SENA

Masonry
Jaime Luis salcedo Cantillo

04/10/2019
STEP BY STEP TO ACHIEVE THE LIFTING OF A WALL IN
MASONRY

* Cement walls are usually very common in all types of construction, so we leave you
with a basic guide so that the lifting of these walls is done easily.

plasterer concrete worker at wall of house construction

plasterer concrete worker at wall of house construction

Consider the project specifications, physical safety, work tools and care in the handling
of the material before starting construction.

First the Preparation of the land:

* Remove inappropriate materials: debris, topsoil.

* Perform interior and side drains.

* Make trenches for installations and foundation mesh.

* Place 4 cm poor concrete for foundation beams.

Plane of the first course: on planes, the plane of the first course must be identified with
openings of doors and windows, duct cells.

Placement of the starting frame: Once the foundation irons are placed, the longitudinal
reinforcement of the walls must be fixed and anchored according to the plans.

Foundation of the wall: the construction of structural masonry buildings begins its
process from the foundation. Therefore, before emptying the concrete from the
foundation, it must be verified that all vertical reinforcements of the structural walls
comply with the anchorage length in the foundation system.
Then comes the Waterproofing of the floor slabs: the slabs built directly on the ground
must be waterproofed can be through a polyethylene film between the floor and the
plate, to prevent the rise of moisture.

Construction of the wall: The same process is followed for the construction of non-
structural masonry walls.

First course

* Overlay waterproofing.

* Placement of the courses.

* Cutting of masonry units

* Paste the units with the mortar.

Later the Wall Finishing is done: the finishing of the wall must be done before the
mortar hardens, but is able to withstand the pressure of a finger, to be able to
immediately remove the excess mortar that drains or protrudes from the wall of each
unit.

Pipeline placement: The professional Raúl Rojas points out that it is inconvenient to
break the walls to introduce the pipelines of the facilities, since the structural resistance
of the wall would be weakening. The pipelines of electrical installations can be
introduced in the walls, in cells that do not carry reinforcement and injection,
progressively with the elevation of the wall. Their boxes for exits must be located on
perforations, so that the ducts can be placed inside the cells. The pipelines for
hydrosanitary installations must be placed in buitrones or non-structural walls.

Reinforcement placement: All reinforcement must be embedded in the filling mortar or

glue mortar, and must be located in such a way that the minimum coating, anchoring,
adhesion and minimum and maximum separation requirements with respect to
masonry units are met and other reinforcements.
Injection mortar placement:

* Check cleanliness of the cell

* Mortar injection starts when mortar sticks have hardened (24-48 hours later lifted
wall).

* Mortar injection can be manual, with funnels, hoses or pumping.

* The emptying of the mortar should be suspended 5 cm below the level of the wall in
each operation.

* The injected mortar should be compacted with a rounded tip vibrator.

* You cannot bend or unfold the reinforcement once the injection mortar has hardened.

Construction of beams: After placing the units on the wall, the reinforcement is
arranged in the beams and then proceed to empty the concrete.

After this comes the Curing of the walls: Reinforced masonry walls must be cured to
prevent the mortar filling and glue losing the mixing water that allows the cement to
hydrate and give strength and adhesion to the joint. For curing, the exposed face of the
joint mortar is moistened with a damp brush or covering the wall with impermeable
sheets that retard the evaporation of the mortar water.

finally the construction of the mezzanine slabs: The elements of the mezzanine slab
that rest directly on the walls must be sufficiently supported during construction and
permanently linked to the walls. Mooring beams must be part of the entrepi system