PED03-The Teachers and the School Curriculum

Name: Atentar, Jindel T. Score:_______

God Bless!
I. Instructions. Answer the questions directly but comprehensively.
1. Explain how each of the following foundations regard curriculum:
a. Philosophical
-in philosophical foundations, it provides Educators and Teachers who create the
curriculum with the framework of planning, implementing and evaluating the curriculum
in school. It helps to answer the questions, what is school for?, what are the subjects that
are important?, and how the students should learn and what materials and methods should
used in teaching. Include in here the planning to come up with the decision to make to
achieve the goals and objectives of curriculum. The philosophy is essential in order to
give meaning to any curriculum development effort. Curriculum planners are forced to
consider their values as pertaining to education. The decisions that affect the scope
of curriculum will have an important impact on the structure and content of school
programs.

b. Historical
-In historical foundations, most of curriculum theorists they view curriculum from
historical perspective as a science. The history of one’s country can affect its educational
system and the kind of curriculum it has. Where in the curriculum is based on the
students interest and special needs. The list of activities to experience by the students is
related to the objectives of curriculum for the students development and growth.

c. Psychological
-in psychological foundations, it provides the basis for teaching for teaching and the
learning. For behaviourists, the proper way of teaching should be organized for the
students experience and to master the subject matter. In cognitive theorists, the learning
used logical methods for organizing and interpreting learning and should be in line to the
cognitive development theory. For humanistic psychology, learning should develop
human potential. Psychology provides information about the teaching and learning
process. It also seeks answers as to how a curriculum be organized in order to achieve
students' learning at the optimum level, and as to what amount of information they can
absorb in learning the various contents of the curriculum.

d. Social
-in social foundations, emphasize the influence of society in every learner. So it should
consider the society for curriculum making, the societal structures and economic issues.
And the school as the formal institutions address more complex and interrelated societies
in the world. There is a mutual and encompassing relationship between society and
curriculum because the school exists within the societal context. Though schools are
formal institutions that educate the people, there are other units of society that educate or
influence the way people think, such as families and friends as well as communities.
2. State the aim of secondary education. How is it achieved in the TLE curriculum?
-aim of secondary education is to continue the objectives of elementary education, and enhances
different aptitude and interests of students in order to equip them with skills for productive endeavor and
to prepare them for tertiary schooling. Secondary education should provide the learner with opportunities
to acquire necessary knowledge, skills and attitudes for the development of the self and the nation.
Technology and Livelihood Education in the global community as a subject allows students to gain
knowledge and develop their skills that will transform their lives toward productive ends . The aim of
secondary education achieved the TLE curriculum, because the TLE is a skills subject where in the
student will learn best by doing. The curriculum focused on the mastery of skills that will equip the
students with skills for lifelong learning and prepare them for tertiary schooling.

3. What are the three big domains of objective? Explain each. Then, construct 2 examples for each using
one learning area (your choice) in TLE-HE.
Cognitive Domain- the domain of thought process that involves the development of intellectual skills and
the acquisition of knowledge. This includes the recall or recognition of specific facts, procedural patterns,
and concepts that serve in the development of intellectual abilities and skills.
Ex. In ICT after the teachers discuss the step by step process of how to assemble/disassemble of
a CPU, then we are the one to apply what we learned in hands on activities.
In industrial we memorize the parts of automobile and the functions of each parts.

Affective Domain- domain of valuing, attitude and appreciation. It describes the way people react
emotionally and the ability of affection to others. This domain includes the manner in which we deal with
things emotionally, such as feelings, values, appreciation, enthusiasms, motivations, and attitudes.
Ex. In cookery, every members of the group is contributing to the task given.
Express an idea about the proper way of preparing food to participate in class discussion.

Psychomotor Domain- domain use of psychomotor attributes, includes physical movement and the use of
motor skills areas. Development of these skills requires practice and is measured in terms of speed,
precision, distance, procedures, or techniques in execution.
Ex. Responds effectively in unexpected happen in computer when monitoring during.
Editing pictures in computer and typing without looking at the keyboards.
4. In the selection of subject matter content or knowledge for the curriculum, what criteria must be
included in the evaluation? Define each.
Self-sufficiency- the prime guiding principle for content selection that help learners to self-sufficiency in
the most economical manner, although economy implies less teaching efforts and less use of educational
resources and students gain more results and effective learning outcomes.

Significance- The subject matter or content is significant if it is selected and organized for the
development of learning activities, skills, processes, and attitude. It also develops the three domains of
learning namely the cognitive, affective and psychomotor skills and considers the cultural aspects of the
learners. Particularly, if your students come from different cultural backgrounds and races, the subject
matter must be culture-sensitive.

Validity- the authenticity of the subject matter. Subject matter should be checked or verified at regular
intervals to determine if the content that was originally valid continues to be. Make sure that the topics are
not obsolete.

Interest- This criterion is true to the learner-centered curriculum. Students learn best if the subject matter
is meaningful to them. It becomes meaningful if they are interested in it. However, if the curriculum is
subject-centered, teachers have no choice but to finish the pacing schedule religiously and only teach
what is in the book. This approach explains why many fail in the subject.

Utility- Another criterion is the usefulness of the content or subject matter. Students think that a subject
matter or some subjects are not important to them. They view it useless. As a result, they do not study.

Learnability- The subject matter or content must be within the schema of the learners. It should be within
their experiences. Teachers should apply theories in the psychology of learning to know how subjects are
presented, sequenced, and organized to maximize the learning capacity of the students.

Feasibility- Feasibility means full implementation of the subject matter. It should consider the real
situation of the school, the government, and the society, in general. Students must learn within the
allowable time and the use of resources available. Do not give them a topic that is impossible to finish.
5. Fill in the grid/matrix (below) that introduces the significant individuals who established names in the
foundations of curriculum.
Foundation Pioneer Ideology
1. Philosophical John Dewey Philsophy is the starting
point of curriculum
development.
2. Historical Ralph Tyler educational goals be
derived from an analysis
of the subject
3. Psychological Albert Bandura posits that people learn
from one another, via
observation, imitation, and
modeling
4. Social Lev Vygotsky social interaction plays a
critical role
in children's learning.
Through such social
interactions, children go
through a continuous
process of learning
Prepared by: MARITES M. ROH
Contributions
advocated a child-
centered and
community-
centered curriculum to
give students
experiences that make
rigorous intellectual
demands in the contexts
of democratic social
living.
His formula of
educational design was
revolutionary and
provided purpose to
educational practice
posits that people learn
from one another, via
observation, imitation,
and modeling
devised a sociocultural
theory which
subsequently
influenced the
development of the
constructivist
movement