Question No.

Define Web Development Technology. List down Top 16

technologies till 2020.

Answer:

Web Development Technology

Web development broadly refers to the tasks associated with developing websites
for hosting via intranet or internet. Since the computers can’t communicate with each
other the way people do, they require codes instead.

Web technologies are the markup languages and multimedia packages computers
use to communicate. Technologies used for web development are called Web
Development Technologies. Top 17 technologies are given below:

1. HTML & CSS

These are two of the core technologies for building Web pages.
HTML (the Hypertext Markup Language)-provides the basic structure of the page.

CSS (Cascading Style Sheets)- the (visual and aural) layout, for a variety of devices.

2. Chatbots
 A chatbot is an artificial intelligence (AI) software chatbot only represents the
Natural Language Processing (NLP)
Target customer engagement. Deepens customer loyalty as it responds quickly. supports
hundreds of conversations in parallel. Personalization and 26/7 availability.

3. Blockchain

Blockchain also known as bitcoin is an ever-growing list of records called blocks

which are linked using cryptography. Cryptography is a process which encrypts and
secures data communication to prevent third-parties from reading private messages.
It has a strict protocol for inter-node communication and new block validation
process. It makes much easier for banks and financial organizations to keep their
customers’ data secure by means of algorithms. Blockchain comes as one of the most
secure web technology trends in the coming years.

4. Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning

Artificial intelligence it is the study of how to train the computers so that

computers can do things which at present human can do better.” Therefore, it is an
intelligence where we want to add all the capabilities to machine that human contain.
The goal is to learn from data on certain task to maximize the performance of machine
on this task. AI is decision making.
Machine Learning which is defined as the attainment of knowledge or skill The
aim is to increase accuracy, but it does not care about success It is a simple concept
machine takes data and learn from data It involves in creating self-learning algorithms. It
allows system to learn new things from data. It will go for only solution for that whether
it is optimal or not. It leads to knowledge.

5. Thriving push notifications

Push notifications at their core are simply a way of alerting users to information
that they have opted-in to from apps and services. They are found to be the most
significant services to grab the attention of visitors and customers.

6. AMP prevails
7. AMP (Accelerated Mobile Pages) is built to make the whole performance of web ads
and content much better when working on website speed and user experience.
Ever since Google found mobile-friendly websites more important, the responsive
web design method became mainstream. It launched a developer preview of new AMP
story format that specially designed to give content publishers an easy solution to
deliver news and information on mobile devices with visually rich content, tap-through
stories.

8. Promising RAIL concept

Response Animation Idle Load (RAIL) designing concept is expected to be in

demand in the future. The concept is related to a much faster load time (less than one
second) and the outstanding website performance.
Its main concern is convenient and pleasant user experience. RAIL divides UX into
drag, tap, scroll, and so on actions and gives performance goals with a useful structure
for the better performance

9. Static website
 It is widely known that dynamic websites or dominating static websites. However,
static websites have not lost their importance as thought to bea website having a quick
load time promises the intact success.
A static website can fulfil such purposes and give an economical choice to
businessmen. However, web design must be interesting for customers. This trend in web
design will have a golden future.

10. Motion UI

ZURB is a product design company that has helped over 300 companies create
better products, websites and services since 1998. Motion UI is ZURB’s own Sass library
that offers nothing but customizable transitions and animations for a website.
It’s one of the most rapidly gaining popularity libraries because it enables
developers to animate content as easy as possible even without having a solid
foundation in Java Script or jQuery library.

11. Internet of things (IoT)

 The Internet of Things refers to the ever-growing network of physical objects that
feature an IP address for internet connectivity, and the communication that occurs
between these objects and other Internet-enabled devices and systems
According to Statista, there are going to be around 31 million connected devices
in 2020. Examples include connected security systems, intelligently processes, electronic
appliances, vending machines and much more.

12. Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR)

Augmented reality (AR) adds digital elements to a live view often by using the
camera on a smartphone. Examples of augmented reality experiences include Snapchat
lenses and the game Pokemon Go.

Virtual reality (VR) implies a complete immersion experience that shuts out the
physical world. Using VR devices sers can be transported into a number of real-world
and imagined environments such as the middle of a squawking penguin colony or even
the back of a drago

13. Emergence of progressive web app (PWA)

 A Progressive Web App (PWA) is a mobile-first application that combines the best
of the web and the best of native apps to offer an optimized experience to engage more
users in powerful applications
PWAs allows to provide the same functionality and faultless user experience to a
native app. After the introduction of PWA by the eCommerce giant Flipkart, a rise of
70% is found in conversations.

14. Single page application (SPA)

The finest examples of Single page application (SPA) are Gmail, Github, and
Facebook. An SPA removes the need for reloading the web page while being in use by
loading all the content via JavaScript.
SPAs work internally in the browser and show natural behavior. Users find it
convenient due to not having extra waiting time

15. Programming languages

Programming languages are ways to communicate to computers and tell them
what to do. Below are just some of the languages
I. JavaScript - used by all web browsers, Meteor, and lots of other frameworks.

II. Coffeescript - is a kind of “dialect” of JavaScript. It is viewed as simpler and easier

on your eyes as a developer but it complies (converts) back into JavaScript

III. Go(Golang) – Google’s general-purpose programming language engineered for

the multi-core reality of today’s computers. One of the newer languages, built for
speed.
IV. Objective-C - the programming language lead by Apple. It is an object oriented,
general purpose and adds to new language features in the C programming
language.

16. API (application programming interface)

An API allows other developers to use some of the app’s functionality without
sharing the code.

API can control access with an API key. Examples of well-made APIs are those
created by Facebook, Twitter, and Google for their web services

17. Data formats

Data is stored in the structure called a data format. Some famous data forts include:

I. JSON – JavaScript Object Notation is a syntax for storing and exchanging data (just
like XML). It is currently becoming the most popular data format out there.

II. XML – Predominantly used by Microsoft systems, it used to be the most popular
data format

III. CSV – is data formatted by commas; for example Excel data.

Question No.2
 What are MIME types? List down famous MIME types and
extensions.

Answer:

MIME TYPES
MIME (Multi-purpose Internet Mail Extensions) is an expansion of the
original Internet e-mail protocol that exchanges different kinds of data files on the
Internet: MIME (Multi-purpose Internet Mail Extensions) is an expansion of the
original Internet e-mail protocol that exchanges different kinds of data files on the
Internet: text, audio, video, images, application programs, and others. In 1991,
the protocol was extended so that Internet clients and servers could recognize
and handle various kinds of data, and new file types were added to the “mail”
protocol as supported Internet Protocol file types.

Two primary MIME types are important for the role of default types:

I. text/plain is the default value for textual files. A textual file should be human-
readable and must not contain binary data.

II. application/octet-stream is the default value for all other cases. An unknown file
type should use this type. Browsers pay a particular care when manipulating
these files, attempting to safeguard the user to prevent dangerous behaviors

List of MIME types

Here is a list of MIME types, associated by type of documents, ordered by
their common extensions.

Extension Kind of document MIME Type

.bin Any kind of binary data application/octet-stream
.css Cascading Style Sheets text/css
(CSS)
.doc Microsoft Word application/msword
.docx Microsoft Word (OpenXML) application/vnd.openxmlformats-
officedocument.wordprocessingml.document
.gif Graphics Interchange image/gif
Format (GIF)
.htm HyperText Markup text/html
.html Language (HTML)
.jpeg JPEG images image/jpeg
.jpg
.js JavaScript text/javascript
.png Portable Network Graphics image/png
.pdf Adobe Portable Document application/pdf
Format (PDF)
.ppt Microsoft PowerPoint application/vnd.ms-powerpoint
.rar RAR archive application/x-rar-compressed
.rtf Rich Text Format (RTF) application/rtf
.xls Microsoft Excel application/vnd.ms-excel
.zip ZIP archive application/zip
.7z 7-zip archive application/x-7z-compressed