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What is Ip Address
Ip Address is a numerical label assigned to the each
device to participate in network that uses ip for
communication or it is also called logical address
which is generally mandatory for any computer
device to connect to internet.
There are two version of the IP
1. IPV4 it is 32bit address divided in 4 octats (bit
represented in binary in 0 and 1 form and then
binary value divided in 4 octats and converted in
hexadecimal no which is called ip address)
For Ex 198.168.191.1
2. IPV6 it is 128 bit address
Range of ip address is 0 to 255
Class in ip address
Class A 1.0.0.0 to 126.0.0.0 (127.0.0.0) Reserved
for loop back
Class B 128.0.0.0 to 191.255.0.0
Class C 192.0.0.0 to 223.255.255.0
Class D 224.0.0.0 to 239 multicasting puspose
Class E 240 to 255 used for research
How to identify class of the ip
Check first octat only check range and identify
137.34.45.44 = class A
Class A N H H H
Class B N N H H
Class C N N N H
Network bit represented by 1 and host bit by 0
190.20.30.40(class B)
Subnet mask =255.255.0.0
12.20.30.40(class )
Subnet mask =255.0.0.0
156.20.30.40
Calculate network id, broadcast id , no of usable
host
Network id = 156.20.0.0
Broadcast id = 156.20.255.255
Usable host= 2^H-2 (H= total host bit in
network id)= 2^16-2 =65534(no of computer can
be connected)
-2 means two ips can’t be used
2= network id + broadcast id
What is subnetting
Network within a network/ logically division of
ip addresses
10 20 20
50 4
Router is a internetworking device. So same
network id can’t be given to different interfaces
of the router because router always used to
communicate between two different networks