Carrera de Mecatronica Ingles 1: Universidad Tecnológica de Campeche

UNIVERSIDAD TECNOLÓGICA DE CAMPECHE
CARRERA DE MECATRONICA
INGLES 1
NOMBRE DEL ALUMNO:

JORGE ENRIQUE HIDALGO RODRÍGUEZ
NOMBRE DEL PROFESOR:

HILDA SOFÍA BARRIENTO DEL ROSARIO
TEMA:
SUJECT PRONOUN
POSSESIVE ADJECTIVES
INDE FINITE ARTICLE
PLURAL AND SINGULAR NOUNS
PRESENT SIMPLE
ADVERBS OF FRECUENCY
REGULAR AND IREGULAR VERBS
PREPOSITION OF TIME AND PLACE
GRUPO: 1-A
FECHA DE ENTREGA:
NOVIEMBRE 11 DE 2010.
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OBJECT PRONOUN
Definition:: It is a pronoun that is used as an object in the sentence.
Remember: A subjective or subject pronoun does the action and goes BEFORE the verb while
object pronouns go AFTER the verb.
OBJECT PRONOUNS :
SINGULAR: —> Me (first person) You (2nd) Her / him / it (third person)
PLURAL —> Us (1st) You (2nd) Them (3rd)
** No confundir con los possessive adjectives: my, your, his, her, its, our, your, their
Figura # 2
As we see the object pronouns receive the action of the word and can be direct or indirect objects. IN
Spanish this is understood as me, it is, we, os etc. . In english whenever there is a pronoun object should
be placed in prayer (as with thesubject pronoun).
Examples: imagine they see shoes and say, "I like". This in english is not I like or worse i like. First that I
like this incomplete since it was not says elo object.
- The prayer: i want to a kiss. —–> I want to give her a kiss. (Assuming that the object is a woman)
-I love him/her. (As we see no tacit and we should put "I" and also the objecto (in this case indirect) him
her or also it agree to the context.
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THE ADJECTIVES POSSESSIVE
Sound: my, your, his, her, its, our, your, their. Refer to anyone who owns and not to what
possessed. In general precede substantive. Here you can find examples translated into Spanish.
my (mái) - mi, mis

your (iór) - tu, tus / su, sus (de usted)
his (jis) - su, sus (de él)
her (jer) - su, sus (de ella)
its (its) - su, sus (de algo)
our (áuar) - nuestro/a/os/as
your (iór) - su, sus (de ustedes/vosotros)
their (dér) - su, sus (de ellos/as)
my (mái) - mi, mis
 I am a teacher. I like my job.

Soy profesor. Me gusta mi trabajo.
 I live with my girlfriend in New York.
Vivo con mi novia en Nueva York.
 On Sundays I play tennis with my friends.
Los domingos juego al tenis con mis amigos.
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your (iór) - tu, tus / su, sus (de usted)
 What is your name?

¿Cuál es tu nombre?
 Do you like your job?
¿Te gusta tu trabajo?
 You work here, and your wife works here too.
Tú trabajas aquí y tu esposa trabaja aquí también.
 Can you give me your opinion about this?
¿Puedes darme tu opinión acerca de ésto?
his (jis) - su, sus (de él)
 Bill washes his car every day.

Bill lava su auto todos los días.
 Jack lives here, with his parents.
Jack vive aquí, con sus padres.
 He is painting his house.
El está pintando su casa.
 He wants to sell his car.
El quiere vender su auto.
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her (jer) - su, sus (de ella)
 Mary went to her English class yesterday.

Mary fue a su clase de inglés ayer.
 She is sad because her teachers are very strict.
Ella está triste porque sus maestros son muy estrictos.
 Sarah is married. Her husband works with me.
Sarah está casada. Su esposo trabaja conmigo.
 Diana still lives with her parents.
Diana todavía vive con sus padres.
its (its) - su, sus (de algo)
 This car has a hole in its roof.

Este auto tiene un agujero en su techo.
 We are studying Japan and its culture.
Estamos estudiando al Japón y su cultura.
 New York is famous for its exciting nightlife.
Nueva York es famosa por su excitante vida nocturna.
 The government announced its goals for this year.
El gobierno anunció sus metas para este año.
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our (áuar) - nuestro/a/os/as
 The Earth is our planet.

La Tierra es nuestro planeta.
 We cook our own meals.
Cocinamos nuestras propias comidas.
 We don't want to spend all our money.
No queremos gastar todo nuestro dinero.
 We live with our parents.
Vivimos con nuestros padres.
your (iór) - su, sus (de ustedes/vosotros)

 You all love your country.
Todos ustedes aman a su país.
 You all have to make your own decisions.
Ustedes tienen que tomar sus propias decisiones.
 I want to thank you all for your help.
Quiero agradecerles a todos ustedes por su ayuda.
 You are my parents and I am your son.
Ustedes son mis padres y yo soy su hijo.
 their (dér) - su, sus (de ellos/as)
 Our neighbors are painting their house.

Nuestros vecinos están pintando su casa.
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 Grandparents usually love their grandchildren.

Los abuelos generalmente aman a sus nietos.
 I saw Sally and John with their children.
Ví a Sally y John con sus hijos.
 Most Americans love their cars.
La mayoría de los norteamericanos aman a sus autos.
THE INDEFINITE ARTICLE (= a, an)

As in English, the Spanish indefinite article is used before nouns referring to things being
newly introduced into the discourse. Articles function as adjectives; they precede the nouns
they modify and agree with them in number and gender.
Unlike the definite article, the indefinite article is used much less in Spanish than in English.
(See rules below)
FORMS OF THE INDEFINITE ARTICLE
Singular Plural
Masculine uno1 unos2
Feminine una unas2
1.*One is used only as a pronoun (one) (more on that); the masculine singular
article form is a: or*There is a book on the table; there is also one on your
desktop. 2.*The plural forms correspond to some, a few and sometimes to a pair:

 .*Following be before nouns referring to profession, nationality, religion,
or other status: or*I am a doctor and my wife is a lawyer or
 But: article is used when noun is modified:
 I am a good doctor.
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 Is a lawyer who has considerable experience.
 After having, have, lead, use with unmodified nouns, especially when
verb is negated: or*(Not) there are textbook.
 There is a (there is no) textbook or *Must use pencil to take the test.
 You should use to pencil to take the test.
THE INDEFINITE ARTICLE

1.
Following be before nouns referring to profession, nationality, religion, or other status:

I am a doctor and my wife is a lawyer.
But: article is used when noun is modified:

I am a good doctor.
It is a lawyer who has considerable experience.
After having, have, lead, use with unmodified nouns, especially when verb is negated:
(No) there are textbook.
There is a (there is no) textbook.
You must use pencil to take the test.
You should use to pencil to take the test. (Not) we have house.
But: article is used when noun is modified, or when the number one is being stressed:
I do not have a brother, but three.
I don't have one brother, but three. Wearing a tie red.
I wear a red tie. There is a house that we like.
There is a house that we like. After with, without before unmodified nouns:
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I am now without a car (without a car). Before 100, true, as, a thousand, what!, such; after
ocotepeque; before or after medium, another: In the park is a true young practicing juggling.
SINGULAR & PLURAL NOUNS

Single & Plural Nouns PDF File Worksheets (includes flashcards)

Singular Noun Definition: When a noun means one only, it is said to be singular.
Examples: boy, girl, book, church, box
Plural Noun Definition: When a noun means more than one, it is said to be plural.
Examples: boys, girls, books, churches
Rule #1
The plural of nouns is usually formed by adding - s to a singular noun.
lamp lamps
cat cats
fork forks
flower flowers
pen pens
Exercise: Write the plural of each of these nouns
chair star farm

storm door rock
owner paper cup
Rule #2
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Nouns ending in s, z, x, sh, and ch form the plural by adding - es.
moss mosses
buzz buzzes
box boxes
dish dishes
church churches
Exercise: Write the plural of each of these nouns
dress brush hex

wish class fox
cross bench bush
ax grass mantis

Special Note:
If you add - s to such nouns as fox, bush, and bench, you will find that you cannot
pronounce them without making an additional syllable. This is why such nouns form the
plural by adding - es.
SINGULAR AND PLURAL NOUNS
DEFINITION:
The noun is the word we use to appoint the objects, people, to the countries, etc. Like the
articles, they have gender (male or female), and number (singular or plural). These
characteristics should coincide with the article. Substantive plural and substantive unique to
classify the substantive take into account the number (one or more than one). That is the
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unique class is an element.
The plural, by contrast, is distinguished by the presence of more than one element.
EXAMPLE:
Terminación Singular Plural
The cup The glasses

A
The bureau the tables
the tiger the tigers

E
the tower The towers
THE during The courses

O
the book The books
Exception: Nationality Examples:
*ENGLISH - THE BRITISH
*FRENCH - THE FRENCH
*THE DUTCH - THE DUTCH
*PORTUGUESE - THE PORTUGUESE
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*JAPANESE - THE JAPANESE
Las palabras que terminan en -Z, cambian a –CES.
Ejemplos:
Terminación Singular Plural
la nariz las narices
la vez las veces

Z
el lápiz los lápices
la voz las voces
 el este
 el oeste
 el norte
 el sur
 la sed
PRESENT SIMPLE
PRESENT SIMPLE Is the time verbale this (and not aspect perfective) that expresses
action, i.e., habits, routines in everyday life. The difference between present perfect in the
latter has Perfective aspect, and the present continuous that this other looks progressive.
Affirmative
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To make this simple should add a "s" at the end of the word of the third person singular.
The rest of the people, he was not adds nothing.
to to to
to
eat talk play
drink
'com 'habl 'jugar
'beber'
er' ar' '
I eat talk play drink
You eat talk play drink
He/She/It eats talks plays drinks
We eat talk play drink
They eat talk play drink
Examples: You work in a company 'Tú trabajas en una empresa'

He drinks a lot of water 'Él toma mucha agua'
Si el verbo termina en "y" cuando antes de ésta se sitúa una consonante se cambia ésta por
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una "i" y se le agrega la desinencia "es" en la tercera persona del singular.
to carry to study to copy
I carry study copy
You carry study copy
He/She/It carries studies copies
We carry study copy
They carry study copy
He flies an airplane.
She studies for the test of tomorrow.
En cambio, si el verbo termina en O, CH, SH, X, SS o Z no se cambian estas terminaciones

y se le agrega la terminación -es en la tercera persona del singular.
to wash to watch fix
I wash watch fix
You wash watch fix
He/She/It washes watches fixes
We wash watch fix
They wash watch fix
EXEMPLO:
- She goes to the theater.
- He watches T.V.
Excepciones en conjugaciones de verbo afirmativa
Las excepciones son los verbos "to be", "to have", "can", "may", "must", que significan ser
(o estar), haber (o tener), poder(con sentido de tener posibilidad o capacidad de hacer
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algo),poder(con sentido de tener permiso para hacer algo) y deber.
be have can may must
I am have can may must
You are have can may must
He/She/It is has can may must
We are have can may must
You are have can may must
They are have can may must
Los verbos to be y to have hicieron sus conjugaciones en tercera persona del singular de
forma diferente, en cambio "can", "may" y "must" no agregaron desinencia alguna, porque
también cumple el papel de auxiliar y necesitan el acompañamiento de un verbo para que
puedan formar una oración.
NOTA: El verbo to be y to have también pueden cumplir el papel de auxiliar.

Negativas
La conjugación negativa se hace con el verbo "to do" en negativo más el verbo en cuestión,
que no sufre desinencia alguna. Se coloca don't (do not)después del sujeto y antes del
verbo en todas las conjugaciones, excepto con la de la tercera persona del singular, cuyo
auxiliar es doesn't (does not)
Exemplo de conjugación:
to sleep
I don't sleep
You don't sleep
doesn't
He/She/It
sleep
We don't sleep
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They don't sleep
EXEMPLO:
I don't like broccoli = No me gusta el brócoli. He doesn't sing in the shower = Él no canta en
la ducha.
NOTA: Cuando va el auxiliar DOES en la tercera persona al verbo se le quita lo añadido en

la forma afirmativa.
Excepciones en conjugaciones de oraciones negativas
Con los verbos "to be", "to have", "to do", "can", "may", "must", "will" o "shall", "should",
"could", "would" se le agrega la partícula "not" al final del verbo.
You|| are not|| have not|| do not || can not|| may not|| must not|| will not / shall not || should not
|| could not || would not
to to to can may must will o should could would
be have do shall
I am have do can may must will not should could would

not not not not not not / shall not not not
not
You are have do can may must will not should could would
not not not not not not not not not
He/She/It is has does can may must will not should could would
We are have do can may must will not should could would
not not not not not not / shall not not not
not
They are have do can may must will not should could would
Recuerde que usualmente que estos verbos sufren contracciones como éstas:
Can not = Can't Must not = Mustn't Have not = Haven't Has not = Hasn't Are not = Aren't
Is not = Isn't Would not = Wouldn't Do not = Don't Does not = Doesn't Will not = Won't
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Shall not = Shan¨t Should not = Shouldn't Could not = Couldn't

Interrogativas don't or doesn't does do
Interrogativas afirmativas
Se hacen oraciones con la forma:
(WH (W question word)) + Auxiliar (do / does) + Sujeto + Verbo + Complemento
En las oraciones interrogativas hay que recordar que se coloca un sólo signo de
interrogación al final. Ejemplos:
Do you run in the park everyday? '¿Corres en el parque todos los días?'
Do you want to buy a car? '¿Queréis comprar un coche?'
Does he come to your house? '¿Él viene para tu casa?'
How can you say me that? '¿Cómo puedes decirme eso?'
Interrogativas con verbos que no aceptan el auxiliar "to do"
Los verbos "to be", "to have" y "can" no aceptan el auxiliar "to do". El orden que utilizan
estos verbos es el siguiente:
Verbo (afirmativo o negativo) + Sujeto + Complemento
.
Example:
Do I have a car? (¿Tengo un auto?)
Se usan las particulas do/does + sujeto + verbo + Complemento

Véase también
 El presente simple del verbo "TO BE" se conjuga solo y en sus tres formas:
afirmativa, negativa e interrogativa.
EXAMPLE:
 Presente
ADVERBS OF FREQUENCY
To say what so often does something. The 'Adverbs of frequency' are usually used to this simple
because they indicate repetitive activities or routine. For example, 'They often go out for dinner.'
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The 'Adverbs of frequency' include (from the more frequent until the less frequent):
always
usually
often
sometimes
occasionally
seldom
rarely
never
If the sentence has a verb (to say a word not assistant) put the adverb in half of the sentence
after the subject and before the verb.
Tom usually goes to work by car.

Janet never flies. She always goes by bus.
Los 'Adverbs of frequency' vienen después del verbo 'be':
EXEMPLO:
I am never late for work.

Peter is often at school.
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If the sentence has more than a verb (to say a auxiliary verb), put the 'adverb of frequency' before the
word.
EXEMPLO:
I can never remember anything!

They have often visited Rome.
When you use 'adverbs of frequency' in the negative form or interrogative, put the 'adverb of
frequency' before the word.
REGULAR AND IRREGULAR VERBS

Verbs which do not follow the common pattern of the conjugation of verbs. •*John will
awake in two hours because he has to go to the stadium. [John wake in two hours
because he has to go to the stadium]
•*Albert has mehr the stadium]
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•*Albert has mehr from a two-week coma. [Albert has awakened from a coma for two
weeks]
•*My grandson wants to become a medic when he grows up. [My grandson wants to be
a doctor when he grows up]
•*The Spanish grows up]
•*The Spanish company, The Mono Soft, will be bidding for that mansion
EXAMPLE OF IRREGULAR VERBS:

 Q things already q is lindo
 there is nothing here in english ill and mech in Irregular
 Dodd (comparative, superlative) seems to me interesting this page, the truth me
lo encontre by chance.
REGULAR VERBS
Positive form:

I lived in Greece when I was a child...But now I live in Italy

He answered the question first.
 She relaxed yesterday.
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 It played the violin last night.....
 Wecelebrated mom`s birthday last Saturday
 They played beach volley last week end
Note: All persons in the past have the same form:

I you he she it we they played
visited etc

Negative form:

You have to use didn´t + the infinitive of the verb (without to) for all persons.
Examples:

I didn`t visit Paris when I was in France last year...A pity!
You didn`t study maths last week. So you failed your exam
He didn´t relax last Monday. He worked a lot. Now he is tired indeed.

She didn`t prepare salad. She prepared pasta.

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It didn´t play the piano last night....It played the banjo!

We didn`t start the meeting at twelve. It started at two p.m

They didn`t like the colour of our house.

PREPOSITION OF PLACE (AT, ON, IN)

Uses of at, in, and on
In: We use in to specify that a noun (object, person etc) is inside.
Examples:
- Where is your father? He’s in the kitchen.
- Who is in the room?
- Brian was swimming in the ocean.
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- Bogota is in Colombia.
* “IN” es usado para decir y explicar que un objeto, animal o persona se encuentra dentro de un
lugar, objeto o sitio.
At: We use at to refer to a “general” location.
Examples:
- Maria is at the window talking on the phone.
- Juan is at the table with his girlfriend.
- Please read the paragraph at the top of the page.
Examples:
- Your books are on the shelf.
- Don’t put your hands on my head.
- There is an orange on the table.
We always say : on a horse, on a bike (bicycle) , on a motorcycle and we usually say on a plane.
The preposiciones (prepositions) are invariable words that introduce a sintagma preposicional
(prepositional phrase). As we’ll see in upcoming levels, the preposiciones tend to accompany
certain verbs and are called régimen preposicional (prepositional regimen) Ex: confiar en (to
trust in), hablar de (to speak of), soñar con (to dream with), quejarse de (to complain of)…
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Indícate time:
 Llagaré a las siete. (I’ll get there at seven)
 Vendré a buscarlo a las dos. (I’ll come look for him at two)
 A Medianoche debes estar dormida. (At midnight you should be asleep)
3. Object / finality / indirect object:
 Voy a buscar el libro. (I’m going to look for the book)
 Quiero comprar un perro a mi hijo. (I want to buy my son a dog).
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Carrera de Mecatronica Ingles 1: Universidad Tecnológica de Campeche

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UNIVERSIDAD TECNOLÓGICA DE CAMPECHE

NOMBRE DEL ALUMNO:

NOMBRE DEL PROFESOR:

THE ADJECTIVES POSSESSIVE

my (mái) - mi, mis

my (mái) - mi, mis

 I am a teacher. I like my job.

your (iór) - tu, tus / su, sus (de usted)

 What is your name?

his (jis) - su, sus (de él)

 Bill washes his car every day.

her (jer) - su, sus (de ella)

 Mary went to her English class yesterday.

its (its) - su, sus (de algo)

 This car has a hole in its roof.

our (áuar) - nuestro/a/os/as

 The Earth is our planet.

your (iór) - su, sus (de ustedes/vosotros)

 their (dér) - su, sus (de ellos/as)

 Our neighbors are painting their house.

 Grandparents usually love their grandchildren.

THE INDEFINITE ARTICLE (= a, an)

 But: article is used when noun is modified:

 Is a lawyer who has considerable experience.

 You should use to pencil to take the test.

THE INDEFINITE ARTICLE

Following be before nouns referring to profession, nationality, religion, or other status:

But: article is used when noun is modified:

I do not have a brother, but three.

I don't have one brother, but three. Wearing a tie red.

I wear a red tie. There is a house that we like.

SINGULAR & PLURAL NOUNS

Exercise: Write the plural of each of these nouns

chair star farm

Nouns ending in s, z, x, sh, and ch form the plural by adding - es.

dress brush hex

SINGULAR AND PLURAL NOUNS

unique class is an element.

Terminación Singular Plural

The cup The glasses

the tiger the tigers

THE during The courses

Exception: Nationality Examples:

*ENGLISH - THE BRITISH

*FRENCH - THE FRENCH

*THE DUTCH - THE DUTCH

*PORTUGUESE - THE PORTUGUESE

*JAPANESE - THE JAPANESE

Las palabras que terminan en -Z, cambian a –CES.

Terminación Singular Plural

la nariz las narices

la vez las veces

la voz las voces

I eat talk play drink

You eat talk play drink

He/She/It eats talks plays drinks

We eat talk play drink

They eat talk play drink

Examples: You work in a company 'Tú trabajas en una empresa'

una "i" y se le agrega la desinencia "es" en la tercera persona del singular.

to carry to study to copy

I carry study copy