SOUND DETECTOR

Project Report submitted for

ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC MEASUREMENT

(EET 3001)

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Abstract
Sometimes due to lack of concentration and our ignorance, we are unable to
hear anything around us. And, that could lead to misfortunes which could have
been avoided with appropriate precautions. This circuit called "sound detector"
is what detects vibrations of the sound waves and amplifies it to be heard
distinctly by human ears. As per design of the scanner, it works efficiently
within the 6meters limit around the vicinity where it is fixed. This setup can be
done at any desirable places like car porches and at the corner of house. As soon
as a microphone incorporated in this circuit detects sound wave vibration, the
sound detector circuit using Op-Amp 741 produces beep sounds to alert people
around that area. The analysis of the circuit was done as a comparator and the
based on this the design was finalized. The design is still being in a prototype
form on breadboard.

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Contents

Serial Chapter Title of the Chapter Page No.

No. No.

1. 1 Introduction 5

2. 2 Problem Statement 6

3. 3 Methodology 7

4. 4 Validation 8

5. 5 Implementation 9

6. 6 Results and interpretation 10

7. 7 Conclusion 11

8. References 12

9. Appendices 13

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1. Introduction
Security is the most important area of any civilization. When technology mixed
up with our daily life and makes our life easier, a need arises to involve the
technology for security purpose. In this digital era, everything tends to
electronics security system is more reliable than electro-mechanical system. In
this project our mission is to design such a system which enables a LED or an
alarm when any sound (especially human voice) is detected by sound detection
technique we use a voice condenser as a receiver of voice signal (human voice)
and an op-Amp for amplification purpose. The Op-Amp is the brain of the
system because the comparator configuration of the Op-Amp is mainly
responsible for activation of LED or alarm. The system requires microphone
stage, a filter, amplification stage, and a predefine resistance capacitance
arrangement. The reference voltage of the comparator is the most important
parameter of the system.

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2. Problem Statement
We have to design a circuit that detects sound vibrations using LED and buzzer
with the help of op-amp LM741.
The entire circuit is complex. The block diagram makes the circuit easy to
understand. The function of each block discussed below:-

1. Microphone takes the voice signal as input.

2. HPF is used for noise reduction purpose.
3. Amplifier amplifies the signal 100 times.
4. Peak detector holds the signal for a few mille second.
5. Comparator compares the signal voltage with a fixed reference voltage.
6. Comparator output activates the Led/Alarm

VOICE SIGNAL

MICROPHONE HPF

COMPARATOR AMPLIFIER

LED ON ALARM

Figure: Block Diagram for sound Detector using 741 Op' Amp

Constraints
l. Electrets microphone inserts are low cost, but only produce a very small
signal which requires amplification.
2. The background noise level can vary considerably, and so some form of
calibration is required.

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3. Methodology
The circuit diagram of sound detector circuit using op-amp 741. The heart of the
circuit is Op-Amp 741which is used to order to sense the variation of sound
waves condenser microphones. The sensitivity of the condenser microphone is
adjusted by the value of resistor used in the circuit. Once the microphone
detects the sound vibration, it peaks them up and converts into electrical signal.
The output of the microphone is fed as input to the pin2 for lC1 via coupling
capacitor C1. Then the signal undergoes amplification and it is forwarded to
(lC741C) which in this project serves as a comparator device.
The non-Inverting pin3 of lC2 receives input from amplified output signal of
ICL through another capacitor C2. In the same way, an inverting pin lC2 fetches
input signal from a reference voltage VR2.
At the final stage, lC2 output is fed as triggering input pulse to transistors TL
and T2. A buzzer and led which is connected at end of transistor T2 i.e. at the
emitter terminal of the component responsible to produce beeping sound at the
end of the operation followed throughout the entire circuit.

APPLICATIONS:
l. This can be used as security system for home/office.
2. The system can be used as a spy circuit i.e. voice recorder.
3. The system can be used as a clapping switch.

ADVANTAGE:
l. Security system for our house office or store.
2. Statistics on barking dogs.
3. Automate notification upon detection of sound.
4. Used as a door bell.
5. As a spy purpose.
6. As a source to overcome the cheating in exams.

DISADVANTAGE:
l. Electrets microphone inserts are low cost, but only produce a very small
signal which requires amplification.
2. The background noise level can vary considerably, and so some form of
calibration is required.

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4. Validation

Fig1. Software Implementation of sound detector

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4. Implementation

Fig2. Circuit Diagram of sound detector

Fig3. Hardware Implementation of sound detector

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5. Results & Interpretation

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6. Conclusion
In this project we got lots of concept regarding the sound detector which
provides sound detecting process, this can be used as our modern electronic
security system, doorbells, at our homes or offices. This circuit are also similar
as cellphone detector, metal detector etc. we got lots of concept over op-amps
and when treating op-amp as a comparator. We got how gain is produce
amplification and how the reference voltage changes the intensity of output is
affected.

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References
l. Principle of electronics- V.K Mehta and M. K. Mehta.
2. Electronic device and circuit- Anil k. Maini and Varsha Agarwal.
3. Semiconductor physics and devices- S.S Islam.
4. Electronics fundamentals and applications- D. Chatopadhyay, P.C. Rakshit.

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Appendices

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