Least Learned Competency:

Applying ray diagramming techniques in describing

the characteristics and positions of images formed by lenses.

Code: S10FE-IIg-51
Week: 5

MARIE JOY M. CAMBE

SST-I
Dumalinao National High School
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• Title page …………1
• Table of Contents…2
•Objectives…………3
• Guide Card………4
• Activity Card……8
• Asessment Card…11
• Enrichment Card…15
• Answer Card……18
• Reference Card…19

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Least Learned Competency:
Applying ray diagramming techniques in describing
the characteristics and positions of images formed by lenses

Code: S10FE-IIg-51

Specific objective:
 Differentiate a converging from a diverging lens.
 Draw ray diagrams for locating the image formed by a lens.
 Describe the types of image formed by a converging lens and a
diverging lens

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 The purpose of Strategic Intervention Material (SIM)
this learning package is intended to supplement your
classroom learning while working independently. The
activities and exercises will widen your understanding
of the different concepts you should learn.

How to use this Strategic Intervention Material (SIM)?

 Keep this material neat and clean.

 Thoroughly read every page
 Follow carefully all instructions indicated in every activity.
 Answer all questions independently and honestly.
 Write all your answers on a sheet of paper.
 Be sure to compare your answers to the ANSWER CARD
/KEY TO CORRECTIONS only after you have answered the
given tasks.
 If you have questions or clarifications ask your teacher

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Hello! My name is Alexis Joy. You can call me Aj for short. Today let us do some awesome
activities that involve the spectacular world of LENSES and we also include the amazing
RAY DIAGRAM. Don’t forget to bring your notebook as your answer sheets ,pencil or
ballpen and ruler.

So let’s begin with some facts.

 Lenses are specially shaped pieces of glass

or transparent plastic that bend the light
travelling through them. Lenses which are
thicker in the middle than at the edges are
called CONVEX LENSES. Lenses which are
thinner in the middle than at the edges are
called CONCAVE LENSES (i.e. they cave in!).
They both bend light as it passes through
them. Convex lenses converge light that
passes through them. Concave lenses diverge
light that passes through them.

 A ray diagram is a representation of the

possible paths light can take to get from one
place to another. A sharp real image (an
image that can be displayed on a screen) is
formed when all rays from one point on an
object arrive at a unique point on the image.

 An image that is real is always inverted!

 An image that is virtual is always upright!

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Ray Method of Image Formation in Lenses
Lenses form images by refraction. To locate the image, use the following rays coming from point A on
the object:
• Ray 1 is an incident ray parallel to the principal axis and is refracted through the focus.
• Ray 2 is an incident ray along the secondary axis which is not appreciably refracted as it passes
through the optical center (O) of the lens.

Ray Diagrams for Convex Lenses

For an object outside the focal

point, a real inverted image will
be formed.

For an object inside the

focal point, a virtual erect
image will be formed.

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 Ray Diagrams for Concave Lenses
The ray diagrams for concave lenses inside and outside the focal point give similar results: an
erect virtual image smaller than the object. The image is always formed inside the focal length of
the lens.

Please check the

student’s notes.

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 LOOKING THROUGH LENSES
Direction: Read and answer the following activity about lenses. Ask assistance from your
teacher for the materials needed in this activity. Write your answers on your notebook.

A. INVESTIGATING CONVEX LENSES

A: Near: Hold the lens close to some print, e.g. a book or newspaper. What do you
see?(A.1)_______________
Now look at your friend’s eye through the convex lens. What do you notice?
(A.2)_____________________
B: Further away: Now hold the convex lens further away from you (at arm’s length)
and look at something in the distance. What do you notice?
(A.3)___________________

B. INVESTIGATING CONCAVE LENSES

A: Near: Hold the lens in front of some print. What do you see?
(B.1) ___________________
B: Further away: Now hold the concave lens further away from you and look at
something in the distance. What do you see? (B.2)______________________

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 CONVEX

CONCAVE

7. 8.

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 STAY FOCUSED!
A. Directions: Draw four rays and locate the focus of the concave and convex lenses.

B. MATCH THE LENS. Match column A to column B. Write your answer on the space before the number.

_____1.

_____2.

_____3.

_____4.

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 FIND ME L-E-N-S!

8 4

6 1

10 11

5 10

Across
1.Orientation of the image is opposite of inverted
3. lens which causes incident parallel rays to diverge at a point
5. a ray method used to construct, locate and describe the images
formed at different positions of the object from the lens.
Down
2. Orientation of the image is the opposite of upright
4. For an object inside the focal point, a virtual erect image will be
formed.
6. lens causes the parallel rays of light to diverge from a point

7. For an object outside the focal point, a real inverted image will be 8. another term for convex lens
formed.
9. an illusion created by light 10. another term for concave lens
11. a piece of transparent material of which one or both sides
are spherical

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 TEST ME L-E-N-S!
A. Analogy : The first two given words are related to each other in some way. Select the letter that
corresponds to the word that is clearly related to the third word. Write the letter of the best answer on
the space provided before the number.
_____1. mirrors: reflection; lenses:__________
a. diffraction b. diffusion c. interference d. refraction
_____2. farsightedness : convex lens ; nearsightedness : ___________
a. concave lens b. concave mirror c. converging mirror d. converging lens
_____3. concave lens: virtual; convex lens: _________
a. fake b. digital c. real d. holocaust
_____4. convex lens: outward ; concave: _________
a. inward b. outward c. sideward d. upward

TRUE/FALSE. Write T if the statement is true and F if it is false.

_____5. Concave lens curves outward from the edges toward the center
_____6. The principal axis is a vertical line drawn through the center of the lens.
_____7. The converging lens formed no image if the object was located at F.
_____8. In diverging lens the size of the image is always reduced.
For numbers 9-10 Match the image to the name
A . B

____9. Convex lens

___10. Concave lens

Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write your answer on the space provided before
the number.
___11. The point where the rays meet is known as
a. curvature b. focal point c. refraction d. lens plane
___12. An image that you can see, but does not really exist is called which of the following?
a. real image b. fake image c. virtual image d. digital image
___ 13. An object located on 2F of a converging lens will always appear
a. upright b. smaller c. same size d. larger
___14. In a diverging lens the type of image form will always
a. real b. virtual c. fake d. digital
___15. If the object is located between 2F and F, the orientation of the image is
a. inverted b. upright c. magnified d. reduced

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 ARE YOU L-O-S-T AFTER REFRACTION?
Direction: Construct ray diagrams for lenses. Determine graphically the location, orientation, size, and
type of image formed. Write your location, orientation, size and type of image on the table.

CONVEX LENS
a. b.

c. d.

e.

CONCAVE LENS

f. g.

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 Image
Location Orientation Size (same, Type
Location of Object
Orientation (upright or reduced or (real or
inverted) enlarged) virtual)
CONVEX LENS
A. Beyond 2F’

B. At 2F’

C. Between 2F’ and F’

D. At the Focal point, F’

E. Between F’ and V

CONCAVE LENS
F. At 2F’

G. At the Focal point, F’

H. Between F’ and V

.
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 FAST TALK ABOUT LENS

QUESTIONS:

Let’s have a fast talk to test if you

really understand the concepts
about converging and diverging
lenses. You will be given 7
questions to answer in 1 minute.
Get a partner to questions you and
rate yourself after the activity.
Remember:ifHonesty is the best
policy! Good luck!!
.
1. What is a concave lens?
2. What is a convex lens?
3. Why is ray diagram important?
4. Describe the image form by diverging lens.
5 .Describe the image formed by converging lens
the object located at F.
6. An image that is real is always _______
7. An image that is virtual is always _______

Number of
questions Rating Equivalent
answered in 1 points
minute
6-7 Outstanding 20

4-5 Very satisfactory `15

2-3 Satisfactory 10

0-1 Needs 5
improvement

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 FINALLY…WE COME TO OUR LENSES!
RAY DIAGRAMS FOR CONVERGING LENS

Directions: For the following lenses and corresponding object positions, construct ray diagrams. Then describe the
Location of the image, Orientation(upright or inverted) of the image, the relative Size of the image (larger or
smaller than object), and the Type of image (real or virtual) write the location on the blank and encircle the correct
orientation, size and type of image.

Note: 1. All light rays have arrowheads which indicate the direction of travel of the ray.
2. Always draw in the image once located (an arrow is a good representation).
3. Exactness counts. Use a straight edge and be accurate.

Case 1: If the object is located beyond 2F:

Description of the Image:

Location:________________________________
O: Upright or Inverted S: Magnified or Reduced T: Real or Virtual

Case 2: If the object is located at 2F:

Description of the Image:

Location:________________________________
O: Upright or Inverted S: Magnified or Reduced T: Real or Virtual

Case 3: If the object is located between 2F and F:

Description of the Image:

Location:________________________________
O: Upright or Inverted S: Magnified or Reduced T: Real or Virtual

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Case 4 : If the object is located at F:

Description of the Image:

Location:________________________________
O: Upright or Inverted S: Magnified or Reduced T: Real or Virtual

Case 5: If the object is located between F and the lens:

Description of the Image:

Location:________________________________
O: Upright or Inverted S: Magnified or Reduced T: Real or Virtual

RAY DIAGRAMS FOR DIVERGING LENS

Case 1: If the object is located far away from the lens:

Description of the Image:

Location:________________________________
O: Upright or Inverted S: Magnified or Reduced T: Real or Virtual
Case 2: If the object is located nearby the lens:

Description of the Image:

Location:________________________________
O: Upright or Inverted S: Magnified or Reduced T: Real or Virtual

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Activity no.1 Looking through lenses, page 8
1. INVESTIGATING CONVEX LENSES (The image is large and right
way up). (The image is upside down).
2. INVESTIGATING CONCAVE LENSES (The image is smaller and
right way up) (The image is still smaller and right way up).
Activity no.2 Convex or Concave Lens? ,page 9 Activity no.1 Find me l-e-n-s, page 11
Convex 1. inverted 2. Upright
Meaning: lens which merges the light rays at a particular point that travels 3. convex 4. Virtual
through it. Curved: Outward 5. ray diagram 6. Concave
7. real 8. Converging
9. image 10. Focal point
Figure Light Converges 11. lens
Concave
Meaning: lens which disperses the light rays around that hits the lens Activity no.2 Test me lens!, page 12
A. 1. d 2. a 3. c 4. A
B. 5. F 6.F 7. T 8. T
Figure Curved: Inward D. 9. B 10. A
Light Diverges E. 11.b 12.c 13.c 14.b 15.
Activity no.3 Stay Focused!,page 10

B. 1. b. 2. d 3. c 4. a

Activity no.3 Are you L-O-S-T after refraction?, page 13

CONVEX LENS

a. b. c. d. e.

CONCAVE LENS

f. g. h.

Image
Location Orientation Orientation Size (same, Type
Location of Object (upright or reduced or (real or virtual)
inverted) enlarged)
CONVEX LENS Between Inverted Reduced Real
A. Beyond 2F’ F and 2F
B. At 2F’ At 2F Inverted Same Real
C. Between 2F’ and F’ Beyond 2F Inverted Enlarged Real

D. At the Focal point, F’ No image formed

E. Between F’ and V Beyond 2F’ Upright Enlarged Virtual

CONCAVE LENS Between Upright Reduced Virtual

F. At 2F’ F and V
G. At the Focal point, F’ Between Upright Reduced Virtual
F and V
H. Between F’ and V Between Upright Reduced Virtual
F and V
Activity no.1 Fast talk, page 15 Activity no.2 Finally…we come to our lenses, page 16
1. Concave lens is a lens which disperses the light rays around that hits the lens. Converging lens
2. Convex lens is a lens which merges the light rays at a particular point that travels Case 1: between F and 2F, inverted, reduced, real
through it. Case 2:at 2F, inverted, same size ,real
3. A ray diagram is a representation of the possible paths light can take to get from one Case 3:behind 2F,inverted,mgnified,real
place to another. Case 4:no image formed
4. The image formed by a converging lens is upright, reduced and virtual. Case 5:between 2F and F, upright, magnified, virtual
5. No image formed by a converging lens if the object located at F. Diverging lens
6. An image that is real is always inverted. Case 1:infront of F, upright, reduced, virtual
7. an image that is virtual is always upright. Case 2: infront of F, upright, reduced, virtual

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Websites: http://www.kidsastronomy.com/telescopes.htm,
https://www.exploratorium.edu/science_explorer/pictures_from_light.html

Printed Materials:
Belen, J.G., A.I Yap, E.B Ogena, and A.I Yap. Addressing Misconceptions in
Mathematics and Science. Quezon City: NISMED UP Diliman and
DOST-SEI.

Padua, Alicia, and Ricardo Crisostomo. Laboratory Manual and Workbook in

Physics. Vibal Publishing House, Inc., 2011.

Shipman, James, Jerry Wilson, and Charles Higgins, Jr. An Introduction

to Physical Science. Pasig City: Cengage Learning Asia Pte Ltd
(Philippine Branch), 2013.

Science and Technology Textbook for Fourth Year, Revised Edition, 2004,
SEMP

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ANSWER SHEET
Name: _____________________________ Score: _________ Grade & Section: ____________________
Date: __________ School: ____________________________

SIM Title:

ACTIVITY 1 B:(A.3)___________________
B. INVESTIGATING CONCAVE
A. INVESTIGATING CONVEX LENSES
A: (B.1) ___________________
LENSES
B: (B.2)______________________
A.1)_______________
(A.2)_____________________
ACTIVITY 2

CONVEX CONCAVE

ACTIVITY 3

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 b. 1. __ 2. ___ 3. ___ 4. ____ 5.____

ASESSMENT 1

2
8 4
6 1

10 11
3
5 10

ASESSMENT 2
1. 6. 11.
2. 7. 12.
3. 8. 13.
4. 9. 14.
5. 10. 15.

CONVEX LENS
a. b.

c. d.

e.

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CONCAVE LENS

f. g.

Image
Location Orientation Size (same, Type
Location of Object Orientation (upright or reduced or (real or virtual)
inverted) enlarged)
CONVEX LENS
A. Beyond 2F’
B. At 2F’
C. Between 2F’ and F’
D. At the Focal point, F’
E. Between F’ and V
CONCAVE LENS
F. At 2F’
G. At the Focal point, F’
H. Between F’ and V

ENRICHMENT 1 RATING_______
ENRICHMENT 2
Case 1: If the object is located beyond 2F:

Description of the Image:

Location:________________________________
O: Upright or Inverted S: Magnified or Reduced T: Real or Virtual

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Case 2: If the object is located at 2F: RAY DIAGRAMS FOR DIVERGING LENS

Case 1: If the object is located far away from the

lens:

Description of the Image:

Location:________________________________
O: Upright or Inverted S: Magnified or Reduced
T: Real or Virtual
Description of the Image:
Case 3: If the object is located between 2F and Location:________________________________
F: O: Upright or Inverted S: Magnified or Reduced
T: Real or Virtual
Case 2: If the object is located nearby the lens:

Description of the Image:

Location:_______________________________
O: Upright or Inverted
T: Real or Virtual
Case 4 : If the object is located at F:
S: Magnified or Reduced
Description of the Image:
Location:________________________________
O: Upright or Inverted S: Magnified or Reduced
T: Real or Virtual

Description of the Image:

Location:________________________________
O: Upright or Inverted S: Magnified or Reduced
T: Real or Virtual

Case 5: If the object is located between F and

the lens:

Description of the Image:

Location:________________________________
O: Upright or Inverted S: Magnified or Reduced
T: Real or Virtual

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