Angelique Claire B. David, Chester Paul M. Dimla, Christian John A.

Lenon, Thea
P. Manalo, Kim Jezreel Q. Orquiola, Mikee S. Reyes and Paolene Shanaia M.
Tampol

Angeles University Foundation, MacArthur Highway, Angeles City, Pampanga

College of Allied Medical Professions
Department of Medical Technology

INTRODUCTION
Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a complex epidemic in several countries, which adds to
condition which can have a serious impact on the already present burden for healthcare
the whole body in relation to metabolic providers, particularly in undeveloped
dysfunction. The most common form of countries (Olokoba, 2012).
diabetes mellitus is Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Prevalence of diabetes mellitus has
(T2DM), which is characterized by
expanded around the world, achieving
hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and
scourge extents as of late, as a result of the
progressively, insulin deficiency. It stems
aging population and obesity. In Brazil, the
from the association between environmental,
predominance of diabetes mellitus is 13.5% in
hereditary and behavioral aspects. The
people aged 30–79 years and 18.7% in ladies
prevalence of this chronic metabolic disorder,
aged over 60 years. In a study conducted to
its associated major complications, and
Japanese women of old age and at their
deaths are progressively increasing
postmenopausal status, high prevalence of
throughout the world. It is projected to
dyslipidemia is independently and actively
increase by 54% from 35,644,000 to
influenced by their age and menopausal
54,913,000 between 2015 and 2030,
status. It showed that postmenopausal
regardless of the perceptible steadying of the
women are associated with alterations of lipid
frequency of diabetes (Rowley, 2017).
profile and glucose metabolism which leads
Consequently, it is rapidly turning into
to obesity due to fat redistribution. After
menopause, several increments and Lipid profile or lipid panel is a panel of
regression are prominent in the lipid profiles blood tests that serves as an initial broad
of women. This partially explains the medical screening tool for abnormalities in
increased cardiovascular risk in lipids, such as cholesterol and triglycerides.
postmenopausal women, particularly among The results of this test can identify certain
those with an earlier onset of menopause. genetic diseases and can determine
Hyperglycemia contributes to the elevation of approximate risks for cardiovascular diseases,
cardiovascular risk of populations. Increasing certain forms of pancreatitis and other
prevalence rates of type 2 diabetes mellitus diseases. Lipid profile has been proven to be
(DM) have been attributed to aging, modern good indicators of whether someone is likely
lifestyle and obesity epidemic, which to have a heart attack or stroke, caused by
predisposes to several metabolic blockage of blood vessels or hardening of the
disturbances linked by the insulin resistance. arteries (atherosclerosis). The lipid profile
typically includes; total cholesterol (TC),
Furthermore, elevation of glucose levels
high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C),
have also been associated with dysfunctional
low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)
lipoprotein subfractions, contributing to a
and triglycerides (TG).
more atherogenic lipid profile in both sexes.
Thus, diabetic woman has a more aggressive Currently, post-menopausal women
form of coronary artery disease and is more account for more than 30% of the female
susceptible to death from cardiovascular population at risk for Coronary Arterial
diseases, mainly coronary events, suggesting Disease (CAD), thus the study aims to
that lipid profile should be even more evaluate the correlation the serum lipid profile
deleterious. Lipid abnormalities are of diabetic and non-diabetic menopausal
commonly found in both Type2 DM patients aged women. This will be assessed by
and post-menopausal women. Though, the measuring the serum lipid profile of the four
pathophysiology of lipid abnormalities in type groups involved in the study, the diabetic
2 DM is not yet totally explained, insulin menopausal aged group, non-diabetic
resistance is mainly involved in the process. menopausal aged group, diabetic
Abnormalities in lipid profile of patients with non-menopausal aged group, and
diabetes are likely to play an important role in non-diabetic non-menopausal aged group.
the development of atherosclerosis.the serum The results of this study will henceforth
lipid profile among menopausal diabetic distinguish which group had the most
patients.
significant effect on their serum lipid profiles.
Thus, the research was designed to ascertain
early detection and treatment of lipid
abnormalities to minimize the risk for
atherogenic cardiovascular disorder among
menopausal patients with type 2 diabetes
mellitus.