Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
Sometimes step 2 is replaced by step 2'. If n is even, then the expansion (1) has just one middle
2'. Assume that P(n) is true for all n <E N, where
!</!<*.
term, viz. — +1 th term. It is given by
The First Principle of Mathematical Induction compris-
es steps 1, 2 and 3. Steps 1, 2' and 3 constitute another prin-
ciple of mathematical induction, aisually called.-the Second If n is odd, then the expansion (1) has two middle terms,
Principle of Mathematical Induction.
viz. th term and — +1 j th term. These are given
stance, to find the remainder when 7200 is divided SOME PARTICULAR EXPANSIONS
by 50, we write 72 = 50-1 and then use binomial
theorem, *.-..'• , ForUKl
2, If a, b, r e Q and \fr is an irrational, ^num- L (
ber, then sometime it is useful to switch from 2. (
a + bvr to a - b4r , 3. (
4. (
3. If p, q € Q and V.P , V? are irrational, then often 5. (
it is preferable toif simplify (^ + ^fq)2n by first 6. (
2+— is given by
To obtain constant term, we set 45 - 5r = 0 ^ r = 9
/. Coefficient of constant term is 15C9 (-1)9 = - 15C9,
Example 3 If a is real and the 4th term in the expansion
According to the given condition ( lY
of \x + — is 5/2, for each x € R - {0}, then values of
f^n-S\, , V x)
a and n are respectively
37..}. ..-. "I 3°
(a) 5, 1/2 (b) 6, - 1/2
«! ; 8!(n-8)! (c) 3, 1/3 (d) 6, 1/2
48 = n - 7 ra = 55
Solution ,We have
1
A i5
Example 2 In the expansion of \ - -y , the con-
; '
stant term equals
7.4 Complete Mathematics—JEE Main
o 1 10 9, f i Y~3
As jc occurs in the expansion of Lx + — , we must
\ s
have n - 3 - 3r =-2A: for some non-negative integer r.
=> 3(1 + r) =-/2 - 2k => w- 2^: is a multiple of 3.
Fig. 7.1
Example 8 Coefficient of the term independent of x in the
Example 5 If the (r + l)th term in tHe Expansion of x-l 10
f 1/3 ^1/2 Y21 ,
expansion of IS
(a) - 1 (b) 0
(c) 1 (d) 2
and ;c-.x1/2= >/*(>/* - 1) ,
Ans. (b)
Solution Putting x = -1 in the equation ( 1 ) of alternative
solution to Example 9, we get
- v 4. 1 n -u v~ ^ - v v~1/2
— Jt 173 T 1 — \l ~r X 3/2 ) — X i/3 — X C0 - 2Cj + 3C2 - 4C3 +. . . + (-1)" (;i + l)Cn = 0 + 0 = 0
Now, the (r + l)th term in the expansion of (xl/3 - jc~1/2)10 is Example 11 If w G N, n > 1, then value of
£ = a-w-C1 (a- 1) + WC2 (a -2) +... + (- If (a-n) f Cn) is
(a) n (b) 0
(c) a2 (d) 2n
For this term to be independent of jt,
Ans. (b)
10 5r -0
--- A 10 6 A
= — x- =4 Solution We can write E as
3 6 3 5
Thus, coefficient of the term independent of x in the given n rc0 - "d + "c2 - . . . + (-ir f Q] +rcj -
expression is (2) (»C2) + (3) f C3) -...-(- I)" (n) (nCn)}
= 0 -f- F where
4161 F= w C 1 -(2)fC 2 ) + (3)fC 3 )-.,.^
(- If (n) CQ
Example 9 If (1 + x)n = C0 + C^ -f- C2;t2 + ... + Qt",
then value of C0 + 2Cj + 3C2 + . . . -h (n +1)CW is
(a) 2n~l (b) n(2" - 1 )
Differentiating, we get
(c) n(2n~l) + 2n (d) (^ + 1)2^
5. (c) 3f C3)jc2 + ... + < Cn)xn-1
Thus, E = 0 + 0 = 0.
(2)
Example 12 If 6> ^ 1, is a cube root of unity, then sum
Adding (1) and (2), we get 100
2£ = (n + 2)C0 + (w 2)C2 + ... of the series 5 = £ 100Cr (2 + co2)™"' cor is
(a) 1 (b) - 1
(c) 0 (d) 100
Ans. (a)
Alternative Solution
Solution We have
We have
C0^: + Cj x2 + C2z3 + ... + Cn Example 13 The positive integer just greater than S =
Differentiating both the sides, we get (l+O.OQ01) 10000 is
(a) 2 (b) 3
(c) 4 (d) 5
1Y =» n = m + 10 and
1 1
2H H 2m m
_ 1 n(n-l) l/i(n-l)(n-2)
=$ (m+ 10) (m + 9) + m(m - 1) - 2m(m -h 10) = 20
" 2 ! H2 3! «3
=> m2 + 19m + 90 + m2 - m - 2m2 - 20m = 20
t ;
=> -2m = -70 => m = 35.
n\ n = 45
Example 16 The sum of the series S = 20C0 - ^ +
« n 20 C 2 - 20 C 3 H-...-f 20 C i0 is
we :
Aas. (a)
Solution Middle term in the expansion of (1 + ax)4 is = 2[x5+ 10rV - 1) + 5x(x3 - I)2]
4C2(ax)2 = 6a2;t2 and the middle term in the expansion of
which is a polynomial of degree 7.
(1 - axf is6C3(-axf = -20 a3 *3.
Example 18 The coefficient of xr in the expansion of
9 « 3
We are given 6 or = -20 a ^> a = 0 or a = --
5 10
Example 1 5 For natural numbers m and n is
(a) y-'-2*-r (b) n C r (3 r -2 r )
and aj = a2 = 10, then (m, n) equals (c) nCr(3n~r-2n~r) (d) none of these
. (a) (35,45) (b) (20,45) . (c)
(c) (35,20) (d) (45,35) Solution We can write
Ans. (a)
Solution, J -y)1" (1 +y)» = (1 - my + m C 2 y 2 - ...) (1 +
s= = (3+x)"-(2+xf
i- xx ++23
We are given .: Coefficient of xr = "Cr(3"-r-2"~r)
Mathematical Induction and Binomial Theorem 7.7
Example 19 Number of zeros at then end of 991001 + 1 is Example 22 The sum of the rational terms of
(a) 2 (b) 4
(c) 1002 (d) 1004 (a) 71 (b) 85
Ans. (a) (c) 97 (d) none of these
Solution Let n = 1001. We can write Ans. (d)
991001 + 1 = (100 -!)"+! Solution 3T r+1 , the (r + l)th term in the expansion of
= nc0ioon - "c, (2 1/5 -hV3) 2 °is
Tr+1 = 20Cr (21/5)20 ~r (31/2 ) r = 20Cr (3) r/2
where m = *C0100" ~ ' - "C, 100" ~ 2 + "C, 100" ~ 3 -
As 2 and 3 are relatively prime 24 "r/5 and 3r/2 will be
As nCn _ j = 1001, the units digit of m is different from 0. rational if both 4- r/5 and r/2 are integers, i.e. if r/5 and
Thus, the number of zeros at the end of 99 1001 + 1 is two. r/2 are integers. This is possible if
r = 0, 10, 20.
Example 20 The coefficient of xk in the expansion of
Thus, the sum of rational terms is
:= 1 + (1 + x) + (1 +xf + ... + (1 +x)n is 20C0(24) (3°) + 20C10 (22) (35) + 20C20 (2°) (310)
(a) nCk (b) *+lCk
As this is more than 71, 85 or 97, answer is (d).
(c) n+lCk+l (d) none of these
Example 23 If in the expansion of *3 —r-
( 1 Y , n e N,
Ans. (c)
V x J
Solution We have sum of the coefficient of x5 and x10 is 0, then value of n is
E = 1 + (1 + x) + (1 + xf + ... + (1 + x)n (a) 5 (b) 10
(c) 15 (d) 20
Ans. (c)
Solution r the (r + l)th term in the expansion of
Thus, coefficient of xk in £
1
= Coefficient of jc*+1 in [(1 + ^) w+ J - 1] JC 3 - is
(c) 20C19 (d) none of these Example 28 Let R = (2 + >/3)2w and/= ,R - [R] where
[ ] denotes the greatest integer function, then R(l-f) is
Ans. (d)
equal to
Solution rr+1, the (r+l)th term in the expansion of (a) 1 (b) 22
0 . 20^ / x20-r f sinaY (c) 22" - 1 (d) 2nCn
x cos a + - is 2UCr (x cos a)2U r -
X j \ Ans, (a)
Solution As 0 < 2 - V3 < 1 we get 0 < F = (2 - ^3 )2w < 1
For this term to be independent of jc, we set 20 - 2r = 0 We have
=> r=10.
Let /? = Term independent of jt, then
^ = 20C10(cosa)10(sina)10
= 20C10 [ cos a sin a]10
/02w-4x x /Tx4 -i
(2 )(v3) ... J
Thus, the greatest possible value of /J is 20C10 nV°
— . => /? + F is an even integer.
Example 26 Sum of the last 20 coefficients in the ex- => [/?] +/+ F is an even integer.
pansion of (1 + x)39, when expanded in ascending powers => /+ F is an integer.
of*, is
ButO</< 1 a n d O < F < 1 =* 0 < / + F < 2
(a) 219 (b) 2
(c) 40C20-219 (d) 2 But the only integer between 0 and 2 is 1. Thus,
Solution Let (A/2 -I- I)6 = R +f where R is an integer Solution We have 2 4 = 16 =17-1
andO</<l. 22000 = f?4)500= (11 — I)500
Note that = 500C0 17500 - 500C, 17499 +500C2 17498
-500C317497 + ...-500C499(17) +
AIsoO< A/2-1 < 1 = = > 0 < F = ( A/2-1)6 <1. 500
A«5. (d)
= Z C^X' Solution We have
S = 3'1 [10C0 - 10C! (3) + 10C2 (32) - 10C3 (33)
For sum of the coefficients of degree m, we must have 4. _L. ^C C^®\\. -r *-"iQw )\ cj
r + s + t = m where r, s, t are integers with r,s,t> 0.
Sum'of such coefficients
= I Cc r )fc.)("c f ) Example 34 The coefficient of z53 in
100
An5. (c)
Example 31 The remainder when 22000 is divided by Solution We have
17 is 100
m Cm(x - =(x-5 + 4) 100 = (jc -
aoo
(a) 1 (b) 2
m=0
(c) 8 (d) 12
Ans. (a) .-. Coefficient of ^53 is 100 53 (-1)47 = - 100C53.
7.10 Complete Mathematics—-JEE Main
m + l-r r+1
Thus x2n ~ l -f j2" ~l is divisible by jc + y for all n € N,
=» r2 + r + (m - r) (m + 1 - r) = 2(m + 1 - r) (r + 1) Example 40 For all n e N, n(n + 1) (2n + 1) is divisible
=> r 2 -h r + m2 + (1 -2r)m-r(l - r) = by
2m(rH-l)-!-2(l-r2) (a) 6 (b) 8
(c) 15 (d) 9
=» m 2 - m(4r + 1) + 4r2 - 2 = 0.
. (a)
Example 37 Let jc > - 1, then statement Solution We have n(n + 1) (2n + 1) = 6{ I 2 4- 22 + , , .+ n2},
/. n(/i + 1) (2n + 1) is divisible by 6 for all n e N.
is true for
Example 41 If aw = V 7 + V 7 + >/7 + "' haying n radical
(a) all n € N signs then by methods of mathematical induction which of
(b) all n > 1 the following is true
(c) all n > 1 provided (a) £„ > 7 -V- w > 1 (b) an > 3 ^ n > 1
(d) none of these, (c) <an < 4 ^ n > I (d) an<3 ^ n>l
^. (c) Ans. (c)
Mathematical Induction and Binomial Theorem 7,11
Solution We have al - v7 < 4. Assume ak < 4 for some Example 45 The last term in the binomial expansion of
natural number L ( \ f I Vogs8
We have U/2 - -= I is —r , then the 5th term from the
V V2/ V3.9 3 y
+ 4 <4 beginning is
(a) 10C6 (b) 2(10C4)
.-. a<4 ^ n>\.
Example 42 If an = 22 + 1, then for ra > 1, last digit of (d) - 10C6
anis
(a) 5 (b) 7 Ans. (b)
(c) 3
Ans. (b)
(d) 4
ion « cn f-4=T
V v2y
=(3-* -m y083" = 3-5io&2 = 4-2 5
Solution For n = 2, £n = 24 -f- 1 = 16 + 1 = 17. Assume
that ak = 22 + 1 = 10m + 7 where k > 1 and m is some =^> n = 10.
positive integer. .-. 5th term from the beginning = 10 C 4 ( A /2) 1 °~ 4
'.(C) n "+ 1 .
Thus, M (i- F) = (Vis + Vn)6 (Vis - ViT)6 = 26 = 64
Example 54 The remainder when 82w- 62 2w+1is divided
Solution Two middle terms in the expansion of (1 n- x)2n"l by 9 is
are th and f-1 th terms, that is, nth (a) 7 (b) 8
\ ) V 2 (c))0 (d) 2
and (n +l)th terms. Ans. (b)
Mathematical Induction and Binomial Theorem 7.13
1! 2! «!
y _L
of
r=l ^ C
2"
(b) —
n
an 2-1
1
(c) n! (d) (c) an
n! (d) a2
Ans. (a) Ans. (b)
7.14 Complete Mathematics—JEE Main
Example 61 Again differentiating both the sides with respect to jc, we get
Stateinent-1: For each natural number n, (n + I)7 - n1 - 1 10
is divisible by 7 .7-2
nn
Example 64 Let -— e ibwelequations, we get
(1)
Statement-!': —£. + —L + —2. + • • • + -
- 1.2 2.3 3.4 i Example 66 Let (1 + *)" = C0 + C^ + C2x2+ •• • + Cn^w.
Statement-1: S = C0 H- (C0 + C) + (C0 + Cr + C2) + • • • +
«+'2
Putting x = - 1 in (3), we obtain that the second statement Example 67 Let (1 H- x)3n = C0 + QJC +
is true. - f|,,'co C3w;c3", and a) & 1 be a cube root of unity
Putting x = 1 in (2) and (3) and subtracting, we obtain that Statement-!: C0 + C + Ca) +
statement- 1 is also true.
Example 65 Let(l +x)" = C0 + Clx + C2x2 + ••• + Cnxtl. Statement-2: Cube roots unity form a triangle otarea^S-
square units,
Statement-1: For m > 2, C0 - Cj + C2 - • • • +
.- i \m - 1 (-• _ / i \ - 1 ,n - I,-, \)
An5. (c)
C m _ ! = (-!) ( Cm_j)
Solution C0 + Cjfi)+ C2o^ + C3:+ C46)+ C56)2 + '•••
Statement-2: "Cr = "~lCr_ , + "~ lCr for 1 < r < n - 1
. (a)
Solution
= (- of)3" = (- I)3" G)6"
n— 1 x-t H — \f-t
1 *-0~ '-'I = (- iy (i)=<-1)".
Statement-2 is false as area of triangle formed by cube
_ n- Is^i n- \ i\'»-l/'/^ ^ —/ i \ i w - l / w - l ^ roots of 1unity
j."- /^ is\)3>/3/4 square units.
(^m-l)-(- 1) ( Cm~2+ Cm-V
C " "~
7,16 Complete Mathematics—JEE Main
^^
; >x<
Jk^^^^
Straight Objective Type Questions
Example 68 The number of rational terms in the expan- - u tt
6!
• . i2 r/2 )(5 J/3 )
-r-5)!^ ; \ll
This term will be rational if 2r/2 and 5s13 are both rational
numbers. This is possible if and only if r is a multiple of
2 and s is a multiple of 3. Possible values of r are 0, 2, 4 = ^._S.+ S._ +^
and 6 whereas the possible values of s are 0, 3 and 6. Also 2 3 4 '" n+l
note that 0 < r + s < 6.
For r = 0, s can take value 0, 3 or 6. Thus, Q . _ i + 2._ i ( l)» "
2 3 4 n+l
For r = 2, j can take-value 0 or 3.
For r = 4, s can take value 0. -. • • • 1 i . ^ - - ; • • • • • • :
For r = 6, 5 can take value 0. (n+ !)(« +2)
Thus, the number of rational terms i s 3 - h 2 - h l H - l = 7
Example 70 Two values of x for which the sixth term
Example 69 The sum of (n-+ iy terms of the series
of the expansion o f E =
is
2 3 4 5 is 567, is
1 (a) 3,4 (b) 3,1
(a) (b)' (c) 2,7 (d) none of these
n+2
Ans. (b)
1
(c) (d) Solution Put y='^^ log 3 j=log 3 V9 1 21
s. (d)
Next, put z=(7(1/5)los'[(4)-3U"2'-9]).
Solution We have
(-1)" Cnx" 1/5
=> log, z = l5c--21 - 9] = log, [(4) 3w-a - 9]
Iog7 [(4)35c
=» . , Z=;[(4)3'*-2I-9]1/5 , ,. :,
Uy (/i+l)C^is
Example 72 The largest term in the expansion of (a) (2fi+l)( 2 B C J I ) (b) (2n-l)(2nCn)
* From available answer, possible values of u are 3I3~21 = 3 for the choices (a) and (b) and 31212-21 _ oO .
A - 3° = 1 for the choice (c).
7 d8 Complete Mathematics—-JEE Main
2(4(4
:=*> J.2.M.2/ c = -.( n" /2 r»4.7^ I 21 ) { 21 J
Example 77 Sum of the coefficients of integral powers Example 79 Assuming x to be so small that x3 and high-
er powers of x can be neglected, then value of !
of x in the expansion of (i - 2 Vx) is ,5
(a) ^(3 50+ l) (b) 1(3») (a) 64 + 96jc + 720;c (b) 65 -97* + 72 U
(c) 64-9&C + 720C2 (d) 64
(c) ( (d) ( . (d)
An^. (a) Solution We have
Solution The coefficients of integral powers of x are
Let ^2 , 50, 3
IrYl+l-
'2" VA 2'
L V i-r^; T^I-Z.; j ^ -TAJ
X5
?l ^&i^^^Mi^-^S^Ji&^S/l^^'^^^^^ L-ISt'in,
EXERGSE (LEVEL ^ ***«»»«».*& Jtt&J&L
te,
(a) 19 (b) 6
34. The value of +4n+l C2n_k) is (c) 25 (d) 1
*=o
41. In the expansion of (x + a)n, if the sum of odd
(a) (b) 24H+1 terms be A and the sum of even terms be B, then
,4n
(c) 2™ (d) 24"+1- value of (x2 - a2)n is
35. Coeffiecient of t24 in the expansion of (a) AB (b) 2AB
(1 + t2)12 (1 + t12) (1 + t24) is (c) 4AB (d) A2-B2
(a) l2C6 (b) 1 2 C 6 + l 42. Coefficient of the term independent of x in the
(c) 12C6 (d) 12C6 i i \ i \12
36. If the value of the third term in the expansion of expansion of h- JC-- I IS
xj V *,
(x + xlog™x}5is I®6, tihen * may have value(s) (a) 192 (b) 194
(a) 1, 10 (b) 10, 1Q~5/2 (c) 196 (d) 198
(c) 10, 10~3/2 (d) 102, 10~3/2 43. For all n e N, (3) (52n +1) + 23n +1 is divisible by
37. The greatest term in the expansion of (1 + jc)10 (a) 19 (b) 17
when x = 2/3 is (c) 23 (d) 25
(a) 210(3/2)6 (b) 210(2/3)4 44. 1.2,3 + 2.3.4 + 3.4.5 + ... upto n terms is equal
(c) 210(3/2)4 (d) none of these to
38. The greatest term in the expansion of (3 + 5.x)15,
when x = 1/5, is (a) - ( n + l ) ( n + 2)(w+'3)
4
(a) 151:>C3(3") (b) 15C4(312) (b) I (n + 2) (n - 2) (n - 3) (n + 3)
(c) 15C4(310) (d) none of these 4
39. If sum of the coefficients of x7 and x4 in the ex-
(c) - n(/i + 1) (n + 2) (n + 3)
I ^ h\n of is zero, then 4
(d) none of these
Va xJ
(a) ab=l (b) a = b 45. If a, b,c, e N, «w + bn is divisible by c when ^
(c) ab = -l (d) a + & = 0 is odd but not when n is even, then value of c is
(a) a + b (b) a-b
193+63+(3)(19)(6)(25) (c) a3 + b3 (d) a3 + &3
40. The value of is
+ 6(243)(2) + (15)(81)(4) + (20)(27)
(8) + (15)(9)(16) + (6)(3)(32) + 26
»< •*'• ^•'•f•••'"•"'••''•'•**««' i~<~4 ; »iw.'-j :;.>..-u^v. . ; , - • • ,,. . " , - w %„«,« ;; „ ,'• • ^- s ,"i' ., ,; ,,-j
. 51. LetJV = 10150 - 9950 - 1005°, then i: . (a) nn + 2nCn (b) (2nCn)2
(a) N = Q , , (b) N>0 ..: , .-(P)..^». .,-.. ;,-,
(d) nn
(c) N<0 , . (d) ^=-3020 57. Sum of the series
52. Value of .......
(40C0) (40C15) - ("C,X"C16) + (4°C2)(40C12)
-(40C25) (40C40) equals
•-•>•,: ' . . • • ;
equals
(a) i « + 1) (b) - n(n +. 2)
(a) 0 .• • (b) 40C25 • 6 3
(c) 40C20 (d) -1
... (c) - n (n + 1) (w + 2)(d) - n\n + 1) (n +.2)
53. The hundred's digit of 3100 is 6 6
(a) 0 (b) 1
(c) 2 (d) ?; 58. If E<(*- 2 ) r =;£M*-3)'' ahcl '
r=0 r=0
54. If a,b, p e N and p is prime, then
K ft+ £ _ n. uicii £7^ equals
(a) p (b) p2
J ; 1 (a)n-l ;, (b) n
(c) -P^P ~ 1) (d) -p(p + 1) (c) 2«-l .. (d) .n+1
59. Coefficient of x50 in the expansion of
55. q J + - C ? + - C f -H-.-+ J c2 equals . , . „ ..(l.^...*)41.. (I .-.* + * 2yK>
2 3 w + 1" - • ^. ..-.•* ^ ... i- - , • -v \ - ; ' *»
t ••» ii i' '.- • •- I ' - • , . .. - . 2; »" t
is
(a) 0 (b).l
• (a\
w (2n
W v
}
Ir ••<-» I
7
w -4r
«+l
f2ii + l C r \; - " ' ••<**•)
(C) 40C '
Vc/ 1^19 (d) 40C29
l / W ~h 1 ^» \
(c)
V"/ i/ 2 *C+ 1 J )
\ *-V2 (d) 2" 60. If n e N, then X ( CMl t y j equals
n v ;
3. The positive integer just greater that (1 + 0.001)10000 (c) a-b=l (d) a + ^ = l [2005]
is 12. *If x is small that x3 are higher powers of x may
(a) 2 (b) 3 be neglected, then
(c) 4 (d) 5 [2002]
4. If r, w e N r > l , n > 2 and the coefficient of (r
+ 2)th term and (3r)th term in the expansion of
(1 + x)2n are equal, then n equals (1 - x)l/2
(a) 3r (b) 3 r + l may be approximated as
(c) 2r (d) 2 r + l [2002]
(g\2 /J^\2
5. The number of integral terms in the expansion of Q O Q
(3 l/2 + 5l/8)256 is O ji O
(a) 33 (b) 34
(c) l-^x2 (d) Sjc + fjc 2 [2005]
(c) 35 (d) 32 [2003] O 0
6. *If x is positive, the first negative term in the 13. For natural numbers m and n, if (1 - y)m (1 + y)n
expansion of (1 + x)21/5 is
(a) 5th term (b) 8th term and al = a2 = 10, then (m, n) equals
(c) 6th term (d) 7th term [2003]
(a) (35,45) (b) (20,45)
7. Let S(K): I + 3 + 5 + ... + (2K - 1) = 3 + K2. (c) (35,20) (d) (45,35) [2006]
Then which of the following is true?
14. The sum of the series
(a) S(K)=f> S(K+l)
(b) S(K)=*S(K+1)
(c) 5(1) is correct
(a) -10
(d) Principle of mathematical induction can be
used to prove the formula. [2004]
/\-)
r\
" fH^ \"/
Z()C
10 [2007]
8. The coefficients of the middle terms in the bino-
mial expansions in powers of x of (1 + ax)4 and 15. In the binomial expansion of
of (1 - ax)6 is the same if a equals (a - fr)*, n > 0, the sum of 5th and 6th terms is
zero, then — equals
b
10
«l [2004]
(a)
(c)
n-4
n-5
(b)
(d)
n-5
n-4
[2007]
9. The coefficient of xn in the expansion of
(1 + x) (1 - x)n is
(a) (-If1 (n-l)2 (b) ( - l f ( l - n ) 16. Statement-1: ^ (r + 1) (nCr) = (n + T)T ~l
(c) n-l (d) (-l)n~ln [2004] r=0
Putting a = y x - 1 , we find it to be a polynomial 20. Let R = (v^3 + l)6 and R - [R] =/.
of 9.
Put F = (Vs - 1)6 , then 0 < F < 1 and
11. (1 + 3x + 3;t2 + ;t3)7 = ((1 + *)3)7 = (1 + jc)21
12. Positive terms are
4w/~i 4n/^r 4
= 2[33 + 6C2 (32) + 6C4(3)
.*. number of positive terms = (n + 1),
2n => /+ F = 416 - [/?] is an integer.
1
13. Now, show that/H- F = 1.
21. Use (jc2 + 6x + 9)30 = (jc + 3)60
Number of terms in the expansion is (In + 1) out 22. See Theory.
of which just one is independent of x.
23. Number of terms in (jc + y + z)n
14. = 5C2 - - number of non-negative integral solution
x ofp + q + r-n
= 1000
=> (2t - 3)t = 2 where t = loglox
24. Similar to Question 23.
=> 2? - 3t - 2 = 0
25. r r + 15 the (r + l)th term in the expansion
=> (2* + 1) (t - 2) = 0
— .
is
=> x = -L= or x = 100.
"
20 CT br
17. 10150 - 9950 = (100 + I)50 - (100 - 1)50 For the coefficient of ;c~7, s e t l l - 3 r = - 7 = > r = 6.
= 2[50C,(100)49 + 50C3(100)47 + ... + 50C49(100)] 5
/. Coefficient of x"1 in the expansion of = UC6 —
= 10050 + a positive term.
=» b = a + (a positive term) => a < b. 6 5
We are given UC5— = nC6— ^ ai=l.
18. Clearly A0 = 1.
Putting x = 1 and x = - 1, we get
26. We have (a + tf = ^ nCran~rf
0 "™~ jA I >d -}- >d
""• /Tk-f) T * * | ~ •^'•'2
-J-
***
-J_ >4
"^ 1 2
r =0
and (-2) = A0 — Aj + A2 + ... + A12 Differentiating both the sides with respect to t, we get
Adding we get
= 31
Multiplying both the sides by t and putting a = x
19, Put^: = 1. and t = y, we get
7.26 Complete Mathematics—JEE Main
r =0
33. (1 + 2jt2 + jc4) (1 + nClx + nC2x2 + n€3x3 + ...)
CH - l n!
= 2^sin;(ra)
vX 8 4
U+ U
We can also prove this by using the principle of math-
ematical induction.
49. We have
V
45.
= (a + b) (a2m - a2m ~l b + a2m ~ 2 b2
As p\p\, we get plr! (p - r)!
n
46. Let 5 = ^ Cr sin (r^:) cos (n - r)x] (1) But for 1 <: r <> p - 1, neither r! nor (p - r)! is
divisible by p.
Using Cr = Cn _r, we can write V
S= Cw _r sin cos [(w - r) x]
We have
Cr sin [(n - r)x] cos (rx) (2)
7.28 Complete Mathematics—JEE Main ,•
l)V3/2
Let —
1 + V3/2
(5)2 (1)
-
.["•" n is odd] , r = 51 (0.5505) = 28.07
•
n n
Since n is an odd prime, each of ^ lJfc] = 28.
I
Thus, the greatest term in the expansion of
, is divisible by n. / (>/3'+-->/2) is the 29th term and it equals
n - 2;
Thus RHS of (1) is divisible by 20 'n N28
314211
Also, F - / is an integer. Since
0 < F < 1 a n d O < / < 1, we get- 1 < F - / < 1.
As F -/is an integer, we get F -/= 0 or F =/.
/. integral part of (2 -{- Vs)" - 2" +! is N - 2W + \h is divisible by 20 n.