MAKALAH

PRONOUNS

Created By :

Nurfadillah Azan Bakri (180230149)

Nurhildayani (180230150)

Pita Vidiasari (180230154)

ENGLISH DEPARTMENT

TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY

UNIVERSITY OF SEMBILANBELAS NOVEMBER

KOLAKA
2019
 PREFACE

First, we offer our thanks to the presence of God Almighty because of His grace
and grace, this paper can be completed on time. The purpose of making this paper
is to fulfill the group assignments of the STRUCTURE II course offered by Mrs.
Wa Ode Nur Maulid, S.Pd., M.Pd in the third semester of the 2019 school year, as
well as a reference for learning for ourselves to get to know, understand, and find
out more about the meanings and kinds of pronouns.

Hopefully this paper entitled Pronoun can provide many benefits in accordance
with the contents contained therein. We are aware of the weaknesses and
limitations of our abilities. Therefore, we accept all constructive suggestions for
the future, and also do not forget we apologize if there are writing errors in this
paper. At then end of my speech, thank you.

Friday, 25 October 2019

Composer
 CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

A. Background
After mastering English well, then we will be able to communicate with
other nations in this world. In addition, we will also be able to add insight and our
knowledge for the progress of our nation and country, because we will be able to
read English literature, listen to radio broadcasts abroad, and watch other science
films. There are so many rules that must be considered in their use, especially in
the field of writing. Therefore, the author tries to present four rules of the many
rules of English, in addition to fulfilling lecture assignments also aims that this
short writing can add to our insight about English.

B. PROBLEM STATEMENT
1. What is the meaning of pronouns
2. Personal pronouns
3. Personal pronouns : agreement with subject
4. Possessive pronouns
5. Reflexive pronouns

C. PURPOSE
1. To know the meaning of pronouns
2. To know Personal pronouns
3. To know Personal pronouns : agreement with subject
4. To know Possessive pronouns
5. To know Reflexive pronouns
 CHAPTER II
DISCUSSION

A. THE DEFINITION OF PRONOUNS

Pronouns are words used to replace people or things. There are 5 types of
person pronouns, namely those that function as subjects (Subject Pronouns), as
objects (object pronoun), as adjectives (possessive adjectives), to express
possessions (possessive pronouns), and to express self-reflection (reflexive or
reciprocal pronouns) . Pronoun generally replace the noun position as subject,
object or complement. So we can conclude that pronoun is a pronoun used to
replace people, animals, and objects. While pronouns in English (Pronouns) are
words that are used to replace nouns (nouns), these nouns can be in the form of
humans, animals, places and abstract concepts. The purpose of using a pronoun
can be caused by many things such as being shorter, a name not mentioned
repeatedly in a sentence and the effectiveness of a sentence.

B. FUNCTION OF PRONOUNS

` Unlike the nouns, Pronoun can function as:

1. Subject

The subject here is the person who do it and usually at the beginning of a
sentence.

Example: They eat (mereka makan).

2. Objects

The object here is the target of the subject (the person who do it) and
usually at the end of the sentence or after the verb .

Example: Jenny killed him (Jenny membunuhnya)

3. Preposition objects

Which includes prepositions are in, on, at, with, by, and others. Pronoun
who is placed after this preposition is called the object.

Example:

- She was surrounded by them (Dia dikelilingi oleh mereka).

- I love butterfly. It is beautiful (Aku suka kupu-kupu. Itu cantik)

4. Complement

Pronoun can also be a complement.

Example: Lisa is My sister (Lisa adalah saudara perempuanku).

C. FORMS OF PRONOUNS
Personal, Possessive, Reflexive Pronouns to distinguish the three, consider
the table below :

Personal Pronouns Possessive Pronouns Reflexive

Pronouns

Subject Object Possessive Possessive

Adjective Pronouns

I Me My … Mine Myself

You You Your … Yours Yourself

They Them Their … Theirs Themselves

We Us Our … Ours Ourselves

He Him His … His Himself

She Her Her … Hers Herself

It It Its … Its Itself

Example:

I go with him to her house. (Artinya: Saya pergi dengan dia ke rumahnya)

He visits our home. (Artinya: Dia mengunjungi rumah kita)

Its tail is very long. (Artinya: Ekornya sangat panjang)

D. TYPES OF PRONOUN
Similar to nouns, pronouns also have several types that need to be known.
The types of pronoun are:

Digunakan First Person Second Person Third Person

(Orang Pertama) (Orang Kedua) (Orang Ketiga)
Untuk
Orang yang Orang yang Orang yang
berbicara diajak dibicarakan
berbicara

Contoh I = saya ( Orang You = He = dia laki-laki

pertama tunggal) kamu/kalian (Orang ketiga
(Orang kedua tunggal)
yang bisa
We = kami/kita She = dia
 (Orang pertama digunakan untuk perampuan
jamak) tunggal maupun (Orang ketiga
jamak) tunggal)

It = itu benda
(kata ganti untuk
benda tunggal)

They = mereka
(orang ketiga
jamak).

Personal Pronoun when viewed from its position in a sentence, can be

divided into two, namely the position as the subject (Nominative Case) and the
position as an object (Objective Case).

a. Subject Pronouns (Nominative Case)

Personal pronouns used as verb subject are I, you, he, she, it, we, and they.
Consider the following example sentence:

Lisa likes cats. She has four cats (Lisa suka kucing. Dia memiliki empat kucing)

In the first sentence, Lisa (proper noun) is the subject of the sentence or
the subject of the verb likes. Whereas in the second sentence, she is the subject of
the sentence and as a pronoun for Lisa.

b. Object Pronouns (Objective Case)

Personal pronouns used as verb objects are me, you, him, her, it, us and
them. Consider the following example sentence:

Lisa likes cats. She likes to stroke them ( Lisa suka kucing. Dia suka membelai
mereka)
 In the first sentence, cats are the object of the sentence or the object of the
verb likes. Whereas in the second sentence, they are object sentences and as
pronouns for cats.

Nominative Case (Posisi sebagai Objective Case (Posisi

subyek/pelaku) sebagai obyek/Orang yang
dikenai pekerjaan)

I (saya) = I go to Me = Khafid was talking

school with me last night by phone

You (kamu/kalian) = You go You = The teacher will

to Paris call you in front of office

They (mereka) = They are Them = I am walking

sleeping with them in the park

We (kami/kita) = We will Us = They give us some

go there candy

She (dia perempuan) = She will Her = Ansdi loves her deep
marry inside

He (dia laki-laki) = He was Him = The window is

born in 1999 opened by him

It (itu benda) = It was It = Daddy will sell it

fun to see the biggest mountain

From the above information it can be concluded that the Personal Pronoun
who plays as a Nominative Case is positioned as a Subject / Perpetrator and
Objective Case as an object / Person subject to work.
1. Possessive Pronouns

Possessive pronouns are pronouns that indicate ownership of an object.

Commonly used words are mine, yours, his, hers, ours, theirs.

Example:

Mine = The house is mine (rumah itu adalah milikku)

Yours = Those books are yours (buku-buku itu adalah milikmu)
Theirs = This class is theirs (kelas ini adalah milik mereka)
Ours = Those ATM card are ours (kartu-kartu ATM itu adalah milik kita)
Hers = The sister is hers (saudara perempuan itu adalah saudaranya dia pr )
His = The dog is his (anjing itu adalah miliknya dia laki-laki)
Its = The food is its (makanan itu adalah miliknya itu benda /kucing)

2. Reflexive Pronoun

Reflexive pronouns are pronouns used to indicate actions or activities

carried out by oneself (subject of the verb). The pronouns used are personal
pronouns (my, your, him, her, it, our, them) plus self for singular or for plural
nouns.

The pronouns used as a reflexive pronoun are: myself, yourself, yourselves,

herself, herself, herself, and itself.

Example:

 He encouraged himself to do his homework immediately (Dia mendorong

dirinya untuk segera mengerjakan pekerjaan rumahnya)
 I enjoyed myself by traveling around the world (Saya menikmati diri saya
dengan berkeliling dunia)
 Mark made himself a sandwich (Mark membuat sandwich untuk dirinya
sendiri)
  The children watched themselves on video (Anak-anak menonton diri
mereka di video)

Reflexive pronouns can also be used after prepositions, for example:

• The children are old enough to look after themselves.(Anak-anak sudah cukup
besar untuk menjaga diri mereka sendiri)

• I looked at myself in the mirror (Saya melihat diri saya di cermin)

3. Pronoun Demonstrative

Demonstrative Pronoun is a pronoun used to indicate the direction,

location, or place of an object. The pronouns used are : this, that, these, and those.
The pronouns point this and these indicate something close, while that and those
indicate something far. If the object is singular, this or that is used, but if the
object is plural then these or those are used.

This = ini (digunakan untuk benda dekat tunggal), Example:

 This is my pen. (Ini pulpen saya)

 What is this? (Apa ini?)

These = ini (digunakan untuk benda dekat jamak), Example:

 These are our cars. (Ini adalah mobil-mobil kita)

 What are these? (Apa ini?)

That = itu (digunakan untuk benda jauh tunggal), Example:

 That is your pen. (Itu pulpen kamu)

 What is that? (Apa itu?)

Those = itu (digunakan untuk benda jauh jamak), Example:

  Those are our car. (Itu adalah mobil-mobil kita)
 What are those? (Apa itu?)

4. Interogative Pronouns

Interrogative pronoun is a pronoun used to submit or initiate a question

sentence. Namely 8W+1H.

1. Who = siapa (menanyakan orang sebagai subject). Ex : Who teaches you

English?

2. Whom = siapa (menanyakan orang sebagai object). Ex : Whom does she love?

3. Whose = kepunyaan siapa. Ex : Whose car is this?

4. What = apa (menanyakan nama, benda, pekerjaan, atau jabatan). Ex : What is

your name?

5. Which= yang mana. Ex : Which do you prefer, the tea or the coffee?

6. Where= dimana/ kemana. Ex : Where do you go?

7. When= kapan. Ex : When can you visit?

8. Why= mengapa/ kenapa Ex : Why do you love me?

9. How= bagaimana, dengan apa. Ex : How does he teach you every day?

5. Relative Pronoun

Relative Pronoun is a pronoun used to combine two sentences into one by

removing the same parts, for example:

- Ina has a sparkle mind.

- I invited her to move.

Digabung :

I invited ina who has a sparkle mind to move.

(saya mengundang ina yang mempunyai pikiran cemerlang untuk pindah)

As for those included in Relative Pronoun, namely :

a. Who (Yang)

To connect sentences that replace people both subjects and objects, for
example:

The girl who I love her is so cute (Perempuan yang saya cintai itu sangat imut)

b. Whom (Yang)

To connect sentences that replace people as objects / sufferers only, for

example :

The girl whom you love is my sister (Wanita yang kamu cintai itu saudara
perempuanku)

c. Whose (Yang Mempunyai)

Used to combine sentences that replace ownership of an object, for

example:

The man whose great house like empire is very kind (Lelaki yang
mempunyai rumah megah seperti istana itu sangat baik sekali).

d. Which (Yang)

Used to combine sentences that replace only objects such as plant animals
and others except humans, for example:

The Islamic Boarding School which I ever stayed is located on Lamokato street.
(Pondok Pesantren yangsaya pernah mondok disana adalah berlokasi di jalan
Lamokato.)
e. What (Yang)

To connect sentences that replace single objects, but the object is not
mentioned, for example:

That is what I find. (Itulah yang saya cari-cari.)

f. That (Yang)

Used to combine sentences that replace subjects and objects, for example:

The smiling that you throw to me, make me not aware lady nina.
(Senyuman yang engkau lemparkan padaku itu, membuatku tak sadar nyonya
nina).
 CHAPTER III

CONCLUSION

A. Conclusion

The background to the preparation of this paper is to broaden our horizons

and complete the STRUCTURE II group work. It can be concluded that the
pronoun is a pronoun that functions as a subject. I, you, we, they, he, and she are
used to change people. He, she and it are singular subject (third-person singular)
which is always followed by singular verb.
 REFERENCES

Suherman, Aas. 2012. Top Grammar A Guide to Write English. Cosmic:Pare

Betty Schrampfer Azar-Understanding and Using English Grammar

http://www.drgrammar.org/

https://www.wordsmile.com/pengertian-macam-contoh-kalimat-pronouns
 TABLE OF CONTENT

PREPACE

TABLE OF CONTENT

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCATION

A. BACKGROUND
B. PROBLEM STATEMENT
C. PURPOSE

CHAPTER II

DISCUSSION

A. THE DEFINATION OF PRONOUNS

B. PERSONAN PRONOUNS
C. PERSONAL PRONOUNS : AGREEMENT WITH SUBJECT
D. POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS
E. REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS

CAHPTER III

A. CONCLUSION

REFERENCES