REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES

SAINT THOMAS AQUINAS COLLEGE

SOGOD, SOUTHERN, LEYTE

MID-TERM EXAMINATION IN ETHICS

NAME: ______________________________ DATE: ________________ SCORE: ________

Direction. Read and analyze each question carefully. Encircle the letter of the best
answer.

1. Aquinas argues that every agent acts for the sake of:
a. pleasure. b. self-interest. c. pleasing God. d. an end.
2. In Aquinas’s view, man’s ultimate happiness consists in:
a. pleasure. b. acts of the moral virtues. c. loving God. d. contemplating God.
3. Aquinas argues that the end of every action is:
a. some desire. b. some pleasure. c. some good. d. some emotional state.
4. Aquinas holds that the last end of man is:
a. pleasure. b. happiness or beatitude.
c. the satisfaction of desire. d. freedom from anxiety.
5. In Aquinas’s view, acts of prudence are solely about matters of:
a. pleasure. b. desire. c. moral virtue. d. piety.
6. Aquinas claim that all human operations appear to serve:
a. those in power. b. those of high status.
c. those who contemplate the truth. d. those who act wickedly.
7. Augustine claims that all created things are:
a. eternally and unchangeably good. b. good when taken together, but not good separately.
c. good, even taken separately. d. none of the above.
8. Augustine identifies evil with:
a. the influence of the devil. b. the absence of good.
c. a unique force, opposed to goodness. d. pain.
9. Augustine claims that there can be no evil where there is no:
a. hatred. b. greed. c. love. d. good.
10. Augustine claims that to be happy, one must know:
a. the causes of natural occurrences. b. the causes of good and evil.
c. both a and b. d. neither a nor b.
11. In Augustine’s view, lying is:
a. often permissible if done for the right reasons.
b. not evil in itself, although it can have bad consequences.
c. permissible only in very rare circumstances.
d. never permissible.
12. Augustine holds that we can never err:
a. in any circumstances whatsoever. b. except through ignorance.
 c. except through wickedness. d. except through temptation.
13. Augustine claims that to save another person from injury, it is permissible to:
a. lie. b. steal. c. both a and b. d. neither a nor. b.
14. According to Kant, laws of nature are laws according to which __________, and laws of freedom are laws
according to which __________.
a. everything will happen; everything will happen
b. everything will happen; everything ought to happen
c. everything ought to happen; everything will happen
d. everything ought to happen; everything ought to happen
15. According to Kant, moral laws are:
a. necessary and apply to all rational beings. b. contingent and apply only to human beings.
c. culturally relative. d. grounded in God’s commands.
16. According to Kant, the moral worth of an action depends on:
a. the moral character of the agent who performs it. b. the consequences of the action.
c. the maxim that is acted on. d. all of the above.
17. Kant claims that the natural purpose of reason is to:
a. produce happiness. b. produce pleasure. c. produce knowledge. d. produce a good will.
18. According to Kant, morality requires us to:
a. perform the action that leads to the greatest total happiness.
b. act only on maxims that we can will to become universal laws.
c. behave only in such a way as a perfectly virtuous person would behave.
d. place the interests of others above the interests of ourselves.
19. According to Kant, the supreme principle of morality is:
a. analytic and a priori. b. analytic and a posteriori.
c. synthetic and a priori. d. synthetic and a posteriori.
20. Kant claims that the moral law is given to each person by:
a. society. b. one’s own will. c. God. d. Nature.
21. According to Kant, the basis of morality is the concept of:
a. charity. b. fairness. c. piety. d. freedom.
22. Augustine claims that goodness cannot exist without evil.
a. True b. False
23. Augustine claims that there are some points on which ignorance is better than knowledge.
a. True b. False
24. Augustine claims that it is better to say something false while believing it to be true than to say something
true while believing it to be false.
a. True b. False
25. Augustine claims that it is permissible to lie to save another person from injury.
a. True b. False
26. Augustine asserts that God is the source of all goodness.
a. True b. False
27. In Aquinas’s view, some human actions do not aim at any end.
a. True b. False
28. According to Aquinas, the more one knows, the greater one’s desire to know.
a. True b. False
29. According to Aquinas, human happiness consists in an act of the will.
a. True b. False
30. In Aquinas’s view, human happiness is seated in the senses.
a. True b. False
31. According to Kant, pure moral philosophy is partly empirical.
a. True b. False
32. Kant argues that there is a single supreme principle of morality.
a. True b. False
33. Kant claims that moral obligations are hypothetical imperatives.
a. True b. False
34. According to Kant, whether an act is morally right depends on the consequences of the act.
a. True b. False
35. According to Kant, that we have freedom of the will can be demonstrated by experience.
a. True b. False
36. According to Aristotle, we should begin ethical inquiry by specifying:
a. which things are intrinsically valuable.
b. the aim of human life.
c. what our fundamental duties are.
d. what constraints on behavior it would be reasonable to agree to.
37. Aristotle states that if we ask what the highest good of human action is:
a. there is no agreement about the answer. b. most people agree that it is pleasure.
c. nearly everyone agrees that it is happiness. d. there is no objective answer to this question.
38. According to Aristotle, happiness is:
a. a state of mind. b. a feeling or sensation.
c. a craft. d. activity of the soul in accordance with virtue.
39. In Aristotle’s view, the virtues are:
a. acquired through habit. b. acquired through philosophical reflection.
c. a gift from the gods. d. innate.
40. Aristotle divides the virtues into:
a. natural virtues and artificial virtues. b. moral virtues and intellectual virtues.
c. positive virtues and negative virtues. d. human virtues and divine virtues.
41. Aristotle claims that:
a. virtue is in our power, and so is vice. b. virtue is in our power, but vice is not.
c. vice is in our power, but virtue is not. d. neither virtue nor vice is in our power.
42. According to Kant, what is the main problem with the golden rule?
a. It makes morality depend on a person's desires.
b. It makes morality depend solely on the consequences of one's actions.
c. It fails to give us any guidance whatsoever.
d. It allows lying, which is never permissible.
43. What does Kant mean by a maxim?
 a. A bit of folksy wisdom. b. An objective moral law.
c. A misleading moral command. d. A principle of action that one gives to oneself.
44. What is the fundamental principle of morality, according to Kant?
a. Never lie.
b. Do unto others as you would have them do unto you.
c. Act only on maxims that are universalizable.
d. Always maximize happiness.
45. What did Kant believe is the relationship between rationality and morality?
a. Morality and rationality are fundamentally opposed.
b. Rationality requires us to be moral.
c. Morality and rationality are completely independent.
d. Rationality might sometimes require immorality but not often.
46. What is a categorical imperative, according to Kant?
a. A command of reason that depends on our desires.
b. A command of reason that does not depend on our desires.
c. A principle of action that one gives to oneself.
d. A principle of action that one gives to others.
47. When did Kant believe that it is permissible to lie?
a. Whenever doing so brings about more good than harm.
b. Whenever doing so is necessary to avoid a catastrophe.
c. Whenever the subject matter is insignificant.
d. Never.
48. According to the text, what is wrong with the principle of universalizability?
a. It fails to explain what's wrong with lying.
b. It permits the actions of principled fanatics.
c. It falsely claims that the central moral virtue is benevolence.
d. It makes the morality of actions solely a matter of their consequences.
49. What makes someone a good person, according to the natural law theory?
a. Obeying the laws of the land. b. Obeying God's commands.
c. Fulfilling his or her true nature. d. Doing whatever maximizes happiness.
50. Which of the following is natural law theory thought to explain?
a. The objectivity of morality. b. The origins of morality.
c. The possibility of moral knowledge. d. All of the above.

Prepared by: Checked by: Approved:

ALLAN BASUGA EDITA CANABE, MAED ADELINA V. CABARDO, ED. D

Instructor Subject Coordinator College Dean