Vous êtes sur la page 1sur 4

UNIVERSITY OF CALOOCAN CITY

Congressional North Campus


Topic: FREUD’S MIND: THREE LEVEL OF CONCIOUSNESS
Discussant: Moya, Arlyn G.
BSE-ENG 1A
•Conscious
-It is best defined as those things that we are able to see or also called as "mind's eyes".
-It is a small part of who we are.
-The tip that visible above the surface in Topographic model, whereas the bulk of the
important workings of the mind lurk mysteriously beneath the surface.
•Preconscious
-It is those things that we are aware but we are not paying attention.
-It consists of memories that are not presently conscious but can be easily brought into
consciousness.
-The preconscious mind is the vast storehouse of easily accessible memories.
-The content of the preconscious were once conscious and can be returned in consciousness
when needed.
•Unconscious
-According to Freud, the unconscious continues to influence our behavior and experience,
even though we are unaware of these underlying influences. Thus the unconscious mind can
be seen as the source of dreams and automatic thoughts (those that appear without any
apparent cause),
-It stores the primitive instinctual motives. In addition, the unconscious mind contains
memories and emotions that are so threatening to the conscious mind that they have been
pushed into the unconscious through the process of repression.
-Repression is the unpleasant information is often pushed into unconsciousness without our
being aware of it.
-The content of the unconscious mind are not normally accessible to consciousness. They
can rarely be made fully conscious and then only with great difficulty.
TOPOGRAPHICAL MODEL
-Topographic theory was first described by Freud in "The Interpretation of Dreams" (1900)
-These systems are not anatomical structures of the brain, rather mental processes.

Trait Theory: Describing the Consistencies of Personality


- Trait theories are more concerned with describing traits than explaining their origins.
- Traits are defines as relatively enduring patterns of behavior that are relatively consistent
across situation.
- The best known trait theory is a classic theory of Gordon Allport and Contemporary Five-
Factor Personality Theory

ALLPORT'S TRAIT THEORY


- Gordon Allport believed that the most important trait are those related to our values
- Allport's believed that trait could be ranked in terms of their importance as cardinal, central
or secondary.
1. Cardinal traits are those dominate a person's life .
2. A central trait is also important that influence and organize much of our behavior but
not to the extent of cardinal trait.
3. Secondary trait is much more specific and much less important to a comprehensive
description of a person's personality.
FIVE-FACTOR MODEL OF PERSONALITY
-There is now considerable consensus among the traits theorist that five broad traits provide
a complete description of our personalities (Ashton, Lee. & Goldberg, 2004; McCrae &
Costa, 1987.1999; McCrae & Terraciano, 2005)
- The personality traits have been developed to measure these five traits. The goal is to use
the information that the person taking the test gives to determined whether the person is high
or low in the given trait.
-These five basic personality traits are influenced by both inheritance and our experiences.
- It is also called as "The five robust factors" or "The big five"
1. Openness to Experience
- It is also sometimes called intellect or imagination.
-Its concerns is people’s willingness to try to new things or intellectual experiences, their
ability to be vulnerable, and their capability to think outside the box or being open minded.
2. Conscientiousness
- is a trait that can be described as the tendency to control impulses and act in socially
acceptable ways, behaviors that facilitate goal-directed behavior (John & Srivastava, 1999).
-Conscientious people excel in their ability to delay gratification, work within the rules, and
plan and organize effectively.
3. Extroversion
-This factor has two familiar ends of its spectrum: extroversion and introversion.
- It concerns where an individual draws their energy from and how they interact with
others.
-In general, extroverts draw energy from or recharge by interacting with others, while
introverts get tired from interacting with others and replenish their energy with solitude.
4. Agreeableness
-This factor concerns how well people get along with others.
-Extroversion concerns in a sources of energy and the pursuit of interactions with others,
agreeableness concerns one’s orientation to others.
- It is a construct that rests on how an individual generally interacts with others.
5. Neuroticism
-Neuroticism is not a factor of meanness or incompetence, but one of confidence and being
comfortable in one’s own skin.
- It encompasses one’s emotional stability and general temper.

Examples of personal traits in the ‘Big Five Theory’

NEUROTISM EXTRAVERSION OPENNESS


Calm vs. Worrying Retiring vs. Sociable Conventional vs. Original
At-ease vs. Nervous Sober vs. Fun-loving Down to earth vs. Imaginative
Relaxed vs. High strung Reserved vs. Affectionate Uncreative vs. Creative
Secure vs. Insecure Quiet vs. Talkative Narrow interest vs. Broad interest
Comfortable vs. Self Loner vs. Joiner
conscious

AGREEABLENESS CONSCIENTIOUSNESS
Irritable vs. Good natured Negligent vs. Conscientious
Ruthless vs. Soft hearted Careless vs. Careful
Selfish vs. Selfless Undependable vs. Reliable
Callous vs. Sympathetic Lazy vs. hardworking
Vengeful vs. Forgiving Disorganized vs. Well organized

References:
Freud S (1900), The Interpretation of Dreams, IV and V (2nd ed.), Hogarth Press, 1955
Freud S (1915), The Unconscious, XIV (2nd ed.), Hogarth Press, 1955
journalpsyche.org/understanding-the-human-mind/
https://allpsych.com/personalitysynopsis/drives/
https://www.scribd.com/document/99170598/The-Big-5-Model-of-Personality
Psychology.glencoe.co.
Lahey, B.(2009).Psychology an Introduction.McGrawHill

Vous aimerez peut-être aussi