Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education

PUBLIC TECHNICAL-VOCATIONAL
HIGH SCHOOLS

Unit of Competency: Familiarize Basic Concepts in

Entrepreneurship
Module no.1 Module Title: Familiarizing Basic Concepts in
Entrepreneurship
 ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The Department of Education wishes to extend thanks and

appreciation to the representatives of the different Secondary Technical-
Vocational Schools who shared their expertise in developing the
Competency-Based Curriculum (CBC) and Competency-Based Learning
Materials (CBLM) on May 25-30, 2009 at the Marikina Hotel, Marikina
City.

This learning material was developed, enhanced and refined by the

following personnel:

Writeshop on the Development of CBC-CBLM

Writers:

MARYAN C. CABASAG
Solana Fresh Water Fishery School

MA. GENEFREDA M. CUANAN

Don Alejandro Roces Sr. Science – Technology High School

CECILIA C. BUNAO
Don Alejandro Roces Sr. Science – Technology High School

MA. JOSEFINA B. LUNA

E. Rodriguez Vocational High School

DAISY VILLANUEVA
Malolos Marine Fishery School

GAY BUENAVISTA
Muntinlupa Business High School

JEANNETH CUETO
Muntinlupa Business High School

OFELIA F. BERNARDO
Jones Rural School

ROLANDO M. CUBANGBANG
Jones Rural School
JESUSA C. IGLESIAS
San Jose National Agricultural And Industrial High School

LITO L. AGCAOILI
Alcala Rural School

Encoders:

WARREN LLOYD MANUEL

MARISOL E SALDIVAR

MIA LORAINE MANUEL

CARLO MAGPANTAY

Editor:

ESTRELLITA EVANGELISTA, Ed. D.

Facilitator:

ORLANDO MANUEL, Ph. D.

Cabaruguis National School of Arts and Trades

Writeshop on the Refinement and Enrichment of CBC-CBLM of

Entrepreneurship, June 5-7, 2009, Marikina Hotel, Marikina City

MARYAN C. CABASAG
Solana Fresh Water Fishery School
Iraga, Solana, Cagayan
Region 02

MA. GENEFREDA M. CUANAN

Don Alejandro Roces Sr. Science – Technology High School
Roces Ave., Brgy. Obrero, Quezon City
NCR

CECILIA C. BUNAO
Don Alejandro Roces Sr. Science – Technology High School
Roces Ave., Brgy. Obrero, Quezon City
NCR
MA. JOSEFINA B. LUNA
E. Rodriguez Vocational High School
Nagtahan, Sampaloc, Manila

OFELIA F. BERNARDO
Jones Rural School
Jones, Isabela
Region II

ROLANDO M. CUBANGBANG
Jones Rural School
Jones, Isabela
Region II

JESUSA C. IGLESIAS
San Jose National Agricultural and Industrial High School
Alcala Cagayan
Region II

Encoders:

WARREN LLOYD MANUEL

Fairview, Quezon City

MARISOL SALDIVAR
Taguig City

EDUARDO PINEDA
Cauayan, Isabela

CARLO MAGPANTAY
Project 4, Quezon City

MIA LORAINE MANUEL

Fairview, Quezon City

Editor:

ESTRELLITA EVANGELISTA, Ed. D.

Facilitator:

ORLANDO MANUEL, Ph. D.

Cabaruguis National School of Arts and Trades
 Writeshop on the Finalization of CBC-CBLM of Entrepreneurship
July 1-5, 2009, Marikina Hotel, Marikina City

MARYAN C. CABASAG
Solana Fresh Water Fishery School
Iraga, Solana, Cagayan
Region 02

MA. GENEFREDA M. CUANAN

Don Alejandro Roces Sr. Science – Technology High School
Roces Ave., Brgy. Obrero, Quezon City
NCR

Encoder:

MIA LORAINE MANUEL

Facilitator:

RENE GAOR DELFINO

Muntinlupa Business High School

Editors:

CAROLINA F. CHAVEZ
Principal II
Muntinlupa Business High School

AIDA T. GALURA – VSA II

Angeles City National Trade School

BEATRIZ A. ADRIANO
Principal IV
E. Rordiguez Vocational High School

CORAZON ECHANO, Ph.D.

Consultant
 HOW TO USE THIS MODULE

Welcome to the Module “Familiarizing Basic Concepts in Entrepreneurship”.

This module contains training materials and activities for you to complete.

The unit of competency “Familiarize Basic Concepts in

Entrepreneurship” contains the knowledge, skills and attitudes required for
the course Entrepreneurship.

You are required to go through a series of learning activities in order to

complete each of the learning outcomes of the module. Follow these activities
on your own and answer the Self-Check at the end of each learning activity.
If you have questions, don’t hesitate to ask your teacher for assistance.
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Module Title: Familiarizing Basic Concepts in Entrepreneurship Page

Pre-Test ...........................................................................................................1
Lesson 1 – Explain the Concept of Entrepreneurship ....................................4
Let Us Study ...................................................................................................4
Entrepreneurship and Socio-Economic Development........................................4
Activity ............................................................................................................6
Let Us Remember ............................................................................................7
How Much Have You Learned?.........................................................................8
Reference .........................................................................................................9
Lesson 2 – Identify Desirable Characteristics of a
Successful Entrepreneur based on PECs...................................................9
Let Us Study....................................................................................................9
Characteristics and Qualities of a Successful Entrepreneur............................10
Personal Entrepreneurial Characteristics Cluster and Behavioral Indicators. .12
Activity 1........................................................................................................14
Activity 2........................................................................................................15
Let Us Remember ..........................................................................................21
Reference .......................................................................................................22
Post-Test........................................................................................................23
Key to Correction............................................................................................25
 MODULE I

COURSE : ENTREPRENEURSHIP II

UNIT OF COMPETENCY : Familiarize Basic Concepts in

Entrepreneurship

MODULE TITLE : Familiarizing Basic Concepts in

Entrepreneurship

SUGGESTED DURATION : 4 Hours

WHAT IS THIS MODULE ABOUT?

This module covers the knowledge, skills and attitude required in order
to become an entrepreneur. It includes the concept of entrepreneurship, the
important role, qualities, as well as the strengths and weaknesses of
entrepreneurs.

WHAT WILL YOU LEARN?

Upon completion of this module, you will be able to:

1. explain the concept of entrepreneurship; and
2. identify and differentiate behavioral indicators in the Personal
Entrepreneurial Characteristics (PECs) Clusters.

WHAT DO YOU ALREADY KNOW?

Pre – Test

Let us find out how much you already know. Read and understand the
items being described below. Choose the letter of the correct answer and write
it in your quiz notebook.

1. Which of the following is the index of entrepreneurship?

a. Developing a small elite class
b. Transforming ideas into economic opportunities
c. Searching, identifying and developing raw materials
d. Innovating and developing new products and services

1
2. Which of the following is NOT closely associated with entrepreneurship?
a. flexibility factors
b. change and creativity
c. knowledge and innovation
d. leadership char of entrepreneur kasi to
3. What happens when entrepreneurial activities slow down?
a. Income is evenly distributed
b. Tax revenues are increased
c. Quality of life is improved
d. Country’s unemployment rate goes up
4. Which of the following is NOT true about entrepreneurship?
a. Entrepreneurship contribute significantly to the continuous
improvement of living standards
b. Entrepreneurship helps the development of a handful of people
getting rich through enterprise
c. Entrepreneurship activities slow down the country’s unemployment
rates
d. Entrepreneurship provides an opportunity for making unproductive
use of capital resources
5. An entrepreneur is aware of ________________?
a. his family’s activities
b. his business competitors
c. the way he carries himself in public
d. the demand for products or services in his community
6. Self-discipline is important in putting up a business. Which statements
below contribute to the success of an entrepreneur?
a. Develop the ability to get things done, even when you don’t feel like it
b. Dedicate yourself in improving your leadership, skills and abilities
c. Being able to appeal to other people’s emotions in selling your ideas,
products or services
d. Identify a profitable market and then build your business
7. To communicate effectively is one quality of a good entrepreneur. Which
of the options below is the most important?
a. Sales ability
b. Self discipline
c. Strong work ethics
d. Strong leadership qualities
8. In business, it is the survival of the fittest that counts. Which of the
statements below best describes competitiveness?
a. Identify a profitable market and build your business
b. Make an effort to genuinely like, respect and appreciate other people
c. Learn self discipline with the right information and conscious efforts
d. Play to win, but never to sacrifice your integrity for the sake of a few
pesos.

2
9. Which PECs behavioral indicator meets or beats existing standards of
excellence to improve performance?
a. Opportunity seeking
b. Persuasion and networking
c. Demand for quality and efficiency
d. Commitment to the work contract
10. Which of the following statements is not a good PECs indicator?
a. Developing and using alternatives to monitor progress
b. Ready to adopt to alternatives or strategies when necessary
c. Developing systematic plans and monitoring activities and
performance
d. Accomplish business objectives and use of network of friends and
acquaintances

3
LESSON 1

EXPLAIN THE CONCEPT OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP

WHAT IS THIS LESSON ABOUT?

This lesson discusses the concepts of entrepreneurship. It includes its

meaning, objectives, importance, and role to socio-economic development.

WHAT WILL YOU LEARN?

At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:

1. give the importance of entrepreneurship; and
2. explain the role of entrepreneurship in socio-economic development.

LET US STUDY

Words to Study

Economy is the system by which the production and consumption of goods

and services is organized in a country or community.
Employment is the state of being employed or having a job; the occupation
for which you are paid.
Enterprise is any activity which provides customers with a product
(goods/services) with a view to making a profit.
Entrepreneurship is the practice of starting new organizations, particularly
new business, generally in response to identified opportunities.
Small business is one that is independently owned and operated by the
owner.

One of the current issues under consideration at the moment is “the

problem of unemployment”. As you can understand, the importance of getting
work for all citizens has become a priority concern for the government.

Entrepreneurship and Socio-Economic Development

 Transforming ideas into economic opportunities is the index of

entrepreneurship. You only have to be a keen observer of what is

4
 happening in your environment. There and then you can formulate what
business you can later on engage in.

 Entrepreneurship is the capacity for innovation, investment and creation

and expansion in new markets, products and techniques. It has an extra
ordinary feature which is the creation of something new or something
unique. It is also a new way of making something out of something that
already exists thus, creating new markets.

INNOVATION- THE INTRODUCTION OF SOMETHING NEW

 Economically, entrepreneurship invigorates markets. The formation of

new business leads to job creation and has a multiplying effect on
economy.

INVIGORATES – TO GIVE LIFE, ENERGY, STRENGTH

 Socially, entrepreneurship empowers citizens, generates innovation and

changes mindsets. These changes have the potential to integrate
developing countries into the global economy.

 Entrepreneurship is an important factor in economic development. This

means that a country or society with a lot of entrepreneurs would tend to
be a productive community and thus produce wealth and spur economic
development.

The following benefits that result from entrepreneurship explain why

development takes place when a society becomes entrepreneurial:

1. Entrepreneurship creates employment

When entrepreneurs put up a business, they often need to hire at least one or
two other people in order to get things done. In fact, some businesses employ
hundreds and even thousands of workers.

2. Entrepreneurship improves the quality of life

Entrepreneurs continuously innovate and develop new products and

services based on what they perceive to be the needs of the society. They also
look for ways by which these goods and services could be more efficiently
produced. Such innovative efforts lead to better machines and a more
efficient production system. The development of new products and the
delivery of needed services make life easier and comfortable for society.

5
3. Entrepreneurship contributes to a more equitable distribution of
income and therefore eases social unrest.

By putting up an enterprise in the locality, entrepreneurs are actually

dispersing the benefits of development to other parts of the country.

When income is evenly distributed, entrepreneurship flourishes. People

have more money to buy the products and services they need, thereby
bringing in more profits to entrepreneurs. At the same time, people may also
have enough to invest on enterprises of their own, thus increasing the
supply of entrepreneurs.

The eradication of poverty will help solve social problems like crime,
juvenile delinquency, and malnutrition.

4. Entrepreneurship utilizes resources for national productivity.

Our country will develop faster economically if all its resources are
maximized. For example, in the rural areas we have vast agricultural
areas for the production of cereals and vegetables. If these areas are
developed and used to the maximum, the government need not to
import rice and other cereal products and other agricultural products,
thus, it saves much for the country.

5. Entrepreneurship brings social benefits through government.

With the revenues the government collects from taxes, duties, and licenses
paid by the entrepreneurs, the government allocate the money to different
services to the communities. These services come in the form of
infrastructure facilities such as roads and bridges, educational and
medical services and facilities, and maintenance of peace and order.

Activity:

With the readings presented to you, you are now convinced that you can
be an entrepreneur and that you can help alleviate poverty in our country.
If you wish to start a business and become an entrepreneur, what will be
your personal gains? List at least 3 Personal Gains:
What would your community and your country gain if you establish a
business and become an entrepreneur?

6
 Give at least 3 Personal Gains in your business (My gain, Community
Gain and Country Gain) by considering the table below.
My Businesses My Gain Community Gain Country Gain
1.
2.
3.

LET US REMEMBER

Entrepreneurship can bring valuable benefits such as self-employment for

people, improvement in goods and services, use of local raw materials, and
increased income for themselves which help improves the quality of life of
the people.

HOW MUCH HAVE YOU LEARNED?

Directions: Choose the correct answer from the options under each item. Write
the letter of the correct answer in a sheet of paper.

1. Which of the following best describe entrepreneurship?

a. has the capacity for innovation, investment and creation of
markets, products and techniques
b. empowers citizens, generates innovation and changes mindsets
c. creates employment
d. a, b, and c
2. The state of being employed or having a job refers to .
a. job creation
b. employment
c. occupation
d. entrepreneurship
3. Every activity that an individual undertake in and out of the school
prepares one to be productive in the future. A productive individual is
one who is .
a. able to make a living for himself out of his own effort
b. able to transforms ideas into productive endeavor
c. able to influence others to engage in business
d. a and b
4. What happens when entrepreneurial activities slow down?
a. Unemployment
b. Improve quality of life
c. Increase tax revenues
d. Even distribution of income

7
 5. Which of the following is the index of entrepreneurship?
a. Developing a small elite class
b. transforming ideas into economic opportunities
c. searching, identifying and developing raw materials
d. innovating and developing new products and services

LET US APPLY WHAT YOU HAVE LEARNED

Identify a progressive community/ commercial center within your

immediate community. Interview a successful businessman/ entrepreneur in
that area and find out from him/ her how he is helping the community (in
particular) and the Philippines (in general) because of his business
establishment. Prepare and present a report on this interview tomorrow.

REFERENCES:

Asuncion, Jr. Ramon G.; et.al.; Entrepreneurship: Abiba Publishing House,

INC: Copyright 1992.

Leuterio, Florida C.; Technology and Livelihood Education for Sustainable

Development: St. Augustine Publications, Inc.: Don Quijote St.,
Sampaloc, Manila Philippine Copyright 2005.

Suratos, Cesar P. and J. S. Simpliciano; Technology and Livelihood Education

II: Latest Edition, St. Bernadette Publications, Inc.: Cubao, Quezon City
2006

Principe, June B. et.al.; Technology and Home Economics for Secondary

Schools Fourth Year: FNB Educational, Inc.: #2 Uranus St., Corner
Jupiter Street, Congresional Subdivision, Project 6, Quezon City. 2000

Technology and Home Economics III. Business Technology, Business

Management I. Experimental Education, 1993.

http://www.isquare.com/qualities.cfm
http:www.wikieducator.org/VUSSC/Content/Entrepreneurship/Starting-Up-a-
Business/Objectives

8
LESSON 2

IDENTIFY DESIRABLE CHARACTERISTICS OF A SUCCESSFUL

ENTREPRENEUR BASED ON PECs

WHAT IS THIS LESSON ABOUT?

This lesson deals with the desirable characteristics of a successful

entrepreneur based on the behavioral indicators of Personal Entrepreneurial
Characteristics (PECs) cluster

WHAT WILL YOU LEARN?

At the end of the lesson you should be able to:

1. identify the desirable characteristics of a successful entrepreneur;

2. explain and differentiate the clusters of Personal Entrepreneurial
Characteristics (PECs); and
3. recognize and differentiate the behavioral indicators of each cluster.

LET US STUDY
\
Words to Study

Integrity - uprightness of character, honesty

Innovation - acts of introduction something new
Obstacle - a hindrance or obstruction in either physical or moral sense
Opportunity - a favorable or advantageous circumstance
Passion - a powerful emotion, such as love joy
Persistence - act of persisting in any course or enterprise; perseverance
Risk - the possibility of suffering harm or loss
Do you have a strong desire to become a successful entrepreneur? Would
you like to know if you have what it takes to build a successful business?

9
 1. Integrity - someone once said, “Right is right
even if no one is doing it, and wrong is wrong even
Characteristics if everyone is doing it” We all hear stories about
corporate greed and corruption. However, the
truth is, successful entrepreneurs are rated “being
honest with everyone” the number one factor of
their success.
and
2. Self –discipline – to become a successful
entrepreneur you have to be highly disciplined. If
you are trying to build a business from the ground
Qualities up, you will be faced with doing all the job
functions of a company, such as accounting,
marketing and costumer service. You have to
develop the ability to get things done, even when
you don’t feel like it. Luckily, you learn self-
of discipline with the right information and
conscious effort.

3. People skills - another critical factor among

a
successful entrepreneurs is having good people
skills. You should make an effort to genuinely like,
respect, and appreciate other people. The ability to
win people over will carry you far in all walks of
life, especially your own business.
Successful

4. Strong work ethics – there’s no substitute for

hard work when it comes to becoming a successful
Entrepreneur entrepreneur. Most people want to do the fastest
and easiest solution when it comes to work. To be
successful, dedicate yourself to persistent,
productive, and old fashioned hard work.

10
 5. Passion – you need to be passionate about your
business. This doesn’t necessarily mean you have
to build a business around something you love.
You should identify a profitable market and then
build your business.
Characteristics Loving your business will also make it easier
to get through the start-up phase, and other
future obstacles.

and
6. Strong leadership qualities- being able to
communicate effectively, motivate others, sell your
ideas, and be decisive, are just a few qualities of a
good leader. In order to become a successful
Qualities entrepreneur you must dedicate yourself of
improving your leadership and abilities.

7. Competitiveness – competition is everywhere.

of
In business, it is the survival of the fittest. If you
can out market and outperform your competitors,
your chance of being a successful entrepreneur
will be much better. Play to win, but never
sacrifice your integrity for the sake of a few bucks.
a

8. Well-organized – One of the main reason why

small businesses fail is lack of organization.
Successful
Everyone can learn organization skills with enough
hard work, practice and persistence.

Entrepreneur 9. Sales ability- The ability to convince others to

make a conscious decision is a key of becoming a
successful entrepreneur “People don’t buy for
logical reasons. They buy for emotional reasons”.
Being able to appeal to other people emotions is
the key to selling your ideas, products or services.

11
 Personal Entrepreneurial Characteristics Clusters and Behavioral
Indicators

Behavioral scientists and psychologists who have been studying

entrepreneurs found that successful entrepreneurs all over the world have
some characteristics in common. They were able to identify ten personal
entrepreneurial characteristics (PECs) under the following clusters:

I. Achievement Cluster

Successful entrepreneurs are people who accomplish things. They have

what psychologists call the “need to achieve” They want to perform tasks
excellently not only for prestige or money but for the sake of excellence itself.
When entrepreneurial individual work on something, they like to know
afterwards that it was a job well done and this alone is enough to make them
happy.

Achievers rate high in the following PECs

1. Opportunity-Seeking. An entrepreneur is said to be a good opportunity-

seeker if he sees and acts on new business opportunities and seizes
unusual opportunities to acquire financing, equipment, land and work
space or assistance.

2. Persistence. A persistent individual is one who

a. takes different actions to overcome an obstacle

b. makes personal sacrifice or spends extraordinary efforts to
complete a job
c. sticks to his judgments in the face of opposition or early lack of
success

3. Commitment to the Work Contract. The true-blue entrepreneur is

committed to the work that he has agreed to do. When he accepts a job,
he takes full responsibility for its completion. No job is too small, too
dirty or too difficult to be done. When necessary, he pitches in for
workers to get things done. He exerts extra effort to satisfy the costumer.
In the end, if he fails he would take full measure of the blame. But if he
succeeds, he expects to get full credit.

4. Risk Taking. A gambler is a person who takes high risks and so he

tends to lose all his money and even his shirts in the end. An
entrepreneur is not a gambler. A successful entrepreneur takes
calculated, moderate, or reasonable risks where he perceives the chances

12
 for winning to be good. In other words, he states a preference for
situations that involve moderate risks.

5. Demand for Quality and Efficiency. A true entrepreneur is not satisfied

with mediocre work. He sets a high standard of performance. The high
standard of performance makes him act to meet or exceed existing
standards of excellence or improve on past performance. He strives to do
things better, faster, or cheaper.

II. Planning Cluster

Going into business is the result of deliberate goal-setting, tireless

information-seeking and systematic planning and monitoring by the
entrepreneur.

a. Goal-Setting. An entrepreneur always thinks not only of what he wants

to accomplish day-to-day but also in one, two, or five years from now.
In other words, he sets clear and specific short-and-long term
objectives. He thinks of today’s activity as a small step towards that
which he eventually wants to accomplish.
b. Information-Seeking. As a careful planner, the successful
entrepreneur always makes it a point to seek information that is
relevant and useful to his present or future business. He obtains
information from clients, suppliers, experts, competitors, contacts, and
information networks. He also consults experts for business or
technical advice.
c. Systematic Planning and Monitoring. The successful entrepreneur
does not only set short-and-long –term goals. He does not only seek
information regularly. He also systematically plans and monitors his
activities and performance. He develops and uses alternatives and
monitors his progress. He is ready to switch to alternative strategies
when necessary to achieve his goals.

III. Power Cluster

The personal motto of a successful entrepreneur is “I can”. He thinks

that he can achieve things; he can convince people to his way of thinking; he
can influence the outcome of events. He is a natural leader. He is decisive and
he believes in his power.

a. Persuasion and networking. A persuasive person who readily

establishes a network or personal business contracts around him
usually makes a good entrepreneur. In order to persuade others, the
entrepreneur uses deliberate strategies. In order to accomplish his

13
business objectives he uses his network of useful friends and
acquaintances.

14
 b. Self-Confidence. The entrepreneur exudes self-confidence. He
strongly believes in himself and his own abilities. No challenge is too
difficult nor is a task too big that the entrepreneur would indulge in
self-doubt. When he enters a business, it is because he is confident
that the business would be successful and profitable.

Activity 1

Almost anyone can develop the qualities necessary to succeed as an

entrepreneur. To illustrate, consider this question.

Who among the following is the most successful entrepreneur?

1. A 35 year-old farmer who has owned a two hectare pineapple plantation

for 10 years, makes just enough to get by, but loves what he is doing,
and calls everyone in the barangay a friend.

2. A 30 year-old CEO of a software firm who works 70 hours a week, stays

stressed, never sees his family, but makes five million pesos in revenue
per year.

3. A 35 year-old single mom who makes money online with internets, and
gets to spend all the time she wants with her kids.

4. A 22 year-old college dropout who created a few websites that he

manages a few hours per week and now makes enough to travel the
world, spends time with friends and family, and pursues his favorite
hobbies.

15
Activity 2

INSTRUCTIONS

I. This questionnaire contains 85 sentences. Read each one and decide

which describes you better. Be honest to yourself. The questionnaire’s
purpose is to help you make a self-evaluation; it is not a test and
there are no correct/wrong answers.
II. Choose the number associated to the sentence that describes your
behavior:

1. never
2. seldom
3. sometimes
4. most of the time
5. always

III. Write down the chosen number on the blanks provided for in each
sentence. See example:

I keep myself calm in these tense situations.

The person considered feels that the situation above seldom describes
his/her behavior; therefore he/she writes the number 2 on the
blanks.

16
 PECS SELF-RATING QUESTIONNAIRE

1. I look for things that need to be done. ______

2. I like challenges and new opportunities. ______
3. When I face a difficult problem,
I spend a lot of time to find a solution. ______
4. When I begin a work or project,
I gather all possible information available. ______
5. I get upset when things are not done well. ______
6. I make an effort to accomplish my work. ______
7. I find ways doing things faster. ______
8. I establish my own goals. ______
9. I plan a big job by dividing it into several small tasks. ______
10. I think of different solutions to solve problems. ______
11. I tell people when they do not perform as expected. ______
12. I feel I will succeed in any activity I engage. ______
13. I get support by others for my suggestions. ______
14. I develop strategies to influence others. ______
15. I compare my achievements to my expectations. ______
16. I know how much money is necessary
to develop my projects or activities. ______
17. I listen carefully to any person who talks to me. ______
18. I know what needs to be done;
I don’t need anyone to tell me what to do. ______
19. I prefer to accomplish task
that I dominate and feel safe doing them. ______
20. I insist several times to get someone to do what I want. ______
21. I search for advice from people
who know about the different aspects of my business ______
22. It is important for me to do high quality work. ______
23. I work for several hours and make
personal sacrifices in order to finish my work in time. ______
24. I don’t use my time in the best possible way. ______
25. I do things without a specific target in mind. ______
26. I carefully analyze the advantages
and disadvantages of several ways to execute a task. ______
27. I have my mind focused on many projects at the same time. ______
28. If I dislike someone’s attitude, I tell him/her. ______
29. I change my way of thinking
if other people strongly disagree with my point of view. ______
30. I convince other people of my opinions. ______
31. I don’t spend a lot of time thinking
how to influence other people’s ideas. ______
32. Regularly I check how far I am
from achieving the goals I have set. ______

17
33. I know how much money
I can expect in return for my projects. ______
34. I get upset when I don’t do what I want. ______
35. I do things even before it is clear to me
how they should be done. ______
36. I look for opportunities of doing new things. ______
37. When something hinders what I am trying to do,
I try to find other ways to accomplish my task. ______
38. I often do things without looking for
some information concerning the task. ______
39. My results at work are better than those from
people who work with me. ______
40. I do what it takes to have my work done. ______
41. I get upset when I waste time. ______
42. I do things that help me accomplish my objectives. ______
43. I try to anticipate all the problems that might happen and think
of what can be done in any case any of them take place. ______
44. Once I have chosen my solution to a problem,
I don’t change it. ______
45. It is difficult for me to instruct people
on what they should do. ______
46. When I try something difficult or something
that challenges me. I feel confident I will succeed. ______
47. I show people I am capable
of executing the task they have for me. ______
48. I seek important people to help me reach my goals. ______
49. I don’t know how far I am from achieving my goals.
50. I don’t care for the financial consequences of my acts. ______
51. I have failed in the past. ______
52. I do things before they become urgent. ______
53. I try to find new tasks,
different from the ones I have already done. ______
54. When I face a great difficulty, I look for other tasks. ______
55. When I have to do a job for someone, I ask many
questions to be sure I understood what he/she wants. ______
56. When my work is satisfactory,
I don’t depend more time trying to improve it. ______
57. When I am doing something for another person, I make
a lot of effort so he/she is very satisfied with my work. ______
58. I seek cheaper ways of doing things. ______
59. My goals correspond to what is important to me. ______
60. I face problems when they appear
instead of anticipating them. ______
61. I think of different ways of solving problems. ______
62. I show when I disagree to someone. ______

18
63. I do risky things. ______
64. I am very persuasive with other people. ______
65. When trying to reach my goals, I look for
solutions that would be positive for all people involved. ______
66. I coordinate the performance of people who work with me. ______
67. I have good control of my finances. ______
68. There have been times when I took advantage of people. ______
69. I wait for the orders of someone else, and then I act. ______
70. I take advantage from opportunities as they appear. ______
71. I try several ways to overcome the obstacles that disturb the
accomplishment of my goals. ______
72. I look for different sources of information
that could help me in my tasks or projects. ______
73. I want my business to be the best in the branch. ______
74. I don’t let my work interfere with my personal life. ______
75. Most of the money I use in my project or work is borrowed. ______
76. I have a clear vision of where I intend to get in the future. ______
77. I have logical and systematic approach of my activities. ______
78. If a way of solving a problem doesn’t work out, I try another. ______
79. I tell people what they have to do,
even if they don’t want to do it. ______
80. I stick to my decision, even when other people
strongly disagree with me. ______
81. I can’t change people’s opinion,
even with my strongest points of view. ______
82. I know who is able to help me to reach my objectives. ______
83. When I work with a deadline, I check regularly
if I will be able to finish my work in time. ______
84. My projects include financial information. ______
85. I have no problems to recognize something I don’t know. ______

19
 SCORE SHEET PECs SELF – RATING QUESTINNAIRE

Instructions:
1. Write down the answer for each sentence on the lines above the
correspondent number of the statement. Note that the numbers of
statements are serial in each column.
2. Make the calculation indicated in each line to compute the points for each
characteristic.
3. Sum up all the point obtained for each characteristic to obtain the total
score.

Choice for the statements Score Characteristic

____ + _____ + _____+ _____ + _____ + 6
(1) (18) (35) (52) (69) = _____ Shows initiative
____ + _____ + _____+ _____ + _____ + 6
(2) (19) (36) (53) (70) = _____ Is aware of opportunities and
____ + _____ + _____+ _____ + _____ + 6 takes advantages of them
(3) (20) (37) (54) (71) = _____ Is perseverant
____ + _____ + _____+ _____ + _____ + 6
(4) (21) (38) (55) (72) = _____ Searches for information
____ + _____ + _____+ _____ + _____ + 6
(5) (22) (39) (56) (73) = _____ Is aware of the importance of
____ + _____ + _____+ _____ + _____ + 6 high-quality work
(6) (23) (40) (57) (74) = _____ Knows the importance of
____ + _____ + _____+ _____ + _____ + 6 fulfilling tasks
(7) (24) (41) (58) (75) = _____ Is efficiency – oriented
____ + _____ + _____+ _____ + _____ + 6
(8) (25) (42) (59) (76) = _____ Is objective – oriented
____ + _____ + _____+ _____ + _____ + 6
(9) (26) (43) (60) (77) = _____ Makes systematic planning
____ + _____ + _____+ _____ + _____ + 6
(10) (27) (44) (61) (78) = _____ Looks for solutions for
____ + _____ + _____+ _____ + _____ + 6 problems
(11) (28) (45) (62) (79) = _____
____ + _____ + _____+ _____ + _____ + 6 Is assertive
(12) (29) (46) (63) (80) = _____
____ + _____ + _____+ _____ + _____ + 6 Is self – confident
(13) (30) (47) (64) (81) = _____
____ + _____ + _____+ _____ + _____ + 6 Is persuasive
(14) (31) (48) (65) (82) = _____
____ + _____ + _____+ _____ + _____ + 6 Uses strategies to influence
(15) (32) (49) (66) (83) = _____ people
____ + _____ + _____+ _____ + _____ + 6
(16) (33) (50) (67) (84) = _____ Monitors goals, achievements
____ + _____ + _____+ _____ + _____ + 6 and performances\
(17) (34) (51) (68) (85) = _____ Is aware of the importance of
FINAL SCORE = ______________________ financial information
(Entrepreneurial Profile) Correction Factor

20
 PECs SELF – RATING QUESTIONNAIRE - RESULTS
PROFILE
Shows initiative

Is aware of opportunities and

takes advantages of them
Is perseverant

Searches for information

Is aware of the importance of

high-quality work
Knows the importance of
fulfilling tasks
Is efficiency – oriented

Is objective – oriented

Makes systematic planning

Looks for solutions for

problems
Is assertive

Is self – confident

Is persuasive

Uses strategies to influence

people
Monitors goals, achievements
and performances\
Is aware of the importance of
financial information
Correction Factor

5 10 15 20 25

21
LET US REMEMBER

Early exposure to an enterprise culture and adequate training,

especially during youth or childhood, can help develop the qualities
of an individual and increase the chances of a successful
entrepreneurial career later.

Application Exercise

List your own PECs. Do you think you possess the PECs to become a
successful entrepreneur? What PECs do you still need to develop in order to
become a successful entrepreneur? Why?

HOW MUCH HAVE YOU LEARNED?

Directions: Choose the correct answer from the options under each item. Write
the letter of the correct answer in a sheet of paper.

1. Self discipline is important in putting up a business. Which selection

below contributes to the success of an entrepreneur?
a. Develop the ability to get things done, even when you don’t feel like
doing it
b. Dedicate yourself in improving your leadership, skills and abilities
c. Being able to appeal to other people’s emotions in selling your
ideas, products or services
d. Identify a profitable market and then build your business
2. To communicate effectively is one quality of a good entrepreneur. Which
of the options below is the most important?
a. Strong leadership qualities
b. Strong work ethics
c. Sales ability
d. Self discipline
3. In business, it is the survival of the fittest that counts. Which one of
these best describes competitiveness?
a. Play to win, but never to sacrifice your integrity for the sake of a
few bucks
b. Learn self discipline with the right information and conscious
efforts
c. Make an effort to genuinely like, respect and appreciate other
people
d. Identify a profitable market and build your business
4. Which PECs behavioral indicator meets or beats existing standards of
excellence to improve performance?
a. commitment to the work contract

22
 b. demand for quality and efficiency
c. opportunity seeking
d. persuasion and networking
5. Which of the statements below is NOT a good indicator of the PECs?
a. Developing systematic plans and monitoring activities and
performance
b. Developing and using alternatives to monitors progress
c. Ready to adopt to alternatives or strategies when necessary to
achieve goals
d. Accomplish business objectives and use network of friends and
acquaintances

REFERENCES:

Asuncion, Jr. Ramon G.; et.al.; Entrepreneurship: Abiba Publishing House,

INC: Copyright 1992.

Leuterio, Florida C.; Technology and Livelihood Education for Sustainable

Development: St. Augustine Publications, Inc.: Don Quijote St.,
Sampaloc, Manila Philippine Copyright 2005.

Suratos, Cesar P. and J. S. Simpliciano; Technology and Livelihood Education

II: Latest Edition, St. Bernadette Publications, Inc.: Cubao, Quezon City
2006

Principe, June B. et.al.; Technology and Home Economics for Secondary

Schools Fourth Year: FNB Educational, Inc.: #2 Uranus St., Corner
Jupiter Street, Congresional Subdivision, Project 6, Quezon City. 2000

Technology and Home Economics III. Business Technology, Business

Management I. Experimental Education, 1993.

http://www.isquare.com/qualities.cfm

http:www.wikieducator.org/VUSSC/Content/Entrepreneurship/Starting-Up-a-
Business/Objectives

DTI provided PEC’s, Go Negosyo Teen Edition 2007, Teachers’ Camp, Baguio
City

23
Post-Test

Let us find out how much you have learned. Read and understand the items
being described below. Choose the letter of the correct answer and write it in
your quiz notebook.

1. Which of the following is the index of entrepreneurship?

a. Developing a small elite class
b. transforming ideas into economic opportunities
c. searching, identifying and developing raw materials
d. innovating and developing new products and services
2. Which of the following is NOT closely associated with entrepreneurship?
a. flexibility factors
b. change and creativity
c. knowledge and innovation
d. none of these
3. What happens when entrepreneurial activities slow down?
a. Income is evenly distributed
b. Tax revenues are increased
c. Quality of life is improved
d. Country’s unemployment rate goes up
4. Which of the following is NOT true about entrepreneurship?
a. Entrepreneurship contributes significantly to the continuous
improvement of living standards
b. Entrepreneurship helps the development of a handful of people
getting rich through enterprise
c. Entrepreneurship activities slow down the country’s unemployment
rates
d. Entrepreneurship provides an opportunity for making unproductive
use of capital resources
5. An entrepreneur is aware of _______________.
a. his family’s activities
b. his business competitors
c. the way he carries himself in public
d. the present demand for certain products or services in his community
6. Self discipline is important in putting up a business. Which statements
below contributes to the success of an entrepreneur?
a. Develop the ability to get things done, even when you don’t feel like it
b. Dedicate yourself in improving your leadership, skills and abilities
c. Being able to appeal to other people’s emotions in selling your ideas,
products or services
d. Identify a profitable market and then build your business
7. To communicate effectively is one quality of a good entrepreneur. Which
of the options below is the most important quality?
a. Sales ability

24
 b. Self discipline
c. Strong work ethics
d. Strong leadership qualities
8. In business, it is the survival of the fittest that counts, Which of the
statements below best describes competitiveness?
a. Identify a profitable market and build your business
b. Make an effort to genuinely like, respect and appreciate other people
c. Learn self discipline with the right information and conscious efforts
d. Play to win, but never to sacrifice your integrity for the sake of a few
pesos.
9. Which PECs behavioral indicator meets or beats existing standards of
excellence to improve performance?
a. Opportunity seeking
b. Persuasion and networking
c. Demand for quality and efficiency
d. Commitment to the work contract
10. Which of the statements below is NOT a good indicator of the PECs?
a. Developing and using alternatives to monitor progress
b. Ready to adopt to alternatives or strategies when necessary
c. Developing systematic plans and monitoring activities and
performance
d. Accomplish business objectives and use of network of friends and
acquaintances

25
KEY TO CORRECTIONS

PRE-TEST

1. b 6. a
2. d 7. d
3. d 8. d
4. b 9. c
5. d 10. d

Lesson 1
1. d
2. b
3. d
4. a
5. b

Lesson 2
1. a
2. d
3. a
4. b
5. d

POST-TEST
1. b 6. a
2. d 7. d
3. d 8. d
4. b 9. c
5. d 10. d

26