design method

&
creative program
 Method

A pattern-based method A force-based method A concepts-based method

Pattern of special use, Focus on negotiation of complex Using framing idea as a way of
forces conceptualized as pressure, organizing a coherent architectural
application of rules-of-thumb
assets, constraints, and flows response (most prevalent, least
documented, most discussed +-
Rational
Larger degree of flexibility in terms of
final outcome It uses metaphors, analogies,
questions, and the big idea
Axis, grid, plan
Ex:
Coherence is how the various
Typology Sullivan  function is a force that
elements, events, forms,
shapes form
occupations, materials, circulation,
FL Wright the building exterior was shapes, textures, colors and
Architecture is fundamentally about masses address the major
the result of the forces of the interior
the composition and arrangement intentions of the design proposal
of element in space BIG, OMA REX etc

Ex: Alberti, Venturi, Gehry, Hadid

Ex: Durand
 framework & method

• Pattern-based framework do not need to identify the

problems to solve in order to have a successful outcome
• Force-based methods, focused on the negotiation of
assets, constrains, and opportunities, is probably the
closest to what most design researchers would consider
a standard problem-solving approach
• Concept-based methods could approach design a
problem-solving through identifying a question, then use
it as an organizational device for design process and
generate varied formal responses
 What is programming

A systematic method of inquiry that

delineates the context within which
the designing must be done as well
as define the requirements that a
successful project must meet
 What is architectural programming

The process of managing information

so that the right kind of information is
available at the right stage of the
design process and the best possible
decisions can be made in shaping the
outcome of the building design.
Steps process of programming:
1. Establish Goals - What does we
(the client) want to achieve and
why?
2. Collect and Analyze Facts - What
do we know? What is given?
3. Uncover and Test Concepts - How
does we (the client) want to achieve
the goals?
4. Determine Needs - How much
money and space? What level of
quality?
5. State the Problem - What are the
significant conditions affecting the
design of the building? What are the
general directions the design should
take?
The Problem Statement should address the
following issues:
• Function - What’s going to happen to our
building?
• People
• Activities
• Relationships
• Form - What is there now? What will be
there?
• Site
• Environment
• Quality
• Economy - How much will it cost, now and
over time? What is the quality?
• Initial budget
• Operating costs
• Life cycle costs
• Time - What are the influences of history?
How will we deal with change?
• Past
• Present
• Future
• A functional program describes the
requirements which a building must satisfy in
order to support and enhance human
activities.
• The programming process seeks to answer
the following questions:
• What is the nature and scope of the
problem?
• What information is required to develop a
proper architectural solution to the
problem?
• How much and what type of space is
needed?
• What space will be needed in the future
to continue to operate efficiently?
A functional program is generally created
through the following activities:
• Describe our (the client’s) philosophy,
vision and goals
• Describe the services that are to be
provided by the new facility
• Identify how the services will be delivered
and/or operational characteristics
• Identify activities, workload, throughput
and other measurements that may have
an impact on space
• Identify the number of people and/or
staff required to provide the services and
all other occupants
• Identify major equipment used in the
provision of services
• Identify relationships between spaces
or groups of spaces
• Prepare detailed space requirements
Imperial 
War, UK
Imperial 
War, UK
Imperial 
War, UK
Imperial 
War, UK
Chikatsu
Atsuka, JP
Taliesin West, 
USA
Taliesin West, 
USA
Taliesin West, 
USA
Taliesin West, 
USA
Taliesin West, 
USA
fin