Principles of Medicine

Diabetes Mellitus
Potential Medical
Short description Treatment Planning
Problem Related to Oral Manifestations Prevention of Problems
& Etiology Modifications in Dentistry
Dental Care
More commonly referred to as Well-controlled diabetes:
Detection of the patient
"diabetes" -- a chronic disease fasting blood glucose
associated with abnormally high levels with diabetes
A. Known Diabetic between 70 mg/dL and
of the sugar glucose in the blood. 200 mg/dL and no
• Infection Person
 Xerostomia • Detection by history complications, such as:
Etiology: • Poor wound healing
Diabetes is due to one of two  Increased • Establishment of  Myocardial
• Risk for systemic infarction
mechanisms: susceptibility to severity of disease and
problems Angina
• Inadequate production of insulin infections degree of control  Renal failure
• myocardial infarction
(which is made by the pancreas and  Periodontal diseases B. Undiagnosed Diabetic  Congenital heart
lowers blood glucose), or • cerebrovascular  Glossodynia Person failure
• Inadequate sensitivity of cells to the accident  Burning mouth
action of insulin.
• History of signs and  Symptomatic
• renal failure syndrome symptoms of diabetes angina
• peripheral  Sialosis or its complications
The two main types of diabetes  Old age
neuropathy blindness  Lichen Planus • High risk for
 Type 1 Diabetes mellitus (insulin  Cardiac
dependent) • Hypertension developing diabetes
dysrhythmia
-there is no insulin or not enough of it • congestive heart - Parents who are
 Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (non- failure diabetic  Cerebrovascular
insulin dependent) - Gave birth to one accident
-there is generally enough insulin but or more large Defer orthodontic and
the cells upon which it should act are babies
not normally sensitive to its action. prosthodontic care until
- History of periodontal disease is well
Pathophysiology/ Pathogenesis spontaneous controlled.
 abortions or
stillbirths Avoid periodontal or oral
- Obese surgery if poor glycemic
- Over 40 years of control.
age
• Referral or screening
test for diabetes

Patient with cellulitis resulting from a

mandibular tooth abscess

Periodontal abscess in a patient with multiple

abscesses. After evaluation by a physician,
the diagnosis of diabetes was established.