Measuring Entrepreneurial Attitude and Entrepreneurial Intention of Abm Students of Mount Carmel School of Maria Aurora

MOUNT CARMEL SCHOOL OF MARIA AURORA (MCSMA), INC.
MARIA
AURORA 3202, AURORA
“MEASURING ENTREPRENEURIAL ATTITUDE AND ENTREPRENEURIAL INTENTION OF ABM

STUDENTS OF MOUNT CARMEL SCHOOL OF MARIA AURORA”
A Research Study Presented to the Faculty of Senior High School Department of
Mount Carmel School of Maria Aurora Inc.
In Fulfillment in the Requirement for Research II
By:
Christine Yvonne A. Tejones
and
Princess S. Panida
October, 2019
MOUNT CARMEL SCHOOL OF MARIA AURORA (MCSMA), INC. MARIA
AURORA 3202, AURORA
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Acknowledgement
Dedication
Abstract
Chapter I
The Problem and its Background
Introduction
Conceptual Framework
Statement of the Problem
Research Hypothesis
Significance of the Study
Scope and Delimitation
Definition of Terms
Chapter II
Review of Related Literature
Local Literature
Foreign Literature
Chapter III
Methodology
Methods of Research
Data Gathering
Research Instrument
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Statistical Analysis
Research Design
Locale of the Study
Population of the Study
Chapter IV
Presentation, Results, and Interpretation of Data
Chapter V
Summary of Findings, Conclusion, and Recommendation
Appendices
Bibliography
Curriculum Vitae
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The researchers want to appreciate first and foremost Almighty God who made all this
things possible and gave us wisdom and knowledge and strength to finish this study, Mrs. Febbie W.
Ramos our adviser in research paper, for help and guidance to finish this project with ease and also
to our love one’s who served as an inspiration and whose unlimited financial and moral support,
love and prayers that brought this study success, and most of all.
We would like to take this opportunity for thanking our partnership throughout the work of
this study. We are just steady and fine. We are out most sincerely thankful we’re partner as well as
who has given everything possible to make sure we achieved this feat together.
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DEDICATION
And for all the success of this study.
With pure love and sincerity, the researches would like to dedicate this research work to
our Almighty God who made all this things possible and gave us wisdom, knowledge and strength
to finish this study.
To our parents who supports us financially and served as our inspiration to finish this
papers. We know you are proud of us.
To our classmates, friends, especially to our beloved research teacher Mrs. Febbie Jane W.
Ramos, who guide us in doing this thesis and for giving us valuable criticism.
After the hardships, stress moments, and sacrifice, say this research study become
meaningful and successful.
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ABSTRACT
Tejones, Christine Yvonne A., Panida, S. Princess Accountancy, Business and Management
(ABM); Measuring Entrepreneurial Attitude and Entrepreneurial Intention of ABM Senior High
School Students of Mount Carmel School of Maria Aurora.
The purpose of the study was to determine the level of entrepreneurial attitude and
entrepreneurial intention of ABM Grade 11 and 12 Senior High School students of Mount Carmel
School of Maria Aurora. The study uses quantitative descriptive research design and explanation
research to describe and explain the entrepreneurial attitude and entrepreneurial intention of the
students. In order to gather the data, questionnaires were used and the respondents were Grade 11
and 12 ABM students, a total of 50 students. The findings reveal that all variables of
entrepreneurial attitude of students is high and their entrepreneurial intention is also high. In
terms of its correlation, the study found that there is a significant relationship between
entrepreneurial attitude and entrepreneurial intention.
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CHAPTER I
THE PROBLEM & ITS BACKGROUND
INTRODUCTION
Students of today’s generation are the future entrepreneurs of the country. Entrepreneurship is
perceive to bring economic welfare and may contribute significantly in nation’s future wealth. It is
undeniably obvious that unemployment rate in the Philippines is constantly increasing. Many
college graduates are unable to find jobs appropriate with the degree they finished.
Entrepreneurship education has been acknowledged by many organizations and even the
government as a promising way to improve the work insertion of young people and, at the same
time, contribute to social and economic welfare. Entrepreneurship creates jobs which consequently
generate more opportunities.
Entrepreneurship is timeless. From the very young to very old, people starting business at a rapid
rate. One cause of the sudden increase of new entrepreneurs is the current trend of professionals
who leave their companies to start putting their own businesses. They believe in modern days that
being just an employee is not enough to meet their needs. Most employees are not satisfied with
their salaries they get from their employers. Thus, they bind themselves looking for-as many are
doing now they start their own company, using the expertise they learned from their previous
employers. The main factor contributing the interest of professionals to engage in entrepreneurship
is high unemployment rate in the Philippines. This situation awakens the minds of potential
entrepreneurs as a possible solution to this problem.
According to the World Economic Forum which released the rankings of “Global Competitiveness
Report” for 2011 to 2012, the Philippines ranking 161st among other countries in terms of
entrepreneurship. Although its neighboring countries such as Malaysia, Singapore, Vietnam and
Thailand notched a higher place, there are still successful entrepreneurs in the country. In the
Philippines,
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entrepreneurship is a great opportunity considering that it gives jobs to number of people and
eventually, lessens unemployment rate in the country.
It is well know that a career in entrepreneurship offers significant opportunities for individuals to
achieve financial independence and benefit the economy by contributing to job creation, innovative,
and economy growth. Today’s students are tomorrow’s potential entrepreneurs,which may
explain why a growing number of universities offers courses and programs in entrepreneurship.
Entrepreneurship is a key driver in Philippine economy. Wealth and a high majority of jobs are
created by small businesses started by entrepreneurially minded individuals, many of whom go on
to create big businesses. People exposed to entrepreneurship frequently express that they have
more opportunity to exercise freedoms, higher self-esteem, and an overall greater sense of control
over their own lives.
Entrepreneurial intention as a mental orientation such as desire, wish and hope influencing their
choice of entrepreneurship. Many people say that attitude matters. It influences person to behave in
a certain way. In fact the behavior of a person is a reflection of the attitude and who the person is.
Entrepreneurs want to see themselves at the top must take time to work on their attitude. Attitude
influences confidence, enthusiasm, inclination and aspiration toward entrepreneurship.
The current study would like to find out if ABM students of Mount Carmel School of Maria Aurora
have entrepreneurial attitude and have the intentions to create business in the future.
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CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
Independent Variables Dependent Variables
Entrepreneurial
Attitude:
 Need for
Achievement
 Need for
Autonomy/
Entrepreneurial
Independence
Intentions
 Creative
Tendency
 Calculated Risk
Taking
 Drive and
Determination
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STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
The study would like to measure the entrepreneurial attitude and entrepreneurial intention of the
ABM students of Mount Carmel School of Maria Aurora, specifically it seeks to answer the following
questions:
1. What is the entrepreneurial attitude of ABM Senior High School students of Mount Carmel School
of Maria Aurora in terms of:
A. Need for achievement
B. Need for autonomy/independence
C. Creative tendency/innovation
D. Calculated risk taking
E. Drive and determination
2. What entrepreneurial intention ABM students have.

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RESEARCH HYPOTHESES
Alternative Hypotheses
1. There is correlation between entrepreneurial attitudes and entrepreneurial intention.
Null Hypothesis
2. There is no correlation between entrepreneurial attitudes and entrepreneurial intention.
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
To the students:
it can be used to reorient the students about the basic purpose of their intention to take up ABM
(Accountancy, Business and Management)
To the teachers:
it helps them to know what activities they should give in order to boost the entrepreneurial
attitudes of students
To the school:
it helps them to know what are the right and effective programs to use as a tool to enhance the
entrepreneurial intentions of ABM students
To the future researchers:
it gives them a broad sense of the topic and give them more opportunities to figure out more things
from this topic.
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SCOPE AND DELIMITATION
The study is only to measure the relationship between entrepreneurial attitude and
entrepreneurial intention of the ABM grade 11 and 12 Senior High School of Mount Carmel School
of Maria Aurora. There were fifty (50) respondents of this study consisting of twenty five (25)
grade 11 senior high school students and twenty five (25) grade 12 senior high school students.
All information showed in this research work will be based from the data gathered from the survey
the researchers have made. The questionnaire will be distributed to the ABM senior high school
students in Mount Carmel School of Maria Aurora.
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DEFINITION OF TERMS
Business
- is any activity or enterprise entered into for profit
Calculated Risk Taking
- an undertaking or the actual or possible product of an undertaking whose chance of failure has
been previously estimated
Creative Tendency
- the ability of imagination
- putting aside the practical norms and think of something creative and innovative
Determination
- the process of establishing something exactly by calculation or research
Drive
- an innate, biologically determined urge to attain a goal or satisfy a need
Economy
- the wealth or resources of a country or region and consumption of good and services
Employment
- the action or giving work to someone
Entrepreneur
- person in effective control of commercial undertaking
- one who undertakes a business or an enterprise
Entrepreneurial Attitude
- being able to identify the opportunities and having the guts to take the risk to be grab the
opportunities
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Entrepreneurial Intention
- position to owning a business or becoming self-employed
- personal orientations which might lead to venture creations especially in terms of the production
Innovator
- a person who introduces new methods, ideas, or products
Job
- a paid position of regular employment
- a task or piece of work, especially one that is paid
Market
- an area or arena in which commercial dealings are conducted
Need for Achievement
- individual’s desire for significant accomplishment, mastering skills, control or high standards
- intense, prolonged and repeated efforts to accomplish something difficult
Need for Autonomy
- the opportunity to work according to their own goals, values, tastes and beliefs
Services
- a transaction in which no physical goods are transferred from the seller to buyer
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CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Foreign Literature
Knowing the important role of entrepreneurship in job creation and economic growth, there have
been growing interest among many researchers to conducted studies on entrepreneurial attitude
and entrepreneurial intentions among students.
Citing the importance of entrepreneurship, (Bakotic and Kruzic, 2010) state, that students are
generators of the future economic development and their entrepreneurial attitudes and behavior
determine the future business activities and sustainability of economy. Such statement was also
repeated by The Global Report (2014) of the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) which states
that proactive approach in the developing of EB and enhancing entrepreneurial intentions requires
consistent improving of entrepreneurship education (Amoros, 2015).
The literature review within entrepreneurial intentions confirms that entrepreneurship education
programs are the right and effective for preparing students to be entrepreneurs. (Kritskaya, 2015)
conducted a review of literature on the effect entrepreneurship education of the entrepreneurial
intentions. As a result of the review, she confirms that entrepreneurship education programs are
the right and effective tool to enhance entrepreneurial intentions. In consistence with the previous
findings, (Tshikovhi and Shambare, 2015) maintain that entrepreneurship education can influence
the entrepreneurial knowledge and entrepreneurial intentions.
Such finding is also forwarded by the study of (Sataniewski, 2015) on students readiness to start
their own business .There was an association between academic program and student readiness to
start their own business. (Dogan, 2015) in his study on the relationship between entrepreneurial
education and entrepreneurial intention concluded that there was significant positive correlation
between the students’ success levels in the entrepreneurship class and their intentions.
Cross cultural study on the effect of personality trait and entrepreneurial intention have also been
carried out. (Karabulut, 2016) conducted a study on the personality traits and its effect on
entrepreneurial intention to the Turkey’s students. His study identified several personality traits
such as internal locus of control, need for achievement, risk-tolerance and entrepreneurial
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intention. His study led to a conclusion that all personality traits included in the study was
correlated to the entrepreneurial intention.
According to (McClelland, 2013) certain individuals are more motivated to achieve than to give
satisfaction to what others think of them. An individual who is strongly engaged to achieve their
goal pursuits will experience a positive target more positively.
Human beings have unique ability to focus on things that are not happening right now. That allows
them to reflect on the past and learn from it, it allows them to anticipate and plan for the future, and
allows them to get lessons from the things that happened to them in the past.(Killingsworth, 2015)
According to (Hisrich, 2010), some people prefer to work alone than being independent on a team
because it is easy for them to focus and decide what to do and when, they will become independent
and will not have an outside pressure it will be easy for them to do the job efficiently.
According to (Zenger,2013) people who focuses on results and motivate themselves to be at their
best, enables them to achieve extraordinary results, because the keep on improving their selves to
have a great result of what they are doing.
According to (Brenner, 2012, some individual do somethings in the way that they like instead of
copying other people or following rule.
Human beings want to make their own decisions, pursue their own goals, and come up with their
own ideas. According to (Deci, 2015), Humans are expressive, they perceive their needs,
motivations, preferences, behaviors to be aligned and congruent with one another. They feel like
the directors of their own lives and live according to their own interest and values.
Creative ideas are not reserved for special group of people, they come to anyone. Anyone with
normal intelligence is capable of doing some degree or creative work.(Amabile, 2016)
People adjust to change, not by learning to like what is taking place, but by performing new
expectations that can lead to success under the new conditions.(Goldsmith, 2014).
Certain individuals do not settle on ordinary things, they want to explore and create extraordinary
things.(Lubard, 2014) Asserts that creative thinkers are like good investor: They buy low and sell
high. Creative people generates ideas that are like undervalued and both are generally rejected by
the public. The creative person buys low by presenting a unique idea and attempts to convince
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other people of its value. After convincing others that the idea is worthy, which increases the
perceived value of the investment the creative person sells high by leaving the idea to others and
moving to another idea.
According to (Hass, 2012) failure is a redirection. It shows us where we shouldn’t be. It is also an
opportunity. It is a chance to reevaluate and comeback stronger with better reasoning.
The process of taking risks may lead to failure, but that can make us a better person by increasing
the capacity to recover quickly from difficulties. (Ferrel, 2012)
According to (Gur, 2016) if we want to achieve anything in life, we need to take a chance. In taking
chances anything can happen. We can experience something that can completely change our life.
Taking chances when they occur carries high risk of having a fortunate outcome will have a positive
impact in our life.(Moore, 2014)
According to (Weinberge, 2016) if you’d work hard for something you’ve want to be an expert of,
that will lead you to happiness and success. Working intelligently and vigorously at a given task to
complete it with a maximum efficiency.
Working on what you plan ensures that you are working on the right things and it lets you focus
your attention on objectives and results. (Godin, 2014)
According to (Hysterson, 2012) individuals that have an idea to start a business in the future sees
everything as an investment. They are business minded people who sees many things in life as
purely transactional.
People who wants to own a business has a capacity and willingness to develop, organize and
manage a business venture along with any risks to make a profit.
According to (Sahu, 2015) entrepreneurs have a set of defined goals and dedication towards the
work they feel they are passionate about. They dedicate their time in a set defined format to
continuously learn and implement the learning that they have got.
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Local Literature
Entrepreneurship has found its way into education institution curriculum and there is an increasing
focus on entrepreneurship education in non-business courses and extra-curricular setting.
Entrepreneurship education is a central strategy at an education institutes to foster entrepreneurial
intentions among students (Pepania, 2004). The essential requirement behind this plan is that
entrepreneurship is both teachable and learnable.
Entrepreneurship is one of the skill included in the Institutional Intended Learning Outcome of the
Lyceum of the Philippines University wherein the students would be able to engage in project and
activities using basic knowledge and skills in business management, entrepreneurship, and finance
management (Laguador, 2013). In his study, it was found out that the variables Goal setting,
Information seeking and Persistence are the Personal Entrepreneurial Competencies where the
students obtained high scores.
(Pardillo, 2011) proposes that there is entrepreneurial intention among students and that a large
portion of these students have rather strong entrepreneurial intention. This study may bring more
awareness for educators so they can help nurture the valuable spirit among this special group and
thus possibly bring out more entrepreneurs. In addition, this study has shown that perceived
feasibility is a stronger predictor of entrepreneurial intention than personal desirability; therefore
university educators may want to enhance perceived feasibility if they intend to increase the level
of entrepreneurial intention.
(Corbo, 2008) suggests that it seems clear that there are number of practical ways for educators to
influence student attitudes and intentions toward entrepreneurship, most of which are relatively
easily accomplished in a college/university setting. Several questions remain, however, as to
impacts of these experiences on intentions and actual new business start-ups and thee degree that
the pedagogical approaches can impact theses outcomes.
Personality traits played an important role in influencing the students’ decision to become
entrepreneurs. The findings implicated that academics needed to play a significant role in
encouraging more students to become entrepreneurs by providing more awareness on the benefits
of becoming entrepreneurs and in turn, contributing the growth of the country’s economies and
global competitiveness (Saguit, 2010).
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CHAPTER III
METHODOLOGY
This chapter presents the methodology used in the study. It includes a description of the method of
research used, the locale of study, respondents and sampling procedure, instrument used and
statistical analysis of data.
RESEARCH DESIGN
Since the study is a quantitative research, thus, the study used quantitative descriptive research
design and explanation research to determine the level of entrepreneurial intentions of ABM
students of Mount Carmel School of Maria Aurora.
LOCALE OF THE STUDY
This research study was conducted in Mount Carmel School of Maria Aurora, students of ABM
senior high school from grade 11 and grade 12 senior high school students that are randomly
selected as respondents of this study.
RESPONDENTS AND SAMPLING PROCEDURE
The population of the study was composed of ABM Grade 11 and 12 Senior High School students of
Mount Carmel School of Maria Aurora. 25 students from grade 11 and 25 students from grade 12
therefore 50 students is the sampling design of the study.
DATA GATHERING
The researcher will ask permission from the room adviser of the respondents and to the selected
respondents by giving them a letter of permission signed by the research teacher, coordinator, and
the principal of the researchers. Such letter will be carried by researchers and discussed to the
respondents. After the proper permission was observed from the students concerned, the
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researchers will distribute the questionnaires personally to the respondents during their break
time. The accomplished questionnaires were retrieved by the researchers immediately after its
administration for more reliability and validity of the results.
RESEARCH INSTRUMENT
A structured questionnaire was prepared as the principal data gathering tool. The researcher would
like to conduct a survey to 50 students of Grade 11 and 12 ABM senior high school of Mount Carmel
School of Maria Aurora. The result will be the basis to be included in the samples of reliability and
validity.
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
To answer all statements of the problem of this study, all accomplished questionnaire were
compiled and subjected to statistical analysis. Descriptive statistics such as frequencies
transformed to percentage, and average used to employed interpretation of the data gathered.
Categorization of some quantitative results and reclassification of some qualitative results were
done to facilitate a more meaningful interpretation of the results.
In finding and interpreting the results, we compute the percentage with the formula:
P = F / n x 100
Where:
P – Percentage n – Number of respondents
F – Frequency
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CHAPTER IV
PRESENTATION, RESULT & INTERPRETATION OF DATA
Profile of the Respondents
Table 1: It shows the age of the respondents
AGE FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
16 years Old 11 22%
17 years Old 31 62%
18 years Old 6 12%
19 years Old 2 4%
TOTAL 50 100%
Referring to Table 1. In terms of age, 22% of the respondents aged 16years Old, 62% of them aged
17years Old, 12% aged 18years Old, and 4% aged 19years Old.
Table 2: It shows the gender of the respondents
GENDER FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
MALE 16 32%
FEMALE 34 68%
TOTAL 50 100%
Referring to Table 2. Out of the total 50 respondents, only 32% or 16 respondents are Male and
68% or 34 respondents are Female.
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Table 3: It shows the grade level of the respondents
GRADE FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
11 25 50%
12 25 50%
TOTAL 50 100%
Referring to Table 3. Out of the total 50 respondents, 50% or 125 respondents are from grade 11
and 50% or 25 respondents are from grade 12.
Tables 4: This partition shows the entrepreneurial attitude of Grade 11 and 12 ABM students
in terms of need for achievement
4a. Is it more important to do a job well done than to try to please people?
4A
No
6%
Y
es
N
Yes o
94%
Graph 4A presents the result on item no. 1. Base on the result that has 50 respondents, 94% of
them answered Yes on the question “Is it more important to do a job well done than to try to
please people?” and 6% answered No.
According to (McClelland, 2013) certain individuals are more motivated to achieve than to give
satisfaction to what others think of them. An individual who is strongly engaged to achieve their
goal pursuits will experience a positive target more positively.
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4b. Do think more of the present and the future rather than the past?
No
4B
2%
Y
es
N
Yes o
98%
In this figure, it shows that most of the respondents answered Yes, which is 98% and 2%
answered No.
Human beings have unique ability to focus on things that are not happening right now. That
allows them to reflect on the past and learn from it, it allows them to anticipate and plan for the
future, and allows them to get lessons from the things that happened to them in the
past.(Killingsworth, 2015)
4c. Would rather take the responsibility for yourself rather than being dependent on a
team?
No
4C
4%
Ye
s
N
Yes o
96%
Among the 50 respondents, only 4% answered no, while 96% is agree to take responsibility by
themselves than being dependent on a team.
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According to (Hisrich, 2010), some people prefer to work alone than being independent on a team
because it is easy for them to focus and decide what to do and when, they will become independent
and will not have an outside pressure it will be easy for them to do the job efficiently.
in terms of need for autonomy.
5a. When you are faced with a challenge, would you think more about the results of
succeeding than the effect of failing?
5A
No
10%
Y
es
N
Yes o
90%
Among 50 respondents they were asked “when you are faced with a challenge, would you think
more about the results of succeeding than the effect of failing?”, 10% answered No, in the
question while 90% answered Yes.
According to (Zenger,2013) people who focuses on results and motivate themselves to be at

their best, enables them to achieve extraordinary results, because the keep on improving their
selves to have a great result of what they are doing.
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5b. Do you like to do things on your own way without worrying about what other people
thinks?
5B
No
12%
Y
es
N
o
Yes
88%
Graph 5B shows the response of the respondents in item no. 5. It could be noted that the majority of
the respondents answered Yes which is 88% and 12% answered No.
According to (Brenner, 2012, some individual do somethings in the way that they like instead of
copying other people or following rule.
5c. Do you need to express what you think?
5C
No
6%
Y
es
N
Yes o
94%
Among the 50 respondents 94% of them believe that they need to express what they think while
6% of the respondents are not convinced.
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Human beings want to make their own decisions, pursue their own goals, and come up with their
own ideas. According to (Deci, 2015), Humans are expressive, they perceive their needs,
motivations, preferences, behaviors to be aligned and congruent with one another. They feel like
the directors of their own lives and live according to their own interest and values.
in terms of Creative tendency
6a. Do you want to do things in a creative way?
6A
No
14%
Y
es
N
Yes o
86%
The respondents are asked if they want to do things in a creative way. Based on the data
gathered, 14% answered No and 86% of the respondents answered Yes.
Creative ideas are not reserved for special group of people, they come to anyone. Anyone with
normal intelligence is capable of doing some degree or creative work.(Amabile, 2016)
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6b. Are you not having a hard time to adapt to change?
6B
No
20%
Y
es
N
o
Yes
80%
Among 50 respondents they were asked “Are you not having a hard time to adapt to change?”,
20% answered No, in the question while 90% answered Yes, that they are not having a hard
time adapting to change.
People adjust to change, not by learning to like what is taking place, but by performing new
expectations that can lead to success under the new conditions.(Goldsmith, 2014)
6c. Do people sometimes find your ideas unusual?
6C
No
20%
Y
es
N
o
Yes
80%
In this graph it shows that 80% of the respondents answered Yes to the question “Do people
sometimes find your ideas unusual, while 10% answered No.
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Certain individuals do not settle on ordinary things, they want to explore and create extraordinary
things.(Lubard, 2014)
in terms of calculated risk taking.
7a. If there is a chance of failure, will you still try to do it?
7A
No
18%
Y
es
N
o
Yes
82%
Among the 50 respondents, 82% of them answered they will still try to do it even if there is a
chance of failure while 18% answered no.
According to (Hass, 2012) failure is a redirection. It shows us where we shouldn’t be. It is also
an opportunity. It is a chance to reevaluate and comeback stronger with better reasoning.
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7b. When you have to set your own targets, will you proceed even if it is not certain that
you will get it?
7B
No
22%
Y
es
N
o
Yes
78%
In this graph, 78% of the respondents answered that when they set their own targets they will
still proceed even if it is not certain that they will get it, while 22% answered No.
The process of taking risks may lead to failure, but that can make us a better person by
increasing the capacity to recover quickly from difficulties. (Ferrel, 2012)
7c. Would you rather take an opportunity that might lead to even better things than have
an experience you are sure to enjoy?
7C
No
12%
Y
es
N
o
Yes
88%
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The graph shows that most of the respondents answered Yes on the question “Would you rather
take an opportunity that might lead to even better things than have an experience you are sure to
enjoy?”, while 12% answered No.
According to (Gur, 2016) if we want to achieve anything in life, we need to take a chance. In taking
chances anything can happen. We can experience something that can completely change our life
in terms of drive and determination.
8a. If you want to be successful would to take chances when they occur?
No
8A
4%
Y
es
N
o
Yes
96%
Base on the graph 96% answered that they would take chances when it occurs, while 4%
answered No.
Taking chances when they occur carries high risk of having a fortunate outcome will have a
positive impact in our life.(Moore, 2014)
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8b. If you want to be good at one thing, would you have work hard?
8B
No
0%
Y
es
N
o
Yes
100%
The graph shows the response of the respondents on the question “If you want to be good at
one thing, would you have work hard?”. It could be noted that majority of the respondents
answered Yes which is 100%, while no one or 0% answered No.
According to (Weinberge, 2016) if you’d work hard for something you’ve want to be an expert
of, that will lead you to happiness and success. Working intelligently and vigorously at a given
task to complete it with a maximum efficiency.
8c. When you make plans to do something, do you always do what you plan?
No
8C
4%
Y
es
N
o
Yes
96%
In this graph 96% of the respondents said that they always do what they plan, while 4% answered
No.
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Working on what you plan ensures that you are working on the right things and it lets you focus
your attention on objectives and results. (Godin, 2014)
Tables 9: This partition shows the entrepreneurial intention of Grade 11 and 12 ABM
students.
9a. Do you have ideas about how to start a business in the future?
9A
No
12%
Y
es
N
o
Yes
88%
Among the 50 respondents, 88% answered that they have ideas about how to start a business in the
future, while 12% answered No.
According to (Hysterson, 2012) individuals that have an idea to start a business in the future sees
everything as an investment. They are business minded people who sees many things in life as
purely transactional.
9b. Will you make an effort to start and run your own business?
9B
No
10%
Y
es
N
o
Yes
90%
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The graph shows that 90% of the respondents are willing to make an effort to start and run
their own business, while 10% answered no.
People who wants to own a business has a capacity and willingness to develop, organize and
manage a business venture along with any risks to make a profit.
9c. Is your professional goal is to become an entrepreneur?
9C
No
14%
Y
es
N
o
Yes
86%
Out of the 50 respondents, 43 or 86% of them answered that entrepreneurship is their professional
goal while 7 or 145 of them answered No.
According to (Sahu, 2015) entrepreneurs have a set of defined goals and dedication towards the
work they feel they are passionate about. They dedicate their time in a set defined format to
continuously learn and implement the learning that they have got.
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CHAPTER V
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION & RECOMMENDATION
This chapter presents the summary of findings, the conclusions drawn, and recommendations made
by the researchers as outgrowth of this study. The main objective of this study is to determine the
level of entrepreneurial attitude and entrepreneurial intention of ABM senior high school of Mount
Carmel School of Maria Aurora.
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS
The purpose of this study is to determine the level of entrepreneurial attitude and entrepreneurial
intention of ABM senior high school of Mount Carmel School of Maria Aurora. Respondents of the
study were composed of 25 students from Grade 11 and 25 students from Grade 12 with a total of
50 senior high students.
Descriptive method was used in this study. It describes certain phenomenon. Survey-questionnaire
is used in data gathering. The results gathered from the 50 respondents will be tallied, computed,
and analyzed.
Findings
1. The question that got the highest percentage in the portion Need for Achievement is “Do think
more of the present and the future rather than the past?” which is 96%. The lowest is “Is it more
important to do a job well than to try to please people which is 94%.
2. In the portion Need for Autonomy the question that got the highest percentage is the question
“Do you need to express what you think” which is 94% and the question “Do you like to do things
on your own without worrying what other people thinks?” got the lowest which is 88%.
3. The question that got the highest percentage in the portion Creative Tendency is “Do you want
to do things in a creative way?” which is 86%. The lowest are the questions “Are you having a hard
time to adapt to change?” and “Do people find you ideas unusual?”which is both 80%.
AURORA 3202, AURORA
4. In the portion Calculated Risk Taking the question that got the highest percentage is the question
“Would you rather take an opportunity that might lead to even better things than have an
experience you are sure to enjoy?” which is 88% and the question “When you have to set your own
targets, will you proceed even if it is not certain that you will get it?” got the lowest which is 78%.
5. The question that got the highest percentage in the portion Drive and Determination is “If you
want to be good at one thing, do you have to work hard?” which is 100%. The lowest are “If you
want to be successful would you take chances when they occur?” and “When you make plans to do
something, do you always do what you plan?”which is both 96%.
6. In the portion Entrepreneurial Intentions the question that got the highest percentage is the
question “Will you make an effort to start and run your own business?” which is 90% and the
question “Is you professional goal is to become an entrepreneur?” got the lowest which is 78%.
RECOMMENDATION
(Karabulut, Asmara, 2016) in their studies on entrepreneurial attitude and entrepreneurial

intentions found a correlation between entrepreneurial attitude and entrepreneurial intentions.
Therefore the researchers would like to recommend for the school and the teachers to design
programs and activities that boost the entrepreneurial attitude of students to motivate them into
business in the future. And in line with this enhancing entrepreneurial intentions requires
consistent improving of entrepreneurship education. Entrepreneurship education programs are the
right and effective tool to enhance entrepreneurial intention. (Amoros, 2015).
CONCLUSION
The study concludes that as a whole the entrepreneurial attitude of the students are considered
high or 80% and above. The five variables are all rated high such as need for achievement (96%),
Need for Autonomy (90%), Creative Tendency (80%), Calculated Risk Taking (82%) and Drive and
Determination(97%). It shows that all entrepreneurial attitude variables are correlated to
entrepreneurial intentions. It just means that the entrepreneurial attitude variables influence
entrepreneurial intentions of the students in the future. In terms of its correlation with
entrepreneurial intentions, the computed value reveals that there is a correlation. Therefore, the
hypothesis is accepted.
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APPENDICES
“MEASURING ENTREPRENEURIAL ATTITUDE AND ENTREPRENEURIAL INTENTION OF ABM

STUDENTS OF MOUNT CARMEL SCHOOL OF MARIA AURORA”
Dear Respondents,
The objective of this survey is to collect tangible information to determine the level of
entrepreneurial attitude and entrepreneurial intention of ABM students in MCSMA. The researchers
need you to fulfill this questionnaire as per your honest opinion. Your cooperation will be highly
appreciated.
-The Researchers
AGE:
GENDER : Male Female
GRADE: 11 12
Instructions: Answer the following questions by placing a check in the box. Please answer the
questions honestly. Do not leave each item unanswered.
Yes- Agree No-Disagree
Need for Achievement No Yes
1. It is more important to do a job well than to try to please people
2. I think more of the present and the future rather than the past
3. I would rather take the responsibility for myself rather than to try to please people
Need for Autonomy
4. When I am faced with a challenge, I think more about the results of succeeding
than the effect of failing
5. I like to do things on my own way without worrying about what other people
thinks
6. I need to express what I think

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Creative Tendency
7. I do not want to do things in the usual ways
8. It is not hard for me to adapt to change
9. Sometimes people find my ideas unusual
Calculated Risk Taking
10. If there is a chance of failure, I will still try to do it
11. When I have to set my own targets, I will proceed even if it is not certain that I
will get it
12. I would rather take an opportunity that might lead to even better things than
have an experience I am sure to enjoy
Drive and Determination
13. If I want to be successful I have to take chances when they occur
14. If I want to be good at one thing, I have to work hard
15. When I make plans to do something, I always do what I plan
Entrepreneurial Intentions
16. I have ideas about how to start a business in the future
17. I will make every effort to start and run my own business
18. My professional goal is to be an entrepreneur

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BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. Abbas LN. Engineering Students: What factors effects their entrepreneurial intention? 2013.
2. IOSR Journal Of Humanities And Social Science (IOSR-JHSS). 2013; 15(2):35-40.
3. Abdul Raham A. Perkerjaan dalam kehindupan.
Malaysia, Petaling Jaya: Prentice Hall, 2000.
4. Adams J (nd). 10 Qualities of a Successful
Entrepreneur. Retrieved from
http://under30ceo.com/10-qualities-of-a-successfulentrepreneur/
5. Ajzen I, Fishbein M. Attitude-behavior Relations: A Theoretical Analysis and Review of
Empirical Research. Psychological Bulletin. 1977; 84(5):888-918.
6. Ajzen I. Theory of Planned Behaviour. Organizational Behaviour and Human Decisions
7. Processes. 1991; 50:2, 179-211.
8. Ajzen I. Perceived behavioural control, self-efficacy, locus of control and the theory planned
behaviour. Applied Social Psychology. 2002; 32:1-20.
9. Allah MA, Nakhaie H. Entrepreneurship and risk – taking. International Conference on E-
business, Management and Economics. IPEDR. 2011; Vol.25 IACSIT Press, Singapore.
10. Angyal A. Disgust and related aversions. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology. 1941; 36:
393-412. doi:10.1037/h0058254
AURORA 3202, AURORA
CURRICULUM VITAE
Personal
Name: Christine Yvonne A. Tejones
Age: 18
Birthday: September 20, 2000
Gender: Female
Nationality: Filipino
Contact No.: 09456944254
Email Address: christinetejones20@yahoo.com
Temporary Address: Brgy. 2 Maria Aurora, Aurora
Permanent Address: Tayud, Lilo-an, Cebu
Parents
Name of Mother: Genevere Hyacinth A. Tejones
Name of Father: Alexander G. Tejones
Educational Background
Elementary: San Roque Child Development School
School Address: Yati, Lilo-an, Cebu
High School: San Roque College De Cebu
School Address: Yati, Lilo-an, Cebu
Senior High School: Mount Carmel School of Maria Aurora

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School Address:Brgy. 3, Maria Aurora, Aurora
CURRICULUM VITAE
Personal
Name: Princess S. Panida
Age: 18
Birthday: January 12, 2002
Gender: Female
Nationality: Filipino
Contact No.: 09384748383
Email Address: princesspanida@yahoo.com
Temporary Address: Brgy. 1 Maria Aurora, Aurora
Permanent Address: Urdaneta City Pangasinan
Parents
Name of Mother: Carol Panida
Name of Father: Franklin Panida Sr.
Educational Background
Elementary: Vicente Taaca Memorial School
School Address: Urdaneta City Pangasinan
High School: Mount Carmel School of Maria Aurora
School Address: Brgy. 3, Maria Aurora, Arora
Senior High School: Mount Carmel School of Maria Aurora

AURORA 3202, AURORA
School Address: Brgy. 3, Maria Aurora, Arora

Measuring Entrepreneurial Attitude and Entrepreneurial Intention of Abm Students of Mount Carmel School of Maria Aurora

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MOUNT CARMEL SCHOOL OF MARIA AURORA (MCSMA), INC.

“MEASURING ENTREPRENEURIAL ATTITUDE AND ENTREPRENEURIAL INTENTION OF ABM

A Research Study Presented to the Faculty of Senior High School Department of

Mount Carmel School of Maria Aurora Inc.

In Fulfillment in the Requirement for Research II

Christine Yvonne A. Tejones

The Problem and its Background

Statement of the Problem

Significance of the Study

Scope and Delimitation

Review of Related Literature

Locale of the Study

Population of the Study

Presentation, Results, and Interpretation of Data

Summary of Findings, Conclusion, and Recommendation

And for all the success of this study.

THE PROBLEM & ITS BACKGROUND

Independent Variables Dependent Variables

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

A. Need for achievement

B. Need for autonomy/independence

D. Calculated risk taking

E. Drive and determination

2. What entrepreneurial intention ABM students have.

1. There is correlation between entrepreneurial attitudes and entrepreneurial intention.

2. There is no correlation between entrepreneurial attitudes and entrepreneurial intention.

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

To the future researchers:

SCOPE AND DELIMITATION

- is any activity or enterprise entered into for profit

Calculated Risk Taking

- the ability of imagination

- the process of establishing something exactly by calculation or research

- an innate, biologically determined urge to attain a goal or satisfy a need

- the action or giving work to someone

- person in effective control of commercial undertaking

- one who undertakes a business or an enterprise

- position to owning a business or becoming self-employed

- a person who introduces new methods, ideas, or products

- a paid position of regular employment

- a task or piece of work, especially one that is paid

- an area or arena in which commercial dealings are conducted

Need for Achievement

- intense, prolonged and repeated efforts to accomplish something difficult

Need for Autonomy

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

LOCALE OF THE STUDY

RESPONDENTS AND SAMPLING PROCEDURE

P – Percentage n – Number of respondents

PRESENTATION, RESULT & INTERPRETATION OF DATA

Profile of the Respondents

Table 1: It shows the age of the respondents

AGE FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

16 years Old 11 22%

17 years Old 31 62%

18 years Old 6 12%

Table 2: It shows the gender of the respondents

GENDER FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

Table 3: It shows the grade level of the respondents

GRADE FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

According to (Zenger,2013) people who focuses on results and motivate themselves to be at

5c. Do you need to express what you think?

6a. Do you want to do things in a creative way?