CELL THEORY

By: Allison Panganiban

ANTONIE VAN LEEUWENHOOEK
1673
An Dutch scientist and visionary,
invested his time in observing
microorganism.

First observed the

nucleus from the red
blood cell of a Salmon.

He observed that
there are single-
celled organisms in a
ANIMALCULES
drop of pond water.
ANIMALCULES
Leeuwenhooek thought that these free-form
organisms were tiny animals hence given such name.

SLIPPER (Paramecium) WHEEL (Rotifer) SUN (Heliozoa)

PROTEUS (Amoeba) TRUMPET (Stentor)

 ROBERT HOOKE
1700s
Refined the magnification for
the early lens of the
microscope.

He modified the early

microscope by refining
its lens.
He also observed a
cork (bark) under his
modified microscope.
He came up with the term
‘cells’ to describe the
pieces in the cork.
 MATTHIAS SCHLEIDEN
1855
A German botanist, interested in
identifying the composition of
plant parts.

He observed plant cell

structure particularly
the cell wall.
Established the
‘Theory of Free
He said that cells
Cell Formation’
replicate through
crystallization.
 THEODOR SCHWANN
1855
A good friend of Schleiden; He
focused his interest in animals.

He observed notochordal
(vertebrae) tissues
from frogs and pigs. He also observed
that all of them
contains nucleus.
Notice that animals are
also made up of cells
FROM SCHLEIDEN & SCHWANN’S OBSERVATIONS
They came up with the conclusion that “All living things
are composed of cell and cell products…”

1. Cell is a unit of structure for living things.

2. All organisms are composed of one or more cells.

These two statements eventually became the tenets

for the early cell theory.
 RUDOLF VIRCHOW
1868
A German biologist
Considered as the ‘Father of Modern Pathology’

He infamously said
‘Omnis cellula e
cellula’

He disproved the
idea of spontaneous
generation.
EARLY CELL THEORY
With the statements made by Schleiden and Virchow, the
cell theory was made;

1. Cell is a unit of structure for living things.

2. All organisms are composed of one or more cells.

3. Cells arise from cells.

ROBERT REMAK
First person to
pitch the same idea
as Virchow’s idea.

He disproved
Schleiden’s free cell
formation.

He said it was binary

fission which causes
cells to replicate.
DEVELOPMENTS ON CELLULAR STRUCTURE

INTERNAL STRUCTURE Protoplasm; a jelly-like substance.

(Felix Dujarin)

CELL MEMBRANE Structurally LIPID in nature.

Semipermeable state.
(Charles Overton)
MODERN INTERPRETATIONS OF THE CELL THEORY
1. All known living things are made up of one or more cells.

2. All living cells arise from pre-existing cells by division.

MITOSIS Hugo von Mohl first observed mitosis through

Algae

MEIOSIS Oscar Hertwig discovered it using sex cells

from a Sea Urchin.

Edouard Van Beneden discovered that

chromosomes are involved during cell division
 MODERN INTERPRETATIONS OF THE CELL THEORY
3. Cell is the fundamental unit of structure and function
in all living organisms.
4. The activity of an organism depends on the total activity
of each cell.
5. Energy flow occurs within cells.
Albert von Kolliker discovered
MITOCHONDRIA & CELLULAR
how cells create energy for
RESPIRATION
themselves.

ATP (Adenosine triphosphate) Karl Lohman discovered the

substance that provides energy.
MODERN INTERPRETATIONS OF THE CELL THEORY

6. Cells contain genetic material.

7. Cells in similar species have the same basic composition.

Francis Crick & James Watson
designed the widely-accepted DNA
double helix model.
MODERN INTERPRETATIONS OF THE CELL THEORY
1. All known living things are made up of one or more cells.

2. All living cells arise from pre-existing cells by division.

3. Cell is the fundamental unit of structure and function

in all living organisms.
4. The activity of an organism depends on the total activity
of each cell.
5. Energy flow occurs within cells.
6. Cells contain genetic material.

7. Cells in similar species have the same basic composition.