SRM Maths 15MA201 Question Papers

Transforms and Boundary Value Problems
(For B.Tech Students)

(Third/Fourth/Fifth Semester)
Solved University Questions Papers
Prepared by
Dr. V. SUVITHA
Department of Mathematics, SRMIST
Kattankulathur 603 203.
CONTENTS
1 Nov. 2016 Q&A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 01-12

2 May 2017 Q&A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-23
3 Nov. 2017 Q&A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24-33
4 May 2018 Q&A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34-44
Solved University Question Papers-15MA201, SRMIST 1
B.Tech. Degree Examination, November 2016

Third/Fourth/Fifth Semester
15MA201-Transforms and Boundary Value Problems
Time: Three hours Max. Marks: 100
Part - A (20 × 1=20 Marks)

Answer ALL Questions
√ √
1. The complete integral of p + q = 1 is
(A) z = ax + by (B) z = a(x + y) + b (C) z = ax + by + c (D) z = ax − by + a
√ √
Sol: Given p + q = 1. This is of the form F (p, q) = 0.
√ √ √ √
Hence the complete integral is z = ax + by + c where a + b = 1. i.e., b = 1 − a
√ 2
Therefore the complete integral is z = ax + (1 − a) y + c.
2. The complete integral of p = 2qx is

(A) z = ax2 −ay +c (B) z = ax2 +ay +c (C) z = ay 2 +ax+c (D) z = x2 −y +c
Sol: Given p = 2qx. This is of the form F (x, p, q) = 0.
Let q = a then p = 2ax. We know that dz = pdx + qdy ⇒ dz = 2axdx + ady
Integrating, we get z = ax2 + ay + c.
Ans. B
0 02
3. The complementary function of (D2 + DD − 2D )z = x2 y is
(A) z = φ1 (y − x) + φ2 (y − 2x) (B) z = φ1 (y + x) + φ2 (y + 2x)
(C) z = φ1 (y + x) + φ2 (y − 2x) (D) z = φ1 (y + x) + φ2 (y − 2x)
0
Sol: The auxiliary equation is m2 + m − 2 = 0 where D = m, D = 1.
⇒ (m − 1)(m + 2) = 0 ⇒ m = 1, −2. C.F. = z = φ1 (y + x) + φ2 (y − 2x).
Ans. D
0 02
4. Find the particular integral of (D2 + 2DD + D )z = ex+2y
ex+2y ex−2y e2x+y e2x−y
(A) (B) (C) (D)
9 9 9 9
1 e x+2y
x+2y = 0
Sol: P.I= 2 0 02 e where D = 1, D = 2.
D + 2DD + D 9
Ans. A
∂2u ∂2u ∂2u
5. The P.D.E. + 2 + of the form
∂x2 ∂x∂y ∂y 2
(A) Elliptic (B) Parabolic (C) Hyperbolic (D) None of these
Sol: Here A = 1, B = 2, C = 1. Hence B 2 − 4AC = 4 − 4 = 0.
Therefore the equation is parabolic.
Ans. B
6. sin x is periodic function with period

π
(A) π (B) (C) 2π (D) 4π
2
Ans. C
2 V. Suvitha, Department of Mathematics, SRMIST
Ra
7. f (x)dx = 0 if f (x) is
−a
(A) Odd (B) Even (C) Periodic (D) Neither even nor odd
Ans. A
8. For half range cosine series of f (x) = cos x in (0, π) the value of a0 is
2 4
(A) 4 (B) (C) (D) 0
π π
2 π 2 π 2
cos xdx = [sin x]π0 = 0.
R R
Sol: a0 = f (x)dx =
π0 π0 π
Ans. D
9. The one dimensional wave equation is

∂u ∂2u ∂2u ∂2u ∂y ∂2y ∂2u ∂2y
(A) = α2 2 (B) 2
= a2 2 (C) =α 2 (D) 2
=a 2
∂t ∂x ∂t ∂x ∂t ∂x ∂x ∂t
Ans. B
∂2u 2
2∂ u
10. How many initial and boundary condition are required to solve = a
∂t2 ∂x2
(A) Two (B) Three (C) Five (D) Four
Ans. D
11. The one dimensional heat equation is

∂2u ∂2u ∂u 2
2∂ u ∂2u 2
2∂ u ∂u ∂2u
(A) + = 0 (B) = α (C) = a (D) = α2 2
∂x2 ∂y 2 ∂t ∂x2 ∂t2 ∂x2 ∂x ∂t
Ans. B
12. One dimensional heat equation is used to find

(A) Density (B) Temperature Distribution (C) Time (D) Displacement
Ans. B
13. The Fourier transform of f (x) is

1 R∞ 1 R∞
(A) √ f (x)eist dt (B) √ f (x)eisx dx
2π −∞ 2π −∞
1 R∞ 1 R∞
(C) √ f (t)eisx dx (D) √ f (s)eisx dx
2π −∞ 2π −∞
Ans. B
1
14. Under Fourier cosine transform f (x) = √ is
x
(A) Complex (B) Inverse functionr (C) Cosine function (D) Self-reciprocal function
2 Γ(n) nπ
Sol: We know that Fc (xn−1 ) = n
cos .
π s 2
1 √ √
Taking n = ⇒ Fc (1/ x) = 1/ s.
2
Ans. D
15. F [eiax f (x)] is

s
(A) F (s + a) (B) F (s − a) (C) F (as) (D) F
a
1 ∞ 1 ∞
Sol: F [eiax f (x)] = √ eiax f (x)eisx dx = √ ei(s+a)x f (x)dx = F (s + a).
R R
2π −∞ 2π −∞
Ans. A
16. F (f (x) ∗ g(x)) is

(A) F (s) + G(s) (B) F (s) − G(s) (C) F (s)G(s) (D) F (s)/G(s)
Ans. C
17. Z(5) is
z z 1 z z−1
(A) (B) 5. (C) . (D)
z−1 z−1 5 z−1 z
kz 5z
Sol: We know that Z(k) = ⇒ Z(5) = .
z−1 z−1
Ans. B

1
18. Z =
n
z z
(A) log if |z| > 1 (B) log
z − 1 z+1
z+1 z−1
(C) log (D) log if |z| > 1
z z2
∞ 1

1 P −n 1 1 1 1 1
Sol: Z = z = + 2 + 3 + · · · = − log 1 − if < 1.
n n=1 n z 2z 3z z z
−1
1 z−1 z−1 z
Z = − log = log = log .
n z z z−1
Ans. A

−1 z
19. Find Z
(z − 1)2
1
(A) n + 1 (B) n (C) n − 1 (D)
n
d
Sol: Z {n} = −z Z(1) by property
dz
d z (z − 1).1 − z.1 z
Z {n} = −z = −z 2
= 2
.
dz z − 1 (z − 1) (z − 1)
z
Taking inverse Z -transform, we get n = Z −1 .
(z − 1)2
Ans. B
zn
20. Poles of φ(z) = are
(z − 1)(z − 2)
(A) z = 1, 0 (B) z = 1, 2 (C) z = 0, 2 (D) z = 0
Sol: The poles are (z − 1)(z − 2) = 0 ⇒ z = 1, 2.
Ans. B
Part - B (5 × 4=20 Marks)

Answer ANY FIVE Questions
21. Form the PDE by eliminating the arbitrary function from z = f (x2 + y 2 ).
Sol: Given z = f (x2 + y 2 ) (1)
Equation (1) partially differentiating w.r.to x and y, we get
∂z 0 ∂z 0
= f (x2 + y 2 ).2x and = f (x2 + y 2 ).2y
∂x ∂y
p 0 2 2 ∂z
Therefore = f (x + y ) where p = (2)
x ∂x
q 0 ∂z
and = f (x2 + y 2 ) where q = . (3)
y ∂y
p q
From (2) and (3), we get = . Hence py = qx.
x y
22. Find the complete integral of z = p2 + q 2 .
Sol: Given z = p2 + q 2 . (1)
This is of the form F (p, q, z) = 0.
dz dz
Let z = f (u). Assume that u = x + ay then p = ,q = a .
du du
Substituting the values of p, q in (1), we get
2 √
2 dz dz z dz du
z = (1 + a ) ⇒ = √ ⇒√ =√
du du 1+a 2 z 1 + a2
z (−1/2)+1 u
Integrating, we get =√ +b
(−1/2) + 1 1 + a2
√ √
2 z 1 + a2 = x + ay + b.
23. Find the RMS value of f (x)v= x − x2 , in −1 < x < 1.

u Rb
u (f (x))2 dx
u
Sol: RMS value of f (x) = a

t
v b−a
u R1
u (x − x2 )2 dx s
u
t−1 1 R1 2
= = (x + x4 − 2x3 )dx
2 2 −1
s
1 R1
= × 2 (x2 + x4 )dx since x3 is odd
2 0
r
8
= .
15
24. State any two assumptions in deriving one dimensional wave equation and write its all
possible solutions.
Sol:
• The motion takes place entirely in one plane. This plane is chosen as the xy plane
• Gravitational force may be neglected
• The effect of friction is negligible
• The string is perfectly flexible, etc.

λx −λx )(C eλat + D e−λat )
(A1 e + B1 e 1 1


The possible solutions are y(x, t) = (A2 cos λx + B2 sin λx)(C2 cos λat + D2 sin λat)


(A x + B )(C t + D )
3 3 3 3
25. Find the Fourier cosine transform of f (x) = e−ax , a > 0.

Sol:
r Z∞ r ∞
−ax 2 −ax 2 e−ax
Fc (e ) = e cos sxdx = (−a cos sx + s sin sx)
π π a2 + s2 0
0
r
2 a
= .
π a + s2
2
z sin θ
26. Prove that Z(sin nθ) = if |z| > 1.
z2
− 2z cos θ + 1
z
Proof: We know that Z {an } = if |z| > |a|. Taking a = eiθ
z − a
z z z
Z einθ =

= =
z − eiθ z − (cos θ + i sin θ) (z − cos θ) − i sin θ
z[(z − cos θ) + i sin θ]
⇒ Z(cos nθ + i sin nθ) =
[(z − cos θ) − i sin θ][(z − cos θ) + i sin θ]
z[(z − cos θ) + i sin θ]
= .
[(z − cos θ)2 + sin2 θ]
z sin θ
Equating imaginary parts, we get z(sin nθ) = 2 if |z| > 1.
z − 2z cos θ + 1
27. Find Z[{n(n − 1)}].
Sol: Z[{n(n − 1)}] = Z[ n2 − n ] = Z n2 − Z {n}

z
Now Z {n} = [See Q. No. 19, Page No. 3] and
(z − 1)2
(z − 1)2 .1 − z.2(z − 1)

2 d z z(z + 1)
Z n = Z {n.n} = −z 2
= −z 4
= .
dz (z − 1) (z − 1) (z − 1)3
z(z + 1) z 2z
Hence Z[{n(n − 1)}] = 3
− 2
= .
(z − 1) (z − 1) (z − 1)3
Part - C (5 × 12=60 Marks)

28. a.i. Find the singular solution of z = px + qy + p2 + q 2 .

Sol: Given z = px + qy + p2 + q 2 . This is Clairaut’s form.
The complete solution is z = ax + by + a2 + b2 . (1)
Partially differentiating w.r.to a and b, we get 0 = x + 2a and 0 = y + 2b.
x y
⇒ a = − and b = − (2)
2 2
x2 y 2 x2 y 2
Substituting (2) in (1), we get z = − − + + ⇒ 4z = −x2 − y 2
2 2 4 4
Hence 4z + x2 + y 2 = 0.
ii. Find the general solution of x(z 2 − y 2 )p + y(x2 − z 2 )q = z(y 2 − x2 ).
dx dy dz
Sol: The auxiliary equations are = = .
x(z 2 − y 2 ) y(x2 − z 2 ) z(y 2 − x2 )
Taking the Lagrange’s multipliers x, y, z, we get
xdx ydy zdz
2 2 2
= 2 2 2
= 2 2
x (z − y ) y (x − z ) z (y − x2 )
xdx + ydy + zdz xdx + ydy + zdz
Each is equal to P 2 2 =
x (z − y 2 ) 0
Hence xdx + ydy + zdz = 0.

x2 y 2 z 2
Integrating, we get + + = a ⇒ x2 + y 2 + z 2 = 2a = a1
2 2 2
1 1 1
Also, taking the Lagrang’s multipliers , , , we get
x y z
dx dy dz
x y
= 2 = 2 z 2
z2 − y2 x − z2 y −x
dx dy dz dx dy dz
+ + + +
x y z x y z
Each is equal to P 2 =
(z − y 2 ) 0
dx dy dz
Hence + + =0
x y z
Integrating, we get log x + log y + log z = log b ⇒ xyz = b.
Therefore, the general solution is φ(x2 + y 2 + z 2 , xyz) = 0.
(OR)
0
b. Solve (D3 − 2D2 D )z = sin(x + 2y) + 3x2 y.
0
Sol: The auxiliary equation is m3 − 2m2 = 0 where D = m, D = 1.
⇒ m2 (m − 2) = 0 ⇒ m = 0, 0, 2.
The Complementary function (C.F.) is φ1 (y) + xφ2 (y) + φ3 (y + 2x)
1
Particular integral = [sin(x + 2y) + 3x2 y]
D3 − 2D2 D0
1 1
= 3 sin(x + 2y) + 3 3x2 y
D − 2D2 D0 D − 2D2 D0
= P.I1 + P.I2
1
Now P.I1 = sin(x + 2y)
D3 − 2D2 D0
sin(x + 2y) 0
= replace by D2 = −1, DD = −2
−D − 2D(−2)
sin(x + 2y) −1
= = cos(x + 2y) and
3D 3
0 −1
" #
1 2 1 2D
P.I2 = 3x y = 3 1 − 3x2 y
D3 − 2D2 D0 D D
 !2 
0 0
1  2D 2D
= 1+ + + · · ·  3x2 y
D3 D D
" 0
#
1 2D 2 1 2 6 2
= 1+ 3x y = 3 3x y + x
D3 D D D
x5 y x6
= +
20 60
The complete solution is z = C.F. + P.I1 + P.I2
1 x5 y x6
z = φ1 (y) + xφ2 (y) + φ3 (y + 2x) − cos(x + 2y) + + .
3 20 60
29. a. Find the Fourier series of f (x) = x + x2 in (−π, π) of periodicity 2π. Hence deduce
P 1 π2
that = .
n2 6
Sol: Given the function f (x) is neither even nor odd.
a0 ∞
P P∞
Let f (x) = + an cos nx + bn sin nx (1)
2 n=1 n=1
1 Rπ 1 Rπ 1 Rπ
where a0 = f (x)dx, an = f (x) cos nxdx and bn = f (x) sin nxdx.
π −π π −π π −π
To find a0 , an bn :
Zπ Zπ Zπ
1 2 1 1
a0 = (x + x )dx = xdx + x2 dx
π π π
−π −π −π
Zπ
2
=0+ x2 dx, since x is odd and x2 is even.
π
0
2π 2
=
3
Zπ Zπ Zπ
1 1 1
an = (x + x2 ) cos nxdx = x cos nxdx + x2 cos nxdx
π π π
−π −π −π
Zπ
2
=0+ x2 cos nxdx, since x cos nx is odd
π
0
− sin nx π

2 2 sin nx − cos nx
= x − 2x +2
π n n n3 0
2 h cos nπ i
= 2π , since sin 0 = sin nπ = 0
π n
4(−1)n
=
n2
Zπ Zπ Zπ
1 2 1 1
bn = (x + x ) sin nxdx = x sin nxdx + x2 sin nxdx
π π π
−π −π −π
Zπ
2
= x sin nxdx + 0, since x2 sin nx is odd
π
0
− sin nx π

2 − cos nx 2 − cos nπ
= x −1 = π
π n n 0 π n
−2(−1) n
=
n
Substituting the values of a0 , an , bn in (1), weget
π2 ∞ 4 2
x + x2 = (−1)n 2 cos nx − sin nx
P
+
3 n=1 n n
Deduction: x = π is an end point in the range. Hence the value of the Fourier series
1 1
at x = π is equal to [f (π) + f (−π)] = [(π + π 2 ) + (−π + π 2 )] = π 2 .
2 2
π2 ∞ 4(−1)n
2
∞ 1 2 ∞ 1 π2
= π 2 . Therefore
P P P
Hence + 2
cos nπ = π ⇒ 4 2 2
= .
3 n=1 n n=1 n 3 n=1 n 6
(OR)
b. Find the Fourier series upto second harmonic from the following data:
π 2π 4π 5π
x 0 π 2π
3 3 3 3
y 1 1.4 1.9 1.7 1.5 1.2 1
a0 P2 P2 2 P
Sol: Let f (x) = + an cos nx + bn sin nx where a0 = f (x),
2 n=1 n=1 m
2 P 2 P
an = f (x) cos nx and bn = f (x) sin nx.
m m
x f (x) cos x sin x cos 2x sin 2x

0 1 1 0 1 0
π
1.4 0.5 0.866 -0.5 0.866
3
2π
1.9 -0.5 0.866 -0.5 -0.866
3
π 1.7 -1 0 1 0
4π
1.5 -0.5 -0.866 0.5 0.866
3
5π
1.5 0.5 -0.866 0.5 -0.866
3
1
Now a0 = [1 + 1.4 + 1.9 + 1.7 + 1.5 + 1.2] = 2.9
3
2P 1
a1 = f (x) cos x = [1 + 0.7 − 0.95 − 1.7 − 0.75 + 0.6] = −0.3667
6 3
2P 1
a2 = f (x) cos 2x = [1 − 0.7 − 0.95 + 1.7 − 0.75 − 0.6] = −0.1
6 3
2P 1
b1 = f (x) sin x = [0 + 1.2124 + 1.6454 + 0 − 1.299 − 1.0392] = 0.1732
6 3
2P 1
b2 = f (x) sin 2x = [0 + 1.2124 − 1.6454 + 1.299 − 1.0392] = −0.0577
6 3
Hence f (x) = 1.45 − 0.3667 cos x − 0.1 cos 2x + 0.1732 sin x − 0.0577 sin 2x.
30. a. A tightly string of length l has its end fastened at x = 0, x = l. At t = 0, the string
is in the form f (x) = k(lx − x2 ) and then released. Find the displacement at any point
on the string at a distance x from one end and at any time t > 0.
∂2u 2
2 ∂ u.
Sol: The displacement of the string y(x, t) is governed by = a
∂t2 ∂x2
The boundary conditions are
(i) y(0, t) = 0, t ≥ 0 (ii) y(l, t) = 0, t ≥ 0.
The initial
conditions are
∂y
(iii) = 0, 0 ≤ x ≤ l (iv) y(x, 0) = kx(l − x), 0 ≤ x ≤ l.
∂t t=0
The proper solution is y(x, t) = (A cos λx + B sin λx)(C cos λat + D sin λat). (1)
Using boundary condition (i) in (1), A(C cos λat + D sin λat) = 0 ⇒ A = 0.
A = 0 in (1), we get y(x, t) = B sin λx(C cos λat + D sin λat). (2)
Applying the boundary condition (ii) in (2), B sin λl(C cos λat + D sin λat) = 0.
nπ
⇒ B 6= 0 and sin nl = 0 ⇒ λl = nπ ⇒ λ = .
l

nπ nπx nπat nπat
λ= in (2), we get y(x, t) = B sin C cos + D sin . (3)
l l l l
Using the initial condition (iii), we get
∂y nπx nπat nπa nπat nπa
= B sin −C sin . + D cos .
∂t l l l l l
∂y nπx h nπa i
⇒ = B sin 0 + D. ⇒ B 6= 0, D = 0
∂t t=0 l l
nπx nπat
D = 0 in equation (3), y(x, t) = B sin C cos
l l
∞
P nπx nπat
The most general solution is y(x, t) = Bn sin cos (4)
n=1 l l
∞ nπx
= K(lx − x2 ).
P
Using initial condition (iv), we get y(x, 0) = Bn sin
n=1 l
This is half-range Fourier sine series. Therefore
Zl
2 nπx
Bn = k(lx − x2 ) sin dx
l l
0
    l
 nπx  nπx nπx
2k  − cos − sin  cos l 
= (lx − x2 )  l  − (l − 2x)  l  + (−2) 
nπ
 
l   n2 π 2   n3 π 3  
l l2 l3 0
3 3

2k l l
= −2 cos nπ. 3 3 + 2 3 3 , since sin 0 = sin nπ = 0
l n π n π
2k 2l3
= . [−(−1)n + 1]
l n3 π 3  2
4kl 2  8kl if n is odd
= [1 − (−1)n ] = n3 π 3
n3 π 3 
0 if n is even
P 8kl2 nπx nπat

Substituting the value of Bn in (4), we get y(x, t) = 3π3
sin cos .
n=odd n l l
(OR)
b. A rod of length 30cm has its end A and B kept at 20◦ C and 80◦ C respectively
until steady state conditions prevail. The temperature at each end is suddenly reduced
to 0◦ C and kept so. Find the resulting temperature function u(x, t).
∂u ∂2u
Sol: The P.D.E. of one dimensional heat flow is = α2 2 . (1)
∂t ∂x
2
d u
In steady state, the P.D.E. becomes = 0. (2)
dx2
In steady state, the solution is u(x) = ax + b. (3)
The initial conditions are u(0) = 20 and u(30) = 80.
Using these conditions in (3), we obtain u(0) = 0 + b ⇒ b = 20 and
u(30) = 30a + b ⇒ 80 = 30a + 20 ⇒ a = 2. Therefore u(x) = 2x + 20.
When the temperatures at each ends are reduced to zero.
In transient state, the boundary conditions are
(i) u(0, t) = 0 for all t ≥ 0 (ii) u(30, t) = 0 for all t ≥ 0.

The initial condition is (iii) u(x, 0) = 2x + 20 for 0 < x < 30.
2 2
In transient state, the proper solution is u(x, t) = (A cos λx + B sin λx)e−α λ t . (4)
2 2
Using (i) in (4), we get u(0, t) = 0 = Ae−α λ t ⇒ A = 0.
2 2
A = 0 in (4), u(x, t) = B sin λxe−α λ t . (5)
2 2
Using (ii) in (5), we get u(30, t) = 0 = B sin 30xe−α λ t .
nπ
Since B 6= 0, sin 30λ = 0 ⇒ 30λ = nπ ⇒ λ = .
30
nπ nπx −α2 n2 π2 t/900
λ= in (5), we get u(x, t) = B sin e .
30 30
∞
P nπx −α2 n2 π2 t/900
The most general solution is u(x, t) = Bn sin e . (6)
n=1 30
P∞ nπx
Using (iii) in (6), we get u(x, 0) = Bn sin = 2x + 20.
n=1 30
This is a half range sine series. Therefore
Z20
2 nπx
Bn = (2x + 20) sin dx
30 30
0
  30
 nπx  nπx
1  − cos − sin
= (2x + 20)  30  − 2  30  
nπ
 
15   2
n π 2  
30 302 0

1 30 30
= −80.(−1)n . + 20. , since sin 0 = sin nπ = 0
15 nπ nπ
40
= [1 − 4(−1)n ].
nπ
Substituting the value of Bn in (6), we get
∞ 40 nπx −α2 n2 π2 t/900
[1 − 4(−1)n ] sin
P
u(x, t) = e .
n=1 nπ 30
(
1 − x2 if |x| < 1
31. Find the Fourier transform of f (x) given by f (x) = and hence
0 if |x| > 1
R∞ x cos x − sin x
x
find the value of cos dx.
0 x3 2
Sol:
Z∞ Z1
1 isx 1
F {f (x)} = √ f (x)e dx = √ (1 − x2 )eisx dx
2π 2π
−∞ −1
Z1
1
=√ (1 − x2 )(cos sx + i sin sx)dx
2π
−1
Z1 Z1
1 2 1
=√ (1 − x ) cos sxdx + i √ (1 − x2 ) sin sxdx
2π 2π
−1 −1
Z1
2
F {f (x)} = √ (1 − x2 ) cos sxdx + i.0, since (1 − x2 ) sin sx is odd
2π
0
− sin sx 1

2 2 sin sx − cos sx
=√ (1 − x ) − (−2x) + (−2)
2π s s2 s3 0

2 cos s sin s
=√ −2 +2
2π s2 s3
−4
= √ [s cos s − sin s]
3
s 2π
Using inversion formula
1 R∞ 1 R∞ −4
f (x) = √ F {f (x)} e−isx ds = √ √ [s cos s − sin s] e−isx ds
2π −∞ 2π −∞ s 2π 3
2 2 R∞ 1
1−x =− [s cos s − sin s] (cos sx − i sin sx)ds.
π −∞ s3
R∞ s cos s − sin s

−π
Equating real parts, we get 3
cos sxds = (1 − x2 ).
∞ s 2
R∞ s cos s − sin s

1 s −3π
Putting x = ⇒ 3
cos ds =
2 −∞ s 2 8
∞

R s cos s − sin s s −3π
⇒ 3
cos ds = .
0 s 2 16
R∞ x cos x − sin x

x −3π
Hence 3
cos dx = .
0 x 2 16
(OR)
R∞ dx
b. i. Evaluate using transform method.
0 +(a2 x2 )(b2
+ x2 )
Sol: Consider
r f (x) = e−ax and g(x)r=e .
−bx
2 a 2 b
Fc (s) = . and Gc (s) = . [See Q. No. 25, Page No. 5].
π a2 + s2 π b2 + s2
∞
R ∞
R
Using Parseval’s identity Fc (s)Gc (s)ds = f (x)g(x)dx
0 0
2 R∞ ab R∞ −(a+b)x 2 R∞ ab 1
2 2 2 2
ds = e dx ⇒ 2 2 2 2
ds =
π 0 (a + s )(b + s ) 0 π 0 (a + s )(b + s ) a+b
R∞ dx π
⇒ 2 2 2 2
= .
0 (a + x )(b + x ) 2ab(a + b)
1
ii. Find Fourier sine transform of .
x
Sol:
r Z∞ r Z∞
1 2 sin sx 2 sin θ
Fs = dx = dθ, putting sx = θ
x π x π θ
0 0
r r
2 π π
= . = .
π 2 2
(z + 2)z
32. a. i. Find the inverse Z -transform of f (z) = using long division method.
z 2 + 2z + 4
1 + 2z −1
Sol: Given f (z) = .
1 + 2z −1 + 4z −2
By long division
1 −4z −2 +8z −3 −32z −5 + · · ·
1 + 2z −1 + 4z −2 √ 1 +2z −1
1 +2z −1 +4z −2
−4z −2
−4z −2 −8z −3 −16z −4
8z −3 +16z −4
8z −3 +16z −4 +32z −5
−32z −5
∞
f (n)z −n = 1 − 4z −2 + 8z −3 − 32z −5 + · · ·
P
Hence
n=0
Therefore f (0) = 1, f (1) = 0, f (2) = −4, f (3) = 8, f (4) = 0, etc.
z
ii. Find the inverse Z -transform of using residues.
(z − 1)(z − 2)
z
(z − 1)(z − 2)
zn
f (z)z n−1 = has simple poles at z = 1 and z = 2.
(z − 1)(z
P − 2)
R is the sum of the residue of f (z)z n−1 .
P
Therefore f (n) = R where
zn
R1 = {Residue}z=1 = lim (z − 1) = −1 and
z→1 (z − 1)(z − 2)
z n
R2 = {Residue}z=2 = lim (z − 2) = 2n .
z→2 (z − 1)(z − 2)
Therefore f (n) = R1 + R2 = 2n − 1.
(OR)
b. Solve the equation yn+2 + 6yn+1 + 9yn = 2n given y0 = y1 = 0 using Z -transform.

Sol: Taking Z -transform on both sides of the equation, we get
Z(y n
h n+2 ) + 6Z(yn+1
y i) + 9Z(yn ) = Z(2 ) z
1
z 2 Y (z) − y0 − + 6 [z(Y (z) − y0 )] + 9Y (z) =
z z−2
z z
⇒ (z 2 + 6z + 9)Y (z) = ⇒ Y (z) = 2
z−2 (z − 2)(z + 6z + 9)
z
⇒ Y (z) = .
(z − 2)(z + 3)2
Y (z) has simple pole at z = 2 and pole of order 2 at z = −3.
R is the sum of the residue of Y (z)z n−1 .
P P
Therefore y(n) = R where
zn 2n
R1 = {Residue}z=2 = lim (z − 2) = and
z→2 (z − 2)(z + 3)2 25
d zn
R2 = {Residue}z=−3 = lim (z + 3)2
z→−3 dz (z − 2)(z + 3)2
n−1 n (−3)n 5n

(z − 2).nz − z .1
= lim = −1 .
z→−3 (z − 2)2 25 3
2n (−3)n 5n

Hence y(n) = + −1 .
25 25 3
B.Tech. Degree Examination, May 2017

Part - A (20 × 1=20 Marks)

1. The PDE formed by eliminating the arbitrary function from z = f (x2 + y 2 ) is

(A) px = qy (B) py = qx (C) p = qy (D) px = q
Ans. B [Sol: See Q.No. 21, Page No. 3.]
0
2. Solve (D3 − 3D2 D )z = 0
(A) z = f1 (y − x) + f2 (y − 2x) + f3 (y + 2x) (B) z = f1 (y) + f2 (y) + f3 (y + 3x)
(C) z = f1 (y) + xf2 (y) + f3 (y + 3x) (D) z = f1 (y) + xf2 (y) + f3 (y − 3x)
0
Sol: The auxiliary equation is m3 − 3m2 = 0 where D = m, D = 1.
m2 (m − 3) = 0 ⇒ m = 0, 0, 3 ⇒ C.F. is z = f1 (y) + xf2 (y) + f3 (y + 3x).
Ans. C
3. The particular integral of (D2 )z = x2 y is

x5 y
(A) (B) x3 y (C) x4 y 2 (D) x2 y 2
20
1 1 x3 x4 y
Sol: P.I. = 2 x2 y = y. =
D D 3 12
4. The complete integral of z = px + qy + pq is
(A) z = px+qy+ab (B) z = ax+by+ab (C) z = ax+by+pq (D) z = px+qy+pq
Sol: Given z = px + qy + pq. This is clairaut’s form.
Hence the complete integral is z = ax + by + ab.
Ans. B
5. The constant a0 of the Fourier series for the function f (x) = x in 0 ≤ x ≤ 2π is

(A) π (B) 2 π (C) 3 π (D) 0
1 R2π 1 R2π 1 x2 2π

Sol: a0 = f (x)dx = xdx = = 2π.
π 0 π 0 π 2 0
Ans. B
v square value of f (x)vin a ≤ x ≤ b is

6. The root mean v
u Rb u Rb u Rb
u (f (x))2 dx u (f (x))2 dx
u u u
u (f (x))dx
ta ta ta
(A) 0 (B) (C) (D)
b−a b+a b−a
Ans. B
7. A function f (x) is periodic with period T, if

(A) f (x+T ) = f (T ) (B) f (x+T ) = f (x) (C) f (x+T ) = −f (x) (D) f (x+T ).f (x) = 0
Ans. B
8. The sum of Fourier series of f (x) in 0 ≤ x ≤ 2π at x = 0 is

f (0) + f (2π)
(A) f (0) (B) f (2π) (C) (D) 0
2
Ans. C
∂2y 2
2 ∂ y , a2 stands for
9. In wave equation = a
∂t2 ∂x2
T k m k
(A) (B) (C) (D)
m c T m
Ans. A
10. The one dimensional heat equation in steady state is

∂u ∂2u ∂ 2 u ∂u ∂2u
(A) =0 (B) = 0 (C) − = 0 (D) =0
∂t ∂t2 ∂x2 ∂t ∂x2
Ans. D
11. The suitable solution of ut = α2 uxx is

2 2
(A) u = (Ax + B)C (B) u = (Aeλx + Be−λx )eα λ t
2 2
(C) u = (A cos λx + B sin λx)e−α λ t (D) u = At + B
Ans. C
12. The steady state temperature of a rod of length 20cm, whose ends are kept respectively
at 10◦ C and 30◦ C is
(A) x − 10 (B) x + 10 (C) 10x + 10 (D) 2x + 50
d2 u
Sol: In steady state, the P.D.E. becomes =0
dx2
Therefore the solution is u(x) = ax + b (1)
The initial conditions are u(0) = 10 and u(20) = 30.
u(20) = 20a + 10 ⇒ 30 = 20a + 10 ⇒ a = 1. Therefore u(x) = x + 10.
Ans. B
13. F −1 [F (s).G(s)] =
(A) f (x).g(x) (B) f (x) + g(x) (C) f (x) ∗ g(x) (D) f (x) − g(x)
Sol: By definition F {f (x) ∗ g(x)} = F (s).G(s) ⇒ f (x) ∗ g(x) = F −1 [F (s).G(s)]
Ans. C
14. F [f (x − a)] =
(A) eias F (a) (B) eiax F (a) (C) eias F (x) (D) eias F (s)
1 R∞
Sol: By definition F (s) = F {f (x)} = √ f (x)eisx dx
2π −∞
1 R∞
⇒ F {f (x − a)} = √ f (x − a)eisx dx, Putting x − a = t ⇒ dx = dt
2π −∞
1 R∞ 1 R∞
⇒ F {f (t)} = √ f (t)ei(a+t)s dt = eias √ f (t)eits dt = eias F (s).
2π −∞ 2π −∞
Ans. D
R∞
15. If f (s) = F [f (x)] then |f (x)|2 dx =
−∞
R∞ R∞ R∞ R∞
(A) |f (x)|2 dx (B) |f (s)|2 ds (C) |f (s)|2 dx (D) |f (s)|2 ds
−∞ −∞ 0 −0
Ans. B
1
16. Under Fourier cosine transform f (x) = √ is
x
(A) Self-reciprocal function (B) Inverse function
(C) Cosine function (D) Complex function
Ans. A [Sol: See Q.No. 14, Page No. 2.]
17. Z[nan ] =
az z a z
(A) (B) (C) (D)
(z − a)2 (z − a)2 (z − a) 2 (z − a)3
dF (z) n d z az
Sol: We know that Z[nf (t)] = −z ⇒ Z[na ] = −z = .
dz dz z − a (z − a)2
Ans. A
h nπ i
18. Z cos =
2
z z2 z z2
(A) 2 (B) 2 (C) 2 (D) 2
z +1 z +1 z −1 z −4
z(z − cos θ)
Sol: We know that Z(cos nθ) = 2 .
z − 2z cos θ + 1
2

π nπ z
When θ = ⇒ Z cos = 2 .
2 2 z +1
Ans. B

z
19. Z −1 =
(z − a)2
(A) an−1 (B) nan+1 (C) nan−1 (D) an+1
az z
Sol: We know that Z −1 = na n ⇒ Z −1 = nan−1 .
(z − a)2 (z − a)2
Ans. C
z n (z + 1)
(z − 1)3
(A) z = 1 (B) z = −1 (C) z = 0 (D) z = 3
Sol: The poles are given by z − 1 = 0 ⇒ z = 1.
Ans. A

21. Form a partial differential equation by eliminating arbitrary constants a and b from
(x − a)2 + (y − b)2 + z 2 = c2 .
Sol: Given (x − a)2 + (y − b)2 + z 2 = c2 (1)
Differentiating partially w.r.to x and y, we get
∂z ∂z
2(x − a) + 2z = 0 and 2(y − b) + 2z = 0.
∂x ∂y
∂z ∂z
Therefore x − a = −pz, y − b = −qz where p = ,q = .
∂x ∂y
Putting in (1), p2 z 2 + q 2 z 2 + z 2 = c2 ⇒ z 2 (p2 + q 2 + 1) = c2 .
22. Define Root Mean Square (RMS) value and find the RMS value of f (x) = 1 − x in
0 < x < 1.
v
u Rb
u (f (x))2 dx
u
ta
Sol: RMS value of f (x) =
b−a s
s 1
R1 (1 − x)3
= (1 − x)2 dx =
−3
r0 0
1
= .
3
23. State various
 possible solutions of 2one dimensional heat equation.
λx −λx α λ 2t
(A1 e + B1 e )C1 e


2 λ2 t
u(x, t) = (A2 cos λx + B2 sin λx)C2 e−α


(A x + B )C
3 3 3
24. State convolution theorem and Parseval’s identity for Fourier transform.
Sol: Convolution theorem: The Fourier transform of the convolution of f (x) and
g(x) is the product of their Fourier transforms. i.e., F {f (x) ∗ g(x)} = F (s).G(s).
Parseval’s identity: If F (s) is the Fourier transform of f (x) then
R∞ R∞
|f (x)|2 dx = |F (s)|2 ds.
−∞ −∞
25. Find Z[2.3n + 5.(−2)n ].

Sol: Z[2.3n + 5.(−2)n ] = 2Z[3n ] + 5Z[(−2)n ] by property
z
We know that Z[an ] = if |z| > |a|.
z−a
z z
Therefore 2Z[3n ] + 5Z[(−2)n ] = 2. + 5. .
z−3 z+2
26. Classify the PDE: xuxx + uyy = 0.
Sol: Here A = x, B = 0, C = 1,

< 0; if x > 0, the equation is elliptic


B 2 − 4AC = −4x = > 0; if x < 0, the equation is hyperbolic


= 0; if x = 0, the equation is parabolic
27. Solve: p = 2qx

Sol: Given p = 2qx. This is of the form F (x, p, q) = 0.
Let q = a then p = 2ax. we know that dz = pdx + qdy ⇒ dz = 2axdx + ady
Integrating, z = ax2 + ay + c. (1)
which is the complete integral.
∂z
Differentiating partially w.r.to c and then = 0, we get 1=0.
∂x
Hence there is no singular integral.
Put c = φ(a) in (1), z = ax2 + ay + φ(a) (2)
0
Differentiating (2) with respect to a, 0 = x2 + y + φ (a) (3)
Eliminating ‘a’ between (2) and (3), we get the general integral.
Part - C (5 × 12=60 Marks)

28. a. i. Find the general solution of x(z 2 − y 2 )p + y(x2 − z 2 )q = z(y 2 − x2 ).

Ans. See Q.No: 28. a. ii., Page No. 5.
02
ii. Solve (D2 − 4D )z = cos 2x cos 3y.
0
Sol: The auxiliary equation is m2 − 4 = 0 where D = m, D = 1.
⇒ m = ±2 ⇒ The Complementary function (C.F.) is φ1 (y + 2x) + φ2 (y − 2x).
1
Particular integral = cos 2x cos 3y
− 4D02
D2
1
= [cos(2x + 3y) + cos(2x − 3y)]
2(D − 4D02 )
2
1 1
= 02 cos(2x + 3y) + cos(2x − 3y)
2
2(D − 4D ) 2(D − 4D02 )
2
= P.I1 + P.I2
1
P.I1 = cos(2x + 3y)
2(D − 4D02 )
2
cos(2x + 3y) 0
2(−4 + 36)
cos(2x + 3y)
= and
64
1
P.I2 = cos(2x − 3y)
2(D − 4D02 )
2
cos(2x − 3y) 0
2(−4 + 36)
cos(2x − 3y)
=
64
1 1
Therefore P.I1 + P.I2 = [cos(2x + 3y) + cos(2x − 3y)] = cos 2x cos 3y.
64 32
1
Hence z = C.F.+P.I. = φ1 (y + 2x) + φ2 (y − 2x) + cos 2x cos 3y.
32
(OR)
02 03
b. Solve (D3 − 7DD − 6D )z = x2 y + sin(x + 2y).
0
Sol: The auxiliary equation is m3 − 7m − 6 = 0 where D = m, D = 1.
1 0 −7 −6
−1 −1 1 6
1 −1 −6 0
⇒ (m + 1)(m2
− m − 6) = 0 ⇒ (m + 1)(m + 2)(m − 3) = 0 ⇒ m = −1, −2, 3.
The Complementary function (C.F.) is φ1 (y − x) + φ2 (y − 2x) + φ3 (y + 3x)
1
Particular integral = [x2 y + sin(x + 2y)]
− 7DD02 − 6D03
D3
1 2 1
= 3 02 03 x y + sin(x + 2y)
D − 7DD − 6D D − 7DD02 − 6D03
3
= P.I1 + P.I2
" 02 03
!#−1
1 1 7D 6D
P.I1 = 3 x2 y = 3 1 − + x2 y
D − 7DD02 − 6D03 D D2 D3
 ! !2 
02 03 02 03
1 7D 6D 7D 6D
= 3 1 + 2
+ 3
+ 2
+ · · ·  x2 y
D D D D D3
1 x3 1 x4 x5 y

1 2
= 3 x y = y. 2 = y. = and
D D 3 D 12 60
1
P.I2 = 3 sin(x + 2y)
D − 7DD02 − 6D03
sin(x + 2y) 02
= 0 replace by D2 = −1, D = −4
−D + 28D + 24D
sin(x + 2y) 1 sin(x + 2y)
= 0 = .
27D + 24D 3 9D + 8D0
0
1 9D − 8D
= . sin(x + 2y)
3 81D2 − 64D02
0
1 (9D − 8D ) sin(x + 2y)
= .
3 [81(−1) − 64(−4)]
1
= [9 cos(x + 2y) − 8 cos(x + 2y).2]
525
−7 −1
= cos(x + 2y) = cos(x + 2y)
525 75
z = C.F. + P.I1 + P.I2
x5 y 1
= φ1 (y − x) + φ2 (y − 2x) + φ3 (y + 3x) + − cos(x + 2y).
60 75
29. a. Find the Fourier series expansion of f (x) = x2 + x in (−2, 2). Hence find the sum
1 1 1
of the series 2 + 2 + 2 + · · · .
1 2 3
a0 ∞
P nπx P∞ nπx
Let f (x) = + an cos + bn sin (1)
2 n=1 l n=1 l
1 Rl 1 Rl nπx 1 Rl nπx
where a0 = f (x)dx, an = f (x) cos dx and bn = f (x) sin dx.
l −l l −l l l −l l
Here l = 2.
To find a0 , an , bn :
Z2 Z2 Z2
1 2 1 1
a0 = (x + x )dx = xdx + x2 dx
2 2 2
−2 −2 −2
Z2
2
=0+ x2 dx, since x is odd and x2 is even
2
0
8
a0 =
3
Z2 Z2 Z2
1 2 nπx 1 nπx 1 nπx
an = (x + x ) cos dx = x cos dx + x2 cos dx
2 2 2 2 2 2
−2 −2 −2
Z2
nπx
2 nπx
=0+ x2 cos
dx, since x cos is odd
2 2 2
0
    2
 nπx  nπx nπx
 2 sin 2  − cos 2   − sin 2 
=x  − 2x   + 2
nπ
 
  n2 π 2   n3 π 3 
2 22 23 0
22
= 4 cos nπ. , since sin 0 = sin nπ = 0
n2 π 2
16(−1)n
=
n2 π 2
Z2 Z2 Z2
1 2 nπx 1 nπx 1 nπx
bn = (x + x ) sin dx = x sin dx + x2 sin dx
2 2 2 2 2 2
−2 −2 −2
Z2
2 nπx nπx
= x sin dx + 0, since x2 sin is odd
2 2 2
0
  2
 nπx  nπx
− cos − sin 2
 2  − 1 2  
= x nπ  n2 π 2  = −2 nπ cos nπ
  

2 22 0
−4(−1) n
=
nπ
Substituting the values of a0 , an , bn in (1), we get
4 16 P ∞ (−1)n nπx 4 P ∞ (−1)n nπx
x + x2 = + 2 2
cos − sin
3 π n=1 n 2 π n=1 n 2
Deduction: x = 2 is an end point in the range. Hence the value of the Fourier series
1 1
at x = 2 is equal to [f (2) + f (−2)] = [(2 + 22 ) + (−2 + (−22 ))] = 4.
2 2
4 16 P ∞ (−1)n 16 P ∞ 1 8 P∞ 1 π2
Hence + 2 cos nπ = 4 ⇒ = . Therefore = .
3 π n=1 n2 π 2 n=1 n2 3 n=1 n
2 6
(OR)
π 2π 4π 5π
x: 0 π 2π
3 3 3 3
y = f (x) : 1 1.4 1.9 1.7 1.5 1.2 1
Ans. See Q.No. 29. b., Page No. 8.

30. a. A string is stretched and fastened to two points l apart. Motion is started by
πx
displacing the string in the form y = a sin from which it is released at time t = 0.
l
Find the displacement y(x, t).
∂2u 2
2 ∂ u.
∂t2 ∂x2
(i) y(0, t) = 0, t ≥ 0 (ii) y(l, t) = 0, t ≥ 0
The initial
conditions are
∂y πx
(iii) = 0, 0 ≤ x ≤ l (iv) y(x, 0) = a sin , 0 ≤ x ≤ l.
∂t t=0 l
The proper solution is y(x, t) = (A cos λx + B sin λx)(C cos λat + D sin λat) (1)
Using boundary condition (i) in (1), A(C cos λat + D sin λat) = 0 ⇒ A = 0
A = 0 in (1), y(x, t) = B sin λx(C cos λat + D sin λat) (2)
Applying the boundary condition (ii) in (2), B sin λl(C cos λat + D sin λat) = 0
nπ
⇒ B 6= 0 and sin nl = 0 ⇒ λl = nπ ⇒ λ =
l
λ= in (2), y(x, t) = B sin C cos + D sin (3)
l l l l
Again using the initial condition (iii), we have
∂t
l l l l l
∂y nπx h nπa i
= 0 ⇒ 0 = B sin 0 + D. ⇒ B 6= 0, D = 0
∂t t=0 l l
nπx nπat
l l
P∞ nπx nπat
n=1 l l
∞
P nπx πx
Using initial condition (iv), y(x, 0) = Bn sin = a sin .
n=1 l l
πx 2πx 3πx πx
⇒ B1 sin + B2 sin + B3 sin + · · · = a sin
l l l l
Comparing both sides, B1 = a, Bn = 0, n 6= 1. Substituting the value of Bn in (4), we
πx πat
get y(x, t) = a sin cos
l l
(OR)
until steady state conditions prevail. If the temperature at each end is then suddenly
reduced to 0◦ C and maintained so, find the temperature u(x, t) at a distance x from
A at time t.
∂u ∂2u
Sol: The P.D.E. of one dimensional heat flow is = α2 2 (1)
∂t ∂x
2
d u
In steady state, the P.D.E. becomes =0 (2)
dx2
The initial conditions are u(0) = 30 and u(20) = 90
u(20) = 20a + 30 ⇒ 90 = 20a + 30 ⇒ a = 3. Thereforre u(x) = 3x + 30.
When the temperatures at each ends are reduced to zero.
In transient state, the boundary conditions are

(i) u(0, t) = 0 for all t ≥ 0 (ii) u(20, t) = 0 for all t ≥ 0
The initial condition is (iii) u(x, 0) = 3x + 30 for 0 < x < 20
2 2
In transient state, the proper solution is u(x, t) = (A cos λx + B sin λx)e−α λ t (4)
2 2
Using (i) in (4), we get u(0, t) = 0 = Ae−α λ t ⇒ A = 0.
2 2
A = 0 in (4), u(x, t) = B sin λxe−α λ t (5)
2 2
Using (ii) in (5), we get u(20, t) = 0 = B sin 20xe−α λ t
nπ
Since B 6= 0, sin 20λ = 0 ⇒ 20λ = nπ ⇒ λ =
20
nπ nπx −α2 n2 π2 t/400
λ= in (5), we get u(x, t) = B sin e
20 20
∞
P nπx −α2 n2 π2 t/400
The most general solution is u(x, t) = Bn sin e (6)
n=1 20
P∞ nπx
Using (iii) in (6), we get u(x, 0) = Bn sin = 3x + 30.
n=1 20
This is a half range sine series. Hence
Z20
2 nπx
Bn = (3x + 30) sin dx
20 20
0
  20
 nπx  nπx
1  − cos − sin
= (3x + 30)  20  − 3  20  
nπ
 
10   2
n π 2  
20 202 0

1 20 20
= −90.(−1)n . + 30. , since sin 0 = sin nπ = 0
10 nπ nπ
60
= [1 − 3(−1)n ]
nπ
Substituting the value of Bn in (6), we get
∞ 60 nπx −α2 n2 π2 t/400
[1 − 3(−1)n ] sin
P
u(x, t) = e
n=1 nπ 20
(
1 if |x| < a
31. a. Find the Fourier transform of f (x) given by f (x) = and hence
0 if |x| > a > 0
R∞ sin x
evaluate dx.
0 x
Sol:
Z∞ Za
1 isx 1
F {f (x)} = √ f (x)e dx = √ eisx dx
2π 2π
−∞ −a
isx a
1 e 1 1
=√ = √ . [eias − e−ias ]
2π is −a 2π is
r
2 sin as eix − e−ix
= by sin x =
π s 2i
Using inversion formula, we get
1 R∞ 1 R∞ q 2 sin as −isx

f (x) = √ F {f (x)} e−isx ds ⇒ f (x) = √ π e ds
2π −∞ 2π −∞ s
(
1 R∞ if |x| < a

sin as 1
(cos sx − i sin sx)ds = f (x) =
π −∞ s 0 if |x| > a > 0
R∞

sin as
Equating real parts, cos sxds = π
−∞ s
R∞ sin s

Putting x = 0 and a = 1 ⇒ ds = π
−∞ s
R∞ sin s R∞ sin x

π π
Hence ds = ⇒ dx = .
0 s 2 0 x 2
(OR)
b. Find the Fourier sine and cosine transform of f (x) = e−ax , a > 0 and hence deduce
their inversion formula.
r Z∞
−ax 2
Fs (e ) = e−ax sin sxdx
π
0
r ∞
2 e−ax
= (−a sin sx − s cos sx)
π a2 + s 2 0
r
2 s
= . 2 (1)
π a + s2
r
2 a
Fc (e−ax ) = . [See Q. No. 25, Page No. 5] (2)
π a2 + s2
By inversion formula of (1), we have !
r r r
2 R∞ 2 ∞ 2 s
Fs (s) sin sxds ⇒ e−ax =
R
f (x) = sin sxds
π 0 π 0 π a2 + s2
R∞ s sin sx π
2 + s2
ds = e−ax , a > 0.
0 a 2
R∞ x sin αx π
Changing the variables, 2 + x2
dx = e−αa , a > 0.
0 a 2
Again, by inversion formula of (2), we have !
r r r
2 R∞ −ax 2 R∞ 2 a
f (x) = Fc (s) cos sxds ⇒ e = cos sxds
π 0 π 0 π a2 + s2
R∞ cos sx π −ax
2 2
ds = e , a > 0.
0 a +s 2a
R∞ cos αx π −αa
Changing the variables, 2 2
dx = e , a > 0.
0 a +x 2a
32. a. i. Find (A) Z(n2 ) (B) Z(nan ).

Ans. (A) See Q.No. 27, Page No. 5.; (B) Z(nan ) See Q.No. 17, Page No. 15.
z 2
ii. Using partial fraction method, evaluate Z −1 .
(z − 1)(z − 3)
z2 X(z) z
Sol: Let X(z) = ⇒ =
(z − 1)(z − 3) z (z − 1)(z − 3)
z A B
Now = + ⇒ z = A(z − 3) + B(z − 1)
(z − 1)(z − 3) z−1 z−3
−1 3
put z = 1 ⇒ A = and z = 3 ⇒ B =
2 2
−1 3
X(z) 2 2 1 −z 3z
Therefore = + ⇒ X(z) = +
z z−1 z−3 2 z−1 z−3
Taking inverse transform
on both sides,
we get
1 −z 3z 1
Z −1 [X(z)] = Z −1 −1 + 3n+1 .

+ ⇒ x(n) =
2 z−1 z−3 2
(OR)
b. Solve the difference equation yn+2 − 5yn+1 + 6yn = 1 with y0 = 0 and y1 = 1 using
z− transform method.
Z(yn+2 ) − 5Z(yn+1 ) + 6Z(yn ) = Z(1)
h y1 i z
z 2 Y (z) − y0 − − 5 [z(Y (z) − y0 )] + 6Y (z) =
z z−1
2 z
⇒ (z − 5z + 6)Y (z) = +z
z−1
z 2 z2
Y (z) = ⇒ Y (z) = .
(z − 1)(z 2 − 5z + 6) (z − 1)(z − 2)(z − 3)
Y (z) has pole at z = 1, 2, 3.
R is the sum of the residue of Y (z)z n−1
P P
z n+1 1
R1 = {Residue}z=1 = lim (z − 1) =
z→1 (z − 1)(z − 2)(z − 3) 2
z n+1
R2 = {Residue}z=2 = lim (z − 2) = −2n+1
z→2 (z − 1)(z − 2)(z − 3)
z n+1 3n+1
R3 = {Residue}z=3 = lim (z − 3) =
z→3 (z − 1)(z − 2)(z − 3) 2
1 3 n+1
Hence y(n) = − 2n+1 + .
2 2

Part - A (20 × 1=20 Marks)

1. The partial differential equation formed by eliminating the arbitrary function from the
relation z = f (x2 + y 2 ) is
Ans. B [See Q.No. 21, Page No. 3.]
2. The complete solution of z = px + qy + p2 q 2

√
(A) z = ax+by +a2 b2 (B) z = bx+ay +ab (C) z = ax+by + ab (D) z = ax+by +ab
Sol: Given z = px + qy + p2 q 2 . This is Clairaut’s form.
Hence the complete integral is z = ax + by + a2 b2 .
Ans. A
0 02
3. The complementary function of (D2 − 3DD + 2D )z = 0
(A) z = φ(y + x) − φ2 (y − 2x) (B) z = φ(y + x) − φ2 (y + 2x)
(C) z = φ1 (y − x) + φ2 (y + 2x) (D) z = φ1 (y + x) − φ2 (y + 2x)
2 0
Sol: The auxiliary equation is m − 3m + 2 = 0 where D = m, D = 1.
(m − 1)(m − 2) = 0 ⇒ m = 1, 2. C.F. is z = φ1 (y + x) + φ2 (y + 2x).
0
4. The particular integral of (D2 − 2DD )z = e2x
e−2x e−2x e2x ex
(A) (B) (C) (D)
2 4 4 4
Sol:
1 2x e2x 0
P.I. = 2 0e = where D = 2, D = 0
D − 2DD 4−4
1 2x xe2x
= x. e =
2D − 2D0 4−4
x e2x
2
= .
2
5. The constant a0 of the Fourier series for the function f (x) = x in 0 ≤ x ≤ 2π

(A) π (B) 2π (C) 3π (D) 0
Ans. B [See Q.No. 5, Page No. 13.]
6. The RMS value of f (x) = x in −1 ≤ x ≤ 1 is

1
(A) 1 (B) 0 (C) √ (D) -1
3 v v
u Rb u R1
u (f (x))2 dx u x2 dx
u u
t−1 1
Sol: RMS value of f (x) = a
t
= =√ .
b−a 2 3
Ans. C
7. If f (x) = x2 in (−π, π) then the value of bn is

(A) 1 (B) 0 (C) -1 (D) 2
Sol: If f (x) is an even function of x in (−π, π) then bn = 0.
Ans. B
8. Half range cosine series for f (x) in (0, π) is

a2 ∞ a2 1 P ∞ ∞ ∞
(A) 0 + an cos nx (B) 0 + (a2n + b2n ) (C)
P P P
bn sin nx (D) an cos nx
2 n=1 4 2 n=1 n=1 n=1
a0 P∞
Ans: + an cos nx
2 n=1
9. The one dimensional wave equation is

∂u ∂2u ∂2u ∂2u ∂y ∂2y ∂2u ∂2y
(A) = α2 2 (B) 2
= a2 2 (C) =α 2 (D) 2
=a 2
∂t ∂x ∂t ∂x ∂t ∂x ∂x ∂t
Ans. B
∂2u 2
2∂ u
∂t2 ∂x2
(A) Two (B) Three (C) Five (D) Four
Ans. D
11. One dimensional heat equation is used to find

(A) Density (B) Temperature Distribution (C) Time (D) Displacement
Ans. B
12. The proper solution in steady state heat flow problem is

2 2
(A) u = (Aeλx + Be−λx )eα λ t (B) u = Ax + B
2 2
(C) u = (A cos λx + B sin λx)eα λ t (D) u = (Aeλx + Be−λx )(Ceλat + De−λat )
Ans. B
13. The Fourier transform of f (x) is

1 R∞ 1 R∞
(A) √ f (x)eist dt (B) √ f (x)eisx dx
2π −∞ 2π −∞
1 R∞ 1 R∞
(C) √ f (x)dx (D) √ f (x)eisx dx
2π −∞ 2π ∞
Ans. B
14. If F [f (x)] = F (s) then iax

F [e f (x)] is
s
(A) F (as) (B) F (C) F (s − a) (D) F (s + a)
a
Ans. D [See Q.No. 15, Page No. 2.]
15. F (f (x) ∗ g(x)) is

(A) F (s) + G(s) (B) F (s) − G(s) (C) F (s)G(s) (D) F (s)/G(s)
Ans. C
R∞
16. If F [f (x)] = F (s) then |f (x)|2 dx =
−∞
R∞ R∞ R∞ R∞
(A) |F (s)|2 ds (B) |F (x)|2 dx (C) |F (x)|2 dx (D) |F (s)|2 ds
−∞ −∞ 0 0
Ans. A
17. What is Z[(−2)n ]

z −z −z z
(A) (B) (C) (D)
z+2 z+2 z−2 z−2
z z
Sol: We know that Z(an ) = ⇒ Z[(−2)n ] = .
z−a z+2
Ans. A
18. Z[nan ] =
z a az z
(A) (B) (C) (D)
(z − a)2 (z − a)2 (z − a)2 (z − a)2
Ans. C [See Q.No. 17, Page No. 15.]
h nπ i
19. Z cos =
2
z z z2 z2
(A) 2 (B) 2 (C) 2 (D) 2
z +1 z −1 z −4 z +1
Ans. D [See Q.No. 18, Page No. 15.]
zn
(z − 1)(z − 2)
(A) z = 1, 0 (B) z = 1, 2 (C) z = 0, 2 (D) z = 0
Sol: The poles are (z − 1)(z − 2) = 0 ⇒ z = 1, 2.
Ans. B

21. Solve p tan x + q tan y = tan z.

dx dx dx
Sol: The auxiliary equations are = =
tan x tan y tan z
Taking the first two ratios, we get
sin x
log sin x = log sin y + log a ⇒ a = .
sin y
sin y
Similarly taking the last two ratios, we get b = .
sin z
sin x sin y
Therefore the general solution is φ , = 0.
sin y sin z
22. Find the complete integral of p2 + q 2 = x + y.
Sol: Given equation is separable type.
Therefore p2 − x = y − q 2 = K (say)
√ √
⇒ p = x + k and q = y − k.
We know that dz = pdx + qdy.
√ √
dz = x + kdx + y − kdy
2 2
Integrating, we have z = (x + k)3/2 + (y − k)3/2 + c.
3 3
23. Find the half range Fourier sine series f (x) = x in 0 < x < π.
P∞ 2 Rπ
Sol: Let f (x) = bn sin nx where bn = f (x) sin nxdx.
n=1 π0
π
2 Rπ

2 − cos nx − sin nx 2 −π n
Now bn = x sin nxdx = x −1 = (−1) .
π0 π n n2 0 π n
∞ 2
(−1)n−1 sin nx.
P
Therefore x =
n=1 n
24. State any two assumptions in deriving one dimensional wave equation and write its all
possible solutions.
See Q.No. 24, Page No. 4.

1 s
25. If F [f (x)] = F (s) then prove that F [f (ax)] = F where a 6= 0.
|a| a
1 R∞ isx
Proof: By definition F {f (ax)} = √ e f (ax)dx.
2π −∞
dt
Put ax = t ⇒ dx = .
a s
∞

1 R i t dt 1 s
case i: a > 0 ⇒ F {f (ax)} = √ e a f (t) = F . (1)
2π −∞ a a a
s
1 −∞

R i t dt −1 s
case ii: a < 0 ⇒ F {f (ax)} = √ e a f (t) = F . (2)
2π ∞ a a a
1 s
From (1) and (2), we get F {f (ax)} = F .
|a| a
z(z − cos θ)
26. Prove that Z(cos nθ) = if |z| > 1.
z2 − 2z cos θ + 1
Ans. See Q.No. 26, Page No. 5. and equating real parts, we get
z(z − cos θ)
Z(cos nθ) = 2 if |z| > 1.
z − 2z cos θ + 1

−1 1
27. Find Z .
(z − 1)(z − 2)
1
Sol: Let X(z) = .
(z − 1)(z − 2)
z n−1
X(z)z n−1 = has simple poles at z = 1 and z = 2.
(z − 1)(z − 2)
(z − 1)z n−1
R1 = {Residue}z=1 = lim = −1 and
z→1 (z − 1)(z − 2)
(z − 2)z n−1
R2 = {Residue}z=2 = lim = 2n−1 .
z→2 (z − 1)(z − 2)
R is the sum of the residues of X(z)z n−1
P P
Hence x(n) = R where
⇒ x(n) = 2n−1 − 1.
Part - C (5 × 12=60 Marks)

28. a.i. Find the singular solution of z = px + qy + p2 q 2 .

Sol: Given z = px + qy + p2 q 2 . This is Clairaut’s form.
The complete solution is z = ax + by + a2 b2 . (1)
Partially differentiating w.r.to a and b, we get 0 = x + 2ab2 and 0 = y + 2ba2 .
Therefore x = −2ab2 and y = −2ba2 (2)
x y 1
⇒ = = −2ab = (say).
a b k
Hence a = ky and b = kx.
Substituting the values of a and b in (2) and (1), we get
−1
k3 = and z = kxy + kxy + k 4 x2 y 2
2xy
2 2 −1 3
⇒ z = 2kxy + kx y ⇒ z = kxy.
2xy 2
27
Hence z 3 = k 3 x3 y 3 ⇒ 16z 3 + 27x2 y 2 = 0.
8
ii. Solve x(y − z)p + y(z − x)q = z(x − y).
dx dy dz
Sol: The auxiliary equations are = = .
x(y − z) y(z − x) z(x − y)
dx + dy + dz dx + dy + dz
Each is equal to P ⇒
x(y − z) 0
⇒ d(x + y + z) = 0.
Integrating, we have x + y + z = a.
1 1 1
Also, taking the Lagrangian multipliers , , , we have
x y z
dx dy dz
x = y = z
y−z z−x x−y
dx dy dz dx dy dz
+ + + +
x y z x y z
Each ratio is equal to P ⇒
(y − z) 0
dx dy dz
Hence + + = 0.
x y z
Integrating log x + log y + log z = log b ⇒ xyz = b.
Hence, the general solution is φ(x + y + z, xyz) = 0.
(OR)
0 02
b. Solve (i) (D2 + DD − 6D )z = x2 y + e3x+y (ii) z 2 (p2 + q 2 ) = x2 + y 2 .
0
Sol: i. The auxiliary equation is m2 + m − 6 = 0 where D = m, D = 1.
⇒ (m − 2)(m + 3) = 0 ⇒ m = −3, 2.
The complementary function (C.F.) is φ1 (y − 3x) + φ2 (y + 2x).
1
Particular integral = (x2 y + e3x+y )
D2+ DD0 − 6D02
1 2 1
= 2 0 02 x y + e3x+y
D + DD − 6D D + DD0 − 6D02
2
= P.I1 + P.I2
" 0 02
!#−1
1 1 DD + 6D
P.I1 = 2 x2 y = 2 1 + x2 y
D + DD0 − 6D02 D D2
 ! !2 
0 02 0 02
1 DD + 6D DD + 6D
= 2 1 − 2
+ + · · ·  x2 y
D D D2
" 0
#
1 D 2 1 2 1 2
= 2 1− x y= 2 x y− x
D D D D
x4 y x5
= −
12 60
1
P.I2 = e3x+y
D2 + DD0 − 6D02
e3x+y 0
= where D = 3, D = 1
6
z = C.F. + P.I1 + P.I2
x4 y x5 e3x+y
= φ1 (y − 3x) + φ2 (y + 2x) + − + .
12 60 6
2 2 2 2
ii. Given z (p + q ) = x + y . 2
⇒ (zp)2 + (zq)2 = x2 + y 2 .
This is of the form F (z k p, z k q) = 0.
∂Z ∂Z ∂z ∂z
Put Z = z k+1 = z 2 then P = = . = 2zp where p = .
∂x ∂z ∂x ∂x
Similary Q = 2zq. Therefore the equation reduces to P 2 + Q2 = 4(x2 + y 2 ).
⇒ P 2 − 4x2 = 4y 2 − Q2 = 4a (say)
√ p
Hence P = 4a + 4x2 and Q = 4y 2 − 4a
√ p
2 2
We know that dZ = P dx + Qdy ⇒ dZ = 2 a + x dx + 2 y − ady
x√

2
a −1 x yp 2 a −1 y
Integrating, Z = 2 a + x + sinh √ + y − a − cosh √ + b
2 2 a 2 2 a
2
√ −1 x
p −1 y
2 2
⇒ z = x a + x + a sinh √ + y y − a − a cosh √ + b.
a a
29. a. Find the Fourier series to represent (x − x2 ) in the interval (−π, π). Deduce the
1 1 1 1
value of 2 − 2 + 2 − 2 + · · · .
1 2 3 4
a0 ∞
P P∞
Let f (x) = + an cos nx + bn sin nx (1)
2 n=1 n=1
1 Rπ 1 Rπ 1 Rπ
where a0 = f (x)dx, an = f (x) cos nxdx and bn = f (x) sin nxdx.
π −π π −π π −π
To find a0 , an , bn :
Zπ Zπ Zπ
1 2 1 1
a0 = (x − x )dx = xdx − x2 dx
π π π
−π −π −π
Zπ
2
=0− x2 dx, since x is odd and x2 is even
π
0
−2π 2
=
3
Zπ Zπ Zπ
1 2 1 1
an = (x − x ) cos nxdx = x cos nxdx − x2 cos nxdx
π π π
−π −π −π
Zπ
2
=0− x2 cos nxdx, since x cos nx is odd
π
0
− sin nx π

=− x − 2x +2
π n n n3 0
2 h cos nπ i
=− 2π , since sin 0 = sin nπ = 0
π n
−4(−1)n
=
n2
Zπ Zπ Zπ
1 2 1 1
bn = (x − x ) sin nxdx = x sin nxdx − x2 sin nxdx
π π π
−π −π −π
Zπ
2
= x sin nxdx − 0, since x2 sin nx is odd
π
0
− sin nx π

2 − cos nx 2 − cos nπ
= x −1 = π
π n n 0 π n
−2(−1) n
=
n
Substituting the values of a0 , an , bn in (1), we get
−π 2 ∞

2
P n 4 2
x−x = − (−1) cos nx + sin nx
3 n=1 n2 n
Deduction: x = 0 which is a point of continuity. Hence the sum of the Fourier series
equals the value
of the function at x = 0. Therefore f (0) = 0. 2
−π 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 π
0= + 4 2 − 2 + 2 − ··· ⇒ 2 − 2 + 2 − ··· = .
3 1 2 3 1 2 3 12
(OR)
π 2π 4π 5π
x 0 π 2π
3 3 3 3
y 1 1.4 1.9 1.7 1.5 1.5 1
a0 P2 P2 2 P
Sol: Let f (x) = + an cos nx + bn sin nx where a0 = f (x),
2 n=1 n=1 m
2 P 2 P
an = f (x) cos nx and bn = f (x) sin nx.
m m
x f (x) cos x sin x cos 2x sin 2x

0 1 1 0 1 0
π
1.4 0.5 0.866 -0.5 0.866
3
2π
1.9 -0.5 0.866 -0.5 -0.866
3
π 1.7 -1 0 1 0
4π
1.5 -0.5 -0.866 0.5 0.866
3
5π
1.5 0.5 -0.866 0.5 -0.866
3
1
Now a0 = [1 + 1.4 + 1.9 + 1.7 + 1.5 + 1.5] = 3
3
2P 1
a1 = f (x) cos x = [1 + 0.7 − 0.95 − 1.7 − 0.75 + 0.75] = −0.3167
6 3
2P 1
a2 = f (x) cos 2x = [1 − 0.7 + 0.95 + 1.7 − 0.75 − 0.75] = 0.48
6 3
2P 1
b1 = f (x) sin x = [0 + 1.2124 + 1.6454 + 0 − 1.299 − 1.299] = 0.0866
6 3
2 P 1
b2 = f (x) sin 2x = [0 + 1.2124 − 1.6454 + 0 + 1.299 − 1.299] = −0.1443
6 3
Hence f (x) = 1.5 − 0.3167 cos x + 0.48 cos 2x + 0.0866 sin x − 0.1443 sin 2x.
30. a. A tightly string of length l has its end fastened at x = 0, x = l. At t = 0, the string
is in the form f (x) = kx(l − x) and then released. Find the displacement at any point
on the string at a distance x from one end and at any time t > 0.
Ans. See Q.No. 30. a., Page No. 8.
(OR)
until steady state conditions prevail. If the temperature at each end is then suddenly
reduced to 0◦ C and maintained so, find the temperature u(x, t) at a distance x from
A at time t.
(
a2 − x2 if |x| < a
31. a. Find the Fourier transform of f (x) given by f (x) = hence
0 if |x| > a > 0
R∞ sin x − x cos x π
prove that 3
dx = .
0 x 4
Sol:
Z∞ Za
1 isx 1
F {f (x)} = √ f (x)e dx = √ (a2 − x2 )eisx dx
2π 2π
−∞ −a
Za
1
=√ (a2 − x2 )(cos sx + i sin sx)dx
2π
−a
Za Za
1 2 2 1
=√ (a − x ) cos sxdx + i √ (a2 − x2 ) sin sxdx
2π 2π
−a −a
Za
2
=√ (a2 − x2 ) cos sxdx + i.0 since (a2 − x2 ) sin sx is odd
2π
0
− sin sx a

2 sin sx − cos sx
=√ (a2 − x2 ) − (−2x) + (−2)
2π s s2 s3 0

2 cos as sin as
=√ −2a +2
2π s2 s3
4
= √ [sin as − as cos as]
s3 2π
Using inversion formula
1 R∞
f (x) = √ F {f (x)} e−isx ds
2π −∞
1 R∞ 4
f (x) = √ √ [sin as − as cos as] e−isx ds
2π −∞ s3 2π
2 R∞ 1
[sin as − as cos as] (cos sx − i sin sx)ds = a2 − x2
π −∞ s3
R∞ sin as − as cos as

π
Equating real parts, 3
cos sxds = (a2 − x2 )
−∞ s 2
R∞ sin s − s cos s

π
Putting x = 0 and a = 1 ⇒ 3
ds =
−∞ s 2
R∞ sin s − s cos s R∞ sin x − x cos x

π π
Hence 3
ds = ⇒ 3
dx = .
0 s 4 0 x 4
(OR)
b. i. Find the Fourier cosine and sine transform of f (x) = e−ax , a > 0.
R∞ dx
ii. Evaluate 2 2 2 2
using transform method.
0 (a + x )(b + x )
Ans. See Q.No. 30. b. i., Page No. 11.
z 2 + 2z
32. a. i. Find Z −1 [F (z)] if F (z) = .
z 2 + 2z + 4
Ans. See Q.No. 32.a.i, Page No. 11.
z+3
ii. Find the inverse Z -transform of f (z) using residues = f (z).
(z + 1)(z − 2)
z+3
(z + 1)(z − 2)
z n−1 (z + 3)
f (z)z n−1 = has simple poles at z = −1 and z = 2.
(z + 1)(z − 2)
R is the sum of the residue of f (z)z n−1
P P
Therefore x(n) = R where
z n−1 (z + 3) −2
R1 = {Residue}z=−1 = lim (z + 1) =
z→−1 (z + 1)(z − 2) 3
z n−1 (z + 3) 2n−1 .5
R1 = {Residue}z=2 = lim (z − 2) =
z→2 (z + 1)(z − 2) 3
−2 2n−1 .5 1
= (5.2n−1 − 2).
P
Therefore x(n) = R = +
3 3 3
(OR)
b. Solve the equation yn+2 − 7yn+1 + 12yn = 2n given y0 = y1 = 0 using z− transform.

Z(yn+2 ) − 7Z(yn+1 ) + 12Z(yn ) = Z(2n )
h y1 i z
z 2 Y (z) − y0 − − 7 [z(Y (z) − y0 )] + 12Y (z) =
z z−2
2 z z
⇒ (z − 7z + 12)Y (z) = ⇒ Y (z) =
z−2 (z − 2)(z 2 − 7z + 12)
z
⇒ Y (z) = .
(z − 2)(z − 3)(z − 4)
Y (z) has pole at z = 2, 3, 4.
P P
zn 2n
R1 = {Residue}z=2 = lim (z − 2) = = 2n−1
z→2 (z − 2)(z − 3)(z − 4) 2
zn
R2 = {Residue}z=3 = lim (z − 3) = −3n
z→3 (z − 2)(z − 3)(z − 4)
zn 4n
R3 = {Residue}z=4 = lim (z − 4) = = 22n−1
z→4 (z − 2)(z − 3)(z − 4) 2
Hence y(n) = 2n−1 − 3n + 22n−1 .

Part - A (20 × 1=20 Marks)

1. The partial differential equation formed by eliminating the arbitrary function from the
relation z = f (x2 + y 2 ) is
Ans. B [Sol: See Q.No. 21, Page No. 3]
2. The complete integral of q = 2py is

(A) z = ax + ay 2 + b (B) z = ax2 − ay 2 + b (C) z = ax + by (D) z = 2xy
Sol: Given q = 2py. This is of the form F (y, p, q) = 0.
Let p = a then q = 2ay. We know that dz = pdx + qdy ⇒ dz = adx + 2aydy
Integrating, z = ax + ay 2 + b.
Ans. A
3. The solution which has equal number in arbitrary constants and independent variables
is known as
(A) General integral (B) Complete integral
(C) Particular integral (D) Singular integral
Ans. B
4. The particular integral of D2 z = x3 y is

x5 y x2 y 2
(A) (B) (C) x4 y 2 (D) x3 y
20 10
1 1 x4 x5 y
Sol: P.I.= 2 x3 y = y. = .
D D 4 20
Ans. A
5. The period of the periodic function tan x is

(A) π (B) 2π (C) 3π (D) 0
Ans. A
6. If f (x) is discontinuous at x = a, then the sum of the Fourier series x = a is

f (a− ) − f (a+ ) f (a− ) − f (a+ ) f (a− ) + f (a+ )
(A) (B) f (a− ) − f (a+ ) (C) (D)
2 3 2
Ans. D
7. In the half range cosine series of f (x) = cos x in (0, π) the value of a0 is
2 4
(A) 4 (B) (C) (D) 0
π π
Ans. D [Sol: See Q.No. 8, Page No. 2]
a20 1 P ∞
8. If y is the RMS value of f (x) in (0, 2l), then the value of + (a2 + b2n ) is
4 2 n=1 n
y2 y
(A) (B) (C) y (D) y 2
2 2
Ans. D
∂2u 2
2∂ u
∂t2 ∂x2
(A) Two (B) Three (C) Four (D) Five
Ans. C
10. The most general solution for the displacement y(x, t) of the string of the length l
vibrating between fixed end points with non-zero initial velocity is
∞ ∞
nπx
P nπat P nπx nπat
(A) Bn sin cos (B) Bn sin sin
n=1 l l n=1 l l
∞ ∞
nπx
P nπat P nπx nπat
(C) Bn cos sin (D) Bn cos cos
n=1 l l n=1 l l
∂2u ∂ 2u
Sol: The displacement y(x, t) is governed by = a2 2 .
∂t2 ∂x
(i) y(0, t) = 0, t ≥ 0 (ii) y(l, t) = 0, t ≥ 0
The initial conditions are
∂y
(iii) y(x, 0) = 0, 0 ≤ x ≤ l (iv) 6= 0, 0 ≤ x ≤ l.
∂t t=0
nπ
⇒ B 6= 0 and sin nl = 0 ⇒ λl = nπ ⇒ λ =
l
l l l l
nπx
Again using the initial condition (iii), B sin .C = 0 ⇒ B 6= 0, C = 0.
l
nπx nπat
C = 0 in equation (3), y(x, t) = B sin D sin
l l
∞
P nπx nπat
The most general solution is y(x, t) = Bn sin sin .
n=1 l l
Ans. B
∂u ∂2u
11. The one dimensional heat equation = α2 2 , α2 stands for
∂t ∂x
k T k k
(A) (B) (C) (D)
δ m ρc c
Ans. C
12. The steady state temperature of a rod of length l whose ends are kept respectively at
30◦ C and 40◦ C is
10x 20x
(A) u(x) = + 30 (B) u(x) = + 30
l l
10x 10x
(C) u(x) = + 30 (D) u(x) = + 40
l l
d2 u
dx2
The initial conditions are u(0) = 30 and u(l) = 40.
10
u(l) = la + 30 ⇒ 40 = la + 30 ⇒ a = .
l
10x
Therefore u(x) = + 30.
l
Ans. A or C
13. If F [f (x)] = F (s) then F [f (ax)] =

1 s s
(A) aF (s) (B) F (as) (C) F (D) aF
|a| a a
Ans. C [Sol: See Q.No. 25, Page No. 27]
Fourier cosine transformrof f (x) = e−ax , (where a > 0 )

14. The r

2 s 2 a
(A) 2 2
(B) 2 2
rπ s + a rπ s + a
2 s 2 a
(C) (D)
π s2 − a2 π s2 − a2
Ans. B [Sol: See Q.No. 25, Page No. 5]
15. The value of Fc [x.f (x)] is

d d d d
(A) [Fs (s)] (B) − [Fs (s)] (C) i [Fs (s)] (D) (−i) [Fs (s)]
ds ds r ds ds
2 R∞
Sol: By definition Fs (s) = f (x) sin sxdx
π 0
Differentiatingr w.r.to s, we get
d 2 R∞ d
[Fs (s)] = xf (x) cos sxdx ⇒ [Fs (s)] = Fc {x.f (x)} .
ds π 0 ds
Ans. A
R∞
16. If F [f (x)] = F (s) then |f (x)|2 dx =
−∞
R∞ R∞ R∞ R1
(A) |F (s)|2 ds (B) |F (s)|2 ds (C) |F (s)|ds (D) |F (s)|ds
0 −∞ 0 0
Ans. B

1
17. The value of Z is
n!
1 1
! !
−
(A) e z (B) e z (C) ez (D) e−z
1
∞ 1

1 −n 1 1 1 1
+ · · · = ez
P
Sol: Z = z ⇒Z =1+ + +
n! n=0 n! n! z 2!z 2 3!z 3
Ans. A

z
18. The inverse Z -transform of is
(z − 1)2
(A) n − 1 (B) n (C) n + 1 (D) n2
Ans. B [Sol: See Q.No. 19, Page No. 15 and replace by a = 1 ]
19. If Z(f (n)) = F (z) and Z(g(n)) = G(z), then the Z -transform of f (n) ∗ g(n) is
(A) F (z) + G(z) (B) F (z) − G(z) (C) F (z).G(z) (D) F (z) ÷ G(z)
Ans. C
z n (z + 1)
(z − 2)3
(A) -1 (order 3) (B) 1 (order 3) (C) 2 (order 3) (D) -2 (order 3)
Sol: The poles are given by z − 2 = 0 ⇒ z = 2.
Ans. C

21. Compute the complete integral of p2 + q 2 = x + y.

Ans. See Q.No. 22, Page No. 26.
0 02
22. Solve (D2 − 4DD + 4D )z = e2x+y .
Sol: The auxiliary equation is m2 − 4m + 4 = 0
⇒ (m − 2)2 = 0 ⇒ m = 2, 2.
The Complementary function (C.F.) is φ1 (y + 2x) + xφ2 (y + 2x)
1
Particular integral (P.I.) = 2 e2x+y
D − 4DD0 + 4D02
1
P.I. = e2x+y
D2 − 4DD0 + 4D02
1 0
= e2x+y where D = 2, D = 1
4−8+4
1 2x+y
= e
0
1
= x. e2x+y
2D − 4D0
1 2x+y 0
= x. e where D = 2, D = 1
4−4
1
= x. e2x+y
0
2 1 2x+y
=x . e
2
x2 2x+y
Hence the solution is z = C.F. + P.I. = φ1 (y + 2x) + xφ2 (y + 2x) + e .
2
23. Find the half range Fourier sine series f (x) = x(π − x) in 0 < x < π.
P∞ 2 Rπ
Sol: Let f (x) = bn sin nx where bn = f (x) sin nxdx
n=1 π0
Zπ
2
Now bn = (πx − x2 ) sin nxdx
π
0
2

− cos nx

− sin nx
cos nx π
2
= (πx − x ) − (π − 2x) + (−2)
π n n2 n3 0

2 −2 −2
= cos nπ − 3 cos 0 since sin 0 = sin nπ = 0
π n3 n
−4 8
= 3 [(−1)n − 1] = 3 if n is odd
n π n π
P 8
Therefore x(π − x) = 3
sin nx.
n=odd n π
24. List out all the possible and correct solutions for the one dimensional wave equation with
non-zero velocity problem.
Ans. Possible solution: See Q. No. 24, Page No. 4 and the correct solution is
y(x, t) = (A cos λx + B sin λx)(C cos λat + D sin λat).
25. A rod of length l has its ends A and B kept at 0◦ C and 100◦ C respectively until
steady state conditions prevail. Find the steady state temperature of the rod.
d2 u
dx2
The initial conditions are u(0) = 0 and u(l) = 100.
Using these conditions in (1), we obtain
100
u(0) = 0 + b ⇒ b = 0 and u(l) = la ⇒ 100 = la ⇒ a = .
l
100x
Therefore u(x) = .
l
26. Determine the Fourier transform of e−|x| .
Z∞ Z∞
n
−|x|
o 1 1
F e =√ isx
f (x)e dx = √ e−|x| eisx dx
2π 2π
−∞ −∞
Z∞
1
=√ e−|x| (cos sx + i sin sx)dx
2π
−∞
Z∞ Z∞
1 −|x| 1
=√ e cos sx + i √ e−|x| sin sxdx
2π 2π
−∞ −∞
Z∞
2
=√ e−x cos sxdx + 0, since e−|x| sin sx is odd
2π
0
r ∞
2 e−x
= (− cos sx + s sin sx)
π s2 + 1 0
r
2 1
= 2
π s +1
z2
27. Using convolution theorem, calculate the inverse Z -transform of .
(z − a)2
Sol:
z2

z z
Z −1 = Z −1
.
(z − a)2 z−a z−a

−1 z −1 z
=Z .Z
z−a z−a
n
X
= an ∗ an = am .an−m
m=0
n
X
= an 1 = an (n + 1)
m=0
Part - C (5 × 12=60 Marks)

p
28. a. i. Find the singular integral of z = px + qy + 1 + p2 + q 2 .
Sol: The given equation is Clairaut’s form.
√
Therefore the complete integral is z = ax + by + 1 + a2 + b2 . (1)
Differentiating (1) w. r. to a and b, we get
1 −a
0 = x + (1 + a2 + b2 )1/2−1 .2a ⇒ x = √ (2)
2 1 + a2 + b2
1 −b
and 0 = y + (1 + a2 + b2 )1/2−1 .2b ⇒ y = √ (3)
2 1 + a2 + b2
a2 + b2 1
Now 1 − x2 − y 2 = 1 − 2 2
⇒ 1 − x2 − y 2 =
1+a +b 1 + a2 + b2
√ 1
⇒ 1 + a2 + b2 = p
1 − x2 − y 2
√ −x
(2) ⇒ a = −x 1 + a2 + b2 = p
1 − x2 − y 2
√ −y
(3) ⇒ b = −y 1 + a2 + b2 = p
1 − x2 − y 2
Substituting in (1), we get
x2 y2 1 1 − x2 − y 2
z = −p −p +p =p
2 2 1 − x2 − y 2 1 − x2 − y 2 1 − x2 − y 2
p 1−x −y
2 2 2 2 2 2
z = 1 − x − y ⇒ z = 1 − x − y . Hence x + y + z = 1. 2 2
0
ii. Solve (D3 − 2D2 D )z = sin(x + 2y) + 3x2 y.
(OR)
b. i. Form the PDE by eliminating φ from φ(x2 + y 2 + z 2 , lx + my + nz) = 0.

Sol: Rewriting the given equation as x2 + y 2 + z 2 = f (lx + my + nz).
Differentiating partially w.r.to
x and y, we get
∂z 0 ∂z
2x + 2z = f (lx + my + nz) l + n and (1)
∂x ∂x
∂z 0 ∂z
2y + 2z = f (lx + my + nz) l + m . (2)
∂y ∂y
x + pz l + np ∂z ∂z
Divide (1) and (2), we get = where = p, = q.
y + qz m + nq ∂x ∂y
⇒ (x + pz)(m + nq) = (y + qz)(l + np)
⇒ xm + xnq + pzm + pznq = yl + ynp + qzl + qznp.
⇒ (zm − yn)p + (xn − zl)q = yl − xm.
ii. Find the general solution of z(x − y) = x2 p − y 2 q.
dx dy dz
Sol: The auxiliary equation are 2 = = .
x −y 2 z(x − y)
dx dy
Taking the first two ratios, 2 = .
x −y 2
−1 1 1 1
Integrating, = + a ⇒ + = a1 .
x y x y
dx + dy dz d(x + y) dz
Now 2 2
= ⇒ = .
x −y z(x − y) x+y z
x+y
Integrating, log(x + y) = log z + log b ⇒ = b.
z
1 1 x+y
The general solution is φ + , = 0.
x y z
29. a. Obtain the Fourier series expansion of f (x) = x2 in −π < x < π) and hence find
1 1 1
the sum of the series 4 + 4 + 4 + · · · .
1 2 3
Sol: Given the function is even function. Therefore bn = 0.
a0 ∞
P
The Fourier series is f (x) = + an cos nx (1)
2 n=1
2 Rπ 2 Rπ
where a0 = f (x)dx and an = f (x) cos nxdx.
π0 π0
To find a0 , an :
Zπ
2
a0 = x2 dx
π
0
π
x3 2π 2

2
= =
π 3 0 3
Zπ
2
an = x2 cos nxdx
π
0
− sin nx π

= x − 2x +2
π n n n3 0
2 h cos nπ i
= 2π , since sin 0 = sin nπ = 0
π n
4(−1)n
=
n2
Substituting the values of a0 , an in (1), we get
π2 ∞ 4
x2 = (−1)n 2 cos nx.
P
+
3 n=1 n
1 Rπ a2 1 P ∞
By Parseval’s identity |f (x)|2 dx = 0 + (a2 + b2n ).
2π −π 4 2 n=1 n
1 Rπ 4 1 4π 4 1 P ∞ 16
⇒ x dx = + +
2π −π 4 9 2 n=1 n4
1 Rπ 4 π4 ∞ 1
P
⇒ .2 x dx = +8 4
2π 0 9 n=1 n
5 π 4
1 x π ∞
P 1 P∞ 1 π4
⇒ = +8 4
⇒ 4
= .
π 5 0 9 n=1 n n=1 n 90
(OR)
b. Compute the first three harmonics of the half range cosine series of y = f (x) from
x 0 1 2 3 4 5
y = f (x) 4 8 15 7 6 2
a0 P3 nπx 2 P 2 P nπx
Sol: Let f (x) = + an cos where a0 = f (x), an = f (x) cos ,
2 n=1 l m m l
πx π 2πx 3πx 4πx 5πx
Put θ = and l = 6. Therefore the values are θ are 0, , , , , .
l 6 6 6 6 6
x f (x) cos θ cos 2θ cos 3θ

0 4 1 1 1
π
8 0.866 0.5 0
6
2π
15 0.5 -0.5 -1
6
3π
7 0 -1 0
6
4π
6 -0.5 -0.5 1
6
5π
2 -0.866 0.5 0
6
2
Now a0 = [4 + 8 + 15 + 7 + 6 + 2] = 14
6
2P 1
a1 = f (x) cos θ = [4 + 6.928 + 7.5 + 0 − 3 − 1.732] = 4.5653
6 3
2P 1
a2 = f (x) cos 2θ = [4 + 4 − 7.5 − 7 − 3 + 1] = −2.8333
6 3
2P 1
a3 = f (x) cos 3θ = [4 + 0 − 15 + 0 + 6 + 0] = −1.6667
6 3
Hence f (x) = 7 + 4.5653 cos θ − 2.83333 cos 2θ − 1.6667 cos 3θ.
30. a. A tightly stretched string with fixed end point x = 0 and x = l is initially in a
3 πx
position given by y(x, 0) = y0 sin . If it is released from rest in this position, find
l
the displacement y(x, t) of the string at any point.
∂2u 2
2 ∂ u.
∂t2 ∂x2
(i) y(0, t) = 0, t ≥ 0 (ii) y(l, t) = 0, t ≥ 0
The initial
conditions are
∂y πx
(iii) = 0, 0 ≤ x ≤ l (iv) y(x, 0) = y0 sin3 , 0 ≤ x ≤ l.
∂t t=0 l

nπ
⇒ B 6= 0 and sin nl = 0 ⇒ λl = nπ ⇒ λ =
l
l l l l
Again using the initial condition (iii),
∂t l l l l l
∂y nπx h nπa i
⇒ = B sin 0 + D. ⇒ B 6= 0, D = 0
∂t t=0 l l
nπx nπat
l l
∞
P nπx nπat
n=1 l l
∞ nπx πx
= y0 sin3
P
Using initial condition (iv), y(x, 0) = Bn sin .
n=1 l l
πx 1 πx 3πx
Since sin3 = 3 sin − sin .
l 4 l l
πx 2πx 3πx y0 πx 3πx
Therefore B1 sin + B2 sin + B3 sin + ··· = 3 sin − sin .
l l l 4 l l
3y0 −y0
Equating like coefficients, we get B1 = , B2 = 0, B3 = , B4 = B5 = · · · = 0.
4 4
3y0 πx πat y0 3πx 3πat
Substituting these value in (4), we get y(x, t) = sin cos − sin cos .
4 l l 4 l l
(OR)
until steady state conditions prevail. The temperature at each end is suddenly reduced
to 0◦ C and kept so. Estimate the resulting temperature function u(x, t) of the rod.
(
1 − |x|, in |x| < 1
31. Find the Fourier transform of f (x) = and hence deduce the value
0, in |x| > 1
R∞ sin t 4

of dt.
0 t
Sol:
Z∞ Z1
1 isx 1
F {f (x)} = √ f (x)e dx = √ (1 − |x|)eisx dx
2π 2π
−∞ −1
Z1
1
=√ (1 − |x|)(cos sx + i sin sx)dx
2π
−1
Z1
2
=√ (1 − x) cos sxdx + i.0, since (1 − |x|) sin sx is odd
2π
0
− cos sx 1
r
2 sin sx
F {f (x)} = (1 − x) − (−1)
π s s2 0
r
2 cos s −1
= − 2 −
π s s2
r r
2 2 sin2 (s/2)

2 1 − cos s
= = .
π s2 π s2
R∞ R∞
By Parseval’s identity |F (s)|2 ds = |f (x)|2 dx
−∞ −∞
R∞ 2 4 sin4 (s/2) R1
⇒ . 4
ds = (1 − |x|)2 dx
−∞ π s −1
8 R∞ sin4 (s/2) R1
⇒ .2 ds = 2 (1 − x)2 dx
π 0 s4 0
s
Put t = ⇒ 2t = s. Therefore 2 dt = ds and t = 0 to t = ∞
2 1
8 R∞ sin4 t (1 − x)3 R∞ sin4 t

π
⇒ 4
.2dt = ⇒ 4
dt = .
π 0 (2t) −3 0 0 t 3
(OR)
R∞ dx R∞ x2 dx
b. Using Parseval’s identity, evaluate and .
0 (x2 + a2 )2 2 2 2
0 (x + a )
Sol: Consider f (x) = e−ax , a > 0. r
2 a
The Fourier cosine transform Fc (e−ax ) = [See Q. No. 25, Page No. 5] and
π a + s2
2
r
2 s
The Fourier sine transform Fs (e−ax ) = [See Q. No. 31.b., Page No. 22].
π a + s2
2
R∞ R∞
By Parseval’s identity for cosine transform |Fc (s)|2 ds = |f (x)|2 dx
0 0
2 R∞ a2 R∞ −2ax
ds = e dx
π 0 (s2 + a2 )2 0
2 R∞ a2 e−2ax

1
⇒ 2 2 2
ds = = .
π 0 (s + a ) −2a 2a
R∞ ds π
Therefore 2 2 2
= 3
0 (s + a ) 4a
dx R∞ π
Changing the variable s into x , we get = 3.
0 +a )2 2 4a (x2
R∞ ∞
By Parseval’s identity for sine transform |Fs (s)|2 ds = |f (x)|2 dx
R
0 0
2 R∞ s2 R∞ −2ax
ds = e dx
π 0 (s2 + a2 )2 0
2 R∞ s2 e−2ax

1
⇒ 2 2 2
ds = = .
π 0 (s + a ) −2a 2a
R∞ s2 ds π
Therefore 2 + a2 )2
=
0 (s 4a
R∞ x2 dx π
Changing the variable s into x , we get 2 2 2
= .
0 (x + a ) 4a
10z
32. a. i. Using long division method, find the inverse Z -transform of .
(z − 1)(z − 2)
10z 10z −1
Sol: Let F (z) = = .
(z − 1)(z − 2) 1 − 3z −1 + 2z −2
By long division
10z −1 +30z −2 +70z −3 150z −4 + · · ·
1 − 3z −1 + 2z −2 √ 10z −1
10z −1 −30z −2 +20z −3
30z −2 −20z −3
−30z −2 +90z −3 +60z −4
70z −3 −60z −4
−70z −3 −210z −4 +140z −5
150z −4 −140z −5
150z −4 −450z −5 +300z −6
310z −5 −300z −6
∞
f (n)z −n = 10z −1 + 30z −2 + 70z −3 + 150z −4 + · · ·
P
Hence
n=0
Therefore f (0) = 1, f (1) = 10, f (2) = 30, f (3) = 70, f (4) = 150, etc.
ii. Solve y(n + 2) − 4y(n + 1) + 4y(n) = 0, given y(0) = 1 and y(1) = 0.
Z[y(n + 2)] − 4Z[y(n + 1)] + 4Z[y(n)] = 0

2 y(1)
z Y (z) − y(0) − − 4 [z(Y (z) − y(0))] + 4Y (z) = 0
z
z 2 − 4z z(z − 4)
⇒ (z 2 − 4z + 4)Y (z) − z 2 + 4z = 0 ⇒ Y (z) = 2 ⇒ Y (z) = .
(z − 4z + 4) (z − 2)2
Y (z) has pole of order 2 at z = 2.
P P
d n
z (z − 4)
R = lim (z − 2)2 = lim z n .1 + nz n−1 (z − 4) = 2n (1 − n).

z→2 dz (z − 2) 2 z→2
Hence y(n) = 2n (1 − n).
(OR)
z 2 − 3z
b. i. Using residues method, find the inverse Z -transform of
(z + 2)(z − 5)
z 2 − 3z z n (z − 3)
Sol: Let f (z) = ⇒ f (z)z n−1 =
(z + 2)(z − 5) (z + 2)(z − 5)
The poles are given by (z + 2)(z − 5) = 0 ⇒ z = −2, 5 which are simple poles.
z n (z − 3) 5
R1 = {Residue}z=−2 = lim (z + 2) = (−2)n
z→−2 (z + 2)(z − 5) 7
z n (z − 3) 2 n
R2 = {Residue}z=5 = lim (z − 5) = (5)
z→5 (z + 2)(z − 5) 7
5 2
Therefore x(n) = R = (−2)n + (5)n .
P
7 7
ii. Solve y(n + 2) + 6y(n + 1) + 9y(n) = 2n , given y(0) = y(1) = 0.

SRM Maths 15MA201 Question Papers

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Transforms and Boundary Value Problems

(For B.Tech Students)

Solved University Questions Papers

1 Nov. 2016 Q&A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 01-12

B.Tech. Degree Examination, November 2016

Part - A (20 × 1=20 Marks)

2. The complete integral of p = 2qx is

6. sin x is periodic function with period

9. The one dimensional wave equation is

11. The one dimensional heat equation is

12. One dimensional heat equation is used to find

13. The Fourier transform of f (x) is

15. F [eiax f (x)] is  

16. F (f (x) ∗ g(x)) is

Part - B (5 × 4=20 Marks)

23. Find the RMS value of f (x)v= x − x2 , in −1 < x < 1.

Sol: RMS value of f (x) = a

25. Find the Fourier cosine transform of f (x) = e−ax , a > 0.

Part - C (5 × 12=60 Marks)

28. a.i. Find the singular solution of z = px + qy + p2 + q 2 .

Hence xdx + ydy + zdz = 0.

x f (x) cos x sin x cos 2x sin 2x

P 8kl2 nπx nπat

(i) u(0, t) = 0 for all t ≥ 0 (ii) u(30, t) = 0 for all t ≥ 0.

b. Solve the equation yn+2 + 6yn+1 + 9yn = 2n given y0 = y1 = 0 using Z -transform.

B.Tech. Degree Examination, May 2017

Part - A (20 × 1=20 Marks)

1. The PDE formed by eliminating the arbitrary function from z = f (x2 + y 2 ) is

3. The particular integral of (D2 )z = x2 y is

5. The constant a0 of the Fourier series for the function f (x) = x in 0 ≤ x ≤ 2π is

v square value of f (x)vin a ≤ x ≤ b is

7. A function f (x) is periodic with period T, if

8. The sum of Fourier series of f (x) in 0 ≤ x ≤ 2π at x = 0 is

10. The one dimensional heat equation in steady state is

11. The suitable solution of ut = α2 uxx is

Part - B (5 × 4=20 Marks)

25. Find Z[2.3n + 5.(−2)n ].

27. Solve: p = 2qx

Part - C (5 × 12=60 Marks)

28. a. i. Find the general solution of x(z 2 − y 2 )p + y(x2 − z 2 )q = z(y 2 − x2 ).

Ans. See Q.No. 29. b., Page No. 8.

In transient state, the boundary conditions are

32. a. i. Find (A) Z(n2 ) (B) Z(nan ).

B.Tech. Degree Examination, November 2017

Part - A (20 × 1=20 Marks)

2. The complete solution of z = px + qy + p2 q 2

5. The constant a0 of the Fourier series for the function f (x) = x in 0 ≤ x ≤ 2π

6. The RMS value of f (x) = x in −1 ≤ x ≤ 1 is

7. If f (x) = x2 in (−π, π) then the value of bn is

8. Half range cosine series for f (x) in (0, π) is

9. The one dimensional wave equation is

11. One dimensional heat equation is used to find

12. The proper solution in steady state heat flow problem is

13. The Fourier transform of f (x) is

14. If F [f (x)] = F (s) then iax

15. F (f (x) ∗ g(x)) is

17. What is Z[(−2)n ]

Part - B (5 × 4=20 Marks)

21. Solve p tan x + q tan y = tan z.

Part - C (5 × 12=60 Marks)

28. a.i. Find the singular solution of z = px + qy + p2 q 2 .

x f (x) cos x sin x cos 2x sin 2x

15. F [eiax f (x)] is

13. If F [f (x)] = F (s) then F [f (ax)] =