Technical Data There are two types: one is Type ZZ fitted with shield plates

on both sides and the other is Type Z fitted with a plate on one side.
1. Construction and Characteristics of Since the shields are non-contact type, friction torque is very low.
Rolling Bearings
1.2.2 Sealed ball bearings
1.1 Rolling bearing construction
Like shielded ball bearings, sealed ball bearings have the
Most rolling bearings consist of rings with raceways(an inner
same boundary dimensions as those of the open type bearings.
and an outer ring), rolling elements(either balls or rollers) and a
cage. The cage separates the rolling elements at regular intervals,
holds them in place within the inner and outer raceways, and
allows them to rotate freely. See Fig. 1.1.
Theoretically, rolling bearings are so constructed as to allow
the rolling elements to rotate orbitally while also rotating on their
own axes at the same time.
While the rolling elements and the bearing rings take any
load applied to the bearings (at the contact point between the Fig. 1.1 Rolling bearings
rolling elements and raceway surfaces), the cage takes no direct
load. It only serves to hold the rolling elements at equal distances
from each other and prevent them from falling out.

1.2 Deep groove ball bearings

Deep groove ball bearings are very widely used. A deep
groove is formed on each inner and outer ring of the bearing
enabling them to sustain radial and axial loads in either direction as
well as the combined loads which result from the combination of
these forces. Deep groove ball bearings are suitable for high speed
applications. In addition to the open type, deep groove ball
bearings come in a number of varieties, including pre-lubricated
bearings, bearings with one or both sides sealed or shielded, Fig. 1.2 The construction of deep groove ball bearing

bearings with snap rings and high capacity specification, etc. The Table 1.1 Cage type and material

construction of deep groove ball bearing is shown in Fig. 1.2. Type

As shown in Table 1.1, pressed cages are generally used in

deep groove ball bearings. However, machined cages are also Pressed steel riveted cage
used in larger sized bearings designed for high speed applications.

1.2.1 Shielded ball bearings Pressed steel ribbon cage

Shielded ball bearings are deep groove ball bearings having
the same boundary dimensions as those of open type bearings.
Protection against the penetration of foreign material and the
Plastic snap cage
prevention of grease leakage are provided by the steel shield
plates of these bearings.

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Sealed ball bearings also have the function of keeping foreign
matter out and grease in with seals.
Seals consisting of synthetic rubber molded to a steel plate
are incorporated into the outer rings of these ball bearings. There
are two major types of sealed bearings: contact type and
non-contact type sealed bearings. The LLU type is equipped with
two contact seals, one on each side of the bearings while the LLB
type uses non-contact type seas instead. Similar construction to
LLU type, the LLH type sealed bearings perform better low torque
characteristics than that of LLU type because of its special lip
design. Basically, bearings with contact seals have excellent and
effective functions of dust and water proofing while bearings with
non-contact seals are suitable for applications requiring low torque
operation.
1.2.3 Expansion compensating bearings
Expansion compensating bearings have the same boundary
dimensions as standard bearings, except that a high polymer
material with a large coefficient of thermal expansion has been
inserted along the outer circumference of the outer ring. Due to the
extremely small difference of thermal expansion attained between
the fitted surfaces of the high polymer and the light alloy bearing
housing, a good interference fit can be achieved with stable
performance across a wide temperature range. Another advantage
is a large reduction in the occurrence of outer ring creeping.
In cases where the bearing is going to be interference fit
with the housing, it is very important not to damage the high
polymer material. Regulations for radial internal clearance are the
same as those for standard deep groove ball bearings. For
standard fit and application conditions, a C3 clearance is used with
this bearing.
1.2.4 CSB ball bearings
CSB bearings have the same boundary dimensions as
standard deep groove ball bearings, but have undergone a special
heat treatment that considerably extends wear life. These bearings
are especially effective in countering reduced wear life due to the
effects of infiltration by dust and other foreign matter. CSB 62
series bearings can be used in place of standard 63 series
bearings enabling lighter weight, more compact designs.
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1.2.5 ESB bearings
ESB bearings have the same boundary dimensions as
standard deep groove ball bearings, but have undergone a special
heat treatment and surface structure stabilization with nitrogen
under the proper material and conditions. ESB bearings are
designed to be able to withstand in the harsh lubrication conditon
containing hard foreign matter. These bearings enhance wear
property and fatigue life even superior to CSB bearings under such
condition.
1.2.6 AC bearings (creep prevention bearings)
AC bearings have the same boundary dimensions as
standard bearings with the addition of two O-rings imbedded in the
outside circumference of the outer ring. This bearing has a steel
housing, can withstand rotating outer ring loads, and is suitable for
applications where a "tight fit" is not possible but the fear of
creeping exists. With its capacity for axial load displacement, an
AC bearing can also be installed as a floating side bearing to
accommodate shaft fluctuations.
1.2.7 TS bearings
Special care is needed for bearings used in high operating
temperature, such as 120oC and above. The TS bearings is
designed to accommodate such strict condition. These TS bearings
are dimension stabilized and can be withstand in operation with
high temperature up to 250 oC.
1.2.8 Low noise bearings
The smaller sizes of series 60 and 62 with shields and seals
are also available in a special low noise quality for applications
where silent running is of prime importance, such as the application
of fan motors in air conditioning. The low noise bearings require
good running accuracy and made by improved washing and
assembly manufacturing process. In addition, The bearings are
usually pre-lucricated with low noise grease.
In order to prevent fretting corrosion on raceways and balls
of bearings due to poor transportation condition in some areas. The
Greases with good fretting resistance and low noise characteristics
is selected and performs well in such condition.
1.2.9 BL (maximum capacity type) ball bearings
 The boundary dimensions of the maximum capacity ball
bearings are the same as those of series 62 and 63 of deep groove
ball bearings. In order to assemble the steel balls, filling slots are
provided on both inner and outer rings of the bearings. Accordingly,
more steel balls are assembled in these bearings than those of the
standard type deep groove ball bearings. Therefore, the load
carrying capacity becomes 20% to 35% larger than that of standard
bearings. Due to the filling slot, BL bearings are not suitable for
applications that employ heavy axial loads.
Fig. 1.3 Expansion compensating bearing
Fig. 1.4 AC bearing
Fig. 1.5 Angular contact ball bearing
1.2.10 Angular contact ball bearings
In mechanical design, if subject to both radial and axial
loads, the so-called angular contact bearings are recommended to
such loading condition. According to various load ratio of axial to
radial load, these bearings with appropriate contact angle may be
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applied. They are usually applied in duplex arrangement to gain
axial rigidity. In high speed spindle application, angular contact ball
bearings need to be adjusted with higher dimensional and running
accuracy, precision cage, and used in an appropriate way of
lubrication to reach their maximum speed.
Other types of angular contact ball bearings include thrust
angular contact bearings and double row angular contact ball
bearings. Thrust angular contact bearings with a larger contact
angle of 60° boast greater axial rigidity. Besides, since balls are
used as the rolling elements, the starting torque of a angular
contact thrust ball bearing is less than that of a roller bearing.The
structure of double row angular contact ball bearingsis designed by
arranging two single row angular contact bearings back-to-back in
duplex (DB) to form in one bearing with a contact angle of 30°.
These bearings are capable of accommodating radial loads, axial
loads in either direction, and have a high capacity for momentary
loads as well.
1.2.11 Stainless ball bearings
Stainless ball bearings have the same boundary dimensions
and ISO tolerance as standard deep groove ball bearings, but have
better corrosive resistance than standard bearings in special
environments.
The rings and balls of these bearings are made of
martensite stainless steel with hardness at least HRc 58 , while
cages and shields are made of austenite stainless steel, please
refer to 8. Bearing Material for their chemical composition.
1.3 Cylindrical roller bearings
Cylindrical roller bearings have a larger load carrying
capacity which make them more suitable for applications requiring
long life and endurance for heavy loads and shock loads.
Cylindrical roller bearings can be categorized into
cylindrical roller bearings and needle roller bearings, according to
its roller dimension ratio: ratio of roller length to its diameter.
1.3.1 Needle Roller bearings
Needle roller bearings have relatively smaller diameter
cylindrical rolling elements whose length is much larger that their
diameter.
Compared with other types of rolling bearings, needle roller
bearings have a small cross-sectional height and significant
load-bearing capacity and rigidity relative to their volume. Also,
because the inertial force action on them is limited, they are ideal
choice for oscillating motion. Needle roller bearings contribute to
compact light weight machine designs. They serve also as a ready
replacement for sliding bearings.
TPI offers two types of needle roller bearings commonly
used in motorcycle industry: needle roller and cage assembly and
drawn-cup needle roller bearing。Needle roller and cage assembly
is the most commonly used needle roller bearings. It comprises
needle rollers and a cage to support the rollers. It is used typically
for connecting rods in reciprocating compressors and small- and
mid-sized internal combustion engines such as those for
motorcycles. This assembly features such a cage that is
specifically optimized for severe operating conditions involving high
impact loads, complicated motions, high speed revolution and/or
high operating temperatures.
The drawn-cup needle roller bearing is composed of an
outer ring drawn from special thin steel plate by precision deep
drawing, needle rollers, and a cage assembled in the outer ring
after the hardened raceway surface. This bearing is the type of the
lowest section height, of the rolling bearings with outer ring, and a
best-suited to space-saving design.