Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
Page|1 of 21
the IRR. Further, this provision shall not an official gazette, these rules have the
result to deprivation of the employment of force and effect of law.
incumbents to the position. C. Administers, implements and enforces the
C. Practice in education or academe – regulatory policies of the National
constitutes in a person in an educational Government with respect to the regulation
institution which involve teaching of and licensing of the various professions
accounting, auditing, management under its jurisdiction including the
advisory services, finance, business law, maintenance of professional standards and
taxation and other technically related ethics and the enforcement of the rules
subject. and regulations relative thereto.
Members of the Integrated Bar of the The Commission has the overall jurisdiction over
Philippines may be allowed to teach the regulatory boards in the Philippines among
business law and taxation subjects. which is the Board of Accountancy. It derives its
Moreover, the position of either the dean authority from RA 8981 or the PRC
or the department chairman or its Modernization Act of 2000.
equivalent that supervises the Bachelors of
PROFESSIONAL REGULATORY BOARD OF
Science in Accountancy program of an
ACCOUNTANCY
educational institution is deemed to be in
practice of accountancy in the academe or The Professional Regulatory Board of
education and therefore must be occupied Accountancy (PRC-BOA) is the official government
only by a duly registered CPA. agency empowered to enforce RA 9298. The body
D. Practice in government – constitutes in is under the administrative supervision of the
a person who holds, or is appointed to, a Professional Regulation Commission.
position in an accounting professional Composition of the Board
group in government or in an government- The Board shall be composed of a Chairman and
owned or controlled corporation, including 6 members to be appointed by the President of
those performing proprietary functions, the Philippines. The 4 sectors in the practice of
where decision making requires accountancy shall as much as possible be
professional knowledge in the science of equitably represented in the Board.
accounting or where a civil service
eligibility as a certified public accountant is The Board shall elect a Vice-chairman from among
a prerequisite. its members for a term of 1 year. The Chairman
shall preside in all meetings of the Board and in
A person who passes the CPA board the event of a vacancy in the office of the
licensure examination need not take the Chairman, the Vice-chairman shall assume such
Civil Service examination given by the Civil duties and responsibilities until such time as a
Service Commission pursuant to CSC chairman is appointed.
Office Memorandum 4, Series of 2006.
Nomination and Appointment Process
CPAs are not prohibited to practice in more than
one sector or engage in two or more types of A. The Accredited National Professional
services at the same time, provided that there is Organization (APO) of CPAs, currently the
no impairment in the integrity, objectivity or PICPA, shall submit its nominations, 5
independence of the CPA. nominees for each position, with
complete documentation to the
ORGANIZATIONS AFFECTING THE Commission not later than 60 days prior
ACCOUNTING PROFESSION Several to the expiry of the term of an incumbent
organizations affect the practice of accounting. chairman or member.
These organizations include government agencies There should be adequate documentation
such as the PRC, PRC-BOA, COA, SEC, BSP, BIR and to show the qualification and primary field
IC, standard-setting bodies such as the FRSC and of professional activity of the nominee to
the AASC, professional organizations such as PICPA enable the Commission to determine the
and various international organizations such as the competence of the nominee and the sector
IOSCO, IASB, IAASB and the IFAC. where he/she belongs. If the APO fails to
GOVERNMENT AGENCIES submit its own nominee(s) to the
Commission with the required
PROFESSIONAL REGULATION COMMISSION documentations within the period provided
herein, the Commission in consultation
Established on June 22, 1973, the Professional
with the Board shall submit to the
Regulation Commission (PRC) is a three-man
President a list of 3 nominees for each
commission attached to the Office of the President
vacant position.
that:
A. Investigates cases against erring B. The Commission in consultation with the
examinees and professionals. Its decisions Board shall select 3 nominees from those
have the force and effect of the decisions recommended by the APO, rank them and
of a court of law with the same level of submit such list to the President for
authority as a Regional Trial Court. consideration.
B. Formulates rules and policies on C. The President of the Philippines shall
professional regulation. When published in appoint the members of the Board from
Page|2 of 21
the list of recommendees submitted by the F. To prescribe and adopt a Code of Ethics for
Commission. the practice of accountancy.
Qualification of the Members of the Board G. To monitor the conditions affecting the
practice of accountancy and adopt such
A member of the Board shall, at the time of his
measures, including promulgation of
appointment, possess the following qualifications:
accounting and auditing standards, rules
A. Must be a natural born citizen and a
and regulations and best practices as may
resident of the Philippines.
be deemed proper for the enhancement
B. Must be a duly registered CPA with at least
and maintenance of high professional,
10 years of work experience in any scope
ethical, accounting and auditing standards.
of practice of accountancy. He shall be
nominated to represent a sector from In this regard, domestic accounting and
which he has considerable and meaningful auditing standards, rules and regulations
professional experience. shall include the international accounting
C. Must be of good moral character and must and auditing standards and generally
not have been convicted of crimes accepted best practices.
involving moral turpitude. H. To conduct an oversight into the quality of
D. Must not have any pecuniary interest, audits of financial statements through a
directly or indirectly, in any school, review of the quality control measures
college, university or institution conferring instituted by auditors in order to ensure
an academic degree necessary for compliance with the accounting and
admission to the practice of accountancy auditing standards and practices.
or where review classes in preparation for I. To investigate violations of RA 9298 and
the licensure examination are being the rules and regulations promulgated
offered or conducted, nor shall he be a hereunder and for this purpose, to issue
member of the faculty or administration summons, subpoena and subpoena ad
thereof at the time of his appointment to testificandum and subpoena duces tecum
the Board. to violators or witness thereof and compel
E. Must not be a Director or Officer of the their attendance to such investigation or
APO at the time of his appointment. hearings and the production of documents
If the Chairman or any member of the Board is still in connection therewith.
in active practice of public accountancy or In this regard, the Board upon approval of
connected with any office in commerce and the Commission may, subject to such rules
industry or in the government, he must go on and regulations that may be promulgated
leave during the pendency of any case involving to implement this section, delegate the
himself, his firm, partnership, company or fact-finding aspect of such investigations
government office or inhibit himself completely in to the APO of CPAs and the Board and the
all the stages of the proceedings thereof. Commission may adopt their findings of
fact as it may deem fit.
Term of Office of the Members of the Board
J. The Board may, motu propio in its
The Chairman and members of the Board shall discretion, make such investigations as it
hold office for a term of 3 years. Any vacancy deems necessary to determine whether
occurring within the term of a member shall be any person has violated any provisions of
filled up for the unexpired portion of the term only. RA 9298 any accounting or auditing
No person who has served 2 successive complete standard or rules duly promulgated by the
terms as Chairman or member shall be eligible for Board as part of the rules governing the
reappointment as Chairman or member until the practice of accountancy.
lapse of 1 year. Appointment to fill up an K. To issue a cease or desist order to any
unexpired term is not to be considered as a person, association, partnership or
complete term. However, no person shall serve in corporation engaged in violation of any
the Board for more than 12 years. provision of RA 9298, any accounting or
Powers and Functions of the Board auditing standards or rules duly
The Board shall act as a collegial body and shall promulgated by the Board as part of the
exercise the following specific powers, functions rules governing the practice of
and responsibilities: accountancy in the Philippines.
A. To prescribe and adopt the rules and L. To prepare, adopt, issue or amend the
regulations necessary for carrying out the syllabi of the subjects for examinations in
provisions of RA 9298. consultation with the academe, determine
B. To supervise the registration, licensure and and prepare questions for the licensure
practice of accountancy in the Philippines. examination which shall strictly be within
the scope of the syllabi of the subjects for
C. To administer oaths in connection with the
examinations as well as administer, correct
administration of RA 9298.
and release the results of the licensure
D. To issue, suspend, revoke, or reinstate the
examinations.
Certificate of Registration for the practice
In this regard the Board may, upon prior
of the accountancy profession.
approval by the Commission, engage the
E. To adopt an official seal of the Board.
services of expert test writers, who shall
propose test questions for the CPA D. Manipulation or rigging of the CPA’s
licensure examinations. Note that the licensure examination results, disclosure of
Board does not delegate its power and secret and confidential information in the
function to determine and prepare test examination questions prior to the conduct
questions for the CPA licensure of the said examination or tampering of
examinations. Moreover, the Board and grades.
the Commission shall institute adequate The Commission in the conduct of the
controls over the processing and investigation shall be guided by the provisions of
safekeeping of such test questions to Republic Act 8981, its implementing rules and
ensure the full integrity of the CPA regulations and their respective amendments.
licensure examinations.
M. To punish for contempt of the Board, both EDUCATION TECHNICAL COUNCIL
direct and indirect, in accordance with the The Commission upon the recommendation of the
pertinent provisions of and penalties Board shall, within 60 days from the effectivity of
prescribed by the Rules of Court. the IRR to RA 9298, create an Education
N. To ensure, in coordination with the Technical Council (ETC) to assist the Board in
Commission on Higher Education (CHED) carrying out its powers and functions provided in
or other authorized government offices, RA 9298 and to further assist the Board in the
that all higher educational instruction and attainment of the objective of continuously
offering of accountancy, including upgrading the accountancy education in the
accounting review centers and CPD Philippines to make the Filipino CPAs globally
providers offering accounting seminars, competitive.
comply with the policies, standards and Composition of the Council and Term of
requirements of the course prescribed by Office of Members
CHED or other authorized government
offices or CPD Council as the case may be The ETC shall be composed of 7 members with a
in the areas of curriculum, faculty, library Chairman, who had been or presently a senior
and facilities. accounting practitioner in the academe or
education and 6 representatives from the
In this regard, the Board and the
following:
Commission may enter into a MOA with
the CHED for the orderly implementation Board of Accountancy 1
of this provision. APO of CPAs (Philippine Institute of CPAs)
O. To exercise such other powers as may be Academe 2
provided by law as well as those which Commerce and Industry 1
may be implied from, or which are Government 1
necessary or incidental to the carrying out Public Practice 1
of, the express powers granted to the The APO shall equitably distribute the
Board to achieve the objectives and representation of the academe or education sector
purposes of RA No. 9298. among the private and public schools offering the
The policies, resolution, rules and regulations, degree of Bachelors of Science in Accountancy.
issued or promulgated by the Board shall be The Chairman and members of the ETC shall be
subject to review and approval of the Commission. appointed by the Commission upon the
However, the Board’s decisions, resolutions or recommendation of the Board in coordination with
orders rendered in administrative cases shall be the APO. The ETC shall make an annual review of
subject to review only if on appeal. the composition of the council and may
In carrying out its functions, several councils have recommend to the Board and the Commission a
been created to assist the Board namely, the more suitable representation thereto as it may
Education Technical Council (ETC), Quality Review deem fit. The Chairman and the members of the
Committee (QRC) and the PRC Continuing ETC shall have a term of 3 years renewable for
Professional Development (CPD) Council. another term.
Grounds for Suspension or Removal of Powers and Functions of the Council
Members The ETC shall have the following functions:
The President of the Philippines, upon the A. Determine a minimum standard curriculum
recommendation of the Commission, after giving for the study of accountancy to be
the concerned member an opportunity to defend implemented in all schools offering
himself in a proper administrative investigation to accountancy as an undergraduate degree.
be conducted by the Commission, may suspend or B. Establish teaching standards, including the
remove any member on the following grounds: qualifications of members of the faculty of
A. Neglect of duty or incompetence. schools and colleges of accountancy.
B. Violation or tolerance of any violation of RA C. Monitor the progress of the program on the
9298 and its implementing rules and study of accountancy and undertaking
regulations or the CPA’s Code of Ethics and measures for the attainment of a high
the technical and professional standards of quality of accountancy education in the
practice for CPAs. country.
C. Final judgment of crimes involving moral
turpitude.
Page|4 of 21
D. Evaluate periodically the performance of the standards of quality prescribed for the
educational institutions offering practice of public accountancy. In the
accountancy education. event that the QRC cannot accomplish the
The ETC shall render a report of its findings and aforesaid functions for any reason
recommendations on the foregoing activities to the whatsoever, the Board or its duly
Board. The Board shall review such report and if authorized representatives may conduct
found to be meritorious, it shall forward the same the required quality review.
to the Commission which shall make proper QUALITY ASSURANCE REVIEW
representation with the CHED for its appropriate DEPARTMENT
consideration.
In the exercise of its power to conduct an oversight
QUALITY REVIEW COMMITTEE into the quality of audits, the PRC-BOA, through
The Board, upon approval of the Commission, BOA Resolution 23, Series of 2007, organized the
created a Quality Review Committee (QRC) to Quality Assurance Review Department
conduct an oversight into the quality of audit of (QARD) of the APO to conduct an independent
financial statements through a review of the study, appraisal or review of the quality of audit of
quality control measures instituted by individual financial statements through a review of through a
CPAs, firms or partnerships. These reviews are review of the quality control measures instituted
done in order to ensure compliance with by member-CPA practitioners engaged in the
accounting and auditing standards and practices. practice of public accountancy to ascertain
compliance with prescribed professional, ethical
All accredited accounting firms conducting audits
and technical standards of public practice.
in accordance with the PSAs will undergo the
quality control review of the QRC at least once Executive Committee of the Department
every 3 years. The review of the committee is The BOA shall create an Executive Committee
also a requirement for initial accreditation and which shall have full power and authority to set
renewal of accreditation. policies and to supervise the operation of QARD.
Composition of the Committee and Term of The Committee shall be composed of 2 members
Office from the Board and 1 from the APO, as appointed
by their respective governing bodies. The
The QRC shall be composed of 7 members with a
appointee shall possess high degree of
chairman, who had been or presently a senior
competence and objectivity.
practitioner in public accountancy and 6
representatives from the following: The following are the duties and responsibilities of
the Executive Committee:
Board of Accountancy 1
A. To set policies that will ensure effective
APO of CPAs (Philippine Institute of CPAs)
implementation of the quality assurance
Academe 1
review program.
Commerce and Industry 1
B. To monitor the quality of audits through its
Government 1
QARD.
Public Practice 2
C. To maintain independence of the QARD.
The Chairman and members of the QRC shall be D. To hire the Chief Inspector and Chief of
appointed by the Commission upon the Administration of QARD including other
recommendation of the Board in coordination with personnel thereof.
the APO. The QRC shall make an annual review of E. To recommend to the Board the Quality
the composition of the council and may Assurance Review (QAR) plan for the year,
recommend to the Board and the Commission a which may be approved by the Board
more suitable representation thereto as it may without referral to the Commission.
deem fit. The Chairman and the members of the F. To implement the approved QAR plan for
QRC shall have a term of 3 years renewable for the year through the QARD.
another term. G. To obtain independent technical advice on
Powers and Functions of the Committee the subject of quality assurance when
needed and appropriate.
The QRC shall have the following powers and
H. To receive and evaluate the reports and
functions:
recommendations of the Chief Inspector,
A. Conduct quality review on applicants for and to resolve whether or not to issue a
registration to practice public accountancy Certificate of Quality Assurance
and render a report which shall be Compliance to the member-CPA
attached to the application for registration. practitioner.
B. Recommend to the Board the revocation of I. Submit regularly to the Board a list of
the Certificate of Registration and the erring member-CPA practitioners including
professional identification card of an the findings and actions taken by the
individual CPA, including any of his staff QARD. The Committee shall likewise
members, firms, including the sole regularly submit to the Board policies that
proprietors and any of his staff members it adopted and implementing issues that it
and partnerships of CPAs including the settled for the oversight review of the
partners and staff members thereof who Board. It shall also report to the Board any
has not observed the quality control
measures and who has not complied with
form of interference by the APO on its termination from service of
policy making or on QARD’s operation. subordinate QARD personnel as well
J. To issue through the Board, annual reports as appropriate disciplinary action to
for the benefit of the general public. be taken.
The Chairman of the Committee shall be from the Provides for technical training of
Board’s appointees. The Chairman and the inspection personnel.
Members shall have a term of 3 years unless Performs such duties and functions
replaced earlier by the Board or APO. as the Executive Committee may
Personnel of the Department assign.
The QARD’s personnel shall be composed of a B. Chief of Administration – to be eligible
Head (the Chief Inspector), the Chief of for appointment as Chief of Administration,
Administration, Assistants to the Chiefs, Staff a person must have the following
Auditors and such other employees that may be qualifications:
necessary to carry out effectively the functions of Must have appropriate educational
the QARD. They shall be appointed by the qualification.
Executive Committee and shall be engaged under Must have at least 5 years work
a contract of service. experience in human resource
A. Chief Inspector – to be eligible for management at supervisory
appointment as Chief Inspector of the capacity.
QARD, a person must have the following Must be independent from the
qualifications: practitioners or firms that will be
Must have reached the level of covered by the QAR Program.
senior manager or partner of an Must be of good moral character
accounting firm that has among its and has a current license as a CPA.
clients publicly listed companies. Must not have been found guilty of
Must be independent from the violating any professional, ethical
practitioners or firms that will be and regulatory auditing standards.
covered by the QAR Program. Must have good oral and written
Must have at least 10 year communication skills, being
experience in audit. especially adept at report writing.
Must be of good moral character The Chief of Administration is responsible
and has a current license as a CPA. for the non-technical aspect of the QAR
Must not have been found guilty of program. The main duties of the Chief of
violating any professional, ethical Administration include:
and regulatory auditing standards. Serves as the administrative officer
Must have good oral and written of the QARD.
communication skills, being Supervises the registration of CPA
especially adept at report writing. Practitioners in their respective
The duties and responsibilities of the Chief categories.
Inspector of the QARD follow: Supervises the collection of
Exercises administrative supervision registration fees.
and control over the QARD and over Supervises the preparation of the
its personnel as its head. regular financial reports of the
Assists the Executive Committee in QARD.
determining quality assurance Supervises the administrative
policies. aspect of training of QARD
Prepares the QAR review plan for personnel.
each year for submission to the Supervises communications to all
Executive Committee for practitioners.
consideration. Performs such functions as may
Selects the CPA practitioners to be from time to time be assigned by
reviewed for the year, in the Chief Inspector.
accordance with the annual plan. C. Staff auditors – the APO, through its
Approves the specific inspection Executive Committee, shall enter into
plan for each practitioner selected contracts of service with auditors who shall
for review, which must set forth the be responsible for the field work of a QAR
nature, extent and timing of such assignment. They shall be appointed by
work. the Executive Committee upon the
Reviews and approves the recommendation of the Chief Inspector.
individual inspection reports. They shall have the following
Has the final authority to approve qualifications:
all inspection reports. Must have at least 5 year
Assists the Executive Committee to experience in the statutory or
prepare its annual report. regulatory audit of companies, or
Recommends to the Executive teaching financial accounting and
Committee the appointment and practical auditing in a CHED-
Page|6 of 21
recognized educational institution,
or in the corporate financial 101 to Minima Every 3
B (2) No
200 l years
reporting or internal auditing
function. Minima Every 3
B (3) 51 to 100 No
Must be of good moral character l years
Minima Every 3
and has a current license as a CPA. B (4) 1 to 50 No
l years
Must not have been terminated
from employment as an auditor due The CPA practitioner’s registration category should
to incompetence or below average be stated in the certificate of accreditation. In
rating. connection with the registration of CPA
Must not have been found guilty of practitioners with the QAR program, the following
violating any professional, ethical rules must be observed:
and regulatory auditing standards. A. A CPA practitioner can only register in one
Must have good oral and written category (highest sub-category) division.
communication skills, being B. CPA practitioner registered under Category
especially adept at report writing. B cannot audit companies that use the full
IFRS or their Philippine equivalent, unless
Coverage of the QAR Program he upgrades his registration to Category A.
The QAR Program covers all CPAs in the public C. A CPA practitioner registered under any of
accounting sector, whether as an individual the sub-categories of Category A must
practitioner, a firm or a partnership. Enrollment in upgrade his registration if he exceeds the
the QAR Program is a pre-requisite for initial as number of clients under the specific sub-
well as renewal of accreditation as a CPA in public category under which he is registered.
practice by the Board of Accountancy. Enrolled CPA D. A CPA practitioner registered under any of
practitioners shall likewise maintain compliance the sub-categories of Category B must
and continuous registration with the QAR Program upgrade his registration if he exceeds the
otherwise, it shall be a ground for the imposition of number of audit reports under the specific
fines or the suspension or revocation of the sub-category under which he is registered.
accreditation of the Board. E. All application for initial as well as renewal
CPA practitioners should be registered in of annual registration must include
accordance with the following risk categories: information as to the number of clients
classified as to public-interest entities
A. Category A – registration for CPA
using full IFRS and small and medium-
practitioners handling clients that use the
sized entities using IFRS for SMEs under
full IFRSs or their Philippine equivalents.
oath to determine the public practitioner’s
These would cover CPA practitioners
appropriate category. The application
auditing public-interest entities (listed and
should be signed by the individual CPA, or
not-listed but with public accountability).
the managing director or head of the firm
Category A is divided into 6 sub-
of partnership provided that the signatory
categories.
shall be liable administratively or
Number criminally for any misrepresentations
List Frequency
Cat. of Risk made under oath.
ed of QAR
Clients
PRC CONTINUING PROFESSIONAL
50 or DEVELOPMENT COUNCIL
A (1) Yes High Every year
more
Continuing professional development (CPD)
A (2) 26 to 49 Yes High Every year refers to the inculcation, assimilation and
A (3) 1 to 25 Yes High Every year
acquisition of knowledge, skills, proficiency and
ethical and moral values, after the initial
50 or Every 2 registration of a professional that raise and
A (4) No Less
more years enhance the professional’s technical skills and
Every 2 competence. The CPD program has these
A (5) 26 to 49 No Less
years objectives:
Every 2 A. To provide and ensure the continuous
A (6) 1 to 25 No Less
years education of a registered professional with
B. Category B – registration for CPA the latest trends in the profession brought
practitioners handling clients that use the about by modernization and scientific and
IFRS or their Philippine equivalents for technological advancements.
Small and Medium-sized enterprises. B. To raise and maintain the professional’s
Category B is divided into 4 sub- capability for delivering professional
categories. services.
C. To attain and maintain the highest
Number standards and quality in the practice of his
List Frequency profession.
Cat. of Risk
ed of QAR
Clients D. To make the professional globally
B (1) No Minima Every 3 competitive; and
More than
200 l years
E. To promote the general welfare of the The PRC CPD Council shall, upon a majority vote,
public. exercise powers and functions which shall include
The CPD program consists of properly planned and but shall not be limited to the following:
structured activities, the implementation of which A. Accept, evaluate and approve applications
requires the participation of a determinant group for accreditation of CPD providers.
of professionals to meet the requirements of B. Accept, evaluate and approve applications
voluntarily maintaining and improving the for accreditation of CPD programs,
professional standards and ethics of the activities or sources as to their relevance
profession. Voluntary compliance with the CPD to the profession and determine the
program is an effective and credible means of number of CPD credit units to be earned
ensuring competence, integrity and global on the basis of the contents of the
competitiveness of professionals in order to allow program, activity or source submitted by
them to continue the practice of their profession. the CPD providers.
CPD was previously known as CPE or continuing C. Accept, evaluate and approve applications
professional education. for exemptions from CPD requirements.
D. Monitor the implementation by the CPD
Composition of the Council
providers of their programs, activities or
The Board, upon approval by the PRC, shall create sources.
a PRC CPD Council within 30 days from the E. Assess periodically and upgrade criteria for
effectivity of IRR to RA 9298, which shall assist the accreditation of CPD providers and CPD
Board in implementing its CPD program. The PRC programs, activities or sources.
CPD Council shall be composed of a Chairperson F. Perform such other related functions that
and two members. may be incidental to implementation of the
The Chairperson of CPD Council shall be chosen CPD programs or policies.
from among the members of the Board by the The PRC CPD Council shall hold regular meetings
members themselves. The first member shall be once a month on dates to be fixed by said Council.
the president or, in his absence or incapacity, any Special meetings may be called by a Chairperson
officer chosen by the Board of Directors of PICPA. or upon written request of at least a member of
The second member shall be the president or, in the PRC CPD Council.
his absence or incapacity, any officer of the The PRC CPD Council, if the need arises, may
organization of deans or department heads of delegate to the PICPA the processing of the
schools, colleges or universities offering the application, keeping of all records for CPD
degree requiring licensure examination. providers and their respective programs and credit
In the absence of such organization, the second units earned by each CPA who avail of the CPD
member shall be chosen and appointed by the PRC programs and related functions. For this purpose,
Chairperson from at least three recommendees of the PICPA may create a counterpart CPD Council to
the Board concerned. Said recommendees shall be be known as PICPA CPD Council and may ask for
well-known academicians. reimbursement of reasonable processing fees
The Chairperson of the PRC shall designate or directly from the applicants apart from the
appoint an official with a rank not lower than accreditation fee that the such applicants pay
Division Chief who shall act as the Secretary of the directly to the Commission.
PRC CPD Council. The designated official may The PICPA CPD Council shall keep separate books
participate in the deliberations of the PRC CPD of accounts of its expenses and amounts collected
Council but shall not vote. The Secretary shall from the applicants and make a monthly report
exercise general supervision and control over the thereof to the Commission through the Board. Any
PRC CPD Council Staff, who shall be selected by excess collection shall be used exclusively as
the Chairperson of the PRC from among the working capital of the PICPA for the CPD activities.
existing personnel of the PRC. Functions of the PRC CPD Council
Term of Office of the Members of the Council Chairperson
The term of office of the Chairperson of the PRC The PRC CPD Council Chairperson shall have the
CPD Council shall be co-terminus with his following functions:
incumbency in the PRC. The first member shall A. To preside over the meetings of the PRC
have a term of office co-terminus with his CPD Council.
incumbency as officer of the PICPA while the B. To direct or supervise the activities of the
second member shall have a term of office co- PRC CPD Council.
terminus with his incumbency as officer of the C. To submit minutes of regular and special
organization of deans or heads of departments. meetings within 30 days from date of said
The chairperson, first member and second meetings.
member shall continue to function as such in the D. To submit annual reports.
PRC CPD Council until the appointment or election E. To issue certificate of registration to CPD
of their respective successors in the Board, PICPA providers found by the Council to be
or organization. qualified as well as certificate of
accreditation of programs, activities and
Powers and Functions of the Council sources.
CPD Requirements for CPAs
Page|8 of 21
As per BOA Resolution 59, Series of 2012, the total
CPD credit units required for BOA accreditation,
which shall be valid for three years, of registered Book or Monograph 25 51-
accounting professionals shall be 60 credit units >100
-50 100
for 3 years. Such required CPD units may be Single author pp
pp pp
earned by the CPA in any of the three years 40 CU
Two authors 20 CU 30 CU
preceding the year of application for accreditation Three or more 10 CU 20 CU 30 CU
and shall be distributed among 5 thematic areas 5 CU 10 CU 20 CU
as follows:
Enabling laws, rules and regulations 6 ½ of the CU of authorship
Editor
Standards applicable to professional practice 24 category
Ethical, governance and quality practice 10
Environment of the practice 10 Article
1-3 4-6 >6
Development of the person as a professional 10 pp pp pp
Single author
One credit hour of CPD program, activity or source 4 CU 6 CU 8 CU
Two authors
shall be equivalent to one credit unit. 3 CU 4 CU 6 CU
Three or more 2 CU 3 CU 4 CU
Matrix for CPD Programs, Activities or
Sources
Professional journal
5 CU per issue
PROGRAMS CREDIT UNITS editor
The Bureau of Internal Revenue (BIR) is the The Financial Reporting Standards Council
government agency that aims to raise revenues (FRSC) is the accounting standard setting body
for the government though the effective and created by the PRC, upon the recommendation of
efficient collection of taxes. The Bureau is under the BOA, in 2006 to assist the Board in carrying
the supervision and control of the Department of out its powers and functions. The Council’s main
Finance and generates the bulk of the country’s role is to establish and improve accounting
total government revenues. standards that will be generally accepted in the
Philippines. It has full discretion in developing and
Composition of the Bureau pursuing the technical agenda for setting
The Bureau is principally tasked with the accounting standards in the Philippines. The FRSC
enforcement of RA 8424 or the National Internal is the successor of the Accounting Standards
Revenue Code of 1997. Such law lists the following Council (ASC) which was created in November
BIR officers: Commissioner of Internal Revenue, 4 1981 by the PICPA to establish GAAP in the
Deputy Commissioners of Internal Revenue, Philippines.
Revenue Regional Directors, Revenue District The FRSC is composed of 15 members with a
Officers, Revenue Examiners and Officers, Division Chairman, who had been or presently a senior
Chiefs of the Bureau and BIR collection agents. The accounting practitioner in any of the scope of
following are the constituted agents of the BIR accounting practice and fourteen representatives
Commissioner: from the following:
A. Commissioner of Customs and his
subordinates. Board of Accountancy 1
B. Head of appropriate government offices Securities and Exchange Commission 1
and his subordinates. Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas 1
C. Banks duly accredited by the BIR Bureau of Internal Revenue 1
Commissioner. Major organization of preparers and users of
financial statements (currently the Financial
The Commissioner of Internal Revenue is the Executives Institute of the Philippines) 1
chief official of the Bureau and is vested the power Commission on Audit 1
APO of CPAs (Philippine Institute of CPAs) adopts as Philippine Interpretations – IFRIC. PFRSs
Academe 2 and Philippine Interpretations approved for
Commerce and Industry 2 adoption are submitted to the BOA and PRC for
Government 2 approval.
Public Practice 2
INTERNATIONAL ACCOUNTING STANDARDS
The Chairman and members of the FRSC have a
BOARD
term of 3 years renewable for another term.
Philippine Interpretations Committee The International Accounting Standards
Board (IASB), founded on April 2001 is the
In August 2006, the FRSC formed the Philippine foreign counterpart of the FRSC. The IASB is the
Interpretations Committee (PIC) to assist the independent accounting standard-setting body of
Council in establishing and improving financial the IFRS Foundation based in London, UK. The
reporting standards in the Philippines. The role of Board’s main objective is to raise the quality and
the PIC is to prepare interpretations of standards consistency of financial reporting standards and to
issued by the Council for approval by the Council have a platform of high quality and improved
and in the context of the Framework to provide standards. The 15 members of the Board are
timely guidance on financial reporting issues not responsible for developing and publishing
specifically addressed by current standards. International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs)
In other words, interpretations are intended to give and promoting the use and application of these
authoritative guidance on issues that are likely to standards.
receive divergent or unacceptable treatment The IASB assumed the accounting standard setting
because the standards do not provide specific and responsibilities of the International Accounting
clearcut rules and guidelines. Standards Committee (IASC), which was
The PIC replaced the Interpretations formed in 1973 through an agreement made by
Committee (IC) created by the ASC in May 2000. professional accountancy bodies from 10
The PIC members are appointed by the FRSC and countries.
include accountants in public practice, the IFRS Interpretations Committee
academe and regulatory bodies and users of
financial statements. The IFRS Interpretations Committee, formerly
called as the International Financial Reporting
Pronouncements of the FRSC Interpretations Committee (IFRIC), is the official
The FRSC issues its standards in a series of interpretative body of the IASB. Consisting of 14
pronouncements called the Philippine Financial members, the Committee is mandated to review
Reporting Standards (PFRSs) which consist of on a timely basis widespread accounting issues
the following: that have arisen within the context of current
A. Philippine Financial Reporting Standards IFRSs and to provide authoritative guidance on
(PFRSs). those issues. To be operative, the interpretations
B. Philippine Accounting Standards (PASs). of the Committee are to be approved first by the
C. Philippine Interpretations which consist of IASB. The IFRS Interpretations Committee is the
Philippine Interpretations – IFRIC, successor of the Standing Interpretations
Philippine Interpretations – SIC and the Committee (SIC) of the IASC.
Philippine Interpretations Committee Q Standards Advisory Council
and As.
The Standards Advisory Council (SAC) is a
Of these, the PASs and Philippine Interpretation – group of organizations with an interest in
SIC are previously issued standards and international financial reporting. It is a body set up
interpretation of the ASC that have been adopted to participate in the standards setting process.
by the FRSC and the PIC, respectively. Prior to the Members are appointed by the IFRS Foundation
issuance of PASs, Philippine accounting standards which also appoints members to the IASB. The
issued by the ASC were referred to as members are drawn from different geographical
Statements of Financial Accounting locations and have a wide variety of backgrounds.
Standards (SFASs).
The SAC’s role includes advising on priorities
Adoption of International Standards within the IASB’s work program and the IASB is
The FRSC carries on the decision made by the ASC required to consult with the SAC in advance of any
to converge Philippine accounting standards with board decisions on major projects that it wishes to
international accounting standards issued by the add to its agenda.
IASB. In the past years, most of the Philippine International Financial Reporting Standards
standards issued are based on American
accounting standards developed by the USA The IFRS Foundation, through the IASB and IFRS
Financial Accounting Standards Board Interpretations Committee, sets out the IFRSs and
(FASB). their interpretations which consist of the following:
A. International Financial Reporting Standards
The FRSC monitors the technical activities of the (IFRSs).
IASB and invites comments on exposure drafts of B. International Accounting Standards (IASs).
proposed IFRSs as these are issued by the IASB. C. International Financial Reporting Standards
When finalized, these are adopted as PFRSs. Interpretations (IFRICs).
Similarly, the FRSC monitors issuances of the IFRS D. Standing Interpretation Committee
Interpretations Committee of the IASB, which it interpretations (SICs).
Page|14 of 21
Of these, the IASs and SICs are previously issued to information and
standards and interpretation of the IASC that have other related
service
been adopted by the IASB and the IFRS engagements as
Interpretations Committee, respectively. specified by the
AASC
AUDITING AND ASSURANCE STANDARDS
COUNCIL
Philippine Framework for Assurance
The Auditing and Assurance Standards Engagements
Council (FRSC) is the auditing standard setting
The Philippine Framework for Assurance
body created by the PRC, upon the
Engagements:
recommendation of the BOA, in December 2005 to
assist the Board in carrying out its powers and A. Provides a frame of reference for
functions. The Council’s main objective is to practitioners and others involved with
promulgate auditing standards, practices and assurance engagements.
procedures which shall become generally accepted B. Describes the objectives and elements of
by the accounting profession in the Philippines. assurance engagements intended to
provide either a high or moderate level of
The AASC is composed of 15 regular members with assurance.
a term of 3 years, renewable for another term,
The Framework does not itself establish standards
coming from the following:
or provide procedural requirements for the
Senior practitioner in an auditing firm (Chairman) 1 performance of assurance engagements. It rather
Association of CPAs in Public Practice (ACPAPP) 1 defines and describes the elements and objectives
Board of Accountancy 1 of an assurance engagement and identifies
Securities and Exchange Commission 1 engagements to which PSAs, PSREs and PSAEs
Commission on Audit 1 apply.
Philippine Institute of CPAs (PICPA)
Academe 1 Philippine Standards and Practice
Commerce and Industry 1 Statements
Government 1 PSAs, PSREs, PSAEs and PSRSs are collectively
Public Practice 7 referred to as the AASC’s Engagement
The AASC replaced the Auditing Standards and Standards. Philippine Standards on Quality
Practices Council (ASPC) established by the Control (PSQCs) are to be applied for all services
PICPA and Association of CPAs in Public Practice. falling under the AASC’s Engagement Standards.
Philippine Standards are applicable to
Pronouncements of the AASC engagements in the public sector. In addition, the
The AASC issues its standards through the AASC issues Philippine Practice Statements to
following pronouncements: serve the following purpose:
A. Provide interpretative guidance and
Related practical assistance to professional
Standards Application Practice accountants in implementing Philippine
Statements Standards.
AASC
B. Promote good practice.
Philippine Professional accountant should be aware of and
Engagements
Standards on
Quality Control
Standards (PSAs, Not applicable consider Practice Statements applicable to the
PSREs, PSAEs, engagement. A professional accountant who does
(PSQCs)
PSRSs) not consider and apply the guidance included in a
Philippine relevant Practice Statement should be prepared to
Philippine Audits of historical
Standards financial
Auditing Practice explain how the basic principles and essential
Statements procedures in the AASC’s Engagement Standards
on Auditing (PSAs) information
(PAPSs) addressed by the Practice Statement have been
Philippine Philippine Review complied with.
Standards Review of Engagement
on Review historical financial Practice
Adoption of International Standards
Engagements information Statements To facilitate preparation by the AASC of its
(PSREs) (PREPSs) pronouncements and to attain uniformity of those
pronouncements with international auditing
Assurance
Philippine standards, the AASC has approved the adoption of
Philippine engagements
Standards on dealing with
Assurance the pronouncements issued by the IAASB.
Engagement
Assurance subject matters
Engagements other than
Practice INTERNATIONAL AUDITING AND
Statements ASSURANCE STANDARDS BOARD
(PSAEs) historical financial
(PAEPSs)
information The International Auditing and Assurance
Philippine Philippine Related Standards Board (IAASB) functions as an
Compilation
Standards on Services Practice independent standard setting body under the
engagements,
Related Services Statements auspices of the IFAC. The Board works to establish
engagements to
(PSRSs) (PRSPSs) high quality auditing, assurance, quality control
apply agreed-
upon procedures and related services and to improve the uniformity
of practice by professional accountants throughout Accountants to be followed by professional
the world, thereby strengthening public confidence accountants throughout the world.
in the global auditing profession and serving the The IFAC is supervised by the Public Interest
public interest. Oversight Board (PIOB) which seeks to improve
The IAASB was founded in March 1978 and was the quality and public interest focus of the IFAC
known until 2002 as the International Auditing standards in the areas of audit, education and
Practices Committee (IAPC). Pronouncements ethics.
of the IAASB consist of:
PROFESSIONAL ORGANIZATIONS
A. International Standards on Auditing (ISAs).
B. International Standards on Assurance PHILIPPINE INSTITUTE OF CERTIFIED
Engagements (ISAEs). PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS
C. International Standards on Review
Engagements (ISREs). Per RA 9298, all registered CPAs whose names
appear in the roster of CPAs shall be united and
D. International Standards on Related integrated through their membership in a one and
Services (ISRSs). only registered and APO of registered and licensed
E. Practice Statements. certified public accountants. Founded in November
International Federation of Accountants 1929 by a group of illustrious pioneers in the
The International Federation of Accountants accounting profession, the Philippine Institute
(IFAC) is the global organization for the of Certified Public Accountants (PICPA) is the
accountancy profession. Founded in 1977, IFAC APO of the PRC. PICPA is a globally recognized and
has, as of November 2012, 173 members and integrated national organization of Filipino CPAs in
associates in 129 countries and jurisdictions, all sectors. Its mission is to enhance the integrity
representing more than 2,500,000 accountants of the accountancy profession, serve the best
employed in public practice, commerce and interest of its members and other stakeholders
industry, government and the academe. No other and contribute to the attainment of the country’s
accountancy body in the world and few other objectives.
professional organizations have the broad-based Specifically, PICPA was established with the
international support that characterizes IFAC. following aims and objectives:
The IFAC was established to strengthen the A. To enable the accountancy profession to
worldwide accountancy profession in the public discharge its public responsibilities more
interest by: effectively.
A. Developing high quality international B. To promote and maintain high professional
standards in auditing and assurance, standards in the accountancy profession.
public sector accounting, ethics and C. To develop among its members high ideals
education for professional accountants and of competence, ethical conduct, integrity
supporting their adoption and use. and civic consciousness.
B. Facilitating collaboration and cooperation D. To foster cordial, harmonious and fruitful
among its member bodies. relations among its members.
C. Collaborating and cooperating with other E. To elevate the standards of accountancy
international organizations. education.
D. Serving as the international spokesperson F. To guard against the practice of the
for the accountancy profession. profession by unauthorized persons or
entities and in general.
In meeting its objective of setting high quality G. To protect and enhance the integrity of the
international standards in auditing and assurance, certificate of registration of CPAs.
public sector accounting, ethics and education for H. To develop a treaty of friendship among its
professional accountants, IFAC has organized the members.
following standard setting boards aside from the
IAASB: As the APO, PICPA is tasked to meet the following
A. International Public Sector requirements:
Accounting Standards Board (IPSASB) A. It is established for the benefit and welfare
– develops the International Public Sector of the CPAs, the advancement of their
Accounting Standards (IPSASs) which are profession and the attainment of other
based on the IFRSs issued by the IASB with professional ends.
suitable modifications relevant for public B. Its membership is open to all registered
sector accounting. CPAs without discrimination.
B. International Accounting Education C. Its membership shall include CPAs in all
Standards Board (IAESB) – develops a sectors.
uniform guideline educational syllabus to D. It shall have a creditable plan to enlist into
be adopted by all its members. The active membership within 3 years, at least
accounting bodies are required to consider a majority of the CPAs in the practice of
these educational standards while accountancy.
formulating their educational systems. E. It shall have adequate chapters/regions in
C. International Ethics Standards Board major areas in the Philippines to effectively
for Accountants (IESBA) – develops a attend to the needs of its members. Its
model Code of Ethics for Professional national directors shall be elected in
Page|16 of 21
accordance with the provision of the Mindanao and to the extent practicable, among
Corporation Code of the Philippines. the four sectors of the profession.
In this regard, national directors should be The PICPA recognizes the 4 sectors by which a CPA
representative of the sectors in the regions may be in practice. The PICPA endeavors to have
of the country. There should only be 1 equal sectoral representations in all its offices from
director coming from a firm/company and the National Office to its chapters and affiliates.
their affiliates. Further, a director can only Each regional unit elects 4 regional sectoral
represent a sector in a region if he has representatives who are tasked with the
been a member in good standing in such professional development of each particular sector
sector in the region for at least 2 years at through participation in an accredited CPD
the time of his nomination. Moreover, program. The geographical area office and regional
there shall only be fifteen (15) national councils are under uniform rules prescribed by the
directors, unless there is a valid reason to National Board of Directors.
have additional representation. The 15
Each geographical area consists of regions and
national directors shall be apportioned
each region consists of chapters, except Metro
according to sectors in the four geographic
Manila or the National Capital Region which is
areas based on the ratio of latest available
designated as geographical and regional as well.
number of members in good standing from
Each province or city may establish their
those areas.
respective chapter, except Metro Manila which is
F. It shall be judicious and prudent in the
as already designated under the By Laws. It is the
management of its financial resources and
joint responsibility of both the National and the
for this purpose its chapter/region/national
geographical and the regional officers to promote
office and their respective foundation shall
and assist in developing chapters.
keep proper books of accounts and submit
audited annual financial statements The four geographical areas and the regions
thereof. included under each geographical area are as
G. It shall have a full time career Executive follows:
Director who shall implement the policies A. National Capital Region or the Metro
promulgated by the PICPA Board of Manila Geographical Area – Northern
Directors and shall have direct supervision Metro Manila, Southern Metro Manila,
over the PICPA Secretariat. Eastern Metro Manila and Western Metro
H. It is duly registered as a non-stock Manila.
corporation or association by the B. Luzon Geographical Area – Northern
Securities and Exchange Commission Luzon, Central Luzon, Southern Tagalog
(SEC). and Bicol.
I. It has paid the prescribed accreditation C. Visayas Geographical Area – Eastern
fee. Visayas and Western Visayas.
The PICPA must renew its Certificate of D. Mindanao Geographical Area – Northern
Accreditation once every 3 years. Mindanao and Southern Mindanao.
Organizational Structure of the PICPA Each region, sector and chapter has their own
governing council. Through the regional and
The PICPA is a registered non-stock corporation
sectoral councils, both the sectors and the regions
with geographical divisions, regions and chapters
are represented in the National Board. Chapters,
all over the country. Geographical areas, regions
on the other hand, are represented in the Regional
and chapters do not have juridical personality
Councils through Chapter Presidents.
separate and distinct from each other or from the
National Office. The PICPA organization consists of The National Office, the sectors and the regions
the National Office (supported by a national are supported by committees which are formed to
secretariat), the geographical area, regions, the undertake specific activities. There is no specific
chapters and the general membership. limit as to the number of committees that can be
established.
The National Office is under the management of
The National Office sets the overall directions and
officers elected by the members of the Board
policies, and each sector identifies the specific
themselves, headed by the President, the
professional needs and plans the current and
Executive Vice President, the Vice President for
future directions accordingly. At their respective
Commerce and Industry, Education, Government
levels, the regions and the chapters take care of
and Public Practice, the Vice President for
implementing the Institute’s policies and projects
Operations, the Secretary, the Assistant Secretary,
as determined or planned by the sectors. The
the Treasurer and the Assistant Treasurer.
committees provide the necessary services and
The composition of the Board is 21 from the 9 support to undertake the planned activities or
regions and 4 from the sectors. Regional projects.
directors are elected regionally – 4 from Metro
Affiliate units located in other countries are
Manila and two each from each of the remaining
recognized after complying with the requirements
regions. Sectoral directors are voted nationally,
of the National Office and upon approval of the
one coming from each sector. The President is
National Board of Directors.
elected annually but rotated among the regional
directors from Metro Manila, Luzon, Visayas and Seminars and Publications of the PICPA
Seminars are regularly organized by PICPA on In general, the requirements to obtain a CPA
varied technical subjects such as auditing, certificate are to obtain a degree of Bachelor of
taxation, management services, accountancy Science in Accountancy (BSA) and to pass the CPA
education and similar topics conducted by Board Examination administered by the Board.
outstanding lecturers and speakers. Attendance to
CPD provides opportunity to make valuable DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN
contacts with fellow members for a mutually ACCOUNTANCY
beneficial exchange of ideas and experiences and The program leading to a BSA degree usually lasts
to earn CPD credits. for 4 to 5 years. All private higher education
The monthly Accounting Times and quarterly institutions intending to offer the BSA program
Accountants’ Journal are distributed or mailed must first secure proper authority from the CHED
by the PICPA to its members. The Accounting in accordance with the existing policies. State
Times carries a newspaper format and reports on universities and colleges and local colleges and
new developments in the profession as well as on universities should likewise strictly adhere to
activities and trends within the organization. The existing policies. CMO No. 3, Series of 2007,
Journal, on the other hand, contains higher level issued by CHED prescribes the minimum curricular
technical insights and formal papers written by requirements for the BSA program.
distinguished experts in their field. All graduates with a Bachelor’s Degree, major in
PICPA also regularly disseminates exposure drafts Accounting shall be allowed to take the CPA
and publishes bulletins and pronouncements Licensure Examination within 2 years from the
released by the Financial Reporting Standards effectivity of RA 9298 or until May 2006 under the
Council (FRSC) and the Auditing and Assurance rules and regulations to be promulgated by the
Standards Council (AASC). Board subject to the approval by the Commission.
PICPA in the International Scene LICENSURE EXAMINATIONS FOR CPAs
Through PICPA, the country is actively represented The licensure examination for CPAs is a 4 day
in the world’s major accounting bodies. Foremost examination covering the following subjects:
among these international organizations is the Theory of Accounts. Business Law and Taxation,
IFAC. Another organization is the Confederation of Management Services, Auditing Theory, Auditing
Asian and Pacific Accountants (CAPA), which seeks Problems, Practical Accounting Problems I and
the development of a coordinated regional Practical Accounting Problems II.
accounting profession with harmonized standards. The BOA, subject to the approval of the PRC, may
Finally, there is the ASEAN Federation of revise or exclude any of the subjects and their
Accountants (AFA), which strives to work together syllabi, and add new ones as the need arises.
in a spirit of cooperation with the ASEAN region’s However, such changes shall not be more often
varied groups, whose economic efforts may be than every 3 years.
complemented by the accountancy profession.
Any person applying for the licensure examination
PICPA had assumed the overall leadership of these
shall establish the following requisites to the
organizations in a number of times and has been
satisfaction of the BOA that:
taking active roles in the pursuit of their respective
A. He is a Filipino citizen.
goals.
B. He is of good moral character.
SECTORAL ORGANIZATIONS C. He is a holder of the degree of BSA
conferred by a school, college, university,
The other professional organizations that
academy or institute duly recognized and
complement PICPA’s objectives and provide
accredited by the CHED or other
specific professional development and other
authorized government offices.
requirements of CPAs in different sectors are:
D. He has not been convicted of any criminal
A. Association of CPAs in Public Practice
offense involving moral turpitude.
(ACPAPP).
B. Association of CPAs in Education (ACPAE). The following documents shall be submitted in
C. Association of CPAs in Commerce and support of the above requirements:
Industry (ACPACI). A. Certificate of Live Birth in National
D. Government Association of CPAs (GACPA). Statistics Office (NSO) Security Paper.
B. Marriage Contract in NSO Security Paper
REQUIREMENTS TO OBTAIN A CERTIFICATE OF for married female applicants.
REGISTRATION C. College diploma with indication therein of
No person shall practice accountancy in the date of graduation and Special Order
Philippines, or use the title “Certified Public Number unless it is not required.
Accountant” or the abbreviated title “CPA”, or D. Baccalaureate Transcript of Records with
display or use any title, sign, card, advertisement indication therein of date of graduation
or other device to indicate such person practices and Special Order Number unless it is not
or offers to practice accountancy, or is a certified required.
public accountant, unless such person shall have E. National Bureau of Investigation (NBI)
received from the Board a Certificate of Clearance.
Registration and be issued a professional F. Other documents that the Board may
identification card or a valid temporary or special require.
permit duly issued to him by the Board and the
Rating in the Licensure Examination
Commission.
Page|18 of 21
To be qualified as having passed the licensure A professional identification card bearing the
examination for accountants, a candidate must registration number, date of issuance, expiry date,
obtain a general average of 75%, with no grades duly signed by the chairperson of the PRC, shall
lower than 65% in any given subject. In the event likewise be issued to every registrant after having
a candidate obtains the rating of 75% and above in paid the prescribed fee for the annual registration
at least a majority of subjects, he shall receive a for 3 years. The reissuance or renewal of the said
conditional credit for the subjects passed provided card shall be subject to payment of the annual
that a candidate shall take an examination in the registration fees for another and every after 3
remaining subjects within 2 years from the years thereafter.
preceding examination. If the candidate fails to
A roster showing the names and place of business
obtain at least a general average of 75% and a
of all registered CPAs shall be prepared and
rating of at least 65% in each of the subjects
updated by the BOA and copies thereof shall be
reexamined, he shall be considered as failed in the
made available to any party as may be deemed
entire examination.
necessary. The BOA, upon approval of the PRC may
Any candidate who fails in 2 complete CPA Board delegate the preparation of this roster to the APO.
Examinations shall be disqualified from taking Moreover, the posting of the roster at the internet
another set of examinations unless he submits shall be deemed compliance with this requirement.
evidence to the satisfaction of the BOA that he
Refusal to Issue Certificates of Registration
enrolled in and completed at least 24 units of
and Professional Identification Card
subjects given in the licensure examination. Such
refresher course shall be offered only by an The BOA shall not register and issue a certificate of
educational institution granting a degree of BSA registration and professional identification card to
and the candidates shall have the option of taking any successful examinee who:
the aforesaid subjects in the regular course A. Was convicted by a court of competent
offering or in a special refresher course duly jurisdiction of a criminal offense involving
accredited by the BOA. moral turpitude.
B. Is guilty of immoral and dishonorable
For the purposes of this provision, the examination
conduct
in which the candidate was conditioned together
C. Has unsound mind.
with the removal examination on the subject in
D. Misrepresentation in the application for the
which he failed shall be counted as one complete
CPA examination.
examination.
In the event of refusal to issue certificate for any
The BOA shall submit to the PRC the ratings
reason, the Board shall give the applicant a written
obtained by each candidate within 10 calendar
statement setting forth the reasons for such
days after the examination unless extended for
action, which statement shall be incorporated in
just cause. Upon the release of the results of the
the record of the BOA. Such written statement
examination, the PRC shall send by mailing the
shall state the period for the deferment of the
rating received by each examinee at his given
registration if the offense or act committed does
address using the mailing envelope submitted
not call for indefinite period or perpetual
during the examination. Such report of rating may
deprivation of the chance to register.
also be distributed to the successful examinees
during their mass oath taking as new registered Registration shall not be refused and a name shall
CPAs. not be removed from the roster of CPAs on
conviction for a political offense or for an offense
OATH OF PROFESSION, CERTIFICATE OF which shall not, in the opinion of the BOA, either
REGISTRATION AND PROFESSIONAL from the nature of the offense or from the
IDENTIFICATION CARD circumstances of the case, disqualify a person
All successful candidates in the examination shall from practicing accountancy under RA No. 9298.
be required to take an oath of profession before
any member of the BOA or before any government
official authorized by the PRC or any person Suspension and Revocation of Certificates of
authorized by law to administer oaths. An oath Registration and Professional Identification
shall also be required for CPAs admitted in the Card
practice of accountancy without examination The BOA have the power, upon due notice and
under reciprocity or other international hearing, to suspend or revoke a practitioner’s
agreements. certificate of registration and professional
A certificate of registration shall be issued to identification card or suspend him from the
examinees who pass the licensure examination practice of his profession or cancel his special
subject to payment of fees prescribed by the PRC. permit for any of the causes or grounds mentioned
Such certificate shall bear the signature of the under RA 9298 or for any unprofessional or
Chairperson of the PRC and the Chairman and unethical conduct, malpractice, violation of any of
members of the BOA, stamped with the official the provisions of RA 9298 and its IRR , the CPA‘s
seal of the PRC and of the BOA, indicating that the Code of Ethics and the technical and professional
person named therein is entitled to the practice of standards of practice for CPAs.
the profession with all the privileges appurtenant The suspension or revocation of the certificate of
thereto. The said certificate shall remain in full registration and professional identification card of
force and effect until withdrawn, suspended or the offending CPA shall not prejudice his
revoked in accordance with RA 9298.
prosecution for criminal liabilities and meted the B. Present his passport for examination and
penalties provided in the Revised Penal Code. for photocopying of pertinent information
Reinstatement, Reissuance and Replacement about himself.
of Revoked or Lost Certificates C. Original or authenticated copy of transcript
of records or equivalent document of the
The BOA may, after the expiration of 2 years from course for licensure examination issued by
the date of revocation of a certificate of the institution of higher learning where he
registration and upon application and for reasons studied, duly authorized or accredited by
deemed proper and sufficient, and after being his country or state.
convinced of applicant’s remorse and D. Certificate of registration or its equivalent
rehabilitation, reinstate the validity of a revoked stating that the foreign applicant is duly
certificate of registration and in so doing, may, in registered or licensed CPA or its equivalent
its discretion, exempt the applicant from taking in his country or state.
another examination. A new certificate of E. Other documents which may be required
registration to replace lost, destroyed, or mutilated to be submitted by the BOA.
certificate may be issued, subject to the rules
If the foreign applicant desires to practice public
promulgated by the BOA and the PRC, upon
accountancy in the Philippines, he has to apply for
payment of the required fees.
accreditation to do so under the rules and
FOREIGN CERTIFIED PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS regulations promulgated by the existing rules and
Subjects or citizens of foreign countries may be regulations.
allowed to practice accountancy in the Philippines Coverage of Temporary or Special Permits
in accordance with the provisions of existing laws,
Special or temporary permits may be issued by the
international treaty obligations including mutual
Board subject to the approval of the Commission
recognition agreements entered into by the
and payment of the fees the latter has prescribed
Philippine government with other countries. A
and charged thereof to the following persons:
person who is not a citizen of the Philippines shall
not be allowed to practice accountancy in the A. A foreign CPA called for consultation or for
Philippines unless he can prove, in the manner a specific purpose which must meet the
provided by the rules of court that, by specific following pre-requisite:
provision of law, the country of which he is a Such consultation or special purpose,
citizen, subject or national admits citizens of the in the judgment of the BOA, is
Philippines to the practice of the same profession essential for the development of the
without restriction. country.
His practice shall be limited only for
A foreign CPA or its equivalent, who desires to
practice accountancy in the Philippines through the particular work that he is being
this reciprocity provision shall initiate the engaged.
establishment of reciprocity between his country There is no Filipino CPA qualified for
or state and the Philippines by presenting or such consultation or specific
submitting a letter or any document signed and purpose.
under official seal by the appropriate official of his B. A foreign CPA engaged as professor,
country or state requesting the Chairman of the lecturer or critic in fields essential to
BOA to allow the foreign applicant to practice accountancy education in the Philippines
accountancy in the Philippines, that by express and his engagement is confined to
provision of the law of his country or state, Filipino teaching only.
CPAs are allowed to practice accountancy in his C. A foreign CPA who is an internationally
country or state on terms of strict and absolute recognized expert or with specialization in
equality with the citizens or subjects of said any branch of accountancy and his service
country or state including the unconditional is essential for the advancement of
recognition of prerequisite degrees issued by accountancy in the Philippines.
institutions of higher learning duly recognized or The procedures and documents for the registration
established by the Government of the Republic of and issuance of temporary or special permits to a
the Philippines attaching or appending thereto an foreign CPA or its equivalent are as follows:
authentic or authenticated official copy of said law A. A visa and work permit issued by
officially translated in the English language. appropriate government agencies.
If the letter or document and the copy of the law B. Within 30 calendar days after his
submitted by the applicant is satisfactory to the commission or appointment date, the
BOA, the foreign applicant shall be allowed to commissioning party shall secure an
practice accountancy in the Philippines by employment permit from the Department
requiring him to file an application and by of Labor and Employment. Thereafter, the
submitting the following documents that shall commissioning party shall secure the
accompany the application: temporary or special permit from the
A. The original or certified copy of any official Board subject to the approval by the
documents issued by the Bureau of Commission.
Immigration and Deportation allowing the C. In the absence of any bilateral agreement,
applicant to enter and reside in the the foreign national shall submit
Philippines. documentary proof or evidence allowing
Page|20 of 21
Filipino CPAs to practice the profession in by the PRC to an accounting teacher shall be valid
their home country without any limitation. for 3 years and renewable every 3 years.
D. Sworn statement of the details of foreign The following are the requirements for the
applicant area of specialization which must accreditation of accounting teachers:
be consistent with his expertise.
A. Possession of a relevant master’s degree.
E. Upon issuance of the temporary or special
In this regard, any post-graduate degree
permit, the foreign national may become a
program in business, accounting, taxation,
member of the APO subject to the rules
law, education and related fields earned
and procedures of its membership.
from any graduate school duly recognized
CPA SEAL AND USE OF CPA SEAL by the CHED will qualify for this
All registered CPAs shall obtain and use a seal of a requirement.
design prescribed by the Board bearing the B. Completion of 12 units of relevant
registrant’s name, registration number and title. education subjects from the CHED
The auditor’s reports shall be stamped with said recognized schools. In this regard, the 12
seal, indicating therein his current Professional Tax units of relevant education subjects may
Receipt (PTR) number, date and place of payment be earned:
when filed with government authorities or when Either from the undergraduate
used professionally. education program or from a
The seal of a CPA shall be circular in form with a graduate degree program of any
smaller circle within. In the upper portion of the higher education institute duly
space between the circles shall be engraved the recognized by CHED.
name of the individual CPA, firm or partnership as From in-service or in-house
the case maybe and in the lower portion thereof trainings offered by schools or
shall be engraved the CPA registration number of training centers.
the individual CPA, proprietor of the firm and the From a combination of in-service
signing partner of the partnership. In the middle of trainings and units earned in an
the smaller circle shall be engraved the letters undergraduate or graduate
“CPA”. education programs.
The CPA shall be required to indicate the numbers CPAs who have passed the
of his certificate of registration and professional Teachers Board Examination and
identification card with its date of issuance and the are already licensed professional
duration of validity, including the PTR number teachers shall be exempt from this
which the city or municipal treasurer shall issue to requirement.
the registered CPA upon presentation of his current C. A total of 3 years meaningful experience in
professional identification card, on the documents actual accounting work in the public
he signs, uses or issues in connection with the practice, commerce and industry or
practice of his profession. Affixing the CPA’s seal government sector. In this regard, the 3
and signature is an indication of compliance by the year experience is total or cumulative and
CPA to the requisite accounting and auditing not necessarily continuing.
standards and rules. D. Proof that the CPA has undergone
continuing professional development.
RULES AND REGULATION FOR THE
ACCREDITATION OF ACCOUNTING TEACHERS Any tenured, full time, full load faculty members
(BOA Resolution 88, Series of 2008) who does not meet the requirements for
Taking effect on June 20, 2008, the accreditation accreditation as of June 20, 2008, may be issued a
policy for accounting teachers of the BOA applies provisional accreditation which will be valid for a
to all CPAs involved in the teaching of accounting, period not exceeding 3 years unless earlier
auditing, management services, finance, business withdrawn, revoked, cancelled for cause by the
law, taxation and other technically related BOA. Provisional accreditation may be issued only
subjects. Unless sooner revoked, cancelled or once and is not renewable. This provision also
withdrawn, the Certificate of Accreditation issued applies to returning teachers who have not been
teaching for the last 5 years.