GMB 9/2019

CLASA A XII − A

Inegalitatea saptamanii (549)

27.740. O functie continua si impara 𝑓: ℝ ⟶ ℝ are proprietatea ca (∃) 𝛼 > 0

2(𝑛+1)𝛼
a. i. 𝑓(𝛼 − 𝑥) = 𝑓 (𝑥) (∀) 𝑥 ∈ ℝ . Sa se calculeze: 𝐼 = ∫ 𝑓(𝑓(𝑥))𝑑𝑥 , 𝑛 ∈ ℕ;
2𝑛𝛼

Sa se dea un exemplu de o astfel de functie care are proprietatea din enunt.

(A. Vernescu)

Solutie: Stiind ca 𝑓(𝛼 − 𝑥) = 𝑓 (𝑥) (∀) 𝑥 ∈ ℝ ⟹

⟹ 𝑓 (2𝛼 − 𝑥) = 𝑓 (𝑥 − 𝛼) = −𝑓 (𝑥) 𝑠. 𝑎. 𝑚. 𝑑.

𝑓 (3𝛼 − 𝑥) = −𝑓 (𝑥 − 𝛼) = 𝑓 (𝑥)

𝐼𝑛𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣 ⟹ 𝑓 (2𝑛𝛼 − 𝑥) = 𝑓 (2𝛼 − 𝑥) (∀) 𝑛 ∈ ℕ∗ .

𝑆𝑎 𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑎𝑚 , 𝑚𝑎𝑖 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑖 , 𝑐𝑎 (∀) 𝑔: [𝑎, 𝑏] ⟶ ℝ

𝑏 𝑏
𝑔 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑢𝑎 𝑝𝑒 [𝑎, 𝑏] ⟹ ∫ 𝑔(𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 𝑔(𝑎 + 𝑏 − 𝑥) 𝑑𝑥
𝑎 𝑎

𝑏
𝐹𝑖𝑒 𝑠𝑐ℎ𝑖𝑚𝑏𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑑𝑒 𝑣𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑏𝑖𝑙𝑎 𝑡 = 𝑎 + 𝑏 − 𝑥 ⟹ ∫ 𝑔(𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 =
𝑎

𝑎 𝑏 𝑏
= ∫ 𝑔(𝑎 + 𝑏 − 𝑡) ⋅ (−𝑑𝑡 ) = ∫ 𝑔(𝑎 + 𝑏 − 𝑡 ) 𝑑𝑡 = ∫ 𝑔(𝑎 + 𝑏 − 𝑥) 𝑑𝑥.
𝑏 𝑎 𝑎

𝐴𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑠𝑡 𝑟𝑒𝑧𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑎𝑡 𝑜𝑏𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑚 ∶

2(𝑛+1)𝛼 2(𝑛+1)𝛼
𝐼=∫ 𝑓(𝑓(𝑥)) 𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 𝑓 (𝑓(4𝑛 + 2)𝛼 − 𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 =
2𝑛𝛼 2𝑛𝛼

2(𝑛+1)𝛼 2(𝑛+1)𝛼 2(𝑛+1)𝛼

=∫ 𝑓 (𝑓(2𝛼 − 𝑥)) 𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 𝑓 (−𝑓(𝑥)) 𝑑𝑥 = − ∫ 𝑓 (𝑓(𝑥)) 𝑑𝑥 =
2𝑛𝛼 2𝑛𝛼 2𝑛𝛼

= −𝐼 ⟹ 2𝐼 = 0 ⟹ 𝐼 = 0

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GMB 9/2019

Varianta ∶ Din 𝑓(𝑥 + 𝛼) = 𝑓 (−𝑥) = −𝑓(𝑥) ⟹ 𝑓 (𝑥 + 2𝛼) = −𝑓 (𝑥 + 2)

2(𝑛+1)𝛼 2𝛼
= 𝑓 (𝑥 ) ⟹ ∫ 𝑓(𝑓 (𝑥)) 𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 𝑓(𝑓(𝑥))𝑑𝑥 =
2𝑛𝛼 0

𝛼 2𝛼 𝛼 𝛼
= ∫ 𝑓(𝑓 (𝑥))𝑑𝑥 + ∫ 𝑓(𝑓(𝑥))𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 𝑓(𝑓(𝑥))𝑑𝑥 − ∫ 𝑓(𝑓 (𝑥 + 𝛼)𝑑𝑥 =
0 𝛼 0 0

𝛼 𝛼
= ∫ 𝑓(𝑓 (𝑥))𝑑𝑥 − ∫ 𝑓(𝑓 (𝑥)𝑑𝑥 = 0 ⟹ 𝐼 = 0 .
0 0

𝑈𝑛 𝑒𝑥𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑢 𝑝𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑢 𝑐𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑙𝑜𝑐 𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑛𝑡𝑢𝑙 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑏𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑖 𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑒 ∶

𝑓: ℝ ⟶ ℝ ∶ 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑥

2(𝑛+1)𝜋
𝑠𝑖 𝛼 = 𝜋 ⟹ sin(𝜋 − 𝑥) = sin 𝑥 𝑠𝑖 ∫2𝑛𝜋 sin(sin(𝑥)) 𝑑𝑥 = 0 .