iObjective

 To determine the gradient of the drainage by calculated the reduced level for each
point of the drainage.
 Taking the drainage level reading from the main gate of POLIMAS until drainage
near the Plastic Workshop.

Materials and Tools

No Tools Function
1 Auto Level Variant of the dumpy level, that makes use of a
compensator that ensures that the line of sight
remains horizontal once the operator has roughly
leveled the instrument. The surveyor sets the
instrument up quickly and doesn't have to relevel it
carefully each time he sights on a rod on another
point. It also reduces the effect of minor settling of
the tripod. Three adjustment screws are used to level
the instrument.

2 Levelling Staff Specialized measuring stick or vertical staff used

with the dumpy level, held by a second person while
the operator of the level looks through it and takes
readings off of the staff. Also call a rod.

3 Tripod A rigid type of stand that is capable of fixing minor

lateral movement on its top when required. It is use
d to support thecomponents of the instrument on to
pof it
4 These are generally a small circular bubble on an
Staff Bubble angle plate which is held against one corner of the
staff to ensure that the staff is held in a vertical
position. If the staff is not held vertical, the reading
will be too large and may be significantly in error

5 Picket To identified location of the station

6 Field book/booking form To input data from total station

Procedures
a) Scout the area to determine the auto level position so that during the work, there
won’t be a obstacles and to reduce changing position of the auto level.
b) After the auto level been set up, the first F.S is taken from BM 1 at parking park and
for B.S or I.S at drainage at main gate POLIMAS
c) If at drainage at the main gate is F.S then change the auto level at new location at read
the drainage at the main again as B.S then continue as I.S along the drainage by 10
meter for each point until the reading at the levelling staff through auto level can’t be
seen, then state the last point as F.S.
d) If the point at the drainage at the main gate is I.S then continue without changing the
position of the auto level with 10 meter for each point until the reading at the levelling
staff through auto level can’t be seen, then state the last point as F.S.
e) Change the auto level to different location then take the reading at the last F.S again
as B.S
f) Repeat step 5 until reach the drainage near Plastic Workshop.
 RISE AND FALL METHOD

BS IS FS RISE FALL REDUCE CORRECTION ADJUSTMENT REMARKS

LEVEL REDUCE
LEVEL
1.440 13.922 13.922 BM1= 13.922
2.945 1.505 12.417 + 0.0185 12.436 POINT 1
3.750 0.805 11.612 + 0.0185 11.631 POINT 2
2.789 0.961 12.573 + 0.0185 12.592 POINT 3
2.730 0.059 12.632 + 0.0185 12.651 POINT 4
2.687 0.043 12.672 + 0.0185 12.691 POINT 5
2.669 0.018 12.693 + 0.0185 12.712 POINT 6
2.523 0.146 12.839 + 0.0185 12.858 POINT 7
2.555 0.032 12.807 + 0.0185 12.826 POINT 8
2.590 0.035 12.772 + 0.0185 12.791 POINT 9
2.410 2.465 0.125 12.897 + 0.0370 12.931 C/P 10
2.465 0.055 12.842 + 0.0370 12.879 POINT 11
2.320 0.145 12.987 + 0.0370 13.024 POINT 12
2.284 0.036 13.023 + 0.0370 13.060 POINT 13
2.295 2.243 0.041 13.064 + 0.0555 13.120 C/P 14
2.045 0.250 13.314 + 0.0555 13.370 POINT 15
2.084 0.039 13.275 + 0.0555 13.331 POINT 16
2.125 0.041 13.234 + 0.0555 13.290 POINT 17
2.120 0.005 13.239 + 0.0555 13.295 POINT 18
2.247 0.127 13.112 + 0.0555 13.168 POINT 19
2.213 0.034 13.146 + 0.0555 13.202 POINT 20
2.255 0.042 13.104 + 0.0555 13.160 POINT 21
2.234 0.016 13.120 + 0.0555 13.176 POINT 22
2.415 0.176 12.994 + 0.0555 13.000 POINT 23
2.241 2.335 0.080 13.024 + 0.0740 13.098 C/P 24
2.273 0.032 12.992 + 0.0740 13.066 POINT 25
2.244 0.029 13.021 + 0.0740 13.095 POINT 26
2.406 0.162 12.859 + 0.0740 12.933 POINT 27
2.375 0.031 12.890 + 0.0740 12.964 POINT 28
2.399 0.024 12.866 + 0.0740 12.940 POINT 29
2.418 0.019 12.847 + 0.0740 12.921 POINT 30
2.635 0.217 12.630 + 0.0740 12.704 POINT 31
2.247 0.165 12.795 + 0.0740 12.869 POINT 32
2.520 0.050 12.745 + 0.0740 12.819 POINT 33
3.070 3.190 0.670 12.075 + 0.0925 12.168 C/P 34
1.643 1.110 1.960 14.035 + 0.111 14.146 C/P 35
0.147 1.496 15.531 + 0.111 15.642 TBM= 15.642

13.099 11.490 5.640 4.031

Calculation
Atritmatic Checking
13.099 – 11.490 = 5.690 – 4.031 = 15.531 – 13.922
1.609 = 1.609 = 1.609
Misclosure
15.531 – 15.642 = -0.111
Misclosure Limit

±5√6 = 0.012
Correction
0.111
= 0.0185 𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
6

Conclusion
For this traversing method, we used angle and distance (Total Station Survey) and for the traverse
type we has a loop traverse which means it is geometrically closed and mathematically closed. The
class for our traverse is class 2 based on our traverse. We used total station to measure angle at point
1,2,3,4,5 and 6 which is in form of closed loop traverse . We encountered an error in closed traverse
which caused by numerical precision or measurement error . What we read was 184°0’55” but the
bearing which supposed to be read was 183°59’55” , so the correction for each station is 11’5” to get
the same reading. In a traverse, the summation of all departures and latitudes of each of its sides
should always be equal to zero. The difference in latitude was 0.03 while the difference in departure
was 0.173. After making calculation for correction in Latitude and Departure we achieve the
summation of the latitude was 0.001 while departure was 0.000.
Reference

 W Schofield, M. B. (14 Feb 2007). Engineering Surveying, Sixth Edition. Mishawaka: Taylor
& Francis.
 Frank Bell. (30 Nov 2007). Surveying and Setting Out Procedures. The University of
Michigan: Avebury
 Basil George Grenville Manton. (15 May 2009). Highway Surveying and Setting Out. The
University of Michigan : E. Arnold.
 Basak. (1 Oct 1994). Surveying and Levelling: Tata McGraw-Hill Education.
 S. S. Bhavikatti. (11 Mar 2010). Surveying and Levelling: I. K. International Pvt Ltd, 2010.