Water Bottle Design as an Alternative Source of Hydroelectric Power

A Research Proposal

Presented to:

MR. DEN KARL G. FLORES

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements

of the Subject Practical Research

Presented by:

ARCIGA, Ricah Mae T.

BADAJOS, Junclyford

CATAPANG, Erlyn Felicity

MONGADO, Lanilyn P.
 CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

Water power offers a number of advantages to the communities that

they serve. Hydropower is fueled by water, so it's a clean fuel source, meaning
it won't pollute the air like power plants that burn fossil fuels, such as coal or
natural gas. Hydroelectric power is a domestic source of energy, allowing each
state to produce their own energy without being reliant on international fuel
sources. The energy generated through hydropower relies on the water cycle,
which is driven by the sun, making it a renewable power source, making it a
more reliable and affordable source than fossil fuels that are rapidly being
depleted. Impoundment hydropower creates reservoirs that offer a variety of
recreational opportunities, notably fishing, swimming, and boating. Most
water power installations are required to provide some public access to the
reservoir to allow the public to take advantage of these opportunities. Some
hydropower facilities can quickly go from zero power to maximum output.
Because hydropower plants can generate power to the grid immediately, they
provide essential back-up power during major electricity outages or
disruptions.

However, hydropower also has plenty of disadvantages. Fish populations

can be impacted if fish cannot migrate upstream past impoundment dams to
spawning grounds or if they cannot migrate downstream to the ocean.
Upstream fish passage can be aided using fish ladders or elevators, or by
trapping and hauling the fish upstream by truck. Downstream fish passage is
aided by diverting fish from turbine intakes using screens or racks or even
underwater lights and sounds, and by maintaining a minimum spill flow past
the turbine.

In response to these issues, researchers came up with an idea of

designing the recycled water bottle as an alternative source of hydroelectric
power, that can help to expand the access of electricity to modern energy
services for developing countries, especially in the poorest countries.
Hundreds of millions of people have gained the access of modern energy over
the past two decades, especially in the country of China and India.
 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

The study aims for the development of the alternative source of

hydropower which is very beneficial to everyone and to those area where
electricity is not available. Also in this century, electricity is very useful for
electric equipment, there are possibilities wherein the disturbance of voltage
sag. In order to achieve this eco-friendly power source, a recycled water bottle
is design to be an alternative source of hydroelectric power.

Specifically, it required in achieving the following objectives:

1. To document the design of the recycled water bottle.

2. To design and develop a recycled water bottle as an alternative
source of hydropower energy.
3. To get the amount of energy generated from the water bottle.
4. To evaluate

HYPOTHESIS

H0: There is no significant difference in inventing recycled water bottle as an

alternative source of hydropower.

SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS

The study focused on making an improvised hydroelectric power out of

the dynamo, water bottle, thread seal tape, styro foam, small plastic spoon.
This study required methods or procedures like assembling, and testing. The
purpose of the improvised hydroelectric power is to provide an efficient
electric equipment that is a necessity in times of loss of the electrical power.

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The study about the alternative equipment for loss of electrical power can
be a great help to those rural residents who are far from the availability of
electrical sources. This study is also for those people who cannot afford to pay
electrical bills. Affected areas of the interrupted supply of power may also
benefit the invention. Since there are developing countries or areas where
electricity is not available, through the help of this study, people can easily
generate electricity that can be good for nature given that it does not pollute
the air unlike the power plants that burn fossil fuels.

The outcome of the study would provide alternative equipment for loss of
electrical power. The study gives benefit to the following:

Rural Residents. They will be catered with an alternative source of electricity

since they are far from the availability of electrical sources.

People who are not financially stable. The materials required in making the
equipment are mostly recycled.

Department of Energy. The study contributes a great help ensure the efficiency
of energy due to the rapid growth of the country’s demand for energy.

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

According to USGS (United States Geological Survey), Hydroelectric energy

is produced by the force of falling water. The capacity to produce this energy
is dependent on both the available flow and the height from which it falls.
Building up behind a high dam, water accumulates potential energy. This is
transformed into mechanical energy when the water rushes down the sluice
and strikes the rotary blades of turbine. The turbine's rotation spins
electromagnets which generate current in stationary coils of wire. Finally, the
current is put through a transformer where the voltage is increased for long
distance transmission over power lines. However, environmental
consequences of hydropower are related to interventions in nature due to
damming of water, changed water flow and the construction of roads and
power lines. Hydroelectric power plants may affect fish is a complex
interaction between numerous physical and biological factors. More user
interests related to exploitation of fish species, which helps that this is a field
that many have strong opinions on. Fish habitats are shaped by physical
factors such as water level, water velocity and shelter opportunities and
access to food. Draining would be completely devastating to the fish. Beyond
this, the amount of water may have different effects on the fish in a river,
depending on the type and stage of the life cycle. Not all unregulated river
systems are optimal in terms of fish production, because of large fluctuations
in flow. Another disadvantage is the cost it takes. Building power plants in
general is expensive. Hydroelectric power plants are not an exception to this.
On the other hand, these plants do not require a lot of workers and
maintenance costs are usually low. Drought can also be a drawback of
hydropower. Electricity generation and energy prices are directly related to
how much water is available.

The researchers came up with an idea of designing the water bottle as an

alternative source of hydroelectricity that could be efficient to those countries
who has a low access of electricity. Like in Niger, only 14% of their population
can enjoy the access of electricity.Most of their population lives in rural area,
and they didn’t have any electrical source.

REFERENCES

https://www.usgs.gov/special-topic/water-science-
school/science/hydroelectric-power-water-use?qt-
science_center_objects=0#qt-science_center_objects

https://www.toppr.com/bytes/hydroelectric-energy/

https://www.envirothonpa.org/documents/19bHydropowerAdvantagesand
Disadvantages.pdf

cHARCHAR

Hundreds and millions of people around world have gained access of

modern energy over the past two decades, especially in China and India.
According to the source, an estimated one billion people, which is 14% of our
globe population did not have any access electricity. That’s why many has
suffer from power shortage.

The main purpose of this research is to make a progress of developing

electricity by using an recycled water bottle as a design.

CHAROOOOOWT MAG HIMO NA GYUD TA GUYS KANANG TIMUORAY

HAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAAHA
 CHAPTER 2

METHODOLOGY

 2 Dynamo
 1 Wilkins distilled water bottle (7 liters)
 Thread seal tape
 Styro foam (5 inches)
 Small plastic spoon
