Análisis Estructural

MÉTODO DE LAS RIGIDECES

PROBLEMA N° 1

1 MODELO ESTRUCTURAL
T/m
1

B
A 2

7.500 m

6.000 m
1

3
C
D

6.000 m 4.500 m

2 DATOS INICIALES
Ec = 200,000 Kg/cm²

G = 0 . 44 E

Gc = 88,000.00 Kg/cm²

L1 = 600 cm L2 = 600 L3 = 750 cm

55 cm 69.3 cm 55 cm

25 cm 25 cm 25 cm

A1 = 1,375 cm² A2 = 1,733 cm² A3 = 1,375 cm²

4
I1 = 346,614.58 cm I2 = 693,359.49 cm4 I3 = 346,614.58 cm4

m1 = 1.2 m2 = 1.2 m3 = 1.2

Sabiendo que:
12 EI µ
φ =
L 2 AG

F1 = 0.022916667 F2 = 0.0363825 F3 = 0.0146667

 Análisis Estructural

3 DETERMINACIÓN DE EJES GLOBALES

B
A 2

y
1

3
x

C
D

4 RELACIÓN ENTRE EJES GLOBALES Y EJES LOCALES

y
A

0°

x B
A y
2
1

306.8698976°
x
B

90°

D
x
3

C
 Análisis Estructural

5 ANÁLISIS EN COORDENADAS LOCALES

5.1 Matriz de Rigidez en Coordenadas Locales [K]

 EA − EA 
 0 0 0 0 
 L L 
 12 EI 6 EI − 12 EI 6 EI 
 0 0 
 L 3 (1 + φ ) L 2 (1 + φ ) L 3 (1 + φ ) L 2 (1 + φ ) 
 6 EI  4 + φ  EI − 6 EI  2 − φ  EI 
 0
L 2 (1 + φ )  1 + φ  L 0
L 2 (1 + φ )  1 + φ  L 
[K ] =      
 − EA EA 
 0 0 0 0 
L L
 
 − 12 EI − 6 EI 12 EI − 6 EI 
0 0
 L 3 (1 + φ ) L 2 (1 + φ ) L 3 (1 + φ ) L 2 (1 + φ ) 
 
 6 EI  2 − φ  EI − 6 EI  4 + φ  EI 
0   0  

 L 2 (1 + φ )  1 + φ  L L 2 (1 + φ )  1 + φ  L 

Barra 1

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)

2.291666667 0 0 -2.29166667 0 0 (1)
0 0.01882 5.64749 0 -0.01882 5.64749 (2)
6
[K1] = 0 5.64749 2,271.93741 0 -5.64749 1,116.55546 E (3)

-2.291666667 0 0 2.29166667 0 0 (4)

0 -0.01882 -5.64749 0 0.01882 -5.64749 (5)
0 5.64749 1,116.55546 0 -5.64749 2,271.93741 (6)

Barra 2

(4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9)

2.8875 0 0 -2.8875 0 0 (4)
0 0.03717 11.15032 0 -0.03717 11.15032 (5)
6
[K2] = 0 11.15032 4,500.69372 0 -11.15032 2,189.49541 E (6)

-2.8875 0 0 2.8875 0 0 (7)

0 -0.03717 -11.15032 0 0.03717 -11.15032 (8)
0 11.15032 2,189.49541 0 -11.15032 4,500.69372 (9)

Barra 3

(4) (5) (6) (10) (11) (12)

1.833333333 0 0 -1.83333333 0 0 (7)
0 0.00972 3.64378 0 -0.00972 3.64378 (8)
6
[K3] = 0 3.64378 1,828.57032 0 -3.64378 904.26476 E (9)

-1.833333333 0 0 1.83333333 0 0 (10)

0 -0.00972 -3.64378 0 0.00972 -3.64378 (11)
0 3.64378 904.26476 0 -3.64378 1,828.57032 (12)

5.2 Fuerzas de Fijación en Coordenadas Locales [F°]

Barra 1

Dado que no hay cargas en la barra, se tiene que

0 (1)
0 (2)
0 (3)
[F°1] = 0 (4)
0 (5)
0 (6)
1

D
 Análisis Estructural

Barra 2

1 T/m
MA MB

A 2 B

6.000 m

RA RB

M i = ω L2
12
Mi = 3.00 T-m

M j = ω L2
12
Mi = 3.00 T-m

R i = ω L
2
Ri = 3.00 T

R j = ω L
2 Rj = 3.00 T

0 (4)
3,000.00 (5)
300,000.00 (6)
[F°2] = 0 (7)
3,000.00 (8)
-300,000.00 (9)

Barra 3

Dado que no hay cargas en la barra, se tiene que

0 (4)
0 (5)
0 (6)
[F°3] = 0 (10)
0 (11)
0 (12)
3

C
 Análisis Estructural

6 ANÁLISIS EN COORDENADAS GLOBALES

6.1 Vector de Deformación Total

5 8

A B
4 7

6 2 9

3
C
2 11

D
1 10

3 12

De las condiciones de apoyo, se concluye

m1 = 0 m4 = 0 m7 = 0 m10 = 0
m2 = 0 m5 = 0 m8 = 0 m11 = 0
m3 = 0 m6 = 0 m9 = 0 m12 = 0

Por lo que el vector deformación queda:

m4
m5
m6
[U] = m7
m8
m9
m12

6.2 Matrices de Rigidez [K]

[K ] = [A T ] [K ][A ]
Barra 1 a= 90° sen a = 1
1.570796327 rad cos a = 6.12574E-17

6.12574E-17 1 0 0 0 0
-1 6.12574E-17 0 0 0 0
[A1]= 0 0 1 0 0 0
0 0 0 6.1257E-17 1 0
0 0 0 -1 6.12574E-17 0
0 0 0 0 0 1

6.12574E-17 -1 0 0 0 0
1 6.12574E-17 0 0 0 0
T
[A1] = 0 0 1 0 0 0
0 0 0 6.1257E-17 -1 0
0 0 0 1 6.12574E-17 0
0 0 0 0 0 1

0.0000 -0.0188 -5.6475 0.0000 0.0188 -5.6475

2.2917 0.0000 0.0000 -2.2917 0.0000 0.0000
0.0000 5.6475 2,271.9374 0.0000 -5.6475 1,116.5555
[A1]T[K1]= 0.0000 0.0188 5.6475 0.0000 -0.0188 5.6475 6
E
-2.2917 0.0000 0.0000 2.2917 0.0000 0.0000
0.0000 5.6475 1,116.5555 0.0000 -5.6475 2,271.9374

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)

0.0188 0.0000 -5.6475 -0.0188 0.0000 -5.6475 (1)
0.0000 2.2917 0.0000 0.0000 -2.2917 0.0000 (2)
-5.6475 0.0000 2,271.9374 5.6475 0.0000 1,116.5555 (3)
[K1] = [A1]T[K1][A1]= -0.0188 0.0000 5.6475 0.0188 0.0000 5.6475 6
E (4)

0.0000 -2.2917 0.0000 0.0000 2.2917 0.0000 (5)

-5.6475 0.0000 1,116.5555 5.6475 0.0000 2,271.9374 (6)
 Análisis Estructural

Barra 2 a= 0.000000° sen a = 0

0 rad cos a = 1

1 0 0 0 0 0
0 1 0 0 0 0
[A2]= 0 0 1 0 0 0
0 0 0 1 0 0
0 0 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 0 0 1

1 0 0 0 0 0
0 1 0 0 0 0
T
[A2] = 0 0 1 0 0 0
0 0 0 1 0 0
0 0 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 0 0 1

2.8875 0.0000 0.0000 -2.8875 0.0000 0.0000

0.0000 0.0372 11.1503 0.0000 -0.0372 11.1503
0.0000 11.1503 4,500.6937 0.0000 -11.1503 2,189.4954
[A2]T[K2]= -2.8875 0.0000 0.0000 2.8875 0.0000 0.0000 6
E
0.0000 -0.0372 -11.1503 0.0000 0.0372 -11.1503
0.0000 11.1503 2,189.4954 0.0000 -11.1503 4,500.6937

(4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9)

2.8875 0.0000 0.0000 -2.8875 0.0000 0.0000 (4)
0.0000 0.0372 11.1503 0.0000 -0.0372 11.1503 (5)
0.0000 11.1503 4,500.6937 0.0000 -11.1503 2,189.4954 (6)
[K2] = [A2]T[K2][A2]= -2.8875 0.0000 0.0000 2.8875 0.0000 0.0000 6
E (7)

0.0000 -0.0372 -11.1503 0.0000 0.0372 -11.1503 (8)

0.0000 11.1503 2,189.4954 0.0000 -11.1503 4,500.6937 (9)

Barra 3 a= 306.869898° sen a = -0.8

5.355890089 rad cos a = 0.6

0.6 -0.8 0 0 0 0
0.8 0.6 0 0 0 0
[A3]= 0 0 1 0 0 0
0 0 0 0.6 -0.8 0
0 0 0 0.8 0.6 0
0 0 0 0 0 1

0.6 0.8 0 0 0 0
-0.8 0.6 0 0 0 0
T
[A3] = 0 0 1 0 0 0
0 0 0 0.6 0.8 0
0 0 0 -0.8 0.6 0
0 0 0 0 0 1

1.1000 0.0078 2.9150 -1.1000 -0.0078 2.9150

-1.4667 0.0058 2.1863 1.4667 -0.0058 2.1863
0.0000 3.6438 1,828.5703 0.0000 -3.6438 904.2648
[A3]T[K3]= -1.1000 -0.0078 -2.9150 1.1000 0.0078 -2.9150 6
E
1.4667 -0.0058 -2.1863 -1.4667 0.0058 -2.1863
0.0000 3.6438 904.2648 0.0000 -3.6438 1,828.5703

(7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12)

0.6662 -0.8753 2.9150 -0.6662 0.8753 2.9150 (7)
-0.8753 1.1768 2.1863 0.8753 -1.1768 2.1863 (8)
2.9150 2.1863 1,828.5703 -2.9150 -2.1863 904.2648 (9)
[K3] = [A3]T[K3][A3]= -0.6662 0.8753 -2.9150 0.6662 -0.8753 -2.9150 6
E (10)

0.8753 -1.1768 -2.1863 -0.8753 1.1768 -2.1863 (11)

2.9150 2.1863 904.2648 -2.9150 -2.1863 1,828.5703 (12)
 Análisis Estructural

6.3 Matriz Rigidez Total o Ensamblada (Barra 1 + Barra 2 + Barra 3)

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)
0.0188 0.0000 -5.6475 -0.0188 0.0000 -5.6475
0.0000 2.2917 0.0000 0.0000 -2.2917 0.0000
-5.6475 0.0000 2,271.9374 5.6475 0.0000 1,116.5555
-0.0188 0.0000 5.6475 2.9063 0.0000 5.6475 -2.8875 0.0000 0.0000
0.0000 -2.2917 0.0000 0.0000 2.3288 11.1503 0.0000 -0.0372 11.1503
[K]= -5.6475 0.0000 1,116.5555 5.6475 11.1503 6,772.6311 0.0000 -11.1503 2,189.4954
-2.8875 0.0000 0.0000 3.5537 -0.8753 2.9150 -0.6662
0.0000 -0.0372 -11.1503 -0.8753 1.2140 -8.9640 0.8753
0.0000 11.1503 2,189.4954 2.9150 -8.9640 6,329.2640 -2.9150
-0.6662 0.8753 -2.9150 0.6662
0.8753 -1.1768 -2.1863 -0.8753
2.9150 2.1863 904.2648 -2.9150

6.4 Matriz Ensamblaje Reducida

De acuerdo a las deformaciones nulas, se eliminarán las filas y columnas:

1, 2, 3, 10, 11

(4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (12)

2.9063 0.0000 5.6475 -2.8875 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 (4)
0.0000 2.3288 11.1503 0.0000 -0.0372 11.1503 0.0000 (5)
6
[K]= 5.6475 11.1503 6,772.6311 0.0000 -11.1503 2,189.4954 0.0000 E (6)

-2.8875 0.0000 0.0000 3.5537 -0.8753 2.9150 2.9150 (7)

0.0000 -0.0372 -11.1503 -0.8753 1.2140 -8.9640 2.1863 (8)
0.0000 11.1503 2,189.4954 2.9150 -8.9640 6,329.2640 904.2648 (9)
0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 2.9150 2.1863 904.2648 1,828.5703 (12)

6.5 Vector de Fuerzas de Fijación [F°]

[F ] = [A ][F ]
o T o

Barra 1 Barra 2 Barra 3

0.00 (1) 0.00 (4)

0.00 (2) 3,000.00 (5)
T T
[F°1] = [A1] [F°1] = 0.00 (3) [F°2] = [A2] [F°2] = 300,000.00 (6) [F°3] =
0.00 (4) 0.00 (7)
0.00 (5) 3,000.00 (8)
0.00 (6) -300,000.00 (9)

6.6 Vector Fuerzas de Fijación Total o Ensamblado

0.0000 (1)
0.0000 (2)
0.0000 (3)
0.0000 (4) 0.0000 (4)
3,000.0000 (5) 3,000.0000 (5)
[F°] = 300,000.0000 (6) [F°]Sim = 300,000.0000 (6)
0.0000 (7) 0.0000 (7)
3,000.0000 (8) 3,000.0000 (8)
-300,000.0000 (9) -300,000.0000 (9)
0.0000 (10) 0.0000 (12)
0.0000 (11)
0.0000 (12)

6.7 Vector Fuerzas Externas (en nudos)

0.0000 (1)
0.0000 (2)
0.0000 (3)
0.0000 (4) 0.0000 (4)
0.0000 (5) 0.0000 (5)
[Fe] = 0.0000 (6) [Fe]Sim = 0.0000 (6)
0.0000 (7) 0.0000 (7)
0.0000 (8) 0.0000 (8)
0.0000 (9) 0.0000 (9)
0.0000 (10) 0.0000 (12)
0.0000 (11)
0.0000 (12)

7 DETERMINACIÓN DE DEFORMACIONES
7.1 Determinación de Fórmulas

[F e ] = [F ° ] + [K ][U ]
[U ] = [K ]− 1 { [F e ] − [F ° ]}

7.2 Inversa de Matriz Rigidez del Sistema

27.1923 0.1850 0.0012 27.0256 19.8410 0.0263 -0.0798

0.1850 0.4362 -0.0005 0.1852 0.1394 -0.0004 -0.0002
[K]-1= 0.0012 -0.0005 0.0002 0.0015 0.0022 -0.0001 0.0000 1
27.0256 0.1852 0.0015 27.2047 19.9746 0.0264 -0.0803 7
E
19.8410 0.1394 0.0022 19.9746 15.5099 0.0204 -0.0605
0.0263 -0.0004 -0.0001 0.0264 0.0204 0.0002 -0.0002
-0.0798 -0.0002 0.0000 -0.0803 -0.0605 -0.0002 0.0008
 Análisis Estructural

7.3 Diferencia de Vectores Fuerza

0.0000 (4)
-3,000.0000
[F ] − [F ° ]Sim =
(5)
e Sim -300,000.0000 (6)
0.0000 (7)
-3,000.0000 (8)
300,000.0000 (9)
0.0000 (12)

7.4 Deformaciones

-52,533.0603 (4) -0.2627 cm 0.258044538

-1,712.6079 (5) -0.0086 cm
[U]= -73.7603 1 (6) -0.0004 rad
-53,019.8112 7 (7) -0.2651 cm
-41,471.8002
E (8) -0.2074 cm
24.1624 (9) 0.0001 rad
122.1573 (12) 0.0006 rad

8 DETERMINACIÓN DE ELEMENTOS MECÁNICOS DE CADA BARRA

8.1 Vector Deformación Total en C.G.

0 (1)
0 (2)
0 (3)
-52,533.0603 (4)
-1,712.6079 1 (5)
[U]= -73.7603
12
(6)
-53,019.8112 E (7)
-41,471.8002 (8)
24.1624 (9)
0 (10)
0 (11)
122.1573 (12)

8.2 Vector Deformación Total en Coordenadas Globales para cada barra

0.0000 (1) -52,533.0603 (4) -53,019.8112 (7)

0.0000 (2) -1,712.6079 (5) -41,471.8002 (8)
0.0000 1 (3) -73.7603 1 (6) 24.1624 1 (9)
[U1]= 6 [U2]= 6 [U3]= 6
-52,533.0603 E (4) -53,019.8112 E (7) 0.0000 E (10)
-1,712.6079 (5) -41,471.8002 (8) 0.0000 (11)
-73.7603 (6) 24.1624 (9) 122.1573 (12)

8.3 Vector Deformación Total en Coordenadas Locales para cada barra

Barra 1 Barra 2 Barra 3

0.00 -52,533.06 1,365.55

0.00 1 -1,712.61 1 -67,298.93 1
[U1] = [A1] [U1] = 0.00 6 [U2] = [A2] [U2] = -73.76 6
[U3] = [A3] [U3] = 24.16 6
-1,712.61 E -53,019.81 E 0.00 E
52,533.06 -41,471.80 0.00
-73.76 24.16 122.16

8.4 Elementos mecánicos de cada barra

[F em ] = [F ° ] + [K ][U ]

3,924.73 1,405.49 2,503.51

-1,405.49 924.73 -120.77
[K1] [U1] = -379,037.27 [K2] [U2] = 164,258.57 [K3] [U3] = -90,577.28
-3,924.73 -1,405.49 -2,503.51
1,405.49 -924.73 120.77
-464,258.57 390,577.28 0.00

3,924.73 1,405.49 2,503.51

-1,405.49 3,924.73 -120.77
[F1em] = -379,037.27 [F2em] = 464,258.57 [F3em] = -90,577.28
-3,924.73 -1,405.49 -2,503.51
1,405.49 2,075.27 120.77
-464,258.57 90,577.28 0.00
 Análisis Estructural

9 ESQUEMA ESTRUCTURAL RESUELTO

T-m T/m T-m
4.64 1.00 0.91

T T T
3.92 1.41 1.41
T-m A B
4.64 6.000 m
T
1.41 T T
A
3.92 2.08

T
2.50
T-m
0.91

6.000 m
T B
0.12

D T
1.41

T-m T
3.79 3.92
7.500 m

T
2.50
T
0.12