Study and

Determination
Research Report
of Degradation
2019 kinetics of
Copolymer
D-L Lactic acid Oligomer

SIDRA SHAHID
(4953)
Submitted to:
Ma’am RIda
Fatima
Introduction
 what is kinetics?
Kinetics is the study of chemical reaction. The study of kinetics of is based on different laws.
 Why do we study kinetics?
One reason for the importance of kinetics is provide evidence for chemical reaction.
 Define Degradation?
Decomposition of compound especially complex substances such as polymer and co
polymer and proteins.
 Co polymer
Co polymer is composed of two or more different , subunit linked together to form a chain.
Example: D_L Lactic acid oligomer

 Categories
There are three different categories of co polymer
 RANDOM
 BLOCK
 GRAFT
  RANDOM:
In a co random co polymer two monomers follows in any order.
 BLOCK:
Block polymer contain alternating segments of different polymer.
 GRAFT:
Is a type of polymer which have one or more blocks of homo polymer are grafted as
branched into a main chain.
 DIFFERNCE:

 HOMO POLYMER:
Homopolymer are produced by using a single type of monomers
.

 CO POLYMER:
CO polymer is formed by using two different type of monomers.
  Poly lactic acid ( PLA) and its co polymer with poly (glycolic acid) are widely used
for pharmaceutical and biomedical application.

 ATTRIBUTES:

 Important attributes of these polymer is the possibility to modulate the

 Example:
Chemical composition of homo co polymer of lactic acid :
physical properties, molecular weight , glass transition temp.

 Degradation Mechanism:
The most common mechanism explanation for the
degradation process follow as

 Degradation start with absorption of water.

 Hydrolytic cleavage of ester bond which create chain fragments with acidic
end group .
 In contrast to small size device where soluble oligomer can escape before
they are totally degraded.
 In large size device only soluble oligomer located close to surface area
AUTOCATALYSIS:.
It is also known that ions from the medium decrease the relative acidity of
the surface and form an acidity gradient from surface to center ….

POSTULATES:
 It was postulates that oligomer produce during the hydrolysis create an
osmotic pressure between interior of device and surrounding medium.
 This osmotic pressure draws water into matrix and outer layer act s
“Semipermeable membrane”
 It is assumed that if internal degradation products become small enough
to be soluble ( critical mol.wt of oligomer).

Objective:
  The objective of this report is to synthesis series of oligo D L lactides
with narrow mol wt. with respect to there physio chemical properties
as function of average chain length.

Techniques
There are two techniques we used.

 HPLC
High performance liquid chromatography.
 NMR
Nuclear magnetic resonance.

These technique is used to obtain information about the de-gradation kinetics of oligomer.

Material
90% D.L lactic acid in aqouse solution.
1. Terta hydro furan (THF)
2. Dichloromethane
3. Deuterated Acetone
4. Deuterochoric Acid
5. Trifluoro Acetic acid
6. Petroleum ether
0.1 N Sodium methyl solution
All material required for analytical purity.

Synthesis
Synthesis of D-L lactic acid required 100ml of 90% D-L lactic acid aqueous solution was
allowed to concentrate by gentle distillation of H2o
The reaction started at normal pressure and was change to reduce the pressure after removal
of water
temperature was slowly increased to reach 140c after 3 days
At various time point of polymerization of a sample was take and analyzed for number
average mol.wt.(Mn).
The synthesis time change 4h 8days

Yield :
The yield of oligomer production ranged between 56% and 83%.
All sample were stored in a desiccator at room temperature.

Characteristics:
1. End group Analysis: the quantity of carboxylic group in oligomer determine by titration
of oligomer solution with NAOCH3.
2. Each sample was dissolved in DCM and diluted with ethanol
3. Phenphthaline was added and solution titrated with NAOCH3
4. Volume of alkali solution consumed for titration
5. To calculate the no. average mol. Wt. of oligomer by using equation. (Mn = W/C*V-
Vo)
Where as,
W = Wt. of oligomer titrated
C is the conc. Of NAOCH3 solution
V-Vo = Volume of NAOCH3 solution