THE INDIAN PUBLIC SCHOOL – CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL

GRADE 8 – GLOBAL PERSPECTIVES - 1129

GLOSSARY TERMS AND

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

Name _____________________________________________ Sec ____

 Glossary Terms
1. Active listening: the process in which the listener takes active
responsibility to understand the content and feeling of what is
being said and then checks with the speaker to see if he/ she
heard what the speaker intended to communicate.
2. Aim/goal: something you want to achieve.
3. Alleviate: ease, lessen, reduce.
4. Amiables: people who are organised and like to perform work for
the team.
5. Analyse (command word): break something down.
6. Analyse: break down a global topic into issues and explore the
causes and consequences of these issues.
7. Analytical: people who assess and evaluate work done to ensure
a. deadlines are met and the project is completed well.
8. Anecdote: short story, usually to make the listeners laugh or think
about a topic.
9. Argument: a line of reasoning to support a given perspective,
idea, action or issue.
10. Assertion: another word fora statement or claim.
11. Association: linking groups of ideas to each other.
12. Assumption: something that is accepted as true or as certain to
happen, without proof.
13. Benefits: advantages of doing something.
14. Biased: showing an inclination or prejudice for or against one
person or group, especially in a way considered to be unfair.
15. Biodiversity: the variety of plant and animal life in the world or in
a particular habitat.
16. Cause: is responsible for making something happen/is the reason
behind something happening.
17. Challenges: difficulties that arise that need to be overcome.
18. Chunking: breaking down information into smaller, more
manageable pieces.
19. Citing: quoting from or referencing a particular author or
publication, usually in the main body of the work.
20. Claim: an assertion that something is true.
21. Collaborate: work together with others.
22. Collective effort: activities by a group of people working together
to achieve a common purpose.
23. Command word: a command word in a question indicates the
type of answer required.
24. Communication: the means of transferring information from one
place to another, either by using spoken and written texts or by
non-verbal means.
25. Compare (command word): look for and state the differences /
similarities.
26. Comparison: a consideration of the similarities and differences
between two things or people.
27. Compromise: agreeing to a solution regardless of differing
perspectives.
28. Concept: a difficult idea.
29. Conclusion: a judgement or decision reached.
30. Consequence: happens because of something else/ is a result or
effect of something.
31. Consider (command word): think about the different choices
given.
32. Consistency: logical coherence.
33. Context: background or circumstances that form the setting for
an event, statement, or idea.
34. Convention: a custom, or a way of acting or doing something that
is widely accepted and followed.
35. Counter: argue against something.
36. Course of action: A plan or method used for achieving a specific
aim or goal.
37. Creativity: the ability to generate something new from already
existing knowledge and ideas.
38. Credibility: being convincing or believable.
39. Credible: how convincing or believable something is.
40. Critical thinking: actively applying, analysing, synthesising, and/or
evaluating information gathered from observation, experience,
reflection, reasoning, or communication.
41. Cross-reference: reference to another source that gives the same
or similar information, or elaborates on the original.
42. Cultural perspectives: the way that individuals are shaped by
their environment as well as social and cultural factors, such as
nationality, race and gender, which affect their viewpoint.
43. Culture: the ideas, customs, and social behaviour of a particular
people or society, or a particular group of people within a society.
44. Debate: a formal discussion on a particular issue in a public
meeting, in which opposing arguments are put forward and which
usually ends with a vote.
45. Deduction: the process of reaching a decision or answer by
thinking about the known evidence.
46. Disguised: hidden, camouflaged or covered up.
47. Documentary films: factual films/programmes about real-life
issues.
48. Drivers: people who take charge and lead.
49. Economic: to do with money.
50. Ecosystem: the living things, from plants and animals to
microscopic organisms that share an environment.
51. Effective listening: listening to the words of the speaker and the
meaning of the words.
52. Elicit: to draw out (information; a reaction, answer, or fact) from
someone.
53. Emotive words: moving language, used by the writer or speaker
to try make us feel something.
54. Empathy: compassion and understanding for the situation of
others who are perhaps less fortunate than you are.
55. Encode: translate into understanding.
56. Ethics: principles of what is right and wrong that govern a
person's behaviour in a particular context, for example when
conducting an activity like research.
57. Evaluate (command word): identify strengths and weaknesses.
58. Evaluation: assessment of the strengths and weaknesses.
59. Evidence: the available facts or information to support an
argument, indicating whether something is true.
60. Exaggeration: too much emphasis on something.
61. Explain (command word): a detailed response that gives reasons
for how and/or why.
62. Explanation: details about how the outcome meets the project
aim and shows different cultural perspectives.
63. Expressives: people who are willing to share ideas, opinion and
feelings.
64. Face value: to take something someone is saying at face value is
to believe that it is the truth, rather than looking for evidence, any
hidden meaning or the bigger picture.
65. Fact: Something that is known or can be proved to be true.
66. Fallacy: an error in reasoning or a mistaken idea.
67. Family: a basic social unit consisting of parents or guardians and
their children, considered as a group, whether living together or
not.
68. First draft: a version of a piece of work, such as the Individual
Report or the Explanation for the Team Project that you write
before working on the final version.
69. Generalisation: an overview, lacking specific evidence or details.
70. Gist: the general meaning of a piece of text.
71. Global: relating to the whole world.
72. Globalisation: process by which national and regional
economies, societies, and cultures have become integrated
through the global network of trade, communication,
immigration and transportation.
73. Goals: aims or the end product to show achievement of
something.
74. Graphic organiser: also known as a concept map is a
communication tool that enables you to express knowledge,
concepts, thoughts, or ideas, and the relationships between them.
Implied: suggested or pointed towards something.
75. Identify/Give/State (command words): answer briefly by picking
out an answer.
76. Indicates: shows/demonstrates something.
77. Indigenous people: groups of people who are native to a
particular country and have specific rights as a result their
historical ties to a particular area.
78. Inequality: the unfair situation in society when some people have
more opportunities, money, etc. than others.
79. Infer meaning: to suggest or point towards something, similar to
imply.
80. Inference: an idea or conclusion reached based on evidence and
reasoning.
81. Information: Facts gathered about something or someone that
helps our understanding.
82. Issue: an important topic or problem for discussion or debate.
83. Jump to conclusions: to assume something without using any
evidence that might suggest otherwise.
84. Justify (command word): explain why / give reasons for
something.
85. KWL chart: a graphic organiser that helps people organise
information in three columns. Limitations: what is not done well
and could be improved upon.
86. Local: related to a particular community or area.
87. Logical: following on in a coherent way.
88. Long-term goal: an aim that might take a few weeks, months or
years to achieve.
89. Manageable: to deal with easily.
90. Memory: the ability of the mind to store and remember learning.
91. Narrative data (qualitative): descriptive data, usually used to find
out what people think about a situation or issue.
92. National: related to a particular country/common to a whole
country.
93. NGO: non-governmental organisation.
94. Notes: a short record of key points or ideas written down to aid
memory.
95. Numerical data (quantitative): information about quantities that
can be measured and written down with numbers. Examples are
your height and your shoe size.
96. Objectivity: looking at something without bias, judgement or
prejudice.
97. Opinion: A belief or judgement formed about something, not
based on factor knowledge and which cannot be checked.
98. Outcome: the final product following a period of collaboration to
achieve the project aim that shows different cultural perspectives.
99. Paragraph: a group of related sentences that develop one main
idea or new aspect of an argument in a clear and logical way.
Typically, a paragraph will be a minimum of four or five sentences
but not usually longer than half a page. Each paragraph should
include a topic sentence, a supporting sentence and a piece of
evidence.
100. Personal: related to yourself.
101. Perspective : a particular way of regarding something/ a certain
world view.
102. Plagiarism: intentionally or unintentionally copying the words
and phrases of someone else and passing these off as your own
work.
103. Planning: the process of setting goals, developing strategies,
and outlining tasks and schedules to accomplish these goals.
104. Prediction: what someone thinks might happen in the future.
105. Prejudice: opinion that is not based on reason or actual
experience.
106. Primary data: information originally obtained through the direct
efforts of the researcher through surveys and interviews.
107. Problem: a difficult issue needing a course of action or solution
to improve or resolve it.
108. Proposal: putting something forward for consideration.
109. Proposition: a statement putting forward an idea.
110. Reasoning: thinking about something in a clear and sensible
way.
111. Referencing: listing sources of information referred to in a piece
of work, usually at the end of the work.
112. Reflection: serious thought or consideration about something
you have done or something that has happened.
113. Reliable: able to be trusted/ believed.
114. Reputable: well thought of.
115. Reschedule: to do the tasks/what needs doing another time.
116. Research: the investigation into and study of materials and
sources in order to establish facts and reach new conclusions.
117. Research methods: the methods used to gather data and
information that will be used in your work to support the points
you make.
118. Review: a critical appraisal of a book, play, film, hotel or other
service or product, published in a newspaper, magazine or on a
website.
119. Secondary data: information obtained from published sources
on the internet or in books.
120. Selective: carefully choosing information as the best or most
suitable for your purpose.
121. Self-aware: aware of your own character, feelings, motives and
desires.
122. Short-term goal: something you want to achieve soon, in the
near future. The near future can mean today, this week or this
month.
123. SMART plan: a plan that is specific, measurable, achievable,
results-focused, and time- bound.
124. Social: to do with people.
125. Solution: A means of solving a problem or dealing with a
difficult situation.
126. Sources of information: a publication or type of media where
specific information can be obtained, for example reliable
websites of government agencies, charities and voluntary
organisations, newspapers, books and documentaries.
127. Specific detail: the detail required to answer a question.
128. Standpoint: a point of view, attitude, position, way of thinking
or perspective.
129. Statistics: the collection and analysis of numerical data for the
purpose of evidence in support of claims for arguments.
130. Strengths: the benefits or good points about something.
131. Summary: a brief statement or account of the main points of
something.
132. Supporting sentence: develops the point you are making using
information, explanation and examples, and provides a smooth
flow from one sentence to the next.
133. Surfing the internet: to spend time visiting a lot of websites on
the computer.
134. Sustainable living: a lifestyle that attempts to reduce an
individual's or society’s use of the Earth's natural resources and
personal resources.
135. Synthesise: the combination of two or more sources of
information to form something new and original that might
support an argument.
136. Team role: a tendency to behave, contribute and interrelate
with others in a particular way (as defined by Dr Meredith
Belbin).
137. Tone: a quality in the voice of the speaker that expresses the
speaker’s feelings or thoughts, often towards the person being
spoken to or the topic being spoken about.
138. Topic sentence: this sentence gives the topic and the main idea
and is usually the first sentence in the paragraph.
139. Understatement: too little emphasis on something.
140. Value judgment: a judgement about whether something is good
or bad, right or wrong, depending on their standards or
priorities.
141. Verifying: making sure that something is true, accurate, or
justified.
142. Vested interest: a personal reason for involvement or interest,
especially an expectation of a financial or other gain.
143. Viewpoint: a particular attitude, perspective or way of looking
at an issue.
144. Weaknesses: the bad points or points that need improving.
145. Wikipedia: a free, open-content online encyclopaedia created
through the collaborative effort of a community of users known
as 'Wikipedians’.
146. Work style: how someone chooses to approach a task.
 Stage 9 - LEARNING OBJECTIVES
1. Research
Constructing research questions
Construct a range of relevant research questions and identify the
most appropriate one to follow up
Information skills
Identify and accurately reference a wide range of print and
multimedia sources and use them to locate relevant information
and answer research questions
Conducting research
Select most suitable methods and conduct research to test
predictions and answer a research question
Recording findings
Select, organise and effectively record relevant information from
a wide range of sources and findings from research, justifying the
method chosen

2. Analysis
Identifying perspectives
Identify perspectives and synthesise arguments and evidence
from a range of sources on a given topic
Interpreting data
Identify patterns and trends in graphical or numerical data in
order to support an argument
Making connections
Make some links between causes and consequences of an issue
at personal, local and global levels
Solving problems
Recommend an appropriate course of action and explain possible
consequences for a national or global issue

3. Evaluation
Evaluating sources
Evaluate a range of sources, considering the author and purpose
and how well they are supported by other sources, explaining
why some may be biased
Evaluating arguments
 Evaluate the reasoning of an argument in a source, considering
the structure and techniques used
4. Reflection
Personal contribution
Explain personal contribution to teamwork and relate to own
strengths and areas for improvement
Teamwork
Relate benefits and challenges of teamwork to personal
experience of working together to achieve a shared outcome and
identify targets for improvement
Personal viewpoints
Explain how personal perspective on an issue has changed as a
result of conducting research and exploring different perspectives
Personal learning
Identify skills learned or improved during an activity and consider
strategies for further development

5. Collaboration
Cooperation and interdependence
The team assign roles and tasks with an appropriate rationale and
respond flexibly when required to help each other achieve a shared
outcome
Engaging in teamwork
The team member introduces useful ideas to help achieve a
shared outcome, and works positively and sensitively to resolve
conflict and solve problems, supporting and encouraging other
team members to participate, when required

6. Communication
Communicating information
Present coherent, well-reasoned and clearly structured arguments
with detailed referencing of sources where appropriate
Listening and responding
Listen to ideas and information and offer well-judged
contributions that shape the discussion and enhance
understanding of the issue