CHAPTER I

The Problem and Its Background

Introduction

Going to school was one of the factors for getting a high grade, Teachers always says

that phrase especially in the first days of school. Not attending school was one of the major

factors why students fail because they miss some school lesson, activities, assignments, quizzes

and also tests. It has also been observed that the teachers still have some questions in their mind

on why do the students do not always attend in school. One of the researchers also observed that

some of the students have to cut classes in order to cope up with the activities he missed that also

leads to consecutive number of absents.

In relation, Baliuag University located at Gil Carlos St, Baliuag Bulacan was one of the

universities who was the most numbered population here in Bulacan. Due to this big population,

the absenteeism of students will have higher possibilities. The school is consisting of 826

students with 4 academic strands, thus, it is much accessible and respondents would be easier to

approach.

In fact, attendance was really important especially for the students. (San Diego Unified

School's District, 2008). To more emphasize this, the San Diego Unified School’s District also

said that by going to school everyday, they will learn more because they do not miss any daily

teachings, homework, tests and quizzes. But why do you think most students do not attend

school? One of the main reasons why they do not attend was the lack of motivation of the

students (Akinnawo, 2017). Yet there are still many reasons about absenteeism, some reasons

are some students do not attend in school because of illness, family responsibilities, they feel

1
unsafe in school, and also because of poverty that is why they do not see the purpose of attending

in school, they would do something else instead. (Balfanz & Byrnes, 2017). The UNICEF also

has this statistical evidence where the population of absenteeism already reach 11% in the

12,590,805 students in the Philippines.

In the previous studies, absenteeism can really affect the academic performance of the

students in a way that they will lose some knowledge if they will not be able to cope up with

their studies . Additionally, Cases like this results of failing and lower grades than the usual

grades they might have. It is also said that the population of absenteeism is getting higher due to

the reasons said in the earlier studies and some cases leads to dropouts and kickouts.

Through those situations, there is still a question mark in our mind even though we know

ourselves what might be the reasons. But the objective of this study was to know the exact

reasons why those students in STEM strand of Grade 11 in Baliuag University do not attend

school. This research seeks to understand what is the story behind their absenteeism.

The main purpose of this study was to lessen and prevent the number of absenteeism of

STEM students on Grade 11 SHS Department in Baliuag University that could help those

students to have reasons to go to school, in specific, or for them to attend in school consistently.

This is primarily for the purpose of understanding and decreasing the numbers of absenteeism of

each student which will result to improve their own academic performances and relationships

with the different personnel of the schools.

Significance of the Study

The people mentioned below are the ones who will benefit from the study:

2
 To The Students. They are the ones who will most benefit this study because this

research helps the students who experience absenteeism. Specifically, this study will help them

to lessen their absenteeism

To The Faculty. This will help them to minimize their attendance concern about their

students since this investigation will look for some solutions to reduce the cases of absenteeism.

This will help them to think for some alternative approaches that could bring the students to

show up in school.

To The Parents. Parents would avoid being worried on daily basis of their children by

understanding reasons behind the absence.

To The School. Conducting this study will benefit the image of the school seeing that

this study will make the students to be present in their classes.

To The Researchers. Claiming that these researchers are also students because of that

they will be aware of what would be the reason of this study. As well as they can contribute

solutions for the said problem.

To The Future Researchers. The findings of this research be a reference material or a

guide to them, especially if they will conduct the same experiment.

Review of Related Literature

Absenteeism was a problem since education came, up until now this problem was still

encountered. Many students experienced this problem that affects their academic performances,

social relationships, and learning experiences. Even though many researchers have tried coping

3
up the reasons and solutions, yet there are still no specific explanations and resolutions on the

mentioned problem. This research seeks to find connected theories that the researchers can use

As a basis to acquire the most accurate reasons.

Identifying the Factors that Affect Absenteeism

Year 2017, authors Abdul Qayyum Ch, Nauman A. Abdullah, and Majida Khatoon

conducted a study entitled “Factors Causing Absenteeism Among the Students of Secondary

School”. Absence in class has always been a large problem most likely at present time. Based on

the authors, government are very much concerned about it to bring enhancement and positive

alter regarding the educational field. Despite, schools are not the only involved on the mentioned

problem, parents, teachers, officials and even society are also included.

This study justified that the problem of absenteeism among secondary school students has

not been related to the present age and a certain area but has been limited since ages. The

researchers have developed an absenteeism tool for this research in particular which has been

validated and found to be reliable. With the help of Cross-sectional and exploratory research

designs they cope up with the most noted factors as: social factors, environmental factors in

school, psychological factors, media factor and behavior factor of teachers that leads them to

recommend that teachers must be trained to treat students according to their psyche, control the

role of media and to maintain a positive image of school and education and other related

suggestive solutions.

Evaluating on How to Increase Student Attendance

Increasing Student Attendance: Strategies from Research and Practice was one of the

articles that the researchers picked which this research helps them to be their foundation to their

problem which is the Absenteeism: A qualitative research on reasons why students fail to show

4
up in class. The said related study was formulated by Jennifer Railsback way back in 2004, also

the study used a descriptive and action research for their research design. In her research, it based

on personal experiences which the source came from the other researchers.

This study look for some reasons what might be the possible reasons why students miss

school, the study also pursues to find some solutions to the problem. Additionally, she finds

those reasons by surveying the past researches and that will address the certain issue. Her

objective was to increase the student’s attendance by giving the educators and the students the

knowledge about the particular matter. She also concluded that the students and teachers should

participate in the approaches that will be done, considering that they are the most involved in the

problem of absenteeism.

How the Students are Impacted when it comes to Absenteeism

This research entitled “The Effects of Absenteeism on Students Performances”, it was

published in 2016 the author of this research is Naila Khalid D/o Khalid Mehmood. Absenteeism

not only in school but tendency in work they get absent without a good reason: the perform or

habit of being absent from work or school. The students who are not coming in schools, colleges

and universities but those students who are not attend the classes also called absent. This habit

act of a student is called absenteeism. According to my point of view performance is an action by

which individual fulfill the task that assign to ourselves or assigned by others is called

performances. Absenteeism leads the students to drop out graded activities, because the

performances in class activities and quizzes will go to a poor GPA.

This research talks about the effect of absenteeism in academic performances and to their

behavior, also it affects students in their everyday life. Absenteeism miss opportunities to learn

5
the material that enables them to succeed later in school and fall behind their classmates in

academic achievement. In this notion, previous studies had revealed that student absenteeism is

related academic failure and academic performance. The study discusses between the effect of

absenteeism in the student’s performances.

The Possible Causes of Student’s Absence

This research entitled “The school absenteeism among High School Students:

Contributing Factors”. This research was published on year 2006 and the author of this research

are Murat Balkıs, Gökmen Arslan, Erdinç Duru. All students, yet for one reason or another, at

one time or other time want miss to a day of school. As a period of time when a student does not

attend school, has become major and continuous problem among high school students in many

countries. Indeed, numerous studies conducted to answer a question that is why high school

students miss their class. In this research, the numerous risk factors that contribute to student

absenteeism such as family health, low income, poor school climate, drug and alcohol use,

transportation problems, and community attitudes towards education.

This aim of this study was to examine the direct and indirect relationship between student

school absenteeism, personal factors, and academic achievement in structural equation model.

The findings revealed that student absenteeism was negatively related academic self-perception,

attitudes towards teacher and school, goal valuation, motivation/ self-regulation, and academic

performance. The findings of study noticed that students who have negative academic self-

perception, negative attitudes towards teacher and school, lack of goal, and lack of motivation,

are more likely to have school absenteeism. Findings also showed that students, whose parents

have low educational level and low income, are more likely to have high level of school

6
absenteeism. In conclusion, the variables taken into consideration in this study were examined

separately by previous studies.

The Continuation of The Possible Causes of Student’s Absence

This research is entitled as "The school absenteeism among high school students:

Contributing factors" It was published in year 2016, The author of this research are Murat Balkis,

Duru Erdinç, and Gökmen Arslan. The attendance rate is important because students are more

likely to succeed in academics when they attend school consistently. Student absenteeism in

higher education is not an uncommon problem. Previous studies reported among factors

contributed to this phenomenon were teacher interaction. All students, yet for one reason or

another at one time or other time want to miss a day of school. Students who are always absent

miss a lot of opportunities to learn the material that enables them to succeed.

This research talks about why many of the students especially on high school are most

likely to fail on school because of the absenteeism. The findings revealed that student

absenteeism was negatively related academic self-perception, attitudes towards teacher and

school, goal valuation, self-regulation, and academic performance. Results also revealed that

student absenteeism differed in respect to parents educational level and income. That is why the

parents of the student should have always check on their children about their academic

performance and also the teachers should implement an effective way on how to throw the

attention of the students to their academics.

Theoretical Framework

Past researches have been very helpful for researchers, thus, in every studies it is obvious

that it is very rare for a student to complete the attendance especially nowadays. Lauren Hynicka

7
provided a theory based on the findings of her survey to college students whose course was

Pharmacy and Management, she formulated the study in the year 2009. She wanted to

comprehend reasons by her own student and seek for explanations to improve and bring

positivity on the educational aspects. Her theory also stated that improving teachers are the one

of the most probable way to make the students attend school.

According to Hynicka (2009), there are students who are taking Pharmacy and Management

courses have many reasons on why they do not attend in school and these are because of their

sickness and the both courses find these common reason which is also these students have

assignments or they just need to study in other courses. Somehow, she found out the results that

students that lived 10 minutes away from the campus and students paying their own school fees

are more often having absence. Hynicka believed that a good motivation for attending classes is

awarding points on the student’s grades and at some point she also recognized how interesting

and necessary time management is, in the case of justifying absence by working on a paper

works for another course or subject.

This relates to the study of Absenteeism: A qualitative research on reasons why students

fail to show up in class because Hynicka’s research can give the possible reasons why students

cannot attend in class wherein it can also be the probable reason for the researcher’s study. In

here, researchers can observe if the reasons of the absence of Pharmacy students and the results

of the on-going research could be the same. Even the recommended solutions of the problem

have a high possibility to be related and connected. Essentially, many students should start to

manage their time and the teachers also should start to think on how they can effectively meet

the needs of their students

8
Statement of the Problem

The main objective of this study is to seek for reasons about the STEM students in

Baliuag University Annex 3 Grade 11 Campus, School Year 2018-2019. In this research, their

school attendance is the main concentration in the concept of absenteeism.

Scope and Limitations

This study was conducted in Baliuag University Annex 3 Grade 11 Campus, School

Year 2018-2019. This school was founded in 1925 and was founded by Domingo B. Santiago Sr.

Now Baliuag University has 826 students in the Grade 11 campus but this research will just

interview 10 respondents of the population in the STEM students. Furthermore, this research was

taken in Grade 11 campus because the researchers believe that it is more accessible and

convenient in there and also due to the fact that the researchers also studies in the Grade 11

Campus. To be specifically, the 10 students will be picked in the sections such as the STEM 1,

STEM 2, STEM 3, STEM 4, STEM 5, STEM 6, STEM 7 and the STEM 8 but not all the

students in that section will be included. Students who experience absenteeism are the ones who

will be only involved. The involvement of the following mentioned below are needed for the

success of the study:

The students are the most involved since they are the one of the main instrument in the

study which they are the individuals who produces the problem of absenteeism and those who

are mostly affected by its negative and positive effects. Considering that faculty members

assisting different sections, They are also involved for the reason that they handle everyone’s

activity specially, absents. They need to know where the students are at all times knowing the

parents trusted them.

9
 Additionally, Parents are involved too seeing that they are the providers who pays the

tuition of their children, hence, they will also be affected if their kids fail considering their

concerns about their children. This are involved for they are the one who can handle their

children’s attitude and behaviors which can also be one of the reasons to stop and continue

absenteeism. As well as the school administrators, they are also included since they decide

whether the excuse of a student is valid or not because some times students are copying the

signature of their parents for the sake of excuse letter.

An interview protocol served as the main instrument of the study and was also used to

clarify vague answers and documentary analysis and was also employed to answer the specific

questions raised in the proposal.

10
ENDNOTES IN CHAPTER I
Abdullah, N., Khatoon, M., & Qayyum, A. (2017 January-June). Factors Causing Absenteeism
among the Students of Secondary School. Retrieved from http://pu.edu.pk/images/journal/
HistoryPStudies/PDF_Files/1_V-30-No1-Jun17.pdf.
Balfanz, R., & Byrnes, V. (2012). Chronic Absenteeism: Summarizing What We Know From
Nationally Available Data. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Center for Social
Organization of Schools. Retrieved from http://68.77.48.18/RandD/Other/Importance%
20of%20Being%20in%20School%20-%20Balfanz.pdf
Balkis, Murat & Arslan, Gökmen & Erdinç, Duru. (2016). The School Absenteeism among High
School Students: Contributing Factors. Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice. 2016.
10.12738/estp.2016.6.0125. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/307
088341_The_School_Absenteeism_among_High_School_Students_Contributing_Factors
Colorin Colorado, & San Diego Unified School District. (2008). School Attendance: A key to
Success. Schools and Families: An Important Partnership. Retrieved from http://www.
colorincolorado.org/article/school-attendance-key-success
Hynicka, L. (September 2009). Student Absenteeism. Educational Theory and Practice. Retrieved
from https://edtheory.blogspot.com/2009/09/student absenteeism.html?fbclid=IwAR2S
MhY_ZxzBSPaD_X3t3epmIpF1gKL3OQ2rzlw-HY8UjX7PnRLJ-kGhbTM.
Orbeta Jr. A. (2010). A Glimpse At the School Problem. The Filipino Child: Global Study on
Child Poverty and Disparities. Retrieved from https://www.unicef.org/philippines/brief04
fnl.pdf
Railsback, J. (2004, June). Increasing Student Attendance: Strategies From Research and
Practice. Northwest Regional Educational Library. Retrieved from https://files.eric.
ed.gov/fulltext/ED484551.pdf

11
 CHAPTER II

Methods of Research

The purpose of this study is to determine the factors to consider why Baliuag University

Senior High School students fail to show up in class. This section discusses the research design,

participants of the study, data gathering instruments, data gathering procedure and data analysis.

Research Design

This study used a descriptive qualitative research to seek for reasons about the

absenteeism. Descriptive qualitative research is a study of status and is widely used in education,

nutrition, epidemiology, and the behavioral sciences (Koh & Owen, 2000). It is also stated that

the most common descriptive research method is the survey which includes questionnaires,

personal interviews, phone surveys, and normative surveys. According to Nassaji (2015), the

researchers should not only examine how learning generally takes place or what factors affect it,

but also give individual students and their behaviors and experiences a more in - depth

examination and understanding.

According to Vickie Lambert and Clinton Lambert (2012), the objective of qualitative

descriptive studies is to summarize specific events experienced by individuals or groups of

individuals in a comprehensive way every day. This research conducted a personal interview to

10 eligible STEM students that serves as one of the factors that makes it a descriptive qualitative

research. Furthermore, this also identifies the behavior of the students.

Participants and Sampling Procedure

According to “What is the ideal Sample Size in Qualitative Research” (2016) base on

their studies, the ideal sample size of respondents are 30 but researchers can still have the

12
minimum of 10 respondents especially if the recruits answers excellently or in other words, if the

answers of the respondents are appropriate and productive for the study.

An initial survey that was conducted was joined by 19 STEM Senior High School

Students. But when to be interviewed, 10 students agreed, 3 disagreed, and 6 of them are absent.

In the 10 students who agreed at STEM, 30% are female and 70% are male. Approximately 50%

are 16 years of age and the other half are 17 years old.

Research Instrument

Since this study aims to understand the reasons of student’s absenteeism, interviews were

conducted in this study. An interview protocol served as a guide for the researcher to ask

questions. Follow-up questions were asked as needed in order to further probe into the

absenteeism of the students. The sources of the data of this study are: (a) audio tape and

transcribed interviews, and (b) written answers of students to profile questions such as gender,

age, strand, section, and among others, aside from oral responses to open ended question.

Data Gathering Procedure

The Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics students are the respondents of

this study. A letter of permission was addressed and given to the assistant principal of the Senior

High School Department.

An initial interview was conducted by the researchers in order to find eligible

respondents that will fit on the research topic. The interview followed a series of steps. Student

participants were offered an interview questions in advance. 5-10 minutes was the time allotted

for each of the interviewee and the researchers were available in case they were longer.

13
 Because the nature of the research involved asking the participants about their

experiences, the researcher made sure that the interview had to be conducted with sensitivity to

the consequences of the participants. Their involvement was characterized with transparency nor

were they deceived, exploited, or harmed in any way.

Data Analysis

The data was analyzed through transcription method, the researchers recorded the

answers of the respondents word by word (verbatim). The act of transcription— especially in

terms of how the method reduces data and defines which kind of information is worthwhile. It is

also stated that this has led to a widespread expectation that qualitative researchers, in particular

graduates and early professional researchers, can use the verbal transcription method both to

make sure nothing is missing and to show rigor (Loubere, 2017). Transcription appears to be a

simple technical task, but actually includes assessments as to the level of detail to be selected the

interpretation of data and data representation (Bailey, 2008).

Transcription involves close observation of data through repeated careful listening

(Bailey, 2008). Recorded answers were transcribed in written form, in a reason that it can

interpret their responses more. Furthermore, the data that was transcribed were categorized

through tables per question. The table includes the number of lines in each responses, respondent

number and the respondents’ exact answers even their coughs, pauses or any other oral

responses.

14
ENDNOTES IN CHAPTER II
Bailey, J. (2008). First steps in qualitative data analysis: Transcribing. Family Practice. 25.
10.1093/fampra/cmn003. Retrieved from https://academic.oup.com/fampra/article/
25/2/127/497632
Koh E.T., Owen W.L. (2000) Descriptive Research and Qualitative Research. In:
Introduction to Nutrition and Health Research. Springer, Boston, MA. Retrieved from
https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4615-1401-5_12
Lambert, V., & Lambert, C. (2012, October). Qualitative Descriptive Research: An Acceptable
Design. Vol 16 issue no.4. Retrieved from https://www.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/PRIJNR
/article/view/5805/5064?fbclid=IwAR2jzGhUm1KlDRLmn040wyM6ogJzQIv5f2nqvNvt
h2hag_FlOQFuNypkHo8
Loubere, N. (2017). Questioning Transcription: The Case for the Systematic and Reflexive
Interviewing and Reporting (SRIR) Method [46 paragraphs]. Forum Qualitative
Sozialforschung / Forum: Qualitative Social Research, 18(2), Art. 15. Retrieved from
http://www.qualitative-research.net/index.php/fqs/article/view/2739/4109?fbclid=IwAR1
V7AbvMF4K0d_E-21HESOqj4pBSq1dc_zddbYxuB7HaDfy4xA1_UHfbB8
Nassaji, H. (2015). Qualitative and descriptive research: Data type versus data analysis.
Language Teaching Research, 19(2), 129–132. https://doi.org/10.1177/13621
68815572747
What is the ideal Sample Size in Qualitative Research. (2016, February). What is the ideal
Sample Size in Qualitative Research. InterQ. Retrieved from:http://m.greenbook.org/
marketing-research/What-is-the-ideal-Sample-Size-in-Qualitative-Research-1022244.

15
 CHAPTER III

Results and Discussions

In this chapter, the data gathered was showed through tables that was organized per

question and sequenced from the first question to the sixth question. This shows that the data

gathered was transcribed in each column consists of the respondents’ verbatim answer with the

corresponding line number and respondent number.

Table No. 1
Question No. 1: Have you experience bullying?
Line Respondents ANSWERS
No. No.
1 1 Oo
2 2 Uhm hindi, hindi pa
3 3 No, I haven't.
4 4 No
5 5 No
6 6 Hindi po e
7 7 Ah hindi pa
8 8 Hindi po
9 9 Ay hindi pa naman po, Hindi ko pa po kasi siya naeexperience
10 po
11 10 Hindi pa

The researcher asked the question to be able to determine if he was criticized and abused

and if that could be a possible reason for a student to commit absence. Additionally, this will

help to identify if he/she has a good relationship with other students.

Table No. 2
Question No. 2: What time do you sleep?
Line Respondent ANSWERS
No. No.
1 1 10

16
 2 2 Around 9-10 pm
3 3 Uhm, I usually sleep at midnight sometime usually between
4 10-12 pm
5 4 Ano minsan ano 12 minsan mga alauna na
6 5 Depends on the schedule, 10-12 pm
7 6 Ah mga siguro mga 10 ng gabi ganon or 11 mostly ganon
8 7 Mga alas dyis ng madaling araw
9 8 Mga bandang 10 or 11
10 9 ano, tsk, minsan ano 9 o kaya 10 ganun oras lang ho
11 10 Mga ano 11 to 12 ganun

The researcher asked the question to know whether the respondents sleep late. Also, to

detect whether overslept and tardiness will lead to absenteeism.

Table No. 3
Question No. 3: What are your main reasons why you attend school?
Line Respondent ANSWERS
No. No.
1 1 Para matuto
2 2 School? Ano, uhm, demand ng parents ko para din naman sakin
3 yung pagaaral tsaka ano parte naman ng buhay yon
4 3 To be able to learn the lessons, so that I can answer the exams
5 without hassle
6 4 Uhm ano paraaaa kasi kapag ka umaabsent parangmahirap
7 maghabol kaya pumapasok ako
8 5 To study and learn
9 6 Uhm para matuto tapos para makita yung mga classmate kong
10 pumapasok masaya tsakaaa para din sa mga magulang ko ganon
11 7 Kasi masaya yung mga katabi ko may mababait, love na love
12 ko sila
13 8 Ahh kasi ano takot akong bumagsak kasi diba kung babagsak
14 mo lang yun sayang naman effort ng magulang mo para
15 mag-aral ka sa maganda pang school
16 9 Hmm, eh ang rason ko ho kung bakit ako pumapasok ako
17 po'y dahil po ako'y may goal sa buhay ako po'y gusto ko
18 pong maraming matutuhan ganun lamang po
19 10 Ano minsan para mag-aral tas minsan din mga aral baon lang
20 ganon pag tinatamad pumasok

17
 The question was asked to find out if he/she is merely attending to school because it is

mandatory or he perhaps want to learn. Furthermore, it will let the researchers to be aware and

attentive for every other reason a student has.

Table No. 4
Question No. 4: What do you think are the main reasons of student being absent?
Line Respondent ANSWERS
No. No.
1 1 Yung iba maaay baka emergency
2 2 Uhm, isa na din don yung ano yung bullying tsaka yung personal
3 problems magulang ganon saaa bahay nila… financial
4 3 Uhm, because they are bored at school
5 4 Ano Feeling ko ano tinatamad tsaka feeling nila walang gagawin
6 ganon
7 5 Laziness or lack of interest
8 6 Ah iba iba e kasi minsan may mga estudyente na ano may
9 personal issue ganon family problem ganon tamad na
10 estudyante ganon
11 7 Di ko alam baka kasi tamad lang talaga sila
12 8 Hmm… ayun tinatamad lang pero may mga iba kunyari walang
13 pang baon pang ganon ayon
14 9 Minsan yung mga ano siguro tinatamad sila o kaya nalalate sila
15 ng gising minsan di na sila pumapasok tsaka nga yung nabubully
16 siguro ganon
17 10 Ano ahh minsan ano pagkatinatamad yung estudyante pumasok
18 kung di naman mag pag puyat ganon

The question was asked to determine the respondent’s own perspective about the causes

of absenteeism and to reflect their answers on themselves. This will bring the main point of this

study that will give light to the problem.

18
Table No. 5
Question No. 5: Do you enjoy school?
Line Respondent ANSWERS
No. No.
1 1 Yes
2 2 Uhm hindi minsan
3 3 Not really, mas gusto kong nasa bahay
4 4 Oo kasi kapag sa bahay ano puro utos tas pag dito sa school
5 e daldalan lang ganon
6 5 Yes
7 6 Opo sobra sobra
8 7 Syempre naman kasi mga kaklase ko lagi kong kasama kaso
9 yung nanay ko lagi ko talaga namimiss
10 8 Syempre naman lalo na yung mga kaklase mo eh ganon…
11 mga artistahin
12 9 So much, I enjoy school really really so much I'm happy very
13 very happy
14 10 Syempre lalo na pag ano yung parang sama sama kayo ng mga
15 kaibigan mo, nagkasama-sama kayo.

The researchers asked the question to know if a students is sincere and genuinely happy

in going to school or if he/she is obliged. Moreover, enjoying school might give a higher

tendency of students to attend school while if they do not, it will possibly result on affecting the

students attendance.

Table No. 6
Question No. 6: Do your personal issues affect your attendance in class?
Line Respondent ANSWERS
No. No.
1 1 Hindi naman po
2 2 Hindi
3 3 Yes, Iif I do not want to attend then I will not
4 4 Hindi
5 5 Hindi
6 6 Hmm, kung sakin mangyayari yon yung personal issue
7 nakaka-apekto pero sa ngayon wala pa naman akong

19
 8 naeencounter na ganon
9 7 Wala pa naman pero ewan ko lang
10 8 Oo lalo na pag ka sa problema sa family mo ganon
11 9 No no no no no pagka nasa school na ko di ko na iniisip
12 yung mga problema ko sa ano syempre study first before
13 anything else
14 10 Hindi naman

The question was asked to find out if problems in a student’s personal life could affect

the student on failing to show up in class. In addition, if these problems will have emotional

impact in their mood and behavior towards in their motivation to attend class.

20
 CHAPTER IV

Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation

This section includes the summary and findings of the interview. It also stated the

conclusions that the researchers had made based on the assumptions in the data gathered.

Furthermore, this sector also recommend possible solutions to those who are involved in the

study.

Summary of Findings

The findings of this study was based on the answers of the respondents, results was from

the planned questions that the researchers made. The respondents stated that they usually sleep at

9-12 pm. 90% of them agree that due to overslept there are times that they cannot attend school

while 10% disagree for the reason that they have some ways. Moreover, 80% of the respondents

are enjoying school because of having a strong relationship with friends, otherwise, 20% prefer

to be at home since they do not experience fun in school.

In the next following questions, these will provide the most helpful answers to the

problem. In bullying, 10% of the respondents only said that he experienced bullying while the

90% says they haven’t but still 90% says that it could be a factor why students absent. In

attending school, 20% says that they just want to hang out with their friends and classmates, 10%

says that they need to because their parents want to. While 70% says that they will be able to

learn and cope up with lessons if they go to school. By finding out the main reasons on why

students fail to show up in class, 30% of the respondents believed that it is due to sickness, 20%

that one of the reason is problems, financially and emotionally, while the other 50% is for

laziness which is also consider as lack of motivation and interest. On the other side, 80% does

21
not consider personal issues as a reason for their own absence. But 20% of them can see

problems and issues as one of the factors why they commit absent.

Conclusions

Based on the research findings of this study, the researchers have therefore concluded

that:

1. Bullying can be a major factor to consider in accordance to absenteeism. Based on the

responses, there are students that experience bullying but most of our respondent have

not. Despite of this, they believe and that it bounces a vast impact.

2. There are times that a student is experiencing lack of sleep due to specific reasons

that certainly affects the time they woke up which leads to absence specially in the

morning classes. And this is what is happening to the respondents of this study, their

sleeping time is not enough

3. Basically, a lot of students enjoy school because of socializing and having

relationship with classmates and teachers. But there are still some of them who does

not enjoy since others are merely obliged to attend school because of the demands of

their parents, to learn, and to pass the succeeding years that might affect his/her

attendance.

5. Each respondent believe that every students like them have reasons that problems

might be financial and problems, sickness, but overall having all the respondents

agreed, it is lack of motivation and interest that becomes laziness. In addition, based

on their experiences, they stated that the causes are also applicable to them.

6. For the majority of the interviewed students, personal issues did not make an

22
 impact in order to their attendance in school. Otherwise, every student has their own

differences, other interviewed students says that attendance was affected by their own

problems.

7. Students have their own perceptions and beliefs that enables them to have different

factors to consider in their absence. To clarify, the reasons might be bullying,

overslept, personal issues, own problems, financial issues and lack of interest and

motivation.

Recommendations

The result of the study has been recommended to the following persons:

1. In order for them to lessen their absenteeism, they should determine effective ways to

be motivated, they should make a goal that they want to achieve with a positive

mindset, and they should not make unnecessary activities that may cause them to fail

showing up in class. Additionally, if there is a possibility that they are being bullied,

they should tell right away to the teacher or to their parents.

2. On behalf of the faculty, approach and talk to students explain circumstances that

they might not fully understand and maintain a healthy relationship that could

possibly be a reason for a student to attend school. They should be able to find some

alternative approaches or effective teaching styles that will help the students to be

more interested.

3. Parents are the most influential person in a child’s life, create a remarkable talk and

orient your child about schools and goals that will be able to help them to be

23
 motivated. Make your children know that you understand whatever they do and give

them support in every situation.

4. For the school, they must be aware and alert of every actions and interaction of

students to one another, give them the safe surroundings they deserve. They should

also manage the attendance of each students and make actions, such as good talks if

they notice something inappropriate occur.

5. To broaden the knowledge about the study, the future researchers should widen this

research in order to have deeper investigation about the factors to consider on why

students fail to show up in class. This can help to bring awareness to the future

students.

24
 ABSENTEEISM: A QUALITATIVE RESEARCH ON REASONS WHY STUDENTS
FAIL TO SHOW UP IN CLASS

INTERVIEW PROTOCOL
This research is being conducted by Grade 11 STEM 7 students as part of the
requirements in Practical Research 1. The main purpose of this study is to determine the reasons
why students fail to show up in class. Participants are assured of utmost confidentiality regarding
the information that would be provided by them. The results will give the students' a wider view
on the benefits that they have gained, and how they are really prepared in the future.
□ I agree to participate in this study
□ I do not agree to participate in this study Signature

Demographic Profile
Name (Optional): Age: _____
Strand & Section: Gender: _____

QUESTIONS:
1.) Have you experience bullying?
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

2.) What time do you sleep?

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

25
 3.) What are your main reasons why you attend school?
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

4.) What do you think are the main reasons of student being absent?
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

5.) Do you enjoy school?

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

6.) Do your personal issues affect your attendance in class?

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

26
APPENDICES

27
Table No. 1: Demographic Profile
Respondent No. Section Gender Age

1 STEM 1
2 STEM 1
3 STEM 2
4 STEM 3
5 STEM 4
6 STEM 7
7 STEM 7
8 STEM 7
9 STEM 7
10 STEM 7
M 16
M 17
F 16
F 16
M 16
M 17
M 17
F 17
M 17
M 16

Table No. 2: Transcribed Interview

Line No. Respondent no. ANSWERS
1 Have you experience bullying?
2 1 Oo.
3 2 Uhm, hindi, hindi pa.
4 Interviewer Pero sa tingin mo nakakaapekto ba yun sa hindi
5 pagpasok?
6 2 Oo kasii minsan natatakot na yung mga binubully kasi palagi na
7 lang ganon pala-palagi silaaang tsk binubully yon.
8 3 No, I haven't.
9 Interviewer Sa tingin mo ba nakakaapekto yon sa hindi pagpasok?
10 3 Uhmhm, oo kasii pag may mga estudyanteng nabubully
11 syempre parang nawawalan na sila ng gana para pumasok.
12 4 No.
13 Interviewer Pero sa tingin mo nakakaapekto siya sa hindi pagpasok?
14 4 Oo.
15 5 No.
16 Interviewer Nakakaapekto ba yon sa hindi pagpasok ng estudyante?
17 5 Sss-pwede.
18 6 Hindi po e.
19 Interviewer Sa tingin mo ba nakakaapekto yon sa hindi mo pagpasok?
20 6 Ah hindi din po e.
21 7 Ahh hindi pa.

28
22 Interviewer Pero sa tingin mo nakakaapekto ba yon sa hindi pagpasok?
23 7 Nakakaapekto kasi natatakot na yung estudyante e.
24 8 Hmm hindi pa po.
25 Interviewer Sa tingin mo ba nakakaapekto yon sa hindi pagpasok ng
26 estudyante?
27 8 Oo kasi ah diba pagka kunyari marami sinasabi sayo mga
28 kaklase mo na masasakit so ayun tatamadin ka na kasi
masasaktan ka eh ayaw mo non kaya hindi ka na papasok.
29
30 9 Ay hindi pa naman po hindi pa po ko siya naeexperience po.
31 Interviewer Sa tingin mo nakakaapekto yon sa hindi pagpasok ng
32 estudyante?
33 9 Ay sa tingin ko po eee oho e nakakapektoho siya at gawa ng iba
34 kong kaklase naexperience ng bully at sila po ay hindi na
napasok sa eskwela.
35
36 10 Hindi pa.
37 Interviewer Sa tingin mo nakakaapekto yon sa hindi pagpasok ng
38 estudyante?
39 10 Syempre kasi diba pag nabubully ka parang tinatamad ka na
40 pumasok kasinabubully ka lang naman.
41 What time do you sleep?
42 1 10.
43 Interviewer Kapag ba nalalate ka tinutuloy mo na sa pagabsent?
44 1 Hindi naman.
45 2 Uhm around 9 tooo 10 pm.
46 Interviewer Nakakaapekto ba yon sa pagpasok mo?
47 2 Depende kapag ka kulang ka sa tulog.
48 3 Uhm I usually sleep at midnight sometime between 10-12 pm.
49 Interviewer Napupuyat ka?
50 3 Lagi.
51 Interviewer Sa tingin mo nakakaapekto yon sa pagpasok mo?
52 3 Syempre kasi pag sa umaga hirap na hirap akong gumising.
53 4 Ano minsan ano 12 minsan mga ala-una na.
54 Interviewer Nakakaapekto ba yon sa pagpasok mo?
55 4 Hindi kasi may alarm naman e nagigising naman.
56 5 Depends on the schedule, 10-12.
57 Interviewer Nakakaapekto ba yung puyat sa pagpasok mo?
58 5 Minsan pagkatinatanghali.
59 6 Uhm siguro mga 10 ng gabi ganon or 11 mostly ganon.
60 Interviewer Sa tingin mo nakakaapekto yung puyat sa pagpasok mo?
61 6 Opo syempre pagkaminsan napupuyat ka syempre kinabukasan

29
 62 may tendency na malate ka ganon.
63 7 Mgaaa alas dyis ng madaling araw.
64 Interviewer Sa tingin mo nakakaapekto yung puyat sa pagpasok mo?
65 7 Nakakaapekto napupuyat ako e.
66 8 Mga bandang 10 or 11.
67 Interviewer Sa tingin mo nakakaapekto yung puyat sa pagpasok mo?
68 8 Oo kasi diba pag gumising ka antok ka pa pero maaga yung
69 klase mo so ayon di ka na gagayak kasi tatamarin ka na.
70 9 Ano tsk minsan ano 9 o kaya 10 ganong oras lang ho.
71 Interviewer Sa tingin mo nakakaapekto yung puyat sa pagpasok mo?
72 9 Oho pag po nalate ako ng gising ay nakakaapekto po kasi di po
73 ako nakaka pasok ng maaga namimiss ko po yung mga ano po
important activities ng aking mga guro.
74
75 10 Mga ano 11 to 12 ganon.
76 Interviewer Sa tingin mo ba nakakaapekto yung puyat sa pagpasok mo?
77 10 Syempre minsan pag puyat ka sa umaga parang ano tinatamad
78 ka ng pumasok kasi inaantok ka pa.
79 What are your main reasons why you attend school?
80 1 Para matuto.
81 2 School? Ano, uhm, demand ng parents ko para din naman sakin
82 yung pagaaral tsaka ano parte naman ng buhay yon.
83 3 To be able to learn the lessons, so that I can answer the exams
84 without hassle.
85 4 Uhm ano paraaaa kasi kapag ka umaabsent parangmahirap
86 maghabol kaya pumapasok ako.
87 5 To study and learn.
88 6 Uhm para matuto tapos para makita yung mga classmate kong
89 pumapasok masaya tsakaaa para din sa mga magulang ko ganon.
90 7 Kasi masaya yung mga katabi ko may mababait, love na love
91 ko sila.
92 8 Ahh kasi ano takot akong bumagsak kasi diba kung babagsak
93 mo lang yun sayang naman effort ng magulang mo para
mag-aral ka sa maganda pang school.
94
95 9 Hmm, eh ang rason ko ho kung bakit ako pumapasok ako
96 po'y dahil po ako'y may goal sa buhay ako po'y gusto ko
pong maraming matutuhan ganun lamang po.
97
98 10 Ano minsan para mag-aral tas minsan din mga aral baon lang
99 ganon pag tinatamad pumasok.
100 what do you think are the main reasons of student absent
101 1 Yung iba maaay sakit o kaya baka may emergency.

30
102 Interviewer eh ikaw ano yung mga rason mo bakit ka umaabsent
103 1 ahmmm minsan pag may sakit.
104 2 Uhm, isa na din don yung ano yung bullying tsaka yung
105 personal problems magulang ganon saaa bahay nila… financial.
106 Interviewer eh ikaw mga rason mo?
107 2 ano pag di ako pumapasok ano lang pag may sakit lang ganon
108 3 Uhm, because they are bored at school.
109 Interviewer eh ikaw ano yung mga rason mo bat ka di pumapasok?
110 3 pag ka ayaw kong pumasok minsan kasi nakakawalan ng gana
111 pumasok sa school.
112 4 Ano Feeling ko ano tinatamad tsaka feeling nila walang
113 gagawin ganon.
114 Interviewer eh ikaw?
115 4 Hinihika.
116 5 laziness or lack of interest.
117 Interviewer eh ikaw ano yung mga rason mo?
118 5 yun din hehehehe.
119 6 Ah iba iba e kasi minsan may mga estudyente na ano may
120 personal issue ganon family problem ganon tamad na
estudyante ganon.
121
122 Interviewer Eh ikaw ano yung mga rason mo bakit ka umaabsent?
123 6 ahhh kasi ano madalas yon may sakit ako pag ka naaabsent ako.
124 7 Di ko alam baka kasi tamad lang talaga sila.
125 Interviewer Eh ikaw ano yung mga rason mo bakit ka umaabsent?
126 7 yung mga rason ko kaya ako umaabsent kasi namimiss ko yung
127 nanay ko gusto ko kasi lagi kayakap yung mama ko namimiss
ko siya pag nasa school ako kaya umaabsent ako.
128
129 8 Hmm… ayun tinatamad lang pero may mga iba kunyari walang
130 pang baon pang ganon ayon.
131 Interviewer eh ikaw?
132 8 ako? Ano depende sa mood kasi tinatamad ako.
133 9 Minsan yung mga ano siguro tinatamad sila o kaya nalalate sila
134 ng gising minsan di na sila pumapasok tsaka nga yung
nabubully siguro ganon.
135
136 10 Ano ahh minsan ano pagkatinatamad yung estudyante pumasok
137 kung di naman mag pag puyat ganon.
138 eh ikaw ano yung mga rason mo bakit di ka pumapasok?
139 10 ahh ano puyat ganon tinatamad.
140 do you enjoy school?
141 1 Yes.

31
142 Interviewer bakit naman?
143 1 ahhh kasi nakakasama ko yung mga kaklase ko tsakaaaa.
144 2 Uhm hindi minsan.
145 Interviewer Bakit?
146 2 pag yung mga boring yung topic tapos walang ginagawa tsaka
147 yung ano lalo yung sa teacher pag di ka nageenjoy sa teacher.
148 3 Not really, mas gusto kong nasa bahay ako.
149 4 Oo.
150 Interviewer Bakit?
151 4 kasi kapag sa bahay ano puro utos tas pag dito sa school
152 e daldalan lang ganon.
153 5 Yes.
154 Interviewer bakit?
155 5 syemp…. Pagka ginaganahan mag aral hihi.
156 6 Yes.
157 Interviewer bakit?
158 6 kasi syempre memorable lagi yung kada taon natin eh ganun
159 7 Syempre naman kasi mga kaklase ko lagi kong kasama kaso
160 yung nanay ko lagi ko talaga namimiss.
161 8 Syempre naman lalo na yung mga kaklase mo eh ganon…
162 mga artistahin.
163 9 So much, I enjoy school really really so much I'm happy very
164 very happy.
165 Interviewer bakit?
166 9 because I have my classmates who give me ahhh happy
167 experiences and andhf motivations in my life.
168 10 Syempre lalo na pag ano yung parang sama sama kayo ng mga
169 kaibigan mo, nagkasama-sama kayo.
170 1 Hindi naman po.
171 2 Hindi.
172 3 Yes, Iif I do not want to attend then I will not.
173 4 Hindi.
174 5 Hindi.
175 6 Hmm, kung sakin mangyayari yon magkaron ako ng personal
176 issue makaka-apekto pero sa ngayon wala pa naman akong
naeencounter na ganon.
177
178 7 Wala pa naman pero ewan ko lang.
179 8 Oo lalo na pag ka sa problema sa family mo ganon.
180 9 No no no no no pagka nasa school na ko di ko na iniisip
181 yung mga problema ko sa ano syempre study first before

32
182 anything else.
183 10 Hindi naman.

33
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34
 Curriculum Vitae
PERSONAL DETAILS
Name: Justin Gabriel S. Gaspar
Sex: Male
Date of Birth: September 16, 2002
Place of Birth: Sta. Cruz, Manila
Nationality: Filipino
Religion: Roman Catholic
Address: Blk. 10 Lt. 23, Garden Breeze Subdivision, Maguinao, San Rafael, Bulacan
Cellphone Number: 09062000680
Email: justingaspar@gmailcom

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
Elementary: St. Luke’s School of San Rafael Inc.
Sampaloc, San Rafael, Bulacan
2008 - 2014
Junior High School: St. Luke’s School of San Rafael Inc.
Sampaloc, San Rafael, Bulacan
2014 - 2018
Senior High School: Baliuag University
Gil Carlos Street, Baliuag. Bulacan 3006 Philippines

35
 Curriculum Vitae
PERSONAL DETAILS
Name: Newrivher S. Panol
Sex: Male
Date of Birth: February 22, 2002
Place of Birth: Baliuag, Bulacan
Nationality: Filipino
Religion: Roman Catholic
Address: 0125 A Luna St. Concepcion, Bliuag, Bulacan
Cellphone Number: 09352829210
Email: newrivher13@gmailcom

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
Elementary: Concepcion Elememtary School
Concepcion, Baliuag, Bulacan
2008 - 2014
Junior High School: Marian College of Baliuag Inc.
Gil Carlos St., Concepcion, Baliuag, Bulacan
2014 - 2018
Senior High School: Baliuag University
Gil Carlos Street, Baliuag. Bulacan 3006 Philippines

36
 Curriculum Vitae
PERSONAL DETAILS
Name: Ryan Emerson C. Flores
Sex: Male
Date of Birth: June 20, 2001
Place of Birth: Taal, Pulilan, Bulacan
Nationality: Filipino
Religion: Roman Catholic
Address: Makinabang, Baliuag, Bulacan
Cellphone Number: 09431232349
Email: emers0nry4nzxc@gmailcom

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
Elementary:
Junior High School:
Senior High School:
Christ, Saviour, Christian, Academy
Makinabang, Baliuag, Bulacan
2008 - 2014
St. Bernadette, Devine, Academy
Makinbang, Baliuag, Bulacan
2014-2018
Baliuag University
Gil Carlos Street, Baliuag. Bulacan 3006 Philippines

37
 Curriculum Vitae
PERSONAL DETAILS
Name: Kelvin Carl A. De Vera
Sex: Male
Date of Birth: June 15, 2002
Place of Birth: Baliuag Bulacan
Nationality: Filipino
Religion: Roman Catholic
Address: Servando Santos st. Sta. Barbara Baliuag Bulacan
Cellphone Number: 09436089949
Email: kelvincarldevera@gmailcom

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
Elementary:
Junior High School:
Senior High School:
St. Joseph School of Baliuag
Sta. Barbara Baliuag Bulacan
2008 - 2014
Living Angels Christian Academy
Sta. Barbara Baliuag Bulacan
2014 - 2018
Baliuag University
Gil Carlos Street, Baliuag. Bulacan 3006 Philippines

38
 Curriculum Vitae
PERSONAL DETAILS
Name: Kristine Marie C. Nicolas
Sex: Female
Date of Birth: July 10, 2002
Place of Birth: Bustos, Bulacan
Nationality: Filipino
Religion: Roman Catholic
Address: 252 Libis na Malaki, Sulucan, Angat, Bulacan
Cellphone Number: 09336752275
Email: kristinenicolaszzxc4@yahoo.com

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
Elementary:
Junior High School:
Senior High School:
Lourdes College of Bulacan
Marungko, Angat, Bulacan
2008 - 2014
Baliuag University
Gil Carlos St., Concepcion, Baliuag, Bulacan
2014 - 2018
Baliuag University
Gil Carlos Street, Baliuag. Bulacan 3006 Philippines

39
40