Name: Nur Aysah Abbas

Class: XII-D/ Class code (32)

Assignment 4.2g

Assignment Brief and Guidance:

Concepts of Energy and Power - This Unit will present information on
Fundamental Dimensions of energy and power related variables in
engineering calculations.
Read:
Engineering Fundamentals – An Introduction to Engineering
5th Edition – Saeed Moaveni
Chapter 13 Energy and Power (Pages 432-479)

As you read this chapter, keep in mind the Learning Objectives:

 Work, mechanical energy and thermal energy
 Conservation of energy
 Power
 Efficiency
 Energy sources, generation and consumption
Complete:
All reviews at the end of each Learning Objective
 “Before you go on” - pages 442, 454,470
Go to Assignment LO 4.2-g and answer the following problems. Provide
complete answers showing all work.
 Problem 13.1
 Problem 13.3
 Problem 13.4
 Problem 13.5
For extra credit:
 Problem 13.12

Question,
13.1. Identify ways that you can save energy. For example,
walking up a floor instead of taking the elevator, or
walking or riding your bike an hour a day instead of
taking the car. Estimate the amount of energy that you
could save every year with your proposal. Also, estimate
the amount of fuel that can be saved in the same manner.
State your assumptions, and present your detailed
analysis in a report.

13.3. An elevator has a rated capacity of 2000 lb. It can transport

people at the rated capacity between the first and
the fifth floors, with a vertical distance of 15 ft
between each floor, in 7 s. Estimate the power requirement
for such an elevator.
My answer:
Given:
Capacity= 2000 lb.
Total distance= 15X4 = 60 ft
Total time= 7s
Asking:
How much power required for elevator to lift that thing?
Steps:
𝑤𝑜𝑟𝑘 2000𝑙𝑏 × 60𝑓𝑡
𝑃𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 = ≫ 𝑃𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 = = 17142.85 ℎ𝑝
𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒 7𝑠

13.4. Determine the gross force needed to bring a car that

is traveling at 110 km/h to a full stop in a distance of
100 m. The mass of the car is 2100 kg. What happens
to the initial kinetic energy? Where does it go or to
what form of energy does the kinetic energy convert?
My answer:
Given:

V= 110𝑘𝑚⁄ℎ

S (distance)= 100 m
Mass= 2100 kg
Asking:
 1. How much force needed to full stop the car?
2. What happens to initial kinetic energy and how does it form or
convert?
Steps:
110 𝑘𝑚 1000𝑚
Vinitial = = = 30.555 𝑚⁄𝑠
ℎ 3600𝑠

Vfinal = 0
1 1
Wfinal-initial= Force X Distance = 𝑚𝑣2 2 − 𝑚𝑣1 2
2 2
1 1 1
𝑚𝑣2 2 − 𝑚𝑣1 2 0− (2100)(30.55)2
2 2 2
Force = ≫ 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒 = = −9799.676 𝑁
𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 100

The negative sign of force means that the force is applied to opposite direction
of the motion.
The amount of initial kinetic energy will stay at the same amount. It will not lose
or broken or added. It will just change to another form with the same amount.
The kinetic energy will form sound energy and heat energy from the car’s
machine.

13.5. A centrifugal pump is driven by a motor. The performance

of the pump reveals the following information:
Power input to the pump by the motor (kW) :
0.5, 0.7, 0.9, 1.0, 1.2
Power input to the fluid by the pump (kW):
0.3, 0.55, 0.7, 0.9, 1.0
Plot the efficiency curve. The efficiency of a pump
is a function of the flow rate. Assume that the flowrate
readings corresponding to power data points are
equally spaced.
My answer:
Given data:
Power input to the pump by the motor (kW)
0.5 0.7 0.9 1.0 1.2

Power input to the fluid by the pump (kW)

 0.3 0.55 0.7 0.9 1.0

Asking:
Plot the efficiency curve:
Steps:
𝑝𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝑔𝑎𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑑 𝑏𝑦 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑓𝑙𝑢𝑖𝑑
 Ƞ(efficiency) =
𝑝𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝑖𝑛𝑝𝑢𝑡 𝑡𝑜 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑝𝑢𝑚𝑝𝑠

𝑝𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝑔𝑎𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑑 𝑏𝑦 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑓𝑙𝑢𝑖𝑑 Ƞ

𝑝𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝑖𝑛𝑝𝑢𝑡 𝑡𝑜 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑝𝑢𝑚𝑝𝑠
0.3⁄ 0.6
0.5
0.55⁄ 0.785
0.7
0.7⁄ 0.77
0.9
0.9⁄ 0.9
1.0
1.0⁄ 0.83
1.2

 Break horsepower= power input to the pump in order to drive the

pump.
Power input to the pump by the motor (kW)
0.5 0.7 0.9 1.0 1.2

Plot graph
13.12. An air-conditioning unit has a cooling capacity of
18,000 Btu/h. If the unit has a rated energy efficiency
ratio (EER) of 11, how much electrical energy is consumed
by the unit in 1 h? If a power company charges
14 cents per kWh usage, how much would it cost to
run the air-conditioning unit for a month (31 days),
assuming the unit runs 8 h a day? What is the coefficient
of performance (COP) for the given airconditioning
unit?
My answer:
Given:
Cooling capacity = 18000 Btu/h
Energy efficiency ratio = 11

Asking:
3. How much electrical energy is consumed by unit in 1 h?
4. If the cost for every kWh is 14 cents, how much the cost for 31
days if it is used 8 hours each day?
5. What is the coefficient of performance (COP)?

Steps:

We know that 1 Wh= 3.412 Btu

heat removal from the evaporator

𝐶𝑂𝑃 =
energy input to the compressor

heat removal from the evaporator (Btu)

𝐸𝐸𝑅 =
energy input to the compressor (Wh)

𝐵𝑡𝑢
heat removal from the evaporator (Btu) 18000
 𝐸𝐸𝑅 = ≫ 11 = ℎ
energy input to the compressor (Wh) energy input to the compressor (Wh)

𝐵𝑡𝑢
18000
 ≫ 11
ℎ
= 1636.36𝑊ℎ = 1.636.36𝑘𝑊ℎ (energy input to the compressor (Wh))

 Cost to operate the unit for 31 days=

1.636.36𝑘𝑊ℎ × 8ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑟𝑠 × $0.14 × 31𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠 = $56.8144

heat removal from the evaporator 18000 𝐵𝑡𝑢⁄ℎ

 𝐶𝑂𝑃 = ≫ 3.412 𝐵𝑡𝑢 = 3.223
energy input to the compressor 1636.36 𝑊ℎ×
1 𝑊ℎ