Saint Michaels College of • The symptoms are mild

Laguna • The immune system deteriorates

AIDS • Emergence of opportunistic
Platero, Biñan, Laguna
infections
• Acquired Immunodeficiency
Syndrome Stage 4 - HIV ]
School of Nursing • HIV is the virus that causes AIDS AIDS
• Disease limits the body’s ability • The immune
to fight infection system weakens
• A person with AIDS has a very • The illnesses
weak immune system become more
• No Cure severe leading to
an AIDS diagnosis
Acquired Four Stages of HIV
Immunodeficiency Opportunistic Infections
Syndrome (AIDS), Stage 1 – Primary associated with AIDS
• Short, flu-like illness - occurs one  Bacterial
Cholera (El Tor) to six weeks after infection.  Tuberculosis (TB)
• No symptoms at all  Strep pneumonia
• Infected person can infect other
people  Viral
• Herpes
Stage 2 – Asymptomatic • Influenza (flu)
• Lasts for an average of ten years
• This stage is free from symptoms Modes of HIV/AIDS Transmission
• There may be swollen glands  Through Bodily Fluids
Presented by: • The level of HIV in the blood • Blood products
Esteban, John Christopher A. drops to very low levels • Semen
Gallardo, Kachela G. • HIV antibodies are detectable in • Vaginal fluids
the blood • Breast Milk
Group 6 – Batch 2010 Stage 3 – Symptomatic Through IV Drug Use
  Sharing Needles  Complications
• Without sterilization • Low blood sugar (hypoglycemia)
• Increases the chances of • Low potassium levels
contracting HIV (hypokalemia)

 Through Sex Cholera (El tor)

• Intercourse (penile penetration
 Treatments / Drugs
into the vagina) • Cholera is a bacterial disease • Rehydration
• Oral usually spread through • Intravenous fluids
• Anal contaminated water. • Antibiotics - azithromycin
• Cholera causes severe diarrhea
(Zithromax, Zmax)
 Mother-to-Baby and dehydration.
• Before Birth • Left untreated, cholera can be  Preventions
• During Birth fatal in a matter of hours.
• Postpartum • Wash your hands
 Symptoms • Avoid untreated water
Blood Detection Tests • Severe, watery diarrhea • Eat food that's completely
• Nausea and vomiting
• Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent cooked and hot
Assay/Enzyme Immunoassay • Muscle cramps • Avoid sushi
(ELISA/EIA) • Dehydration • Be careful with fruits and
• Shock vegetables
Oral Testing • Be wary of dairy foods
 Orasure  Causes
• Contaminated water supplies are
• As accurate as blood testing
the main source of cholera
• Draws blood-derived fluids from
infection
the gum tissue.
• Raw shellfish
• NOT A SALIVA TEST!
• Uncooked fruits and vegetables