▪ Progressive movement took place in

the late 1800s and early 1900s

▪ Key Issues
▪ Poverty
▪ Unfair business practices
▪ Women’s rights
▪ Racial discrimination
▪ Published photos of horrible
living conditions and wrote about
unfair treatment
▪ The heart of the movement was
about Self-Reliance, not being
dependent on anyone else.
▪ To be self reliant, black people
needed the same educational
and economic opportunities
that whites enjoyed.
 Vocal black progressive

Born a slave in 1856 in Virginia to a

black mother and a white father

His dream was to learn to read and

write, he went to a black school
BOOKER
T. WASHINGTON At age 16 he went to the Hampton
Institute in Virginia

After Graduation he got a job as a

teacher.
On September 18, 1895 Washington gave his famous
speech “Learn a Trade” and “Cast down your Bucket”

Atlanta Compromise declared blacks and whites had

to work together to achieve racial equality; tolerance
could not be forced.

Booker T. Washington opened the Tuskegee Institute in

1881

• Started as a run down plantation, built up to be the primer institution

for higher education.
• Trained teachers and taught poor blacks trades
• Transitioned from a vocational school to a traditional school
• Now known as Tuskegee University

Many Wealthy northerners (John D. Rockefeller)

donated money to open schools in the south.
▪ W.E.B. Du Bois was an economics professor
at Atlanta University
▪ Born to free parents in Massachusetts
▪ Feared that if they waited for equality, it
would never come.
▪ Du Bois believed that the black middle class
was the only group with the resources,
material and mental, to pull the working
class out of poverty.
▪ Talented Tenth: young black people with the
most potential for leadership
▪ Led by W.E.B. Du Bois
▪ Wanted to give blacks
▪ The right to vote
▪ Civic Equality
▪ And the education of
youth
 Booker T. Washington started
the first successful National
Black Business Association;
National Negro Business
League
• Urged black people start as
many businesses as possible.
National Urban League: help
Three organizations joined
African Americans in cities
forces to create National Urban
make progress in all walks of
League.
life.
• Helped southern blacks
arriving in the north adjust
• Made training programs to
help people progress beyond
unskilled jobs.
 Founded by W.E.B. Du
National Association for
Bois’ Niagara Movement
the Advancement of
and white reformers
Colored People
combined.

W.E.B. Du Bois started a NAACP had attorneys

magazine The Crisis to that battled injustices in
spread the message. the court system.
 Grandfather clauses in Oklahoma were
Guinn v. United States (1915) illegal

In Louisville, Kentucky it became illegal

Buchanan v. Warley (1917) to force black people live in certain
sections of town.

5 black men convicted of murder were

given a new trial because their rights
Moore v. Dempsey (1923) were violated when public pressure
influenced the judge and jury.
National Labor Union
created to fight for Colored National Labor Knights of Labor –
workers rights in 1866 Union CNLU – did not allowed both whites
• would not allow blacks in but last long. and blacks
encourages them to create
separate local chapters

Some black citizens felt

American Federation of Congress of Industrial Republicans took their
Labor – allowed few Organizations first support for granted and
blacks major integrated union. left for Democrats…
Most stayed.