CRITICAL BOOK REPORT

Atoms, Ions, and Molecules

ARRANGED BY:
NAME : TITIN EVANIA MANALU
NIM : 4183131054
CLASS : BILINGUAL CHEMISTRY 2018

DEPARTMENT BILINGUAL CHEMISTRY EDUCATION

FACULTY MATHEMATIC AND NATURAL SCIENCE
STATE UNIVERSITY OF MEDAN
2018
 PRE FACE
Praise and Gratitude the writer praises the presence of God Almighty, because thanks to
the abundance of His grace and grace so the writer can complete the task of Critical Book Report
about "Atoms, Ions, and Molecules" This is timely in order to fulfill basic science education
courses.
The author would like to thank all those who have helped in the preparation of this
Critical Book Report task. The author also thanks Mr. Ramlan as a lecturer on "Basic Science
Education" which has provided direction and guidance in the preparation of this paper. The
author realizes that there are still many shortcomings found in this Critical Book Report task.
Therefore, the authors hope for criticism, suggestions and constructive proposals for the
improvement of this paper in the future.
Finally, hopefully this paper can provide benefits for writers and readers.

Medan, October 23, 2018

Compiler

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS
Preface..........................................................................................................................................i
Table of Contents .........................................................................................................................ii
Chapter I : Introduction
1.1 Background ..................................................................................................................1
1.2 Formulation of the problem .........................................................................................1
1.3 Purpose.........................................................................................................................1
Chapter II : Discussion.................................................................................................................2
Chapter III : Closing
3.1 Advantages and Disadvantages....................................................................................4
3.2 Recommend .................................................................................................................5

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 CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND
Material contains small particles, the constituent can be atoms, ions, and molecules.The
history of the development of atomic theory began around the fifth century BC by a Greek
philosopher, Democritus (around 460-370 BC). Democritus expresses his idea that all matter is
composed of particles that are very small and cannot be divided into so-called atomos (which
means they cannot be divided). Although the idea of Democritus was not accepted by other
philosophers such as Plato and Aristotle, the concept persisted for several centuries. In 1808,
British scientist John Dalton formulated a precise definition of particles that could not be divided
and called atoms. Dalton’s atomic concept is more detailed than the concept of Democritus.
Atoms are growing even more, the discovery of atomic particles The atom forms an electrically
charged group consisting of cations and anions called ions. Whereas two or more atoms form
molecules. Atoms, ions and molecules have a relationship with material in everyday life.

1.2 FORMULATION OF THE PROBLEM

1. What is atom and its constituent particles?
2. What are atoms and its parts?
3. What are molecules and its parts?
4. What is the relationship of atoms, ions, molecules with material characteristics in
everyday life?
5. What are the advantages and disadvantages of the chapter in the book?

1.3 PURPOSE
1. To know about atom and its constituent particles
2. To know about atoms and its parts
3. To know about molecules and its parts
4. To understand about relationship of atoms, ions, molecules with material characteristics
in everyday life
5. To know about advantages and disadvantages of the chapter in the book
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 CHAPTER II
DISCUSSION
BOOK IDENTITY
Book title : Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam SMP/MTS, Edisi Revisi Kurikulum 2013
Author's name : Slamet Prawirohartono, A. K.
Name of publisher : Bumi Aksara
Issued year : 2016
City of issue : Jakarta
ISSN Book : 978-602-217-793-7

A. Its constituent atoms and particles

The word atom comes from the Greek word atomos, meaning it cannot be divided
anymore. The definition of atoms as the smallest particle a substance that cannot be broken down
again, was first put forward by a Greek philosopher Leukippos and Deumocritus.
In 1803, John Dalton (1766-1844), a teacher in England, proposed the opinion that matter
consists of atoms.

Dalton describes
1. Atom is like a very small solid ball.
2. Atom is the smallest part of matter that cannot be subdivided by ordinary chemical
reactions.
3. Atom cannot be broken down into smaller particles with the same properties
4. The atoms combine to form compounds by comparison of integers and simple.
5. The chemical reaction is the separation or recombination or rearrangement of atoms, so
that atoms cannot be created or destroyed.

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 Atoms are made up of smaller particles, namely electrons, protons, and neutrons.
Electrons are negatively charged particles found by Joseph John Thomson. The constituent
particles with the lightest mass are electrons because electrons have very small masses, so they
are considered massless. The proton is a positively charged particle contained in the atomic
nucleus. Proton was discovered by Goldstein and Wien. The nucleus of a atom is a positively
charged particle surrounded by a negatively charged electron. The atomic nucleus was
discovered by Ernest Rutherford. Neutrons are neutral charged particles. Neutron was discovered
by James Chadwick.

If in the general formula elements such as: then:

A: The amount of mass in X atoms
Z: Atomic number or number = protons or number = electrons.
B. Ions and Molecules
Ions are electrically charged atoms. Ions consist of cations (positively charged ions) and
anions (negatively charged ions). Compounds formed from positive ions and negative ions are
called ionic compounds. Cations and anin join in a certain ratio to produce neutral ionic
compounds.

Molecules are neutral particles consisting of two or more atoms of both similar atoms and
different atoms. There are two types of molecules, namely molecular elements and molecular
compounds. Elemental molecules are if the atoms are from the same element, while the
compound molecules are if the atoms are from two or more atoms from different elements.

C. Relationship between Atoms, Ions and Molecules with Material Characteristics in Daily
Life
Many things around you are processing using chemical reactions. Making soap or
detergent, urea fertilizer, margarine, batteries, batteries, batteries are examples of the concepts of
atoms, ions and molecules in chemical products in daily life. The following is the processing of
objects that use the concepts of atoms, ions and molecule. So, the material turns out to contain
small particles, the constituent can be atoms, ions, and molecules
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 CHAPTER III
CLOSING

3.1 Advantages and disadvantages

The advantages of the chapter in the book:
 The chapter in this book provides a concept map that makes it easier for readers to
understand the contents of the material before reading it in its entirety
 This book presents an introduction in the form of illustrations before starting the material
title
 This chapter presents a column of figures or science info to increase reading interest and
knowledge of readers.
 This chapter uses language that is easily understood by readers
 Contains the latest information about how to visualize particles
 This chapter has explained in detail about the formation of atoms into ions
 The chapter in the book displays examples in table form to make it easier for readers to
understand it

The disadvantages of the chapter in the book:

 The chapter in this book does not present the advantages and disadvantages of atomic
development in every character
 Against the ambiguous writing of the word 'non-metal', he should have written not to be
non-metallic
 The material in this book states that atoms are the smallest part of the element ... the
smallest word means the smallest and cannot be divided anymore. the reality is that
atoms still have smaller parts, namely electrons, protons, and neutrons.
 Dalton said that atoms are solid balls and accompanied by images. However, in the
picture there is a white spot that is not explained about it

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3.2 Recommend
Through this critical book report, hopefully readers can search more than one book
literature to understand the material in depth and in its entirety. This is because each book has its
own shortcomings and strengths written by different authors so that the basic concepts and
materials are also sometimes different.