Developing an Android Application for Smart Bus 2019

CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION

The transportation system serves as the heart in the economic and social development of the
country. In today’s world transportation system has a very vital role to play in day to day life.
Due to rapid increase in population, there is need for efficient public transportation system.
Because of population it keeps increased burden on public transportation like bus etc. Therefore
the smart system is necessary which provides real time information of bus to remote user. So we
proposed a new system which overcomes the drawback of public transportation system. So our
system handle all the data about current location of bus and by using this data the real time
tracking of bus can be done and this information is then given to remote user who wants to know
the real time bus information. The main advantage of city bus commuting is that it reduces the
overall pollution, reduces the traffic on road, also the problem of parking is solved to a certain
extent.

The real-time bus tracking system uses GPS (Global Positioning System) technology to fetch
data and displays the data using software allowing a user to monitor a particular bus on a
particular route. When this information is presented to the passenger by wireless media or online
web media, they can manage their time efficiently and reach the bus stop just before the bus
arrives, or take an alternate means of transport if the bus is delayed.
The real-time tracking of the bus can be done by our proposed system and this information is
then given to a remote user who wants to know the real-time bus information. The system
provides web-based application, which gives the real-time location of a bus on user interface
screen to the remote user. This will make transport system smooth and passenger friendly.

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CHAPTER 2

LITRETURE SURVEY

PAPER1:“Project Track My Bus Real time tracking of public buses using GSM
communication” 2014 Annual IEEE India Conference (INDICON)

This project aims at designing an access point which provides for a dynamic passenger
information system (PIS) available on public displays at bus stops and bus terminals. The access
point is microcontroller based and is designed using the Arduino Uno. In addition, an Android
device with a GPS transmitter app is placed in every bus which is to be tracked. The application
sends the GPS coordinates every 2 minutes to a GSM module which is placed at the bus stops.
The GSM module communicates the location information with the Arduino and the current
location of the bus is displayed on an LCD screen.

PAPER2:“Scalable Tracking System for Public Buses using IoT Technologies” 2017
International Conference on Emerging Trends & Innovation in ICT (ICEI)

Transportation is a major pain area for cities today. With the ever increasing load on public
transport systems, it is really necessary to increase efficiency in these systems. Due to extreme
traffic conditions, over-crowding and many other similar issues, public buses lack punctuality
and reliability. There is a dire need to tackle this issue. The required solution should not only
facilitate improvement in the services, but should also be a driving factor for increase in trust on
the public bus transport systems. Reliability in public transport will be facilitated when the
traveller accurately knows when a bus will arrive to the bus stop or when will the bus reach the
destination. The solution proposed in this paper harnesses the real time location of the buses to
calculate the estimated time for reaching a particular position. By saving location data on the
server along with corresponding timestamps, we can estimate the time for the bus to arrive as a
bus stop, or time to reach a destination, using services like Google maps. This paper presents a
simple and cost effective solution to make public transportation services ‘smart’. The paper will
present the concept, technology stack, components and the outcomes of implementing the

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solution. The primary goal of the proposed solution is to minimize the costs involved in
implementation and to create a backend that can scale up easily with increase in demand.

PAPER 3: “Design of Bus Tracking and Fuel Monitoring System” 2017 International
Conference on Communication, Control, Computing and Electronics Engineering
(ICCCCEE), Khartoum, Sudan.

The need for efficient public transportation system such as buses is rapidly increased due to the
increasing in population, the passengers need to know the accurate arrival time of the particular
bus to particular station and then plan their journey from their home .Fuel monitoring have been
the major problem that most of bus companies looking to solve. This paper developed a bus
tracking and monitoring the fuel and speed system to provide a facility for the management
requirements by the administrator. The proposed system based on Arduino, GSM/GPS and map
suit ASP.MVC which provide the actuated arrival time in addition to graphically showing the
bus location on Google map. The design also enables the owner of the buses to monitor the bus
instantaneously because the system administrator can easily maintained database information of
buses and its fuel tank at any time of the service

PAPER 4: ”GPS Supported City Bus Tracking and Smart Ticketing System” 2015
International Conference on Green Computing and Internet of Things (ICGCIoT).

Now-a-days increasing density of vehicles on road is becoming the problem for the traffic
control. Ultimately arising obstacle in the managing and tracking of the vehicle. Because of the
problem state, it is necessary for every organizations and individuals to track the vehicle. People
will monitor and track their vehicles for the safety concerns with the help of our Android app.
Public transport and private buses tracked to citizens with traffic and transportation details like
location, crowd, etc. The proposed system will be used for the positioning of the bus from
remote location. The Smart Card based ticketing module which swaps the card to the smart hand
held device for the transaction purpose. The smart ticketing device will also contain the dynamic
routes as per the bus depot. The smart device has enhanced with the GSM and GPS technology
and made available with required necessary configurations which makes it very efficient than
that of the existing system.

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CHAPTER 3

EXISTING SYSTEM

The public transportation is the main source of transportation for the people. It saves the
utilization of fuel and is also inexpensive. Many offices commuters, school going students,
university students use public transportation as the main source for going to their specific
destination. Currently, at present the public transport buses are tracked using GPRS i.e. General
packet radio service device. It is a wireless data service built on existing GSM network. GPRS
device works by allowing data to be stored in Packets. This data is then transmitted in an
efficient manner across the mobile networks.

A GPRS device has the capability to allow users to have mobile communication and also have
the internet connections. GPRS device track the location by fetching the relevant information
from nearby GSM cell station. The reason public transport should use GPRS device is that it is a
two-way communication between dispatcher and driver and the ability to track location
information and vital vehicles statistics. The time table declared by PMPML is on the official
website or the poster which is stickled on the Bus stop. The Website contains all the information
of PMPML buses which are travelling across the city. But the poster on Bus stops contains
information of buses which are going to pass by the specific bus stop. Sometimes the timetable
changes according to the requirement of people without giving any prior notice to the citizens.
The posters which are stickled on bus stops remain same all the time or maybe throughout the
year. Only timetable which is on the website is updated. So, many times it so happens that people
follow time table which is stickled on bus stops which leads in increasing waiting time. The
frequency of Bus’ which are set, are based on the requirement of the people.

The Survey was constructed manually by getting information about crowd or traffic from the bus
conductors, drivers and the ticket checker. At present the frequency is high in morning from 7am
to 11am and in evening from 5pm to 9pm and there is low frequency in early morning, afternoon
and in night after 9pm. And in case of Bus failure the conductor calls the depot manager and tells
them to send an alternative bus and till the alternative bus comes the conductor helps passengers
to get into the bus which is coming towards that direction.

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 Developing an Android Application for Smart Bus 2019

3.1 DISADVANTAGES

 Sometimes the official timetable changes according to the requirement of people without
giving any prior notice to the citizens.
 The posters which are stickled on bus stops remain same all the time. Only timetable
which is on the website is updated which leads in increasing waiting time.
 In case of Bus failure the conductor calls the depot manager and tells them to send an
alternative bus and till the alternative bus comes the conductor helps passengers to get
into the bus which is coming towards that direction

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3.1 PROBLEM STATEMENT

To design a web based application for the users who want real time information about the
estimated time of arrival (ETA) buses in the City. Use of centralized server to share the
calculated ETA to bus passenger through any convenient way.

In reality many people prefer to take their own vehicle instead of using public transport. The
main reason is that, there is no real time information about the Bus, location along the Bus route,
no prior information in case the bus is cancelled or delayed due to traffic. As a result the
commuter losses lots of time which can be put to better use. The number of busses running daily
is huge to keep track of all the busses are a big challenge before the bus authorities [3]. In the
daily operation of bus transport systems, mainly that of buses, the movement of vehicles is
affected by different uncertain conditions as the day progresses, such as:

 Traffic jam
 Unexpected delay
 Irregular vehicle arriving timing
 Some other incidents

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CHAPTER 5

THE PROPOSED SYSTEM

 We propose the bus tracking system on Android Application. It proposes the advance
and latest techniques for the existing system.

 We proposes a system to track public bus using GPS (Global Positioning System), tell the
count of number of passengers in bus and also the estimated time arrival to the user.

 The Location of Bus can be tracked by public using Android Application. The Android
application will also contain the details of all the bus like Bus number, Bus routes, Bus
Stops.

 It is an android application used to find out the Information about the city bus
information like time and bus route with location of bus and user will be get the bus
information.

 Each bus stop admin contain bus information panel to add bus information and bus
ticket price.

 Each bus driver contain application to update the location to server and user can track the
bus location according bus route.

 This project is based on the database in which we can store and retrieve all the
information regarding the bus and bus stops what all we require.
 Database is a structured format. So if we store in the database, we can retrieve that
particular information by giving a command directly. There is no process for installing
database for mobile-phone applications. Whenever the database is needed, then only the
database is created through coding. In this project there is a feasibility to change and
delete the data which is not required.

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CHAPTER 6
OBJECTIVES

The main objective of “City Bus Tracking” is to provide very flexible environment to the
mobile users. Now a days each and every person having android mobile and it is easy to carry so
that it is gaining the more popularity compared to the other electronic gadgets. In this
competitive world we have different types of mobiles and in these mobiles also we are having
different types of applications.

 To design and develop an efficient data information and enquiry system.

 To design a city bus tracking system with low installation and maintenance cost.

 To design a city bus tracking system which can work in areas where there is no wireless

connectivity such as 3G, Wi-Max.

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CHAPTER 7
SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS

8.1 HARDWARE REQUIREMENT:

CPU : Intel core i5 7th generation

HARD DISK : Atleast 100GB

RAM : 4GB

8.2 SOFTWARE REQUIREMENT:

Operating system : Windows 10

Front end Coding language: JAVA, XML

Back end Coding language : PHP, JSON

Database : MYSQL

Domain : Android. Studio

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CHAPTER 8
SYSTEM DESIGN

 ARCHITECTURE DIAGRAM

The proposed system provides the precise location of the bus. Bus pursuit technology is
advantageous for tracking and monitoring a bus. The proposed system consists of three vital
modules:-
1. Bus Stop Application(Web Application)
 Login
 Add Bus Details
 Route Information.
 Ticket Price
 Driver Information
 Feedback

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2. Driver Application(Android Application)

 Login
 Add Driver Information
 Start Location Update
 Stop Location
 Feedback

3. User Application(Android Application)

 Login
 Create New Account.
 Search Bus Details.
 Ticket Information.
 Bus Route Information.
 Route Information.
 Bus Location Information.
 Driver Information
 Feedback

In bus unit, a bus has GPS device attached to it that sends its coordinates i.e. longitude and
altitude after every fixed interval of time to the main server. To use GPS there are no
subscription fees or setup charges. To calculate the position, GPS receiver is capable of receiving
signals from at least three satellites.
Each bus has given one distinctive identification number. The server is the most significant
module during this system which acts as a central repository of the system. In this system, the
whole information is stored and maintained by the server. The server is the intermediate between
bus module and user module.

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The workflow of this system proceeds as follows. First, the GPS module which is fixated in the
bus starts sending data in the form of latitude and longitude which is stored in the computer
system. At the same time, a user can enter the source and destination of the bus number of which
it seeks the location. This search will result in the all the bus routes through which the bus will
travel. Alongside, the computer system will update the longitude and latitude of the required bus.
This search will then look up for the range of bus from the user to its current location. If the bus
is in range, the search also looks up for the in-between bus stops and the active buses in that
particular range. After this, it matches the bus location with the passenger’s source location and
calculates the time required for the active bus to reach the passenger location as shown in Fig. 2.
The GUI will display the bus location and the estimated time of arrival to the user. This process
follows a repetitive cycle for every search performed by the user.

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CONCLUSION

This Project has been implemented on Android platform. Also, different attributes have been
added to the project which will prove to be advantageous to the system. The requirements and
specifications have been listed above. Using the GPS system, the application will automatically
display the maps and routes to the different locations and also track the bus location using client-
server technology and forward it to the client device. It uses basic measurements of distance
between two locations and provides necessary details of each and every route for people to easily
pick up buses or any other conveyance possible on the specified route. Specific location details
are provided to the user.

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REFERENCES

[1] Dr. Padmaja K.V., Nayan Jeevagan, Pallavi Santosh, Priyank Mishra, Ronojoy Sinha
“Project Track My Bus Real time tracking of public buses using GSM communication” 2014
Annual IEEE India Conference (INDICON) .
[2] Jay Lohokare, Reshul Dani, Sumedh Sontakke, Asst. Prof. Rahul Adhao “Scalable Tracking
System for Public Buses using IoT Technologies” 2017 International Conference on Emerging
Trends & Innovation in ICT (ICEI)
[3] K Sujatha, K J Sruthi, P V Nageshswara Rao and A Arjuna Rao,“Design and Devlopment of
Android Mobile Based Bus Tracking System", ISBN - 978-1-47991740-2/15 2015 IEEE
[5] Leeza Singla and Dr. Parteek Bhatia, “GPS Based Bus Tracking System", International
Journal of Digital Content Technology and its Applications. Volume 5, Number 6, June 2011.
[[6] Safa Abdl elmonem, Murtada Mohamed Abdelwahab, Mohamed Abd Elrahman ALagab
“Design of Bus Tracking and Feul Monitoring System” 2017 International Conference on
Communication, Control, Computing and Electronics Engineering (ICCCCEE), Khartoum,
Sudan.
[7] Prof. Devidas S. Thosar, Rishikesh K. Zade, Onkar V. Babrekar, Priyanka R. Chaudhari “Bus
Tracking and Bus Failure Detection System Using GPS” International Research Journal of
Engineering and Technology(IRJET) Vol: 02 Issuse: 07
[8]Ajay Shingara, Ankita Pendole, Nikita Chaudhari, Parikshit Despande, Prof. Samadhan
Sonavane ”GPS Supported City Bus Tracking and Smart Ticketing System” 2015 International
Confe rence on Green Computing and Internet of Things (ICGCIoT)

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