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ZARAGOZA NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
San Rafael, Zaragoza, Nueva Ecija

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
CHAPTER I
PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING
“Technology is a useful servant but a dangerous master.”
Christian Lous Lange
INTRODUCTION
Information and Communications Technology (ICT) has an
important role in the world since we are now in the information
age era. With ICT, the company can make the business easier to
happen with the client, supplier and distributor. It is also
very important in our daily lives. The lack of appropriate
information at the right time will result in low productivity,
low quality research works and waste of time to pursue
information and even to do research which actually others had
done or in other countries. Nowadays ICT cannot be separated
with our daily needs.
ICT has a great impact in our daily lives. For
example, we can read our local newspaper using the online
newspaper. Another example is we still can get connected with
our family, relatives or colleagues even if we are abroad by
ICT LABORATORY FACILITIES’ ACCESS IN ZARAGOZA NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL AS PERCEIVED BY GRADE
10-LEARNERS OF SCHOOL YEAR 2018-2019 |1
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
using the electronic mail, yahoo messenger, call conference or
video conference. (PC DREAMS, 2016).
According to (Jo Shan Fu, 2013) ICT includes
computers, the internet and electronic delivery systems such as
radios, television and projectors among others and widely used
today’s education fields. Kent and Facer (2004) indicate that
school is an important environment in which students participate
in a wide range of computer activities, while the home serves as
a complimentary site for regular engagement in a narrower set of
computer activities. Increasingly, ICT is being applied
successfully in instruction, learning and assessment.
ICT is considered a powerful tool for education
changes and reform. A number of previous studies have shown that
an appropriate use of ICT can raise educational quality and
connect learning to real life situations (Lowther, et al. 2008;
Weert and Tatnall 2005). As Weert and Tatnall (2005) have
pointed out, learning is an on-going lifelong activity learners
change their expectations by seeking knowledge, which departs
from traditional approaches. As time goes by, they will have to
expect and be willing to seek out new sources of knowledge.
Skills in using ICT will be an indispensable prerequisite for
these learners.
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
ICT tends to expand access to education. Trough ICT,
learning can occur anytime and anywhere. Online course
materials, for example, can be accessible 24 hours a day, 7 days
a week. Teleconferencing classrooms allow both learner and
teacher to interact simultaneously with ease and convenience.
Based on ICT, learning and teaching no longer depend exclusively
on printed materials. Since learners are actively involved in
the learning processes in ICT classrooms, they are authorized by
the teacher to make decisions, plans and so forth (Lu, Hou and
Huang 2010). ICT therefore provides both learners and
instructors with more educational affordances and possibilities.
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
This study aims to determine the perceptions of Grade
10-learners on ICT laboratory access in Zaragoza National High
School.
Specifically; it aims to answer the following
questions;
1. How may the socio-demographic profile of the respondents be
described in terms of;
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
1.1 Name
1.2 Age
1.3 Sex
1.4 Section
1.5 Grade in ICT subject
2. How may the student’s perceptions on ICT laboratory access be
described in terms of;
2.1 Access and Use
2.2 Opportunities and Capabilities
2.3 Internet Access
2.3.1 In-class use
2.3.2 Outside of class
2.4 Lack of Infrastructure
3. How may the factors influencing the students skill on ICT
laboratory access be described in terms of;
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
3.1 Social Issues
3.1.1 Lack of motivation
3.1.2 Lack of knowledge
4. What action plan should use to improve the regulations of the
ICT laboratory access?
SCOPE AND DELIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY
This study aims to determine the perceptions of grade
10-learners on ICT laboratory access in Zaragoza National High
School. The aspects that will be studied from the respondents
are their name, age, sex, section and grade in ICT subject. This
study will be conducted in year 2018-2019.
The variables that cannot be controlled by the
researchers are the different perceptions of the respondents and
lack of motivation and knowledge towards ICT laboratory access.
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
This study entitled “ICT Laboratory Facilities Access
in Zaragoza National High School as perceived by Grade 10-
Learners of School Year 2018-2019.” We the researchers will go
to examine this study to determine the perceptions of Grade 10-
Learners on ICT Laboratory Access in Zaragoza National High
School, School Year 2018-2019.
According to Erwin Alampay, The world is said to have
entered the age when information is central to technology,
economy, work, space, and culture. Thus, with the advent of the
information age, people argue that an information society is at
hand (Webster 2002). One concern regarding this development is
how to make it more inclusive. However, these development
perspectives have been questioned. The dependency paradigm, in
particular, holds the view that development in one country
implies underdevelopment in another, and that this is implicit
in the nature of capitalism (Nulens 2000).
This has also led others to question the type of
‘development’ governments aspire for, especially since
modernization is a Western concept. Other nations then have to
clarify their position with respect to these development
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
perspectives (Volkow 1995). This also extends to the need to
clarify the role of ICTs in development, since ICT-use are also
value-laden, cultural and contextual (Nulens 2000, Soeftestad &
Sein 2003, Pertierra 2006).
The information and communication technology (ICT) has
become an important source of innovation and improvement of
efficiency for many sectors across the globe. In the education
sector, particularly, the application of ICT has become a
critical part of the learning process for the students both
outside and inside the classroom setting. The government and
other stakeholders in the education sector such as university
management and researchers have invested millions of dollars to
adopt ICT in the education system during the last two decades.
Most universities that have fully adopted ICT have recorded
immense advancement in the application of ICT for the
improvement of learning methods, teaching, research, and
development. It is, however, not clear what impact the ICT
applications have on the performance and achievement of
students.
The students’ academic performance refers to the
enhancement of the students’ current state of knowledge and
skills reflected in their GPA and also in the formulation of
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
their personality and academic growth from lower levels of study
to higher levels. The rationale of studying academic performance
in the context of ICT adoption is to present a significant
relationship that exists between the two variables. Numerous
studies have been undertaken to investigate the relationship
between ICT and students’ performance; however, these studies
have not been able to establish precisely the impact of ICT on
students’ performance. These studies have posed two core
challenges: first, it is difficult to determine the performance
of students since the common approach used by many researchers
accredits the curriculum responsible for the performance
achievement in terms of grade.
The adoption and use of ICT to enhance and facilitate
KM has brought to focus the urgent need to come out with new
methods, tools and techniques in the development of KM systems
frameworks, knowledge processes and knowledge technologies to
promote effective management of knowledge for improved service
deliveries in higher education. To succeed in KM, higher
education institutions must endeavour to effectively link KM
initiatives and processes with their ever-changing needs to
advance their goals. Addressing these challenges call for a new
conceptual framework and expanded research agenda to ensure
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
success in the utilization of ICT in KM. it is according to
Walter Omona, Theo van der Weide and Jude Lubega.
The student’s perceptions on ICT Laboratory Access are
described in terms of the following; (1) Access and Use. Access
means an individual could utilize an ICT because it is
available, but may not necessarily be doing so; and Use means a
person is actually utilizing an ICT. (2) Opportunities and
Capabilities. Student’s real opportunities for using ICTs are
dependent on the infrastructure and means of access that are
available in the School they belong to. However, even if ICTs
are available, it does not necessarily mean students use them
just as it may happen that students are capable of
using an ICT even though they have no access to them. The
capability to use different ICTs was measured according
to two dimensions: first was the actual capability to
use an ICT and second was how they were able to access the
technology. (3) Internet Access. The use of Internet in the
academic life is depending on the students’ perception. Their
perception of Internet also determines the importance of
Internet and how often they access it to obtain information from
which they are able to complete their academic tasks. Moreover,
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
their perception of Internet is essential to expand their
knowledge. The students who have positive perception towards the
use of Internet tend to use it as the source of information. In
other words, those who have skills to operate ICT are able to
win the job competition because they are capable of gaining much
information of vacancies. (4) Lack of Infrastructures. The basic
physical and organizational structures and facilities (e.g.
buildings, roads, and power supplies) needed for the operation
of a society or enterprise. Some schools have not enough space
to build an ICT laboratory that’s why students are not able to
access on it, so it may affects the academic performance of the
students.
The aspects that the researcher will seek in this
study are the names (optional), age, sex, section, and grade in
ICT Subject of the respondents.
The data gathered can use to seek the perception of
the Grade 10-Learners of Zaragoza National High School on ICT
laboratory access. The result can use to help Grade 10-learners
to perceive the laboratory access.
10-LEARNERS OF SCHOOL YEAR 2018-2019 | 10
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
RESEARCH PARADIGM
1. Profile of the respondents
 Name
 Age
 Sex
 Section
INPUT  Grade in ICT subject
2. Perceptions in ICT laboratory

access
 Access and Use

 Opportunities and Capabilities
 Internet access
 Lack of infrastructure
Survey
 Questionnaire
PROCESS  Interview
Research Analysis
1. Identified profile of the respondents
2. Identified perceptions
OUTPUT
To improve the ICT laboratory access.

ACTION
PLAN
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The result of this study will be valuable and
significant to the following:
To the researchers – this study will help the
researcher to determine the perceptions of grade 10-learners
about the ICT laboratory access. In addition, it will help them
to explain, elaborate, and transform the learned concepts and
competencies of things that will be instrumental in achieving a
more qualitative life of bringing positive changes in society.
To the learners – this study will help the learners to
express their perception about ICT laboratory access and to have
an opportunity for full access on ICT laboratory.
To the teachers - this study will help the teachers to
know the possible effects of ICT laboratory Facilities’ Access
to their students and finding ways to help the learners to have
an opportunity for full Access in Laboratory Facilities.
To the school – this study will help the school in
finding ways to help the grade 10-Learners to perceive full
access in ICT laboratory.
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
To the future researcher – this study will help the
future researcher to shape and enhance the document information.
In addition, this will serve as their reference and basis that
they will conduct regarding the ICT laboratory facilities
access.
DEFINITION OF TERMS
ICT Access – freedom or ability to obtain or make use
of Information and Communication Technology (ICT)
ICT Laboratory Facilities – an ICT laboratory is a
space where computer services are provided and defined in
community. It is a valuable tool to enhance the learning
experience and accessing resources.
ICT Learners – an ICT learner is someone who is
learning about ICT or how to do something.
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
CHAPTER II
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
RESEARCH DESIGN
This study entitled “ICT Laboratory Facilities’ Access
in Zaragoza National High School as perceived by Grade 10-
learners of School year 2018-2019”.
This research study will be using a descriptive
method. According to (WIKIPEDIA) a descriptive method is used to
describe characteristics of a population or phenomenon being
studied. It does not answer questions about how, when, why the
characteristics occurred, rather it addresses the “what”
question.
SAMPLING PROCEDURE
In conducting this research study, the researcher will
be using purposive sampling technique in order to determine the
respondents. According to (ASHLEY CROSSMAN, 2018) a purposive
sample is a non-probability sample that is selected based on
characteristics of a population and the objective of the study.
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Purposive sampling is also known as judgemental, selective, or
subjective sampling. It can be very useful in situations when
you need to reach a targeted sample quickly and where sampling
for proportionality is not the main concern.
RESPONDENTS
The respondents of this study will be taken from
Zaragoza National High School combined with grade 10-learners
which has a population of 10 respondents. The researcher will be
gathered 10 students as the respondents that will share their
perceptions about ICT laboratory access.
DATA GATHERING PROCEDURE
In order to get data from the respondents, the
researchers will be using surveys, questionnaires and interviews
in order to identify the profile variables and the perceptions
of the respondents. Apt to the data gathering, the data will be
undergoing an analysis.
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
MAP LOCALE
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
RESEARCH LOCALE
This research study will be conducted at Junior High
School specifically on Grade 10-learners here in Zaragoza
National High School the secondary school located at Barangay
San Rafael, Zaragoza Nueva Ecija.
This school was established on the month of July 1,
1947. Through the effort of the town’s senior citizens at the
time with the idealism of the group of entrepreneurial,
determined and dedicated civic leaders. Through the passing
years, the Zaragoza National High School continuously improves
itself to better serve its stakeholders.
For the school year 2018-2019, Zaragoza National High
School have the total of 2,072 enrolees from Grade 7 to Grade 10
(Sultora, 2018) and the Senior High School students have total
of 897 enrolees from Grade 11 to Grade 12 (Faith, 2018).
The Zaragoza National High School (ZNHS) has been
sharing wisdom to the students for almost 71 years from now and
it’s also build up the skills of the future leaders both
academics and non-academics performance. This school is very
competitive in contest both academics and in sports performance
and in other aspects of performance skill.

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ZARAGOZA NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

San Rafael, Zaragoza, Nueva Ecija

PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING

“Technology is a useful servant but a dangerous master.”

Christian Lous Lange

Information and Communications Technology (ICT) has an

important role in the world since we are now in the information

happen with the client, supplier and distributor. It is also

very important in our daily lives. The lack of appropriate

information at the right time will result in low productivity,

low quality research works and waste of time to pursue

information and even to do research which actually others had

done or in other countries. Nowadays ICT cannot be separated

with our daily needs.

ICT has a great impact in our daily lives. For

example, we can read our local newspaper using the online

newspaper. Another example is we still can get connected with

our family, relatives or colleagues even if we are abroad by

using the electronic mail, yahoo messenger, call conference or

video conference. (PC DREAMS, 2016).

According to (Jo Shan Fu, 2013) ICT includes

computers, the internet and electronic delivery systems such as

radios, television and projectors among others and widely used

today’s education fields. Kent and Facer (2004) indicate that

school is an important environment in which students participate

in a wide range of computer activities, while the home serves as

a complimentary site for regular engagement in a narrower set of

computer activities. Increasingly, ICT is being applied

successfully in instruction, learning and assessment.

ICT is considered a powerful tool for education

changes and reform. A number of previous studies have shown that

an appropriate use of ICT can raise educational quality and

connect learning to real life situations (Lowther, et al. 2008;

Weert and Tatnall 2005). As Weert and Tatnall (2005) have

pointed out, learning is an on-going lifelong activity learners

change their expectations by seeking knowledge, which departs

from traditional approaches. As time goes by, they will have to

expect and be willing to seek out new sources of knowledge.

Skills in using ICT will be an indispensable prerequisite for

ICT tends to expand access to education. Trough ICT,

learning can occur anytime and anywhere. Online course

materials, for example, can be accessible 24 hours a day, 7 days

a week. Teleconferencing classrooms allow both learner and

teacher to interact simultaneously with ease and convenience.

Based on ICT, learning and teaching no longer depend exclusively

on printed materials. Since learners are actively involved in

the learning processes in ICT classrooms, they are authorized by

Huang 2010). ICT therefore provides both learners and

instructors with more educational affordances and possibilities.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

This study aims to determine the perceptions of Grade

10-learners on ICT laboratory access in Zaragoza National High

Specifically; it aims to answer the following

1. How may the socio-demographic profile of the respondents be

described in terms of;

1.5 Grade in ICT subject

2. How may the student’s perceptions on ICT laboratory access be

described in terms of;

2.1 Access and Use

2.2 Opportunities and Capabilities

2.3 Internet Access

2.3.1 In-class use

2.3.2 Outside of class

2.4 Lack of Infrastructure