Design of PCC TOE wall

Type-1 1
2
0.3

1.00
0.5

1
0.8 1
(h) (H)
G.L

0.3
Toe Heel

0.2

0.1 0.6 0.1

0.8

2
Safe Bearing Capacity = 150 Kn / m

Grade of Concrete = M 20

3
Unit weight of Concrete(Dry) = 25 Kn / m

Unit weight of earth (Dry) = 18 Kn /m3

Co efficient of Friction,  = 0.60

Angle of internal friction, Ф = 30 Deg

Angle of surcharge  = 26.57 Deg

Co-efficient of earth pressure is computed as follows:

cos  cos2   cos2 

k a  cos
cos  cos2   cos2 
cos  = 0.89 cos  = 0.866
cos2  = 0.80 cos2  = 0.75
Coefficient of active earth pressure, Ka = 0.537
Vertical Loads
Load Dist of c.g From
Sl.No Description Moment about Toe in KN.m
KN Toe in 'm'
1 Stem Triang 3.00 0.500 1.50
2 Stem Rec 6.00 0.25 1.50
3 Base slab 4.00 0.4 1.60
4 Soil Triangle 2.16 0.6 1.30
4 Soil Rectangle 1.44 0.75 1.08
Total 16.60 6.98

Since the toe wall is placed 8.0m from the center line of the carriageway and 2m from the edge
of earthen shoulder, the effect of live load surcharge is ignored.

Horizontal Loads
Horizontal earth pressure Pa = Ka  H2/2 = 4.830 KN
acting at 0.42 H = 0.42 m

Check for Overturning

Overturning moment = 2.029 KN.m
Resisting Moment = 6.976 KN.m
Factor of safety against overturning = 3.44 > 2 Safe

Check for sliding

Sliding force = 4.830 KN
Resisting force W = 9.96 KN
Factor of safety against Sliding = 2.06 > 1.5 Safe

LOAD COMBINATION FOR FOUNDATION (SLS load factors)

Check for Pressure Vertical Horiz Overturn Resisting

Stem 9.00 KN 3.00 KNm
Base slab 4.00 KN 1.60 KNm
Soil Dead load 3.60 KN 2.38 KNm
Earth Pressure H 4.83 KN 2.029 KNm
Total 16.60 KN 4.83 KN 2.03 KNm 6.98 KNm

Total Horizontal Load 4.83 KN

Total Vertical Load 16.60 KN
Total Resisting momen 6.98 kNm
Total Overturning mom 2.03 kNm

IRC 78-2014 Cl 706.3.4

A) Check for Overturning = Stabilising Moment > 2
Overturning Moment

= 7.0 = 3.44 safe

2.0

= 0.9 X 7.0 = 6.278 > 1.4 X 2.0 = 2.84

safe

B) Check for Sliding = m x Vertical Force > 1.5

Horizontal Force

= 16.60 x 0.60 = 2.10 Safe

4.83

c) Check for Pressure at bottom of Foundation

z = MR‐MO
P
Z = 4.95 = 0.3 m
16.60

-
e= b Z = 0.8 - 0.3
2 2
Eccentricity of the stem section w.r.t.mid of its base.

= 0.100 m < b = 0.8 =0.130 m

6 6
Hence Safe
 Calculation of base Pressure:

P = W 1 ± 6e = 16.60 1 ± 6 x 0.10
b b 0.8 0.8

±
= 20.75 1 0.750

2 2
Pmax = 36.31 KN/m < 150 KN/m

Pmin = 5.19 KN/m2 > 0 KN/m2

Hence safe
Since the Pressure are found to be within Limits, the Toe wall is Safe under this condition.

LOAD COMBINATION FOR FOUNDATION

(Combination for Equilibrium as per IRC:6-2014 Table 3.1)
Friction for foundation 0.60

Check for
Pressure factors Vertical Horiz Overturn Resisting
Stem 0.95 8.55 KN 2.85 KNm
Base slab 0.95 3.80 KN 1.52 KNm
Soil Dead load 0.95 3.42 KN 2.26 KNm
Earth Pressure 1.5 7.245 KN 3.043 KNm
Total 15.77 KN 7.24 KN 3.04 KNm 6.63 KNm

Total Horizontal Load = 7.24 KN

Total Vertical Load = 15.77 KN
Total Resisting moment = 6.63 KNm
Total Overturning moment = 3.04 KNm

A) Check for Overturning = Stabilising Moment > 1

Overturning Moment

= 6.6 = 2.18 safe

3.0
 B) Check for Sliding = m x Vertical Force > 1
Horizontal Force

= 15.77 x 0.60 = 1.3 safe

7.24

LOAD COMBINATION FOR FOUNDATION

(ULS load factors)

Friction for foundation 0.60

Check for
Pressure factors Vertical Horiz Overturn Resisting
Stem 1.35 12.15 KN 4.05 KNm
Base slab 1.35 5.40 KN 2.16 KNm
Soil Dead load 1.5 5.40 KN 3.56 KNm
Earth Pressure 1.5 7.245 KN 3.043 KNm
Total 22.95 KN 7.24 KN 3.04 KNm 9.77 KNm

Total Horizontal Load 7.24 KN

Total Vertical Load 22.95 KN
Total Resisting moment 9.77 KNm
Total Overturning moment 3.04 KNm
Calculation of stress due to self weight of stem
Dist of c.g
Load
Sl.No Description From stem Moment about Toe in KN.m
factors KN
in 'm'
1 Stem Triang 1.35 4.05 0.400 1.62
2 Stem Rec 1.35 8.10 0.15 1.22
4 Soil Triangle 1.5 3.24 0.5 1.62
Total 15.39 4.46

Distance of resultant force from Toe = 0.289 m

Eccentricity e = 0.0105 m
stress at Toe = 28.35 Kn/m2
stress at heel = 22.95 Kn/m2

Calculation of stresses due to earth pressure

Horizontal earth pressure Pa = Ka  H2/2 = 7.245 KN
acting at 0.42 H = 0.42 m
Overturning moment = 3.043 KN.m
2
Section Modules Z (bd /6) = 0.06 m3
stress at Toe = 50.71 Kn/m2
stress at Heel = -50.71 Kn/m2

Maximum Stresses developed = = 79.06 Kn/m2

Allowable bending compressive stress in concrete = 0.446 fck
= 8920 Kn/m2
Hence Safe

Minimum Stresses developed = = -27.76 Kn/m2

Allowable bending Tensile stress in concrete = 0.7fck
= 3130 Kn/m2
Hence Safe
Skin reinforcement

Provide 8# @ 150 c/c Horizontally and vertically