For Cast In Situ Arches

Equation of ellipse
r1 Rise / Height
𝑥2 𝑦2
+ =1
𝑎2 𝑏 2

Area of semi-elipse 𝜋𝑟1𝑟2 r2 Base / Span

𝐴=
2 r1 = Rise / Height
r2 = Base / Span
2
𝑟1 + 𝑟2 2
Perimeter of semi-elipse 𝑃=𝜋
2

Assumption:
1 Building profile with 0.6 m x 1.2 m plate
2 Central piece will have different dimension. Chord length for inner profile and outer profile would be different
and hence length of central piece will be different
3 Starting piece at base and at top to enable plate fixing

Span Pier Clear thickness Base of Arch Base of Water way Arch base Arch height Area Chord Chord
width Span of arch arch height arch required Inner Outer
(inner) (inner) (outer)
r1 r2
2
m m m m m m m m m m m m m
4.500 0.600 3.900 0.150 4.200 4.250 4.500 9.360 4.200 2.125 14.012 10.460 11.206
5.000 0.600 4.400 0.150 4.700 4.500 5.000 10.56 4.700 2.250 16.603 11.580 12.325
5.500 0.600 4.900 0.150 5.200 4.750 5.500 11.76 5.200 2.375 19.390 12.704 13.449
6.000 0.600 5.400 0.150 5.700 5.000 6.000 12.96 5.700 2.500 22.373 13.832 14.577
6.500 0.600 5.900 0.150 6.200 5.250 6.500 14.16 6.200 2.625 25.552 14.963 15.707
Standard plate of fixed sizes
a= 600 mm
b= 400 mm
Special Plate c =

Inner chord plate required

Span Pier Clear Base of Base of Chord Plate A Proposed a Balance Proposed a Proposed balanced Special Final
width Span arch outer Inner length b length plate
profile length

m m m m m m
4.500 0.600 3.900 4.200 4.500 10.460 17.410 16.000 85.090 1.000 3.000 1.097 1.097 17a+3b
5.000 0.600 4.400 4.700 5.000 11.580 19.280 18.000 76.96 1.000 2.000 0.963 0.963 19a+2b
5.500 0.600 4.900 5.200 5.500 12.704 21.154 20.000 69.286 1.000 1.000 1.286 1.286 21a+1b
6.000 0.600 5.400 5.700 6.000 13.832 23.030 22.000 61.956 1.000 0.000 1.956 1.956 23a
6.500 0.600 5.900 6.200 6.500 14.963 24.910 24.000 54.894 0.000 6.000 6.894 6.894 24+6b

Ourer chord plate required

Span Pier Clear Base of Base of Chord Plate A Proposed A Balance proposed a proposed Special Final
width Span arch outer outer length b plate
profile length

m m m m m m m m
4.500 0.600 3.900 4.200 4.500 11.206 18.530 18.000 32.154 0.000 4.000 1.097 18a+4b
5.000 0.600 4.400 4.700 5.000 12.325 12.243 20.000 24.310 0.000 3.000 0.963 20a+3b
5.500 0.600 4.900 5.200 5.500 13.449 13.368 22.000 16.852 0.000 2.000 1.286 22a+2b
6.000 0.600 5.400 5.700 6.000 14.577 14.496 24.000 9.690 0.000 1.000 1.956 24a+1b
6.500 0.600 5.900 6.200 6.500 15.707 15.627 26.000 2.760 0.000 0.000 6.894 26a
 To decide the shape of formwork suitable for precast and cast in situ construction

Equation of ellipse
r1 Rise / Height
2 2
𝑥 𝑦
+ =1
𝑎2 𝑏 2

Area of semi-elipse r2 Base / Span

𝜋𝑟1𝑟2
𝐴= r1 = Rise / Height
2
r2 = Base / Span

Perimeter of semi-elipse

𝑟1 2 + 𝑟2 2
𝑃=𝜋
2

Assumption for precast:

1 One shape which common for all spans for 4.5m to 6.5m span
2 Finalise shape for 5m span
3 For span exceeding 5m span to be selected last piece of says 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 m can be added.
4 There will be 6 pieces & additional some piece in centre for 4.5 m profile taken for 5m to be selected & last piece reduced
and while joining it will be rotated to get required base.
5 Plan of ellipse shall be 1.5 times the area of flow occupied by permenanat storage
6 Span means centre to centre distance between piers
 7 Pier width 0.6 m
8 Clear Span Span - pier width
9 Storage height 2.4 m
10 Arch thickness 0.125 m
11 Outer profile of arch would natch centre line of pier i.e. with span
12 Base of arch Span - 2 times arch thickness
13 Clear opening of bridge Span - pier width
14 Plan area of ellipse shall be 1.5 times the area of flow occupied by permenanat storage

Span Pier Clear Base of Arch Base of Water way Arch base Arch height Area Central Additional
width Span arch Inner height arch required piece area due to
Outer central piece

a = r1 b= r2
m m m m m m m m m m2
5.000 0.600 4.400 4.750 4.650 5.000 10.560 4.750 2.325 17.339 0.000 0.000
5.500 0.600 4.900 5.250 4.650 5.500 11.76 5.250 2.325 19.164 0.5 2.325
6.000 0.600 5.400 5.750 4.650 6.000 12.96 5.750 2.325 20.989 1 4.65
6.500 0.600 5.900 6.250 4.650 6.500 14.16 6.250 2.325 22.814 1.5 6.975