MAYOOR SCHOOL, NOIDA

HALF YEARLY EXAM (2019-20)

POLITICAL SCIENCE

CLASS-XI

SET B(Marking Scheme)

TIME: 3 Hour M.M: 80

Date:
1. Who was the chairman of the drafting committee of the constituent assembly 1
of India?

B.R Ambedker

2. Define Socialism? 1

Socialism refers to a set of political ideas that emerged as a response to the

inequalities present in, and reproduced by, the industrial capitalist economy.
The main concern of Socialism is how to minimise existing inequality and
distribute resources justly.

3. What is the significance of the 42nd Amendment of the Indian constitution? 1

In 1976, the 42nd amendment to the Constitution was passed. Among other
things, this amendment inserted a list of Fundamental Duties of Citizens. In all,
ten duties were enumerated. However, the Constitution does not say anything
about enforcing these duties.
4. Who wrote ‘Freedom from Fear’? 1

Aung San Suu Kyi

5. What is Indirect Democracy? 1

an arrangement citizens choose their representatives who, in turn, are actively

involved in governing and administering the country. The method
followed to choose these representatives is referred to as an election.
6. Name the essay written by John Stuart Mill. 1

On liberty

7. Which enabling provision is part of the Indonesian constitution? 1

In the case of Indonesia also, the government

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 is enjoined to establish and conduct national
education system. The Indonesian Constitution
ensures that the poor and destitute children
will be looked after by the government

8. ‘I disapprove of what you say but I will defend to death your right to say it’. 1
Which political thinker gave this statement?

Voltaire

9. Define ‘Bills of Rights. 1

A democracy must ensure that individuals have certain rights and that the
government will always recognise these rights. Therefore it is often a practice
in most democratic countries to list the rights of the citizens in the constitution
itself. Such a list of rights mentioned and protected by the constitution is called
the ‘bill of rights’. A bill of rights prohibits government from thus acting against
the rights of the individuals and ensures a remedy in case there is violation of
these rights.
10. When was the ‘Right to Property’ taken away from the list of fundamental 1
rights?

1973

11. What does article 16(4) of the Indian constitution states? 1

Nothing in this article shall prevent the State from making any
provision for the reservation of appointments or posts in favour of any
backward class of citizens which, in the opinion of the State, is not
adequately represented in the services under the State.
12. What do you understand by the concept of ‘liberalism’? 1

liberalism favoured free market and minimal role to the state. However,
present day liberalism acknowledges a role for welfare state and accepts the
need for measures to reduce both social and economic inequalities.
13. Which fundamental right is termed as the ‘Heart and Soul of the Indian 1
constitution?

Right to constitutional remedies

14. Define Politics. 1

15. When was the voting age reduced from 21 to18? 1

1989

16. Differentiate between Separate electorate and reserved constituencies. 1

electing a representative from a particular community, only

those voters would be eligible who belong to that community. In the

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 constituent assembly, many members expressed a fear that this will
not suit our purposes. Therefore, it was decided to adopt the system
of reserved constituencies. In this system, all voters in a constituency
are eligible to vote but the candidates must belong to only a particular
community or social section for which the seat is reserved.

17. What is the full form of NHRC? When was it founded? 0.5+0.5=1

National Human rights council 1993

18. What was the reason of inequality according to Karl Marx? 1

Economic

19. From where have we borrowed the concept of ‘Rule of Law’? 1

British

20. How does patriarchy promote inequality between men and women? 1

Patriarchy produces a division of labour by which women are

supposed to be responsible for “private” and “domestic” matters
while men are responsible for work in the
“public” domain.

21. Why do we need constraints? 2

We need some constraints or else society would descend into chaos.

Differences may exist between people regarding their ideas and
opinions, they may have conflicting ambitions, they may compete
to control scarce resources. Therefore
every society needs some mechanisms to control violence and settle
disputes. So long as we are able to respect each other’s views and
do not attempt to impose our views on others we may be able to live.

22. What do you understand by the term ‘Social inequalities’? Give one example. 2

Social inequalities on the other hand are those created by society. Certain
societies may, for instance, value those who perform intellectual work over
those who do manual work and reward them differently. They may treat
differently people of different race, or colour, or gender, or caste. Differences of
this kind reflect the values of a society and some of these may certainly appear
to us to be unjust.
23. What is Preventive Detention? 2

Sometimes a person can be arrested simply out of an apprehension

that he or she is likely to engage in unlawful activity and imprisoned
for some time without following the above mentioned procedure. This
is known as preventive detention. It means that if the government

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 feels that a person can be a threat to law and order or to the peace
and security of the nation, it can detain or arrest that person. This
preventive detention can be extended only for three months. After
three months such a case is brought before an advisory board for
review.

24. ‘Right to freedom is cluster of rights’. Explain 4

25. Examine the reasons for adopting FPTP system of election process in India. 4

The reason for the popularity and success of the FPTP system is its simplicity.
The entire election system is extremely simple to understand even for common
voters who may have no specialized knowledge about politics and elections.
There is also a clear choice presented to the voters at the time of elections.
Voters have to simply endorse a candidate or a party while voting. Depending
on the nature of actual politics, voters may either give greater importance to
the party or to the candidate or balance the two. The FPTP system offers voters
a choice not simply between parties but specific candidates.
In other electoral systems, especially PR systems, voters are often asked to
choose a party and the representatives are elected on the basis of party lists. As
a result, there is no one representative who represents and is responsible for
one locality. In constituency based system like the FPTP, the voters know who
their own representative is and can hold him or her accountable.
26. Describe the ‘Harm Principle’ of John Stuart Mill. 4

27. ‘Policies of affirmative action are supported for making the society more equal.’ 4
Comment

28. Read the passage carefully and answer the questions given below: 2+2+1=5

‘Since the actions of the government affect us deeply we take a lively interest in
what governments do. We form associations and organize campaigns to
articulate our demands. We negotiate with others and try to shape the goals
that governments pursue. When we disagree with the policies of the
government, we protest and organize demonstration to persuade our
governments to change the existing laws. We passionately debate the actions of
our representatives and discuss whether corruption has increased or
decreased. We ask whether corruption can be rooted out; whether
reservations for specific groups are just or not. We try to understand why
some parties and leaders win elections. In this way we look for the rationale
underlying the prevalent chaos and decay, and aspire to create a better world.’

a) Why do we take lively interest in government activities and how?

b) What can citizens do when they disagree with the policies of the
government?
c) Identify any two values shown by the citizens in the above para.

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29. Read the passage carefully and answer the questions given below: 1+2+2=5

‘Some years ago Deepa Mehta, film maker, wanted to make a film about
widows in Varanasi. It sought to explore the plight of widows but there was a
strong protest from a section of the polity who felt that it would show India in
a very bad light, who felt it was being made to cater to foreign audiences, who
felt it would bring a bad name to the ancient town. They refused to allow it to
be made and as a result it could not be made in Varanasi. It was subsequently
made elsewhere. Similarly the book Ramayana Retold by Aubrey Menon and
‘The Satanic Verses’ by Salman Rushdie were banned after protest from some
sections of society. The film The Last Temptation of Christ and the play ‘Me
Nathuram Boltey’ were also banned after protests.
a) Which freedom of an individual was violated here by banning these
movies, plays and books?
b) What reasons are given by the government whilst banning them?
c) Why do you think it is against the concept of liberty?

30. Study the picture given below and answer the questions that follows: 1+2+2=5

a) Why do you think that that above picture doesn’t represent the idea of
equality?
b) How can be the idea of equality be ensured to the diversified groups?
Give example for the same.
c) List out some inequalities present in our country.

31. Study the picture given below and answer the questions that follows: 2+1+2=5

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 a) Identify any two leaders from the cartoon shown above. Why are they
leaning forward?
b) What does the tiny person in the cartoon signifies?
c) Highlight upon the drawback of the Indian electoral system pointed out
in the cartoon.

32. Examine the composition and procedure of framing the Indian constitution. 6

Or

Elucidate the significance of the study of political theory.

33. With reference to Freedom of expression explain Negative and Positive 6

concept of liberty.

Or

Explain how the Indian constitution guarantees Freedom of religion to its

citizens.

34. Discuss some of the electoral reforms suggested for improving the elections in 6
India

Or

What are three dimensions of equality? Explain with suitable examples.

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