Software Verification

PROGRAM NAME: SAP2000

REVISION NO.: 17

CSA S16-09 Example 001

WIDE FLANGE MEMBER UNDER COMPRESSION & BENDING

EXAMPLE DESCRIPTION
The frame object moment and shear strength is tested in this example.

A simply supported beam is (a) laterally restrained along its full length, (b)
laterally restrained along its quarter points, at mid-span, and at the ends (c)
laterally restrained along mid-span, and is subjected to a uniform factored load of
DL = 7 kN/m and LL = 15 kN/m. This example was tested using the CSA S16-
09 steel frame design code. The moment and shear strengths are compared with
Handbook of Steel construction (9th Edition) results.

GEOMETRY, PROPERTIES AND LOADING

L = 8.0 m

Material Properties Loading Design Properties

E= 2x108 kN/m2 WD = 7 kN/m ASTM A992
Fy = 350 kN/m2 WL = 15 kN/m CSA G40.21 350W
W410X46
W410X60
TECHNICAL FEATURES TESTED
➢ Section compactness check (bending)
➢ Member bending capacity, Mr (fully restrained)
➢ Member bending capacity, Mr (buckling)
➢ Member bending capacity, Mr (LTB)

CSA S16-09 Example 001 - 1

 Software Verification
PROGRAM NAME: SAP2000
REVISION NO.: 17

RESULT COMPARISON

Independent results are taken from Examples 1, 2 and 3 on pages 5-84 and 5-85
of the Hand Book of Steel Construction to CSA S16-01 published by Canadian
Institute of Steel Construction.

Percent
Output Parameter SAP2000 Independent Difference

Compactness Class 1 Class 1 0.00%

Design Moment, Mf (kN-m) 250.0 250.0 0.00%

(a) Moment Capacity, Mr33 of 278.775 278.775 0.00%

W410X46 (kN-m) w/ lb = 0 m

(b) Moment Capacity, Mr33 of 268.97 268.89 0.03%

W410X46 (kN-m) w/ lb = 2 m

(c) Moment Capacity, Mr33 of 292.10 292.23 -0.04%

W410X60 (kN-m) w/ lb = 4 m

COMPUTER FILE: CSA S16-09 EX001

CONCLUSION
The results show an acceptable comparison with the independent results. The
minor differences are accounted for by the fact that the program uses a slightly
different value for Cw.

CSA S16-09 Example 001 - 2

 Software Verification
PROGRAM NAME: SAP2000
REVISION NO.: 17

HAND CALCULATION

Properties:
Material: CSA G40.21 Grade 350W
fy = 350 MPa
E = 200,000 MPa
G = 76923 MPa
Section: W410x46
bf = 140 mm, tf = 11.2 mm, d = 404 mm, tw = 7 mm
h  d  2t f  404  2 •11.2  381.6mm
Ag = 5890 mm2
I22 = 5,140,000 mm4
Z33 = 885,000 mm3
J = 192,000 mm4
Cw  1.976 •1011 mm6
Section: W410x60
bf = 178 mm, tf = 12.8 mm, d = 408 mm, tw = 7.7 mm
h  d  2t f  408  2 •12.8  382.4mm
Ag = 7580 mm2
I22 = 12,000,000 mm4
Z33= 1,190,000 mm3
J = 328,000 mm4
Cw  4.698 •1011 mm6
Member:
L=8m
Ф = 0.9

CSA S16-09 Example 001 - 3

 Software Verification
PROGRAM NAME: SAP2000
REVISION NO.: 17

Loadings:
wf = (1.25wd + 1.5wl) = 1.25(7) + 1.5(15) = 31.25 kN/m
w f L2 31.25 • 82
Mf  
8 8

M f  250 kN-m

Section Compactness:
Localized Buckling for Flange:
145 145
Cl .1    7.75
Fy 350

W410x46
bf 140
   6.25
2t f 2 • 11.2

  Cl .1 , No localized flange buckling

Flange is Class 1.
W410x60
bf 178
   6.95
2t f 2 • 12.8

  Cl .1 , No localized flange buckling

Flange is Class 1.

Localized Buckling for Web:

1100  Cf  1100  0 
Cl .1  1  0.39   1  0.39   58.8
Fy  Cy  350  5890 • 350 

W410x46
h 381.6
   54.51
tw 7

CSA S16-09 Example 001 - 4

 Software Verification
PROGRAM NAME: SAP2000
REVISION NO.: 17

  Cl .1 , No localized web buckling

Web is Class 1.

Section is Class 1

W410x60
h 382.4
   49.66
tw 7.7

  Cl .1 , No localized web buckling

Web is Class 1.

Section is Class 1

Calculation of ω2:
ω2 is calculated from the moment profile so is independent of cross section and is
calculated as:
4 • M max
2 
M max 2  4M a 2  7 M b 2  4M c 2
where: Mmax = maximum moment
Ma = moment at ¼ unrestrained span
Mb = moment at ½ unrestrained span
Mc = moment at ¾ unrestrained span

Section Bending Capacity for W410x46:

M p  Fy Z 33  350 • 885,000 / 10 6  309.75 kN-m

M p  0.9 • 309.75  278.775 kN-m

Member Bending Capacity for Lb = 0 mm (Fully Restrained):

Lb = 0, so Mmax = Ma = Mb = Mc = Mu = 250 kN-m and ω2 = 1.000

CSA S16-09 Example 001 - 5

 Software Verification
PROGRAM NAME: SAP2000
REVISION NO.: 17

  E 
2

Mu  2 EI 22GJ    I 22Cw   as L  0
L  L 

 M p 33 
M r 33  1.15M p 33 1  0.28   M p 33
 Mu 

M p 33
0.28  0 as M u  
Mu
leading to M r 33  1.15  M p33   M p33
So

M r 33  M p33  278.775kN-m

Member Bending Capacity for Lb = 2000 mm:

L  Lb Lb 8  2 2
M a @ xa      3.5 m
2 4 2 4
 f Lxa  f xa 2 31.25 • 8 • 3.5 31.25 • 3.52
Ma      246.094 kN-m
2 2 2 2
Ma = Mc = 246.094 kN-m @ 3500 mm and 4500 mm
Mmax = Mb = 250 kN-m @ 4000 mm

4 • 250
2   1.008
250  4 • 246.0942  7 • 2502  4 • 246.094 2
2

ω2 = 1.008

2   E 
2

Mu  EI 22GJ    I 22Cw
L  L 

CSA S16-09 Example 001 - 6

 Software Verification
PROGRAM NAME: SAP2000
REVISION NO.: 17

 2 •10  •  5.14 •10  • 76923 • 192 •10 

5 6 3

1.008 • 
Mu     2 • 10  
2
5
2000    5.14 • 10 197.6 • 10 
6 9

 2000 
 
M u  537.82 •106 N-mm = 537.82 kN-m

0.67 M p  0.67 • 309.75  208  M u  537.82kN-m, so

 M p 33 
M r 33  1.15M p 33 1  0.28   M p 33
 Mu 

 309.75 
M r 33  1.15 • 0.9 • 309.75 1  0.28  268.89 kN-m  278.775 kN-m
 537.82 

M r 33  268.89kN-m

Section Capacity for W410x60:

M p  Fy Z 33  350 • 1190,000 / 10 6  416.5 kN-m

M p  0.9 • 416.5  374.85 kN-m

Member Bending Capacity for Lb = 4000 m:

L  Lb Lb 8  4 4
M a @ xa      3m
2 4 2 4
 f Lxa  f xa 2 31.25 • 8 • 3 31.25 • 32
Ma      234.375 kN-m
2 2 2 2
Ma = Mc = 234.375 kN-m @ 3000 mm and 5000 mm
Mmax = Mb = 250 kN-m @ 4000 mm
4 • 250
2   1.032
250  4 • 234.3752  7 • 2502  4 • 234.3752
2

ω2 = 1.032

CSA S16-09 Example 001 - 7

 Software Verification
PROGRAM NAME: SAP2000
REVISION NO.: 17

  E 
2

M u  2 EI 22GJ    I 22Cw
Ly  L 

 2 •10  • 12 •10  • 76923 • 328 •10 

5 6 3

1.032 • 
Mu     2 • 10  
2
5
4000   12 • 10  469.8 • 10 
6 9

 4000 
 
M u  362.06 •106 N-mm = 362.06 kN-m

0.67 M p  0.67 • 309.75  279  M u  362.06kN-m, so

 M p 33 
M r 33  1.15M p 33 1  0.28   M p 33
 Mu 

 416.5 
M r 33  1.15 • 0.9 • 416.5 1  0.28
 362.06 

M r 33  292.23kN-m

CSA S16-09 Example 001 - 8