Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
By : Laksmi
Department of Library and Information Science
Faculty of Humanities, University of Indonesia
Depok – INDONESIA
Introduction
1
Makalah ini dipresentasikan pada Asia-Pacific Conference on Library & Information
Education & Practice 2006 – A-LIEP 2006; Singapore: Nanyang Technological
University.
2
Case, Donald O. 2002: 138.
3
“Buku ajar...”, dalam Panel Diskusi Pengkajian Buku, 1991: 1
1
Penelitian buku-buku perpustakaan
subjects, the publication, the originality of books, and the writers. The study uses
the content analysis approach that is named as bolometric study. This knowledge
is needed as references to develop the science and to create more literatures with
the various, innovative, and constructive ideas in the future.
2
Penelitian buku-buku perpustakaan
4
2001. “Bibliometrics of electronic journals in information science.” Information Research, Vol. 7
no. 1. October 2001. Download in September 16th 2005.
5
2002: 138
6
Librarianship, 2002: 3
7
The term of ‘librarianship’ is used in english, is equal to the term of library science, used in
english-american. Harrod’s Librarians’ Glossary, 1990: 370.
8
Pendit, 2003. Penelitian ilmu perpustakaan dan informasi: 40-41
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Penelitian buku-buku perpustakaan
The total number of the book is 237. Table 1 shows that books written
increases slowly per 5 years and reaches the peak in 1988 – 1993, that is 59
books. In this period, there was financial support from government for book
publications through Balai Pustaka, one of the official government publishers. In
addition, the British Council gave some scholarships to some academic lecturers
to pursue postgraduate in library science. The graduate students are expected to
write down their knowledge into books.
After that period, since 1994-1999 and 2000-2005, the number of
publication gradually has declined. The economic crisis may be one of the factors
that influences the spirit of the librarians to write the book. The other possible
factor is the custom and the way of think of the librarians. The routine and
technical works make the librarians are used to think in accordance to the
procedures. This custom hampers the creativity, whereas they have to be dynamic
and creative and think fast to face the problems of the changing world.
0
1952– 1957 1958– 963 1964– 1969 1970– 1975 1976– 1981 1982– 1987 1988–1993 1994–1999 2000–2005
Year of Publications
In recent day, instead of the multi dimension crisis that is still going on in
Indonesia, the number of lecturers and graduate students in library and
information sciences increase and the information technology emerges. Then, the
number of publications should increase as well. But the facts are in contrast. There
are several possibilities. First, the characteristic of the library tasks focuses on the
technical processing. It makes the individuals concern too much to their works,
they forget to develop their knowledge. They do not have much time to read and
write the book, because the library work contains many things performed
continuously. The second possibilities, there is no concern and motivation from
institutions where the individuals work. Due to the unhealthy condition, the data
shows indications that it needs then to be examined carefully.
2) Type of publications
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Penelitian buku-buku perpustakaan
Based on the data found, the type of publication between 1952 and 2005
are reference and textbooks (136) and manual books (83). It is a significance
development, in spite of the other type of publications are important too. With
those total numbers of books, the students, lecturers and practitioners in this field
can get enough resources in Indonesian.
0
Reference and Manual books Act and regulation Seminar/w orkshop
textbook books report
The reference and textbooks, as well as manual books, have important role
to disseminate information. Although the information is not as up to date as the
journals, both types are needed to refer. The other two types, books on act and
regulation and reports of seminar/workshop are published in a few numbers. The
books on acts and regulations should be the responsibilities of the government,
but the related departments have no enough serious interest to make the library
acts legally. The National Library develops national standards for libraries. The
assumption, the government is not aware of library roles and people have lack of
knowledge about library, so that they seem as their needs. As the reports of
seminar/workshop on library and information science, they are published in
limited edition and rarely launched to the public. In Indonesia, the seminars or
workshops on librarianship are very often held, but the committees make the
internal reports and do not publish to the public. This custom behaviour is
regretted, eventhough the subjects discussed in the seminar/workshop frequently
provide innovative ideas in this discipline.
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Penelitian buku-buku perpustakaan
During 53 years, the most subjects books published in the library and
information science is librarianship (I); followed by the subjects of library
technical work (A), services (C), and collection development (K). Those
categories discuss the same topic, it is the library technical work. This theme
consists of the management of library in general, management of information,
management of collection development, management of automation and
technology, management of services, and so on. The subject books few discussed
are human resources (B), facilities and library building (D), public library (E),
school library (F), special library (G), academic library (H), and library network
and cooperation (J), the education in this field (L), the books in research (M), (N),
(O), and (P). There are sharp differences between the subjects which writers most
and few discuss.
39
60 60
T 27
o 40 29
8 17
t
8 9 6 5
a 20 11 4 1
4
l
0 3 5
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P
S ubjcts of Publication
Information :
A = library technical works (classification, cataloguing, abstracts, index, bibliographies)
B = human resources (librarian)
C = services, the service use of users
D = facilities and library building
E = public library
F = school library
G = special library
H = academic library
I = librarianship, including information technology, automation, management
J = library network and cooperation
K = collection development
L = library education, including curriculum in library and information science
M =library research
N = library association, the National Library
O = books on acts, regulation, rules
P = reading habit
The figure at the Table 3 shows that the concern of the writings is focused
in library application. If it is compared to the development of this field in the
developed countries, the subject published in Indonesia are still left. Although this
discipline is categorized as new science, it is developing dynamically and rapidly
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Penelitian buku-buku perpustakaan
in conjunction with the rise of technology and the social change. The complex and
global changing world demands this discipline to change the perspectives. The
knowledge of library technical work and ‘traditional’ library management are not
enough strong tools to face the modern environment problems nowadays. More
educated and multicultural society needs fast and accurate information and better
services. The librarians may not be able to fulfill those needs, if their knowledge
only is limited to the technical work. They have to understand the characteristic of
the society they serve, they have to examine the social phenomenon, they need to
improve the communication skills, and they need to know the information and
communication technology. Therefore, the book publication on library and
information science should be developed to other disciplines, such as sociology,
anthropology, communication and technology.
9
IPI = Ikatan Pustakawan Indonesia (Indonesian Librarian Association). It’s exists since 1978,
supported by The National Library, Republic of Indonesia.
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Penelitian buku-buku perpustakaan
93
100
90
72
80
64
70
60
Total 50
40
30
20
6
10 1
0
Government Commercial Academic IPI Abstain
institutions institutions institutions
Type of Publications
The institutions that publish books are the government institutions, followed by
the commercial institutions and academic institutions. The books published by the
government are limited edition, not sold, and the limited distribution to special
regions. In the past, the format of books were usually photocopies or bad printed.
Furthermore, the books are rarely to be revised. If the government do, the revision
is limited to their language composition. While, if the commercial publishers have
only profit oriented, they do naturally not improve their substance. The academic
institutions are IPB (Institute of Agriculture, Bogor), GAMA (University of
Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta), UI (University of Indonesia, Depok), Open
University, and so on. IPI, as Indonesian library association, have published many
reports on their congress. The reports compile some articles on librarianship
presented at the congress.
Some books are written directly by the writers, others are produced by the
translation from foreign writings. The characteristics of the book are examined
through the number of the pages and their sources. From 236 books, there are only
4,2% (10) book translations. Since 1952, we have difficulties to find the
translation books. The foreign opinions are valuable to enrich the knowledge.
Although the works written by indigenous librarians in this country is important,
we need the existence of such books. One of the reasons is the Indonesian use
mother tongue. They have difficulties to read the books in English.
The commitment of the writers can be seen in the physical book, whether
the pages of the book are more or less than 100 pages. The data shows that half of
the total books have pages less than 100 and more than 100 pages.
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Penelitian buku-buku perpustakaan
In this research, it is found that there are more than 20 writers who write
the books between 2 to 4. The active writers who contribute much more are
Sulistyo-Basuki, Soejono Trimo and Lasa. HS, they have written more than 10
books. The number of single and multiple writers are almost balanced, they are
49,4% of single writer and 50,5% of multiple writers.
Conclusion
Summing up all above analysis, I would say that the development of the
library and information science through publication of books, 1952 – 2005,
however, shows few developments. This science can not fully rely on the
publication of books, because the numbers of publications are not very
substantially. On the other hand, the publication of books shows that this science
in our country develops slowly. These are the details.
Although the book publication has various subjects of this field in
Indonesia, principally they are the same subject, namely library technical tasks.
The books discuss how to manage library, how to make a bibliographical
description, how to conduct the services, etc.
This publication decline has been seen since 1993 till recent times. The
institutions which have a big role in developing the library and information
publication is the government, that includes The National Library and Ministry of
Education, and followed by the commercial publishers. Ironically, the academic
institutions, especially those who have library and information
program/department, and the library association that should be more responsible
to disseminate the knowledge, publish these kind of books in few number. Both
institutions should lead in publishing the books.
I recommend, firstly, to the Indonesian librarian and higher educators to
motivate themselves to do more researches, writing and translating more of these
books. Secondly, the academic institutions and the library association should
support individuals in processing, publishing and distributing their scientific
works. Thirdly, the connected institutions, such as the academic institutions, the
commercial publishers, and the government are supposed to cooperate in order to
be able to facilitate the book publication process.
Due to limited opportunities, not all books published are covered, and I
hope that this study should be continued, so I would apologize to all colleague in
Indonesia and audience here for this reason. However, these are our country
experience and I hope it would be very useful for other countries to share this, and
for Indonesia to review in order to build what we have now, for better future.
*****
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