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DIGESTION
AND NUTRITION
Chapter Outline
Key Terms
anus crop gizzard rectum
appendix emulsification intestine salivary glands
basal metabolic rate esophagus large intestine, colon small intestine
bile essential amino acids lumen sphincter
body mass index (BMI) essential fatty acids microvilli stomach
brush border cells feces minerals villi (villus)
chyme gallbladder peristalsis vitamins
cloaca gastric fluid probiotic
complete digestive tract gastrovascular cavity phytochemical
Lecture Outline
6.1 Your Microbial “Organ”
A. Before 1980, physicians thought that ulcers were caused by stress or diet.
B. Later, researchers discovered that Helicobacter pylori, a bacterium, was largely responsible.
1. Not everyone that has H. pylori develops ulcers.
2. H. pylori can be destroyed by antibiotics.
a. Individuals without H. pylori are more apt to have GERD.
3. Infection with H. pylori increases one’s risk of stomach cancer.
C. Scientists feel that a decline in Bifidobacterium may be a factor in irritable bowel syndrome
(IBS).
1. Many patients with IBS get relief by administration of a probiotic dose of Bifidobacterium.
D. Physicians are realizing that the microbial balance in our digestive system is important for
good health.