examiner turned out to be a woman in her 30s, Abbie was afraid she wouldn't pass. This thought had a kind of calming effect because she felt there was no pressure on her. What's more, during the test, the examiner appeared to be concentrating more on her nails than on Abbie's driving. The only time she seemed to take any notice was when an old lady stepped off the pavement in front of the car and she was forced to brake. ‘That could have cost me the test,’ Abbie recalls. Luckily, she reacted correctly and she passed. D From the descriptions of the test Wayne Palmer had been given, it sounded like the hardest thing he'd ever do. Even when he pointed out to his friends, most of whom hadn't passed at their first attempt, that he'd been driving on private roads for years, he was told the test was something totally different. This was enough to convince him it would be difficult, even though he knew that he was a much more competent driver than those of his friends who'd already got their license and that he'd get through first time. As his test was about a month after his seventeenth birthday, he had a few lessons with an instructor who gave him some mack tests. Wayne used these to picture in his ind the real test and doing it perfectiy, just like high jumpers do in competition before they jump. The strategy worked and Wayne passed the test, which had tumed out to be ‘nowhere near as hard’ as he'd expected.Paper 2 Writing (1 hour 20 minutes) ‘You must answer this question. Write your answer in 140-190 words in an appropriate style. 1. _Inyyour English class you have been talking about the things students can do during the summer holidays. Now your English teacher has asked you to write an essay for homework. Write your essay using all the notes and giving reasons for your point of view. ADA DARA AAA AAAS Some parents believe their children should work during the summer holidays when they are 16 years old. Is this a good idea or a bad one? 1 gaining work experience 2 having fun in summer Bo (your own idea)Paper 2 Writing Write an answer to one of the questions 2-5 in this part. Write your answer in 140-190 words in an appropriate style. 2 You have seen this announcement in an international magazine. A Great Birthday Tell us about a birthday you celebrated and what made the birthday so special. ‘We will publish the best articles in the next issue. Write your article. 3 You have seen this notice in an international magazine. NATIONAL, PARKS ORGANISATION, We are an international organisation that helps maintain national parks throughout Europe. We need young people to work in national parks and forests during the summer. Accommodation will be provided. Duties will include: + making sure rubbish left by visitors is cleaned up. + counting birds as part of a scientific study. + painting and repairing wooden huts in the parks. Ifyou are interested, write to Mr Brown, stating why you are interested and why you would be suitable for this kind of work. Write your letter of application. 4 You see this advert in an international travel magazine. Reviews wanted Young Tourists We are looking for reviews of the best places young people can visit in your area. Your review should include information about what there is to see and do in these places and say why they would appeal to young people. We will publish the best reviews. Write your review. 5 Answer the following question based on the set book you have read. in your English-language school magazine. You have seen this not Articles needed We often feel a dislike for some characters in books we read. Describe a character from the book you have read that you do not like. Describe the character, his or her personality and what makes you dislike him or her. We will publish the best articles in next month's issue. wi your article,Paper 3 Listening (approx. 40 minutes) Questions 1-8 ‘You will hear people talking in eight different situations. For questions 1-8, choose the best answer (A, B or C). 1 You hear a man and a woman talking about a restaurant he went to. What feature of the restaurant did he like best? A. the service B_ the food C_ the atmosphere 2 You hear a woman talking to her son. Why is she talking to him? A to get him to make a decision B__toencourage him to continue studying to suggest he should live elsewhere 3 You hear a psychologist talking on the radio about bosses getting angry. What does she say about the role of anger in management? ‘A. Anger always has negative effects on employees. B The best bosses are those who shout a lot. C_Anangry boss can get some people to work better. 4 You hear a young man talking about a mistake he made. How did he feel after making the mistake? A embarrassed B sorry C pleased 5 You hear an artist talking about the way people react to new art forms. ‘What does he think about those who do not accept his work as art? A He welcomes their point of view. B He thinks their opinion doesn’t matter. He finds their reaction quite worrying. 6 You hear a woman telling someone about a talk she gave at a conference centre. What does she say about the conference centre? ‘A. The food served there was excellent. B_ There were several paintings in it. C__Itwas difficult to find. 7 You hear two people talking about gardening. ‘Why does the woman think the man’s flowers aren’t growing well? A. They're not getting enough light. B He's watering them incorrectly. C They've been planted in the wrong soil. 8 You hear a man and a woman talking about a diet. ‘What does the man say about the diet he is on? A. Itdoesn’t allow him to eat much B It includes a wide variety of food. CC _Itisn’t helping him to lose weight. caPaper 3 Listening (Seino Questions 9-18 You will hear a radio programme about unusual hotels. For questions 9-18, complete the sentences with a word or short phrase. THORNBURY CASTLE ‘The features inside the hotel associated with castles include large fireplaces, carved ceilings and 9 There is a room in the 10] that costs £500 a night to stay in. t ‘Thornbury castle is located in a [1] which is quite near a motorway. The chef at Thornbury Castle gives [12] at certain times of the year. Herbs and 13] are grown in the gardens around the hotel. Guests who want to go 74] can have a trip arranged for them. Guests can have treatments in their rooms to remove 15| People attending business conferences at the hotel enjoy its private and 16] setting. Visitors can drink tea during the afternoon in front of a 17] on winter weekends. ks Marion would find the [18] more interesting than the other summer events. Martin t [5]Paper 3 Listening Questions 19-23 You will hear five short extracts in which people are talking about childhood memories. For questions 19-23, choose from the list (A-H) what each person says. Use the letters only once. There are three extra letters which you do not need to use. ‘A. Some people like talking about childhood learning experiences. B They probably differ from what parents remember. C It’s never a good idea to think about the past too much. D They affect the way people treat others. E Some people create false memories from their childhood. F Sharing childhood memories can be enjoyable. G Childhood memories are normally the best of all. H_ They can inspire people to become successful. Speaker 1 ‘Speaker 2 Speaker 3 Speaker 4 Speaker 5 79] 20) 24 22] 23]f Paper 3 Listening TEE Questions 24-30 You will hear a radio interview with an actor called Michael Blaine. For questions 24-30, choose the best answer (A, Bor). 24 When is Michael most likely to accept a role he’s been offered? ‘A. when there are other good actors in the film B__ when he is sure of being well paid when it tests his acting ability 24] 25 How does Michzel react to younger, less experienced actors? A. Hes patient with them. B He has been known to get angry. He grows tired of them quickly. 25 26 How were male English actors regarded in Hollywood when Michael began his career? A They were considered unsuitable for certain roles. B They were thought to be frightened of failure. They were seen as not being attractive enough. 26 27. Michael believes that a film is a success when ‘A large audiences go to the cinema to see it. B those involved in making it are truly satisfied. CC itgets great reviews and wins awards. 27] 28 How does Michael start crying during a film? ‘A He uses a technique he doesn’t want to talk about. B He's used different methods throughout his career. C He remembers something very sad 28 29. Which roles does Michael consider to be his best? ‘A those which have well-written scripts B those for which he's received great financial reward C__ those in which he got on well with his fellow actors 25 30 What does Michael say about his future? A He might think about becoming a director. B He intends to achieve many more goals. He wants to carry on acting for as long as possible. 30Paper 4 Speaking (14 minutes) ‘Ask and answer the following questions. (About 2 minutes) + Which subject do you find most difficult? (Why?) + What's your favourite subject at school? (Why do you like it?) + Are you good at any sports? Which ones? + How good are the sports facilities in your area? + How often do you eat out? (Where do you prefer to eat?) + What's your favourite food? Can you cook it yourself? 1 Dressed up 2 Leisure time Candidate A, the photographs on page 119 show people wearing different clothes. Compare the photographs and say why you think these people are dressed up In these clothes. (About 1 minute) Candidate B, how do you prefer to dress? (About 30 seconds) Candidate B, the photographs on page 119 show different ways of spending leisure time. Compare the photographs ‘and say how you think the people feel when they are spending their lelsure time in these ways. (About 1 minute) Candidate A, what's your favourite musical instrument? (About 30 seconds) Opening a shop ‘Afamily with two teenagers want to open a shop. Here are the ideas the members of the family are considering and a question for you to discuss. Talk to your partner about how much business these shops might attract. (2 minutes) Then decide which two would probably be most successful, (About 1 minute) Ask and answer the following questions. (4 minutes) + Would you enjoy helping out if your family had a shop? (Why?/Why not?) + How often do you go shopping? Which shops do you enjoy looking around most? (Why?) + What problems can shopowners face? ‘+ What do you think is the main advantage of owning a shop? + What do you think is the best way for a shop to attract customers? (Why?) + How easy is itto open a shop that will be successful these days? (Why?)Paper 4 Speaking Renae a bookshop How much business might these shops attract? ajeweller's a bakery a clothes shop for teenagers a dry cleaner’sPaper 1 Reading and Use of English (1 hour 15 minutes) GeeUlne en Men si ssi For questions 1-8, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each ga at the beginning (0). p. There is an example B marked © showed — D_ illustrated Satellites October 4th, 1957, (0) ..... the beginning of the history of satellites as it was on that day when the first one was launched. Called Sputnik |, it weighed approximately 80kg, took 98 minutes to orbit Earth and was about the (1) ~...... size as a basketball. The following year, the United States launched Explorer, which (2)... Some important scientific discoveries, including the existence of radiation belts around our planet. Since the late 1950s, the number of satellites orbiting Earth has increased to around 3,000. At first, it was only the former Soviet Union and the US that had satellites in orbit but because the cost of launching a satellite has (3) ...... many other countries have now joined them. Landmarks in the history of satellites (4) Telstar, the first satellite to transmit television (5) ........ across the ‘Atlantic, and Tiros, a series of satellites responsible for global weather observation. Nowadays satellites can be divided into four main categories: communication, Earth observation, navigation and scientific. Communication satellites have made it possible for us to communicate via satellite phones and to (6)... to TV and radio programmes ftom around the world. Earth Observation satellites allow meteorologists to monitor the weather. Navigation satellites have provided us with GPS together with location-based games that are still n the development (7) ....... Last but __ there are scientific satellites that help cosmologists understand space better. not (8) 1A corresponding —B similar C same D_ identical 2 A found B made c had D did 3 A shrunk B reduced C lowered D_ dropped 4 A contain B consist include D_ complete 5 A icons B_ images scenes D_ schedules 6 A tunein B access C receive D_ watch 7 A stage B level © part D_ procedure & A lowest B_ smallest C_ fewest D least 2Paper 1 Reading and Use of English Reading and Use of Engli GET For questions 9-16, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use only one word in each ep. There is an example at the beginning (0). Write your answers in capital letters. example: [0] 1 [N SLO) WILLIAM HOGARTH Do BOFM (0) esesrnedl.. 1697, William Hogarth is widely recognised as one of the greatest English artists of the eighteenth century. At the age of 16, he (9) ... sent to work for a distant relative who had an engraving business. After spending seven years learning everything there was to know about the craft, he set (10) . his own business and became successful almost immediately. Following his success as an engraver, he began to paint under the guidance of Sir James Thornhill, (11)... daughter he married in 1729. His paintings of groups of family and friends surrounded by everyday objects were well received (12) only because they were unusual but because they also reflected his distinctive style. Due to the fact that his work was accepted so readily, he was able to open a painting academy on his (13) in 1735. William Hogarth is mainly remembered for his studies of character through painting portraits and people in crowds, many Of (14) svn . he made fun of by capturing their foolish behaviour in the scenes he chose to paint. Hogarth also played a vital roe in establishing the English school of painting and showed that artists could progress (15) . the financial support of the |, which was previously thought to (16) ... absolutely necessary for any artist to achieve success.Paper 1 Reading and Use of English Geeta eu Wess eset) For questions 17-24, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to form a word that fits in the gap in the same line. There is an example at the beginning (0). Write your answers in capital letters. Example: [O[NJA|T[U[RJA|LIL]Y CAN WE STAY INTELLIGENT? NATURALLY....... slow down, which means that our NATURE ‘As we grow, our mental functions (0 thinking and reaction times become slower. This fact has long been known but there is now ... of brain power is primarily related LOSE "Use it SAY evidence to suggest that the (17)... ; not to age but to inactivity. In other words, it seems the (18) «nn or lose it’ is particularly relevant with regard to our mind and the process of losing intelligence quickly is quite definitely (19) AVOID So, if we wish to remain mentally sharp, what should we do? According to an article published in an American journal, some physical activities have a (20) .. a BENEFIT effect on our mental abilities. However, with the notable (21) ... EXCEPT dancing, such activities do not sharpen our minds significantly enough. As regards other types of recreational activities, reading, doing crosswords and playing chess are unsurprisingly among those which are (22) ......... recommended! HIGH The conclusion reached in the journal article was that making (23) .. DECIDE rapidly is the key to staying mentally alert. Conversely, doing things that require no thought leads to (24) .. which effectively shuts down the part of the brain that is BORED responsible for our intell [a]Paper 1 Reading and Use of English Reat For questions 25-30, complete the second sentence to that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between two and five words, including the word given, Here is an example (0). Example: 0 Jane is not going to wait for John to ask her to marry him any longer. GIVEN Jane 7 for John to ask her to marry him, ‘The gap can be filled by the words ‘has given up waiting’, so you write O]___HAS GIVEN UP WAITING Write the missing words in capital letters. 25 Can't you think of a better idea? CAN Is that the sn up with? 26 Phil couldn't answer all the questions in the test. KNow Phil didn’t question in the test. 27. Harry no longer eats fast food because his doctor advised him to stop. ADVICE Harry has taken his up eating fast food. 28 This is the first time a professional photographer has taken my picture. HAD Sess by a professional photographer before. 29 Please keep quiet when there is an examination in progress. NOISE Please .... . when there is an examination in progress. 30. The party had almost finished when he got there. TIME BY cnn _ at the party, it was almost over. [#3]REE aa sey Part 5 You are going to read an extract from a magazine about animals. For questions 31-36, choose the answer (A, B, C or D) which you think fits best according to the text. The Great Pretenders Between 1848 and 1859, British naturalist Henry Bates and another Briton, Russell Wallace, spent their time studying wildlife in the Amazon rainforest. During that period, Bates observed that local relatives of a common European butterfly called the cabbage white, a member of the pierid family, did not only have the black and white colouring of the European species but also had red and yellow colouration on their wings. The reds and yellows were the samme shades that appeared on a family of poisonous rainforest butterflies called the heliconids. This discovery led Bates to the conclusion that the harmless piers had taken on the colouration of the toxic heliconids to trick predators into not eating them. When Bates defined mimicry in an 1862 publication based on his findings in the Amazon, few biologists were able to grasp its importance. Nowadays, though, its significance is well documented. Indeed, it has been discovered that trickery of the kind witnessed by Bates is just one way in which mimic species have evolved in order to survive. Some species have a more complex visual form of trickery, while others adopt acoustic, chemical and behavioural methods of fooling other species as a survival strategy. One creature that adopts sophisticated visual defence mechanisms is the mimic octopus, a brown 60cm- lang cephalopod. This amazing octopus has multiple disguises which not only involve colour changes but also variations in its shape and movement. The mimic ‘octopus is able to copy three marine creatures with which it shares its habitat. By altering its colour, shape and swimming motion, the mimic octopus can imitate the poisonous sole fish, the lion fish with its poisonous spines and the venomous banded sea snake. What is more amazing is that this octopus decides which creature to impersonate depending on the predator it feels threatened by. Ifit is approached by a damselfish, for example, it mimics one of the common predators of, that fish - the banded sea snake. 84 Paper 1 Reading and Use of English Animals disguise themselves and use trickery in remarkable ways to ensure their survival. Here is a short insight into the amazing abilities of animal mimics. While visual mimicry proves useful to butterflies and octopuses, itis useless to the majority of nocturnal animals. In the darkness, acoustic mimicry is far more effective and plays a major role in the battle between the bat and the moth, the butterfly's night-flying cousin, Bats hunt at night by using sound, They make clicking noises which reflect off the objects around it. Ths allows the bat to build a ‘picture’ of its surroundings. When an edible moth is located, the bat moves in to claim its meal. This tactic proved so effective that tasty moths had to come up with a measure 10 combat it. Some species of harmless tiger moth produce the same clicks that poisonous species of tiger moth emit, to warn bats that they are not a food item, Another sense that can be tricked by mimic is that of smell. One trickster that could be described as an expert chemist and a master of disguise is the Bolas spider. During the day, it adopts a different shape so that it isnot taken for prey. When it wakes at night, it hunts. It releases a stand of ‘silk’ on which it has placed a drop of chemical perfume that proves irresistible to moths. The spider holds the bait attached to its ‘silk’ thread on ‘one of its legs so that it hangs down from the branch on which the spider stands. When a moth touches the drop Of sticky chemical perfume, the Bolas ‘reels’ its meal in What is more, the Bolas spider can make small changes ‘to the perfume so that it attracts the species of moth that lives in the area where it hunts. Although spiders more often than not benefit from trickery, they can also be on the receiving end. In ‘Australia, there is the suitably-named assassin bug which behaves like a helpless insect trapped in a spider's web to lure the spider into its own trap. The bug deliberately, moves across the web, making large vibrations just as a fly does when it first gets caught. This is a signal for the spider to claim its meal quickly as the larger the vibrations, the greater the chance of the spider's prey escaping. When the saider reaches the assassin bug, the bug strikes by stabbing the spider with its sharp snout, line line 831 32 33 35 36 Paper 1 Reading and Use of English Why did the pierid family of butterflies have red and yellow colours on their wings? A They had become poisonous after moving from Europe. B Their original white colour made them easy to spot. C They needed other animals to see them as a different species. D__ They would look too big to eat with coloured wings. What does the writer state in paragraph 2? A All modem biologists do research into the ways animals trick each other. B The Amazon jungle is the best place to study animal trickery. C No two animals use the same behaviour to fool other species. D__ Certain species rely on mimicry for their survival. How does the mimic octopus manage to avoid being eaten? A Ittakes on the appearance of a creature its attacker is afraid of. B It threatens anything that approaches it with poison. C It changes the depth at which it is swimming. D It can imitate sea creatures that can swim very fast. How do some species of tiger moth prevent bats from catching them? A. They make noises that bats associate with poisonous moths. B They have the ability to move quickly away from bats. They can tell when a bat is moving into their area. D_ They can hear the sounds that bats make to communicate. Why does the writer describe the Bolas spider as ‘an expert chemist’ (line 56)? A It knows exactly how sticky the drop of perfume needs to be. B It canmake a different perfume for each species of moth it hunts. C It changes the thickness of thread according to the size of moth it traps. D__ It understands which trees give off the best smell for the moths. What does the phrase ‘be on the receiving end’ (line 69) mean in this context? fail to catch any prey go hungry for long periods end up being attacked make an inefficient trap ona>Paper 1 Reading and Use of English You are going to read an article about a company's move into green energy. Six sentences have been removed from the article, Choose from the sentences A-G the one which fits each gap (37-42). There is one extra sentence which you do not need to use. CONNECTING EO GREEN Is the time right to move into green energy? One company certainly thinks so, says Kevin Waites. It has been recognised for some time that taking a ‘company into the green economy will pay off in the long term, The problem so far, however, has been choosing the right time to do so. With financial difficulties creating uncertainty in the economy, it seems that the ‘moment to jump on the green bandwagon is constantly being put off, making the ‘right time’ somewhat elusive for most firms. Mabey Bridge, though, a company based in the West ‘of England is one that has taken the bold decision to join the green energy revolution despite unfavourable economic conditions. [37] _] More specifically, the company has invested £38 million of its own money to move into the production of huge towers for wind turbines. The new factory that will eventually go into full production of the towers has been set up about one mile away from the company’s headquarters in Chepstow. [38]_] The plant itself will create around 250 jobs and lend valuable support to approximately 800 jobs at suppliers. Mabey, @ family-owned firm, has been providing employment for locals since 1849, when it first began to build bridges in Britain. So far the company has constructed around 1,000 railway bridges and worked on outstanding examples of engineering like the Severn crossing, all of which have earned it enormous respect within the engineering world. [39 ‘According to Mabey’s managing director, this move from a traditional industry to a new one is not so radical, “The change is not as great as it might first appear,” he said. “There are, in fact, several similarities to the bridge-building business. [40|_] Another is that the structures involved have to withstand huge fatigue.” Although Mabcy’s new business is still in its early stages, it has already received orders, which is seen asa positive development. If the company grows at the same rate as the wind energy market is gaining strength, it will play ‘a major role in the government's new energy strategy. 41] __] The majority of that is likely to be wind. Current statistics show that the UK has 3910 MW of wind power capacity, which is enough to power two nillion homes or approximately 3% of the total power produced. [42] _] The former produces enough green energy to supply 20% of the country’s needs, while the latter manages 7%. So, if Britain wishes to compare favourably with its European neighbours, far more wind turbines need to be built. Despite the enormous challenges, Mabey Bridge together with other companies embracing green energy should be able to provide the infrastructure for this type of renewable energy so that the government can reach the ambitious target it has set,Paper 1 Reading and Use of English | A The technology supplier then adds the turbine blades and housing so that the tower can be completed. B This states that 15% of all Britain’s energy should come from renewable sources by 2020. C__ The sector it has chosen to enter is wind power, which seems to be growing in popularity. D_Sowhy should a company with such a strong tradition in bridge building risk its reputation by making an investment in new technology? E One is that they both use steel plates in the construction process. F This has come as good news for the local community in terms of employment opportunities, G Although these figures seem quite impressive, they do not compare well with those of Denmark or Germany.RET eee You are going to read an article in which four people give their views on honesty. For questions 43-53, choose from the people (A-D). The people may be chosen more than once. Which person thinks that being honest is often harder than making things up? not saying something is being dishonest? being honest creates reliability over time? people who begin by telling harmless lies end up telling serious ones? members of some professions are expected to be dishonest? dishonest people risk being rejected? it’s best for people who know each other very well to make their feelings known? not telling the truth puts people under pressure? it’s impossible to get away with lying forever? when dishonesty benefits the majority, itis justified? [a3] (45) a6) a7] ag) 51 52|Paper 1 Reading and Use of English Is honesty always the best policy? || Four people from completely different backgrounds give their points of view. [Werner One of the most common subjects | have to deal with as an advice columnist is honesty. Normally, | can give clear answers to the questions I'm asked and they have become, for the most part, standard. For instance, | think that people who are close should always tell each other about their emotions. | know this may cause problems at first, but when people realise you are sincere at all times, they eventually trust you without second thoughts. It goes without saying then that | also think that when people keep something back, they are not being honest, and I certainly don’t think that being frightened of someone else's response is an excuse to stay quiet. When | was young, my parents used to say, “If you are honest, you'll be respected”. Although that was a long time ago, it’s still relevant in most situations. | believe this because someone who lies and gets found out (as they inevitably do sooner or later) is likely to be given the cold shoulder and made to feel unwelcome. On the other hand, | can understand why some people might choose to be dishonest, especially when telling the truth will put them at a great disadvantage. Say, for example, someone got into trouble with the law as a teenager because they stole something inexpensive. | think the punishment they received is enough, so why shouldn't they keep quiet about it later if mentioning it will cause them serious problems like not being able to get a job. The answer is they should and in this case keeping quiet is not the same as lying. GESnEtan There are those who sincerely believe that white lies are innocent lies, but when people have benefitted from this kind of dishonesty, they inevitably go on to use lies that are not so innocent. I'm not criticising the people who fall into this trap because | know from experience that telling the truth can be more difficult than coming up with something from your imagination, especially when being honest will land you in trouble. When I did this, | got away with something, It was a relief for a while, but | soon came to realise that I'd have to pay for my insincerity as I was afraid that someone would discover what I'd done, which is common among dishonest people. This is stressful as such people have to be on their guard at all times so they don’t give themselves away. DGS) It’s not unusual for newspaper reports to contain false information, especially when what is happening might cause the public to panic. To my mind, this kind of dishonesty is justified. After all, there is nothing to be gained from letting people know about something beyond their control. In other words, | believe that there is nothing wrong with being untruthful if most people are better off for it. As for politicians and business people, when their dishonesty is discovered, nobody is really surprised because it’s part and parcel of what they do! EyPaper 2 Writing (1 hour 20 minutes) ‘You must answer this question. Write your answer in 140-190 words in an appropriate style. 1. Inyour English class you have been talking about developments in education. Now your English teacher has asked you to write an essay for homework. Write your essay using all the notes and giving reasons for your point of view. Some people think that technology will replace teachers in the future. If this happens, will it be a good or a bad thing for students? Notes Write about: 1 working at own speed 2 having no help 3 (your own idea)Paper 2 Writing i) Writing © Part 2 Write an answer to one of the questions 2-5 in this part. Write your answer in 140-190 words in an appropriate style. 2 You have had a class discussion about crime and punishment, Now your teacher has asked you to write an essay, giving your opinion on the following statement. The only way to punish people who have broken the law is to send them to prison. Write your essay. 3 You have seen this notice in an international magazine called Leisure and Action. We want your reviews Nowadays people are spending their leisure time doing something unusual lke skydiving, We want to heer from people who have done something unusual recently. Include information on the instruction you were given, the equipment you used, what it was like and say whether you would recommend the activity to others. The best reviews will be published. Write your review. 4 You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen friend. Do you remember when you asked me to send you information about a famous historical figure from my country for a project you were doing? Well, ecincidentally L have to do o. similar project. So, could you give me details about a historical figure you admire, saying why he or she became famous, uty you admire him or her and how this person is remembered today. Write your letter. 5 Answer the following question based on the set book you have read. After a class discussion, your teacher has asked your class to write an article about the title of the book you have read. Explain why the title is suitable for the book you have read by referring to important events and locations from the book. Write your article.Paper 3 Listening (approx. 40 minutes) al Seine) Questions 1-8 You will hear people talking in eight different situations. For questions 1-8, choose the best answer (A, B or C).. 1. You hear a woman talking on the radio about changes in her neighbourhood. Why have most of her childhood neighbours moved away? A None of them could afford to use the new shops. B They felt as if they didn’t belong any more. They were given large sums of money to leave. 2 You hear a man talking on the radio. What is he? A amusician Ban astronomer Cc awriter 3° You hear aman and a woman talking about a holiday. What are his plans? Ato work throughout the summer B togoonacruise C to visit a resort in Europe 4 You hear a local radio advertisement for a car. ‘What feature of the car does the advertisement emphasise? A its fuel consumption B its competitive price C__ its tuxurious interior 5 You hear a woman speaking on the phone about her business partner. What is she trying to explain to the person she's speaking to? ‘A The company is not doing well. B She wants an apology. C There has been a misunderstanding. 6 You hear a local radio news story about a girl called Erica who was struck by lightning. Why did she scream when it happened? A She saw a mark appear on her shoulder. B She was scared by the event. C She experienced terrible pain. 7 You hear a teenage girl talking about an argument she had. How did she feel after the argument? A angry B satisfied sad 8 You hear a man telling a friend about something that happened at an airport. What happened at the airport he mentions? A The passengers were unexpectedly entertained. B_ Anairline hired a singer to put on a show. C Aparty was held in one of the lounges. 92 | 5Paper 3 Listening (a ry Questions 9-18, ‘You will hear a radio interview with an expert on water called Robert Hardwick. For questions 9-18, complete the sentences with a word or short phrase. WATER People in the developed world still have full access to clean, 9] drinking water. It has been predicted that by 10] this century, the global population will reach nine billion. 77]. Calculating how much water we hav Water resource engineers know exactly how water 12] to where it is needed. By the year 2025, about 70% of the world's population will live in countries with significant 13| World Water Day is held annually on 74] Robert believes that people need to be educated about how 15] water is as a resource, 16] if we want to save water. We should never leave the tap running when we of England than there is in Syria. There is less water available per person in the 77] Robert is 18] that experts will come up with plans to ensure we have enough water in future.Paper 3 Listening See Que: sstions 19-23 You will hear five short extracts in which people are talking about cooking. For questions 19-23, choose from the list (A-H) what each speaker says. Use the letters only once. There are three extra letters which you do not need to use. A B It’s best to start cooking at an early age. It's not easy to cook for a large group of people. Ifyou're not passionate about food, cooking is difficult. Cooking requires good organisational skills. Cooking for others is more rewarding than cooking for yourself. It’s better to be taught to cook than to use cookery books to learn. Creativity is very important in cooking. The better you can cook, the more enjoyable it becomes. Speaker 1 Speaker 2 ‘Speaker 3 Speaker 4 Speaker 5 19) 20) 2a 23}Li ie GETy Questions 24-30 You will hear a radio interview with a reporter who writes for the travel section of several newspapers. For questions 24-30, choose the best answer (A, B, or C). 24 What impression did the interviewer get of a dual family holiday from reading Sandra's article? 25 26 7 29 30 A There are important advantages to such holidays. B [f they begin unpleasantly, they will end the same way. C_ They should be avoided at all costs. Why did Sandra's family eat the cake they found in the fridge? ‘A It was Sandra's son's birthday the following day. B_ They believed it was a present for them. C They hadn't eaten anything all day. According to Sandra, why do most people go on a dual family holiday? A to entertain their children more easily B tostay ina larger property € _ tohave more help when preparing meals Why do arguments often occur between sets of parents with very young children? ‘A _ when one set of parents believes the other parents are irresponsible B when the children are forced to play in an insecure environment when none of the adults gets enough time to relax Why do activity-based holidays work well for families on holiday together? A. Both families have something in common. B Everyone enjoys doing water sports on holiday. C They force the children to obey rules. How did Sandra feel when she arrived home after her holiday in Italy? A highly embarrassed B extremely tired C terribly disappointed What does Sandra's friend Helen do every year? ‘A She does the opposite of what she promises, B_ She asks her children for their advice. She goes on holiday with a different family. 24] 25) 26] 27] 28) 29) [30]Paper 4 Speaking (14 minutes) Ask and answer the following questions. (About 2 minutes) + Do you prefer spending time at a friend’s house or having friends round to yours? (Why?) + Where's the best place to spend a free aftemoon in your area? + Do you have a favourite TV series? (Tell me about it.) + Have you seen any good films recently? (Tell me about one.) + What do you think is the best way to leam a foreign language? + Would you like to go and live in another country in the future? (Why?/Why not?) 1 Difficulties people face 2 Walking Candidate A, the photographs on page 120 show places to live. Compare the photographs and say what are the difficulties people face in these areas, (About 1 minute). Candidate B, which area would you prefer to live in? (About 30 seconds) Candidate 8, the photographs on page 120 show people walking, Compare the photographs and say why you think walking is important to these people. (About 1 minute). Candidate A, do you like going on long walks? (About 30 seconds) Making school life better A survey has been carried out to find out what students think can make schoo! life better. Here are some of the things they have come up with and a question for you to discuss. Talk to your pariner about how these things might make school life better. (2 minutes) Then decide which two would most improve a student's school experience. (1 minute) ‘Ask and answer the following questions. (4 minutes) + Would you like to go to a boarding school where you live away from home? (Why?/Why not?) + How important is ito go to a school with good facilities? + Isitworth paying a lot of money to attend a private school? (Why?/Why not?) + Do you think computers will replace teachers in future? (Why2/Why not?) + What qualities does a good teacher have? + Do you think it is necessary to go to university to get a good job?Paper 4 Speaking LAs tasty, healthy school lar school tr meat How might these Feguierischool trips things make school life better? excellent sports well-equipped science facilities laboratories smaller classesPaper 1 Reading and Use of English (1 hour 15 minutes) GEC uC User maieieiclzlel | For questions 1-8, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fts each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). Example: 0 A flock B herd © pride D_ swarm WAR SD eNanewns Helping a lioness —————— When poachers attacked the last (0)... Of ions in Liuwa National Park in Zambia in 2002, all (1) one of the lions were mercilessly shot dead. Even though the lioness, which (2)........ to be known as Lady Liuwa, had been able to escape the poachers’ bullets, she was all alone as there was no other lion living (3) ......... hundreds of miles of the park. Two years later, Herbert Brauer, a Namibian filmmaker, went to Zambia to make a life documentary in which he hoped to include Lady Liuwa, whose survival against all odds had lead to her story spreading far and (4) wu..u..When he and his film crew arrived at the park, they weren't at all sure they would find the lioness, (5) ...... be able to film her. However, to their surprise, it turned out to be a case of the lonely lioness finding them rather than the other way round. From then on, Lady Liuwa accompanied Herbert at every opportunity, which was a clear indication that she had (6) ....... to humans for company. It was a situation he was not prepared to accept, so he decided to come up with a plan for a lion from another park to be brought to Liuwa. During his second attempt to reunite Lady Liuwa with her own kind, he and his team (7) (or Kafui National Park and brought back two male lions. Fortunately, she took to the two brothers immediately, making her need for human company a (8) nv Of the past. A. apart B beside Cc but D_ along A came B went C said D had A. beyond B over C across D_ within A broad B wide C long D deep A not only B letalone C atleast D so that A turned B approached C accepted D_ reached A set off B got out C pulled out D_ went over A. factor B condi thing D state [es]EEC MEME Sasi For questions 9-16, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use only one word in each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). Write your answers in capital letters. Example: [o[s]o[mJe[T/H|1[N|a@ SLEEP Sleeping is (0) ... THING... that most of us take (9) hours a day, or one-third of our lives doing it. And yet we don’t really know that (10)...... it. What we do know however, is that a lack of sleep can lead to health problems as well as an inability to perform tasks efficiently, In other words, not getting enough sleep (11)... sou @ Negative impact ‘on the quality of our lives. granted. We spend about eight bout Although scientists have been studying sleep for some time, they have not been able to state exactly (92) ve - much sleep is enough since not everyone needs the same amount, What they have said, though, is that if we feel sleepy during the day, we haven't had enough sleep the night (13). . Among the problems that can be brought on as a result of a lack of sleep are high blood pressure, diabetes, depression and an inability to concentrate (14) .n..nimmuenune the task in hand. (15)... . regards the purpose of sleep, scientists do not fully understand why we need it ‘What they can say for sure, though, is that sleep is vital if we (16) to stay healthy and mentally strong. [eo]For questions 17-24, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to form a word that fits in the gap in the same line. There is an example at the beginning (0). Write your answers in capital letters. Example: [o[e[N[e[R[G[e|t| 1 [ec Paper 1 Reading and Use of English A YOUNG ARTIST Until he was given a sketch pad for the first time while on holiday in ERGETIC.... young lad. Cornwall, Kieron Williamson was a normal (0)... After he'd made a few sketches, though, his parents realised that his artistic £17) sess ... Was anything but normal for a five-year-old. When they saw his impressive attempts at drawing parts of the Eden Project, they (18)... ... Kieron to take up painting as a hobby and he soon became as (19) .- about art as he was about football. Since he began painting, the number of people who have been (20) surprised by his work has grown rapidly due to exhibitions of his work and widespread press coverage. So far he has earned enough money for his family to buy their own house - a (21) : from an old bank. As for media publicity, he has been featured in several have articles as well as on TV programmes, in which (22) .. been made between his works and those of famous French artists like Monet and Van Gogh. The (23) .. in Kieron’s paintings and his rise to fame have gone hand in hand. However, he says he still wants to play football (2a) . in the future, so it seems that fame has not gone to his head and he remains a normal young lad despite his obvious talent. ENERGY ABLE COURAGE ENTHUSIASM PLEASE CONVERT COMPARE IMPROVE PROFESSIONAL,GEE Eas oe For questions 25-30, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between two and five words, including the word given. Here is an example (0). Example: 0 ‘Jim's the one who lost the keys!’ said Alan. ACCUSED Alan... .. the keys. The gap can be filled by the words ‘accused Jim of losing’, so you write: 0| ACCUSED JIMOF LOSING | Write the missing words in capital letters. 25. The residents couldn't explain what had caused the damage to the road. IDEA The residents... . the road had been damaged. 26 There's not much chance of the police catching the robbers within the next few days. LIKELY The police .. the robbers within the next few days. 27 |hate it when people | don’t know tell me what to do. STAND (om ... told what to do by people | don’t know. 28 I'm sure your bag wasn’t here when | came in. TAKEN Your bag .. . before I came in, 29 We need more time to finish the work you gave us. ENOUGH Wa teat ais ete renien .. to finish the work you gave us. 30 Reading other people's letters is something you really shouldn't do. SUPPOSED You other people's letters, 101Paper 1 Reading and Use of English You are going to read part of a short story. For questions 31-36, choose the answer (A, B, C or D) which you think fits best according to the text. ‘The latest in a long line of predictions that the world was about to end first appeared on the web on 7th November 2102. It stated that 21st December of the same year was the date when everything would change. Over the previous decade, announcements of Doomsday scenarios had increased dramatically with each date claimed to be the day of destruction passing without incident. In response to this growing number of ‘end- of-the-world’ forecasts, government authorities began to dismiss each one of them as nonsense, and since they had been proved correct in each case, the public went ‘along with the official line despite any concerns they might have had. Indeed, far from being alarmed by the latest prediction, people were calmer than normal For three Imperial College students, though, this feeling of contentment was violently interrupted ten days before the predicted date of destruction during a study group session in a South Kensington flat. As Ravi, a physics postgraduate and two final year theoretical physics students, Astrid and Mei, were gathered round his computer, a sudden sense of hopelessness swept over them. They felt the presence of something horrible in the room. Their pulses began to race as they became more and more anxious. Then, as quickly as the sensation had begun, it disappeared, leaving behind vivid images in their minds of a world of darkness and fear. After an uneasy silence, they began to discuss their terrifying experience. They came to the conclusion that it must have had something to do with the latest ‘end- of-the-world’ prediction. The sense of fear they felt and the visions of destruction they had made them truly believe they were onto something really big, But, at the same time, there was the nagging thought that it might have been a figment of their imagination. After all, why hadn't they had the feeling before? Why now? ‘Whatever the reason, they knew they had to be extremely careful. They couldn’t tell anyone about their suspicion that the current prediction might be about to come true, line 39. They couldn't even think about it in public places, where national security agents armed with their thought- reading devices, TRDs for short, could get close enough to tell what they were thinking, They also knew they needed to find out more about the prediction since it seemed as if the government was involved in some kind of cover up, ‘L know someone, who can help. He's something of a quantum computer genius, announced Ravi, ‘Let's go then,’ said Astrid, getting to her feet. ‘T have to go on my own, He won't let me in if I'm not alone’. “What about our families” Astrid inquired, taking her place on the couch again. ‘There was no reply. She'd known the answer before she had asked the question, but that didn’t stop the tears from welling up in her eyes. After Ravi said he wouldn't be long, he walked to the door, wondering whether Astrid might contact her parents and brothers while he \vas out. He just had to hope she wouldn't. Outside, it was a cold, grey winter's day. For a moment Ravi thought about getting an air taxi, but decided against it. I need some exercise. I hardly ever do any physical activity anymore,” he thought to himself, focusing on his physical condition during the whole walk justin case someone had a TRD locked on him. Twenty minutes later, he arrived at his friend's flat. ‘The building had state-of-the-art security. There were no eye scanners or voice recognition systems for visitors. These could now be breached so easily that they had become ineffective. Instead, there were thought readers fat three separate checkpoints. Having successfully negotiated the security checks, Ra outside Arnie’s front door, When Arnie was satisfied Ravi was alone, he opened the door and let his guest in. Before Ravi could say a word, Arnie put his forefinger to his lips and led the way to a second steel door, behind which there were rows of brand new computers, Ravi stared open-mouthed as Arnie closed the door behind them. 102—$_=—=—_— TEST 31. During the last decade of the 21st century, end-of-the-world predictions Ahad cause some people to panic. B had provoked several serious incidents. had become more frequent. D__ had angered the government. 32 What happened when Ravi, Astrid and Mei were sitting round Revi’s computer? A. Something dangerous entered the fat. B The room suddenly went dark. C__ Strange images appeared in front of them. D They started to feel uneasy. 33. What does ‘it’ (line 39) refer to? their suspicion the prediction the reason the truth onoD 34 Why did Astrid begin to cry? ‘A Raviand Mei refused to answer her question. B__ Ravi wouldn't let her go with him. She realised she'd never see her parents and brothers again. D She remembered the frightening experience she'd just had. 35 Why did Ravi think about exercise on his way to Arnie’s flat? A to justify not getting an air taxi B to forget about the danger Astrid might put him in _toavoid thinking about the prediction D__tomake his walk more pleasant 36 Why didn’t Ravi say anything when he entered Arnie’s flat? A He was so amazed by what he saw. B_ Amie made a sign to keep quiet. He wasn’t sure who else was in the flat. D_Arnie’s computers were making too much noise.Paper 1 Reading and Use of English Reading and Use of English e Part 6 ‘You are going to read an article about children leaving the family home. Six sentences have been removed from the article. Choose from the sentences A-G the one which fits each gap (8742). There is one extra sentence which you do no t need to use. MOVING OUT When our children finally move out, does it mean we all go our separate ways? Jackie Mason investigates. It happens to all of us eventually. Our children move out to set up their own homes. The event should be a win-win situation: the children establish their independence and we, the parents, get the chance to relax after having devoted years to giving our offspring the best we could. However, things do not always go like clockwork when the children leave as they never seem to be ready to let go completely. The point at which they make their plans to leave the nest normally comes during their final year at university. [37[_] When we receive this news, we consider it our duty, as a parting gesture, to rush out and get them some basic appliances, crockery and cutlery to make their transition easier. Then there’s the question of them meeting their financial obligations. They are still paying off the debts they built up at university and are finding out how bills, can quickly pile up when they're not settled within a few days. [38[__] They reassure us they will pay us back as soon as things get easier, but for some reason or other, they never do. Another promise they fail to keep concerns their space in the family home. As soon as they've flown the nest, we make plans to convert their bedrooms into guest rooms for our visitors from far away. [39]_] We wait for them to come over to say what can go and what they will take, but they somehow never get round to participating in the clear-out, When they do pop in, usually for a loan or to pick up something small from their room (it’s still theirs), we remind them of our conversion plans. [40] _] They exploit our weakness by saying something like ‘Isn't it our home anymore?’ Choked with emotion, we don’t respond immediately and before we know it, we get a hug, ‘love you, Mum, Dad! and they've shut the front door behind them. If all this sounds familiar, it’s because many parents experience something similar. According to a survey carried out by an insurance company, parents are now looking after £24 million worth of their adult children’s possessions. The figure is so high because it represents around 52% of all the parents whose children have moved out. [41 Why then do we put up with having to store the possessions our children leave behind? ‘There is no survey I am aware of that answers this question, but I'm fairly sure I know why. [42] _] Keeping their rooms the way they were when they left is our way of showing them that they can continue to depend on us. This gives them a sense of security and it gives us the satisfaction of knowing we are still needed. So, it really is a win-win situation, but not for the reasons we first assume when they leave.No matter how frustrated we become with them for not letting go, we secretly hope they will continue to ask for help. These, however, have to be put on hold until they return to make sure nothing of sentimental value gets thrown out. Therefore, we are prepared to help them out with a loan now and again. ‘When you've recovered from the loneliness and are starting to enjoy the peace and quiet, they turn up asking to stay for a while. At this point they fall back on a strategy they are sure will succeed. ‘They announce their decision not to return home after completing their degree course. Indeed, the phenomenon has become commen enough for such parents’ homes to be called ‘the warehouse of Mum and Dad’.Paper 1 Reading and Use of English Reading and Use of Ent zie You are going to read an article in which four teenage girls talk about shopping, their appearance and the way they dress. For questions 43-52, choose from the people (A-D). The people may be chosen more than once. Which person prefers casual clothes to formal wear? a3 doesn't buy clothes simply to be trendy? [aa] feels under pressure to buy new clothes regularly? (g] has never worn some of her clothes? ag adopted her style of dress as a reaction to the way she was treated? [a7] received a fantastic gift when she became an adult? a8 accepts that some people find her appearance unappealing? a9] borrows certain items of clothing? 50 couldn't make a decision on one shopping trip? 51 has proved that the people who dislike her are superficial? 108pee nr Hoe tena 7 Appearance A Savannah Gordon On her eighteenth birthday, Savannah was given her ‘best present ever’ - a credit card. ‘| buy all my clothes and accessories with it,’ she says excitedly. Although her parents have set her a monthly clothing allowance, Savannah sometimes spends more than she should, which results in her parents having a word with her about responsibility. 'We get into these arguments that can last for days and end with them telling me that if | overspend again, they'll cancel the card.’ While Savannah appreciates the importance of keeping within her budget, she knows she has to keep up with her friends who spend ‘loads more money’ than she does. ‘It's a question of appearance,’ she explains. B Karen Clarke Unlike many girls of her age, Karen dislikes spending hours shopping for clothes. While most of her classmates find trying on ‘absolutely everything in the store’ exciting, Karen believes it’s the exact opposite. ‘Anyway, 'd rather wear T-shirts, track suits and trainers, so it’s not worth going in and out of a changing room all day,’ she points out. On the rare occasions when she has to wear a dress, her sister, who has plenty to choose from, is quite happy to lend her one. Apart from dressing differently from most 18-year-old girls, Karen has piercings and tattoos on her neck, back and ankle that distinguish her from all but a few of her peers, but she doesn't care. ‘If someone doesn’t like me the way | am, that's fine. But I'm not going to change just because someone wants me to be what I'm not,’ she says adamantly. C Jasmine Taylor Jasmine Taylor loves clothes, but she’s not the type of gir! who buys something just because it's in fashion. Her only criteria are that she likes the item of clothing and it suits her. This doesn’t mean that she avoids buying expensive clothes, though. ‘Once | spent a large sum of money on two designer dresses because | couldn't choose between them. I know that sounds awful, but I'd just had my 18th birthday and felt | could splash out,’ says Jasmine unrepentantly. Probably the best way to get an idea of Jasmine’s taste in clothes is to take a quick look inside her wardrobe. There are brightly-coloured dresses and an abundance of pink, which is her favourite colour. There are also several styles of jeans, around sixty pairs of shoes and a wide range of T-shirts, most of which haven't moved since they were bought. D Amy Spencer When Amy began secondary school, most of the kids in her neighbourhood tended to avoid her because they thought she was strange. She responded by dressing differently. She wore black eyeliner, black clothes, dyed her hair black, put on old trainers and painted her nails black. However, she occasionally dyes her hair blonde, puts on a designer dress, high heels and adds some accessories before going to a party where her cousin introduces her as a visiting relative. The effect is amazing because those classmates who avoid her at all costs in school want to talk to her at the party! ‘It goes to show how shallow they are. Just because | dress up in a way they think is attractive, suddenly | become worth knowing,’ she says mockingly.Paper 2 Writing (1 hour 20 minutes) iO ET a ‘You must answer this question. Write your answer in 140-190 words in an appropriate style. 1 Inyour English class you have been talking about examinations. Now your English teacher has asked you to write an essay for homework. Write your essay using all the notes and giving reasons for your paint of view. AAA AAA AAA AA AA A In some subjects, students have to learn several pages of a textbook by heart before an exam. Is this a good or a bad way of learning? Notes Write about: 1 passing exams 2. no understanding necessary 2. (your own idea)Write an answer to one of the questions 2-5 in this part. Write your answer in 140-190 words in an appropriate style. 2. You are at an international summer school where a few of the students are causing problems for the rest. You have spoken to your fellow students, who have asked you to write a letter to the college principal describing the situation and making a request for something to be done. Write your letter. 3 You have seen this announcement in your language school magazine. TICLES WANTED! Dealing with Stress . All of us have to deal with stress at one time or another. We want to hear what you find stressful, how you deal with stress and how good your methods are. The most interesting articles will appear in the next issue. Al Write your article. 4 You have seen this announcement in an English-language magazine for teenagers. Stories wanted We need stories for the magazine. Your story must begin with this sentence: No sooner had Andy sat down after a hard day at school than the door bell rang. Your story must include: + an injured motorist * a reward Write your story. 3 Answer the following question based on the set book you have read. Here is a part of a letter from your English-speaking penftiend, Jenny. What a coincidence that we've read the same book in class! I only really liked one of the characters all the way ‘through. What about you? Write a letter to Jenny giving your opinion.Paper 3 Listening (approx. 40 minutes) (SCH Ol Questions 1-8 You will hear people talking in eight different situations. For questions 1-8, choose the best answer (A,B or C). 1 You hear an inventor talking on the ra Why does he think larger versions of his invention won't be successful? A. They'll be too expensive for small villages, B They won't be profitable. They can't be transported cheaply. 2 You hear two people talking about a tournament at their tennis club. Who does the man think will win? A Andy B Tim Martin 3 You will hear part of 2 local radio programme about a safety device for cars. What information do the devices send to each other? A how fast the car can accelerate B how good the car's audio system is the direction the cars going in 4 You hear part of a gardening programme on the radio, ‘What should a new gardener do if plants don’t look right? A check them regularly to see if the problem is getting worse B visit an expert with a sample of a sick plant C post a photo of the garden to the studio 5 You hear the following announcements at a train station. Which train should a passenger travelling to Chester Road get on? A. the one at platform 8A B the first one to leave C the one at platform 11B 6 You hear a man called Ray being interviewed. How did he start working at the homeless shelter? A A friend of his suggested it. B He approached the person in charge. C _ His work brought him into contact with a charity. 7 You hear a radio advertisement for a zoo. What is currently happening at the 200? A. Visitors are not getting the chance to see all the animals. B Some baby animals have become the main attraction. € Most of the animals are being kept indoors. 8 You hear a man and a woman talking about her new neighbourhood. What does the woman say about her neighbours? ‘A. They won't make good friends. B They keep an eye on each other's houses. C They don’t seem to respect her privacy. [110]Paper 3 Listening Questions 9-18 fou will hear a radio interview with cyclist James Bowthorpe who is trying to break a world record. For questions 9-18, somplete the sentences with a word or short phrase. James Bowthorpe makes 9] for a living. Cycling 18,000 miles round the world is like spending [10] riding from London to Bristol every day. As James didn’t want to 11] his family and friends when he returned, James grew a beard before he left. By the time James reached Singapore, he was 72] than when he left England. ‘The only evidence of James falling off his bike has been a few 13] and bruises. Due to pressure on a nerve in his wrist, James's [14] have become weaker. While riding through Romania, James had to cycle until 15] for three days. James has to 16] his journey into small sections to keep going. James has been a 117] at a research charity for three years. James is 18] that he will be able to break the record.Questions 19-23 You will hear five short extracts in which people are talking about science fiction, For questions 19-23, choose from the list (A-H) what each person says. Use the letters only once. There are three extra letters which you do not need to use. A Science fiction is best when it includes frightening creatures from other worlds. B Fans of science fiction take the genre too seriously, Speaker 1 Ag C Itis difficult to state exactly what science fiction is. io 3 Speaker 2 20] D__ Those who enjoy science fiction took to it immediately. Speaker 3 za E Science fiction has played an important role in the development e of inventions. Saree a F You can't appreciate science fiction without a scientific background. gpeaker 5 a G Science fiction helps us imagine what the future will be like. H_ Good science fiction should be based on scientific truths.oa Paper 3 Listening Ee Bel (zi Questions 24-30 You will hear a radio interview with an agricultural project manager called Kathryn Smith. For questions 24-30, choose the best answer (A, Bor C).. 24 According to the interviewer, farming A has become a vitally important part of the economy. B nearly always has a negative impact on wildlife. C_isnotas efficient as it used to be. 24] 25 What does Kathryn say about farmers’ efforts to meet their responsibilities? A They are not really appreciated. B They have not been effective. C They are not worth mentioning. 25) 26 Why did the RSPB buy Hope Farm? Ato gather useful information B to train young farmers to make a reasonable profit Ea 27. The farming methods used at Hope Farm A have been particularly effective in hilly areas. B can only be studied by visiting farmers. Care not suitable for all farms in the UK. 27] 28 Why is it important to have plants with seeds around the fields in which crops are grown? A. They make a good home for butterflies. B They provide food for birds in cold weather. C They are ideal for small animals to shelter under. 28] ‘9. What change at Hope Farm does Kathryn regard as an indication of success? A There are now fifty times as many plants there. B The farm has attracted a wide variety of butterflies. C There are five more species of bird living on the farm. EE 0 What conclusion has Kathryn reached about Hope Farm? A It is only the start of her team's work. B It needs to grow to become more impressive. Running it leaves no time for rest. 30] 113