Appendices

Appendix A

(ANOVA test of the HCl and NaOH treated coconut adhesive in different temperatures)

Null hypothesis: No significance difference found in all samples of mean shear strength.

Test of Homogeneity of Variances

Mean_shear_strength

Levene df1 df2 Sig.

Statistic

8.857 8 18 .000

ANOVA

Mean_shear_strength

Sum of df Mean F Sig.

Squares Square

Between Groups 1172.933 8 146.617 188.429 .000

Within Groups 14.006 18 .778

Total 1186.939 26
Post Hoc Tests
Multiple Comparisons

Dependent Variable: Mean_shear_strength

Tukey HSD

(I) (J) Mean Std. Sig. 95% Confidence

Temperature_concentration Temperature_concentration Difference Error Interval
(I-J)
Lower Upper
Bound Bound

HCl_50_40% .00000 .72023 1.000 -2.5236 2.5236

HCl_50_60% -1.22500 .72023 .739 -3.7486 1.2986

HCl_75_60% -1.22500 .72023 .739 -3.7486 1.2986

- .72023 .000 - -
NaOH_75_20%
13.06667* 15.5903 10.5431

HCl_25_60%
NaOH_75_30% -.81667 .72023 .961 -3.3403 1.7069

- .72023 .000 - -
NaOH_100_20%
19.19167* 21.7153 16.6681

-7.75833* .72023 .000 - -5.2347

NaOH_100_30%
10.2819

NaOH_100_40% -.40833 .72023 1.000 -2.9319 2.1153

HCl_25_60% .00000 .72023 1.000 -2.5236 2.5236

HCl_50_60% -1.22500 .72023 .739 -3.7486 1.2986

HCl_75_60% -1.22500 .72023 .739 -3.7486 1.2986

- .72023 .000 - -
NaOH_75_20%
13.06667* 15.5903 10.5431

HCl_50_40%
NaOH_75_30% -.81667 .72023 .961 -3.3403 1.7069

- .72023 .000 - -
NaOH_100_20%
19.19167* 21.7153 16.6681

-7.75833* .72023 .000 - -5.2347

NaOH_100_30%
10.2819

NaOH_100_40% -.40833 .72023 1.000 -2.9319 2.1153

HCl_50_60% HCl_25_60% 1.22500 .72023 .739 -1.2986 3.7486

 HCl_50_40% 1.22500 .72023 .739 -1.2986 3.7486

HCl_75_60% .00000 .72023 1.000 -2.5236 2.5236

- .72023 .000 - -9.3181

NaOH_75_20%
11.84167* 14.3653

NaOH_75_30% .40833 .72023 1.000 -2.1153 2.9319

- .72023 .000 - -
NaOH_100_20%
17.96667* 20.4903 15.4431

NaOH_100_30% -6.53333* .72023 .000 -9.0569 -4.0097

NaOH_100_40% .81667 .72023 .961 -1.7069 3.3403

HCl_25_60% 1.22500 .72023 .739 -1.2986 3.7486

HCl_50_40% 1.22500 .72023 .739 -1.2986 3.7486

HCl_50_60% .00000 .72023 1.000 -2.5236 2.5236

- .72023 .000 - -9.3181

NaOH_75_20%
11.84167* 14.3653
HCl_75_60%
NaOH_75_30% .40833 .72023 1.000 -2.1153 2.9319

- .72023 .000 - -
NaOH_100_20%
17.96667* 20.4903 15.4431

NaOH_100_30% -6.53333* .72023 .000 -9.0569 -4.0097

NaOH_100_40% .81667 .72023 .961 -1.7069 3.3403

HCl_25_60% 13.06667* .72023 .000 10.5431 15.5903

HCl_50_40% 13.06667* .72023 .000 10.5431 15.5903

HCl_50_60% 11.84167* .72023 .000 9.3181 14.3653

HCl_75_60% 11.84167* .72023 .000 9.3181 14.3653

NaOH_75_20%
NaOH_75_30% 12.25000* .72023 .000 9.7264 14.7736

NaOH_100_20% -6.12500* .72023 .000 -8.6486 -3.6014

NaOH_100_30% 5.30833* .72023 .000 2.7847 7.8319

NaOH_100_40% 12.65833* .72023 .000 10.1347 15.1819

HCl_25_60% .81667 .72023 .961 -1.7069 3.3403

NaOH_75_30%
HCl_50_40% .81667 .72023 .961 -1.7069 3.3403
 HCl_50_60% -.40833 .72023 1.000 -2.9319 2.1153

HCl_75_60% -.40833 .72023 1.000 -2.9319 2.1153

- .72023 .000 - -9.7264

NaOH_75_20%
12.25000* 14.7736

- .72023 .000 - -
NaOH_100_20%
18.37500* 20.8986 15.8514

NaOH_100_30% -6.94167* .72023 .000 -9.4653 -4.4181

NaOH_100_40% .40833 .72023 1.000 -2.1153 2.9319

HCl_25_60% 19.19167* .72023 .000 16.6681 21.7153

HCl_50_40% 19.19167* .72023 .000 16.6681 21.7153

HCl_50_60% 17.96667* .72023 .000 15.4431 20.4903

HCl_75_60% 17.96667* .72023 .000 15.4431 20.4903

NaOH_100_20%
NaOH_75_20% 6.12500* .72023 .000 3.6014 8.6486

NaOH_75_30% 18.37500* .72023 .000 15.8514 20.8986

NaOH_100_30% 11.43333* .72023 .000 8.9097 13.9569

NaOH_100_40% 18.78333* .72023 .000 16.2597 21.3069

HCl_25_60% 7.75833* .72023 .000 5.2347 10.2819

HCl_50_40% 7.75833* .72023 .000 5.2347 10.2819

HCl_50_60% 6.53333* .72023 .000 4.0097 9.0569

HCl_75_60% 6.53333* .72023 .000 4.0097 9.0569

NaOH_100_30%
NaOH_75_20% -5.30833* .72023 .000 -7.8319 -2.7847

NaOH_75_30% 6.94167* .72023 .000 4.4181 9.4653

- .72023 .000 - -8.9097

NaOH_100_20%
11.43333* 13.9569

NaOH_100_40% 7.35000* .72023 .000 4.8264 9.8736

HCl_25_60% .40833 .72023 1.000 -2.1153 2.9319

NaOH_100_40% HCl_50_40% .40833 .72023 1.000 -2.1153 2.9319

HCl_50_60% -.81667 .72023 .961 -3.3403 1.7069

 HCl_75_60% -.81667 .72023 .961 -3.3403 1.7069

- .72023 .000 - -
NaOH_75_20%
12.65833* 15.1819 10.1347

NaOH_75_30% -.40833 .72023 1.000 -2.9319 2.1153

- .72023 .000 - -
NaOH_100_20%
18.78333* 21.3069 16.2597

NaOH_100_30% -7.35000* .72023 .000 -9.8736 -4.8264

*. The mean difference is significant at the 0.05 level.

Since all samples show significant differences, H0 is rejected.

Homogeneous Subsets

Mean_shear_strength
Tukey HSD

Temperature_concentration N Subset for alpha = 0.05

a b c d

HCl_25_60% 3 1.2250
HCl_50_40% 3 1.2250
NaOH_100_40% 3 1.6333
NaOH_75_30% 3 2.0417
HCl_50_60% 3 2.4500
HCl_75_60% 3 2.4500
NaOH_100_30% 3 8.9833
NaOH_75_20% 3 14.2917
NaOH_100_20% 3 20.4167
Sig. .739 1.000 1.000 1.000

Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed.

a. Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 3.000.
Appendix B

(ANOVA test for the ratio of coconut adhesives to alkaline solution at 100oC )

Null hypothesis: No significance difference found in all samples of mean shear strength.

Test of Homogeneity of Variances

Mean_shear_strength

Levene Statistic df1 df2 Sig.

10.667 3 8 .004

ANOVA

Mean_shear_strength

Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig.

Between Groups 694.664 3 231.555 231.458 .000

Within Groups 8.003 8 1.000

Total 702.668 11

Post Hoc Tests

Multiple Comparisons

Dependent Variable: Mean_shear_strength

Tukey HSD

(I) (J) Mean Std. Sig. 95% Confidence

Ratio_coconut_solution Ratio_coconut_solution Difference (I- Error Interval
J)
Lower Upper
Bound Bound

6:1 11.43333* .81667 .000 8.8181 14.0486

3:1
9:1 17.96667* .81667 .000 15.3514 20.5819
 12:1 19.19167* .81667 .000 16.5764 21.8069

3:1 -11.43333* .81667 .000 -14.0486 -8.8181

6:1 9:1 6.53333* .81667 .000 3.9181 9.1486

12:1 7.75833* .81667 .000 5.1431 10.3736

-
3:1 -17.96667* .81667 .000 -20.5819
15.3514

9:1
6:1 -6.53333* .81667 .000 -9.1486 -3.9181

12:1 1.22500 .81667 .480 -1.3903 3.8403

-
3:1 -19.19167* .81667 .000 -21.8069
16.5764

12:1
6:1 -7.75833* .81667 .000 -10.3736 -5.1431

9:1 -1.22500 .81667 .480 -3.8403 1.3903

*. The mean difference is significant at the 0.05 level.

Since all samples show significant differences, H0 is rejected.

Homogeneous Subsets

Mean_shear_strength
Tukey HSD

Ratio_coconut_solution N Subset for alpha = 0.05

1 2 3

12:1 3 1.2250
9:1 3 2.4500
6:1 3 8.9833
3:1 3 20.4167
Sig. .480 1.000 1.000

Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed.

a. Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 3.000.