Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
Introduction
The Philippines is one of the most severely deforested countries in the tropics and
most deforestation has happened in the last 40 years. Estimates place forest cover in the
Philippines in the year 1900 at 21 million hectares, covering 70 % of the total land area.
By 1999, forests covered 5.5 million hectares; only 800,000 hectares of this was primary
forest. As illegal logging continues, the remaining forest is endangered.
The country is paying a high price for the destruction of its forests and a number
of major problems confronting the nation can be traced directly to deforestation. Today,
the country faces food insecurity due to soil erosion, which means depleted nutrients and
low crop yield. In many provinces, at least 50% of the topsoil has been lost, and 70% of
all croplands are vulnerable to erosion. The country’s climatic conditions are such that
typhoons sweep the country an average of 19 times a year. The topography is mainly
uplands with a slope equal to or greater than 18% and these areas make up 52% of total
land area. In the absence of forest cover and with frequent heavy typhoon rains, soil
erosion, mass wasting, and landslides are induced.
Forest has been defined in many ways is a reflection of the diversity of forests and
forest ecosystems in the world and of the diversity of human approaches to forests. It is
used to refer to land with a tree canopy cover of more than 10 percent and area of more
than 0.5 ha. Forests are determined both by the presence of trees and the absence of
other predominant land uses. The trees should be able to reach a minimum height of 5
m. Young stands that have not yet but are expected to reach a crown density of 10 percent
and tree height of 5 m are included under forest, as are temporarily unstacked areas. The
term includes forests used for purposes of production, protection, multiple-use or
conservation (i.e. forest in national parks, nature reserves and other protected areas), as
well as forest stands on agricultural lands (e.g. windbreaks and shelterbelts of trees with
a width of more than 20 m), and rubber wood plantations and cork oak stands. The term
specifically excludes stands of trees established primarily for agricultural production, for
example fruit tree plantations. It also excludes trees planted in agroforestry systems.
On the other hand, a park is an area of natural, semi-natural or planted space set
aside for human enjoyment and recreation or for the protection of wildlife or natural
habitats. parks can be vast natural areas of hundreds of thousands of square kilometers
(or square miles), with abundant wildlife and natural features such as mountains and
rivers. Park design is influenced by the intended purpose and audience, as well as by the
available land features.
Forest parks are an area of a forest that has been made into a park for the public
to enjoy. It is a recreational reserve which may include bush and exotic trees Like
national parks, forest parks are usually large areas of attractive country with marked paths
and special areas for camping.
The Cavite province has two mountain ranges. Cavite is divided into four
physiographical areas, namely: the lowest lowland area, lowland area, the central hilly
area and the upland mountainous area.
A mountain is a large landform that rises above the surrounding land in a limited
area, usually in the form of a peak. A mountain is generally steeper than a hill. Mountains
are formed through tectonic forces or volcanism. These forces can locally raise the
surface of the earth. Mountains erode slowly through the action of rivers, weather
conditions, and glaciers. A few mountains are isolated summits, but most occur in huge
mountain ranges. High elevations on mountains produce colder climates than at sea level.
These colder climates strongly affect the ecosystems of mountains: different elevations
have different plants and animals. Because of the less hospitable terrain and climate,
mountains tend to be used less for agriculture and more for resource extraction and
recreation, such as mountain climbing.
Based on our research, there are 1,000,809 mountains in the world. This the latest
number straight from the Peak Visor lab which counts all the mountains which have
names and enjoy over 1-meter prominence. (Updated: August 25, 2018). The highest
mountain on Earth is Mount Everest in the Himalayas of Asia, whose summit is 8,850 m
(29,035 ft.) above mean sea level. The highest known mountain on any planet in the Solar
System is Olympus Mons on Mars at 21,171 m (69,459 ft). And the shortest mountain in
the world is Mount Wycheproofthe world's smallest registered mountain. Located in
Australia's Terrick Terrick Range, Mount Wycheproof stands 486 ft. (148 meters to the
rest of the world) above sea level, which is not bad as far as small mountains go.
Mountains play a significant role in providing water and food supply to the millions
of people in the world. Mountains cover around 22 percent of the surface of the earth and
13 percent of the world’s population live in the mountains. Ninety percent of the world’s
mountain inhabitants live in developing countries, where a huge population live under the
poverty line, and one out of every three individuals experiences the danger of food
insecurity. Mountains offer 60-80 percent of the world’s freshwater. According to UNO,
almost one billion people live in mountain areas, and over half of the human population
depends on mountains for water and nutrition. Mountains are facing risk from climate
change and natural calamities. Mountains face climate change as the global temperature
continues to warm which disturbs starving and poorest people of the world who live in the
mountains. Due to the increasing temperature, glaciers on the mountains start melting
which brings floods in the world. Currently, 329 million people living in the mountains face
food scarcity.
Mountains are one of the beautiful god's created on earth that's why too many
people really love hiking. Hiking is walking in nature as a recreational activity. Especially
among those with sedentary occupations, hiking is a natural exercise that promotes
physical fitness, is economical and convenient, and requires no special equipment.
Because hikers can walk as far as they want, there is no physical strain unless they walk
among hills or mountains. Hiking is not just all about exercise or for your help maybe you
should learn and appreciate how so beautiful or important our nature. That's why we need
to love and protect with care our mountains.
Here in Philippines our home, we have 35 mountains. The Philippines has been
blessed with majestic mountains that leave visitors in awe. Whether you’re a novice or a
seasoned mountaineer, there’s a summit waiting to be reached. Unfortunately, not
everyone is responsible for his/her actions. The sad reality is that some people just don’t
care, or are perhaps unaware of the consequences of their actions. There was a several
mountains have been getting destroy by tourists, for example A concerned citizen, Gela
Petines posted on her Facebook page with the title, “I’m sorry Batulao.” The photos show
how one of our country’s beautiful mountains is slowly being destroyed by tourists and
fellow Filipinos who treat it like nothing more than a rotten piece of land and a giant
wasteland. This may not seem like much yet, but if we continue doing things like these,
we’ll soon have no whiter sands and green mountains to show off to the world. How sad
that our beautiful mountains are slowly getting destroyed not just Mt. Batualo, many
mountains here in the Philippines are getting changes, you’ll going to see too many
garbage, the beautiful rocks are getting destroyed by vandalisms, those mountains
destroyed by mining company. And that’s reality.
The main purpose of this case study is to open your eyes and to show you how so
beautiful our nature, The Earth is the only planet man can ever call home. Therefore, we
must love and take care of it. This is the place where plants and animals thrive, its
atmosphere and its terrain providing what man needs in order to live. We want you
experience what we saw how so beautiful and important our nature.
This case study is conducted in order for the people to know the importance and
how to conserve and protect the natural environment most specifically the forest park.
The people and the community should always be well informed about the needs and the
current situations of the environment because we are the one who will be affected by it.
PICNIC GROVE
In 1956 to 1964 during the presidencies of Carlos P. Garcia and Diosdado
Macapagal, Tagaytay seek to promote a new image as the top tourist city. The 13
hectares Picnic Grove was built but was soon abandoned. Between the period of 1970 to
1975 moneyed families in Manila started to build their weekend residences along the
ridge. Picnic Grove was cleaned –up and refurbished. On December 22, 1980 the City
Government through the management of Picnic Grove to the National Government
through the Department of Tourism’s and HSDC/SICOR/PTA. Last 23 December 2005,
after twenty-five (25) years of managing the Picnic Grove the department of Tourism
turned over the management back to the City Government of Tagaytay.
The facility is located at Brgy. Sungay East, Tagaytay City. The area is about 13
hectares which is divided into red, blue, orange, yellow and view deck areas. Red area is
adjacent to an open field, while blue is the area connecting to the adventure Eco –Trail.
The trail is approximately 390 m long or about 15 minutes walking from the view deck to
blue are.
MT. MARAMI
Mt. Marami is called Mt. Marami because the rock pillars feature was once called
as Nagbuo by the locals. And as soon as mountaineers frequented the area, it was called
Marami as referencing to its feature having multiple rocky pillars. The name of the
mountain, Mt. Marami, is derived from the Filipino word "marami" which means "many,"
which would most likely refer to the many rock formations that make up this truly unique
mountain. The name 'Marami' is of local origin, and is attributed to the 'many rocks' that
formed it. Subconsciously, this choice of name is profound, considering the sedimentary
nature of the rocks found in Marami. Indeed, in recent geologic past, Mt. Marami below
sea level. Silyang Bato, for its part, has a more modern etymology; according to the locals
its original name is 'Nagbuo', and was christened with its present name by the earlier
mountaineers.
Mt. Marami is a nice place to visit, although it's trail seems like a maze as branches
are present and confusion is very prone and trail guide will be necessary unless you have
mastered its trail. If Pico de Loro were a blockbuster movie, its sequel would be Mt.
Marami, set in the same location and sharing the same characteristics. Matching Pico de
Loro's rocky tower are two grand structures, surging up from the slopes: the summit of
Mt. Marami, a massive, monumental composite of rocky pillars; and its guardian, the
smaller Silyang Bato.
The open trail of the mountain will lead you to experience the “Silyang Bato” which
can be found on the summit. Mt. Marami has Silyang Bato, a gigantic composite of rock
pillars that offers a spectacular 360° view of Cavite. Mt. Marami is more challenging than
you’ll expect. Mt. Marami, a 3-hour drive from Manila and 1-hour to 2-hour drive depends
on traffic from Dasmariñas City Province of Cavite is the definitely a must-try mountain
for intermediate/beginner hikers. If you want to experience adventure, you have to call or
text the tour guides for you to explain their rates and best time to hike in Mt.Marami.
1. What is the current situation of the Picnic Grove and Mt. Marami, is it continuously
improving or is it downgrading?
2. What is the importance of forest parks like Picnic Grove and mountains like Mt. Marami
in a country or in a certain place?
3. Why do people need to give attention to the current condition of the forest park and
mountains?
4. What can the community do to improve or maintain the natural beauty of the forest park
and highlands?
5. Are the people should be the one to be blamed for the downgrading or improvement of
a forest park or a foothill?
The objective of the paper is to inform the people about the current situation of the
Picnic Grove and Mt. Marami is today compared to the past years. Through the means of
this case study, the researchers are able to know and personally see and experience the
mood of the said environment. In addition, the main purpose is to see what kind of
environment are we having at the moment. In this generation, people nowadays,
especially the youth, almost forget how we must treat and take good care of our nature.
The goal of this case study is to know how we should protect and treasure our
surroundings. We must take care of it, as we are experiencing today, trees are being cut
down because of the construction of infrastructures and buildings and it has a big impact
to us. Also it is for us to see how forests can light up out our lives, what forests can do to
make our world better and worth to live for. Without trees we can't live. Trees are one of
the most important living that makes up the world. It can help a lot with our lives and with
our daily living. We all have to wake up with the reality that humans are being cruel to our
surroundings, intentional or unintentional for different reasons. Our minds should be
provided with enough and factual knowledge when it comes to how forests can affect our
life in order for us to make the right decision or make the fastest action for the betterment
and long living of our natural environment like the Picnic Grove and Mt. Marami.
PICNIC GROVE
Tagaytay city in Cavite is the perfect place for leisure activities such as picnic, horseback
riding, sightseeing and just to hangout. It is a favorite go-to place among tourist for quick
whiff or refreshing air. Picnic Grove is one of a relaxing and safe haven where one can
relax, unwind and be one with nature. Enjoying the cold weather and viewing the splendid,
panoramic view of Taal Volcano/Lake are better done at the Picnic Grove, one of the
popular tourist destinations in Tagaytay City. With its built-in cottages and greenish, hilly
surroundings, this recreational area is just perfect for picnic lovers as well as family
gatherings and bonding of friends. Picnic Grove, on the other hand, is not all about
picnics. It even offers a lot of exciting activities to make the day more fun and productive
and makes one’s visit worth-it. Everyone can enjoy the horseback riding, cable car, Eco-
trail and zipline. And here some of activities and facilities in Picnic Grove that you can
see.
MT. MARAMI
Mt. Marami is often compared to Mt. Pico de Loro because both have enormous rocks
and massive composite of pillars and towers. The open trail of the mountain will lead you
to experience the “Silyang Bato” which can be found on the summit. Mt. Marami has
Silyang Bato, a gigantic composite of rock pillars that offers a spectacular 360° view of
Cavite. In Mt. Marami you will see the following:
PICNIC GROVE
There is a lack of signage around the park. Signage in the form of maps and
descriptive text should be seen everywhere because it promotes a greater safety
because people feel safer when they know where they are and how to get to where
they want to go.
There are cracked sidewalks and it can be risky to walk on it.
Some parts of the bridge are broken.
The area does not provide adequate fire prevention and protection, there are no
seen fire extinguishers inside the park.
They do not have warning equipment and the first aid station is not visible.
They do not have a blocking for children’s unsupervised access to water features,
etc.
The facilities designs are not as beautiful and exciting unlike before.
There is a payment for parking lots and rest rooms.
Some of the road do not have a wall to prevent from falling.
The trees are slowly gone because it is visible that they are cutting down the trees.
MT. MARAMI
• Thick mud-covered trails which makes it hard for the hikers to climb.
• The rivers are no longer clean water and it is dry.
• The falls no longer produce water.
• There are a lot of mosquitos.
• The store sells overpriced products.
• Some hikers leave their trashes everywhere such as cans, plastics and cigarettes.
• There are lots of accessible cliff without cover or signage.
• Lack of signage
• Some parts of the mountain are already bare.
• Some trees are cut down.
VII. Recommendation
PICNIC GROVE
The said forests park should put more visible signage to prevent accidents.
They should fix the broken parts of every bridges and sidewalks as soon as
possible to prevent the chances of unexpected accidents.
They should be able to provide visible and adequate fire prevention and protection.
A part of it is the putting of fire extinguishers in every cottages and areas of the
said forest park.
As the researchers observed, the first aid station is not visible around the area.
They should transfer it to the more visible area such as near the entrance or near
the front office.
They should provide blocking and handles on the stairs not just for children but
also for adults. There should also be a sidewalk for the PWD for them to be able
to roam around the forest park.
They should redesign the forest park such as updating, reconstruction and
repainting of facilities so that more tourist will visit the park and also for the safety
of the visitors.
The entrance fee should include the parking fee and rest room fee so that the other
fees will not serve as a hidden fee but a part of the actual fee.
They should plant more trees and plants. They should also make sure the safety
of the animals in the zoo. They should be well taken care of since they get them
out from their natural environment.
There should also be an option that they can have at least one tour guide who
knows the basic first aid and emergency response with the knowledge to explain
different facilities and places on the park to make it more safe and interesting.
MT. MARAMI
The researchers recommend that the following endorsements should be given enough
notice to make the mountain better. Below are the proposed and following
recommendations of the researchers:
• There should be sand bags in the parts where there are thick mud covered trails
to help hikers climb easier and less disturbance.
• They should give focus and find a way to make the falls produce its water again.
• The rivers should be cleaned so that the water can be used.
• The store should not sell over priced products and there should be more stores
around for the trekkers.
• There should be an orientation for the hikers for the rules and regulations and for
them not to leave their trashes everywhere.
• There should be signage everywhere and caution for hikers to avoid the cliffs.
• They should plant more trees so that the trees that are cut down are trade.
VIII. Conclusion
Forest parks do not just serve as a means of recreation for us human, but it also
serves a saving grace for us humans that there is still a chance for us to survive if we take
good care of it because forest park includes trees, water and animals that can sustain us
for living. Creation and reconstructions of forest parks should be given more focus
because it can be a stepping stone for us to know what we really need and what is the
help of forest parks in the world.
From last several decades, we humans have been degrading our mother earth &
its resources for different reasons. On the name of increasing our standards of living
unknowingly we are on the way of hampering it further. Nature including the forest parks
has an amazing quality of reviving itself against changes made in itself by natural and
manmade factors, but there it has a saturation level too and maybe we have already
crossed that. We have degraded it beyond repair. We have accounted to enough
deforestation to imbalance the required ratio of carbon dioxide; we have impregnated the
water resources with hazardous wastes enough that it cannot purify it further on its own.
Soil has been degraded until the level it loses its cultivability. Considering the damage to
the environment caused by human activities, it becomes imperative to take steps for its
protection. Environment is essential for the survival of flora and fauna visible in the forest
park and also, to maintain favorable ecological balance its serenity must be preserved.
Continuous damage to it on the behest of man’s quest for progress is an issue that
concerns the very existence of our future generations. The very essential oxygen that we
need to live is provided to us by the environment; the water that we drink; the fruits, the
crops, trees, flowers, streams etc. are also provided only by the environment.
Today we’ve come so far that it is no more a question of better living but it is just
about living now. How ignorant can we afford to be when it is the question of our survival?
Problems are beyond the count and a perfect solution yet to be found. We have gone too
far and it is already too late. If we don’t start working now, we won’t have tomorrow to
repent. It is no more a matter of protecting forest parks, but it’s about protecting us from
getting into danger any further. It is the time to make amends with the nature so that it
can grant us few more centuries of human existence in our home, Earth.
Mountain environments cover some 27% of the world’s land surface, and directly
support the 22% of the world’s people who live within mountain regions. Lowland people
also depend on mountain environments for a wide range of goods and services, including
water, energy, timber, biodiversity maintenance, and opportunities for recreation and
spiritual renewal. Mountains provide for the freshwater needs of more than half of
humanity, and are, in effect, the water towers of the world.
Mountains are crucial to life. Whether you live at sea-level or higher elevations, we
are connected to mountains more than you could imagine. They not only provide
freshwater, but harbor a variety of flora and fauna and are home to one in 10 people.
However, degradation, climate change, mining, crime and poverty all sadly
threaten the intricate balanced web of life that mountains support. Mountains do matter
because they are the water towers of the world – sources of freshwater and breadbaskets
for the lowlands. They cover approximately one-quarter of the world’s land surface,
housing a rich biodiversity of life in a magnitude of sizes, shapes and forms. They play an
important role in influencing global and regional climates and weather conditions. And
most specially, mountains offer a playground for nature-lovers. Areas to hike, walk, bird-
watch, explore, botanize, picnic, exercise, learn, reboot your energy levels, relax or
just escape from the city.
Everyone needs to be actively taking steps to ensure that we are doing what we
can to maintain and preserve precious mountain environments. Taking care of the world
is the duty of every human being. Our planet is our home and we should take care of it
as if it were our own child. You have worked very hard and learnt a lot about how our
attitudes and habits can impact our environment in a negative way. You also learnt how
we can change our attitudes in order to stop or diminish the world’s degradation and
destruction. Now it’s your job to spread the word and let everyone know how important
and vital it is to take care of Mother Nature. Environment is basically the surroundings of
life. These surroundings include living and non-living things which make up of natural and
built environments. Natural environment is composed of things which exist naturally
whereas built environment is one that man has made. However, environmental
conversation is a practice of protecting the environment, an individual, organizational or
governmental level.
Protecting our forest parks is a part of protecting our environment, it is a moral duty
of every human being on this planet, rather it’s not only protecting it indirectly it is about
protecting ourselves from major loss. Damaging the environment is like cutting your own
nerve or slitting your own throat; however, slow you go, nevertheless, the damage gets
irreparable the deeper you cut.
IX. Documentation
CASE STUDY
FOREST PARK: PICNIC GROVE
Corpuz, Carol D.
Nicol, Angelica
Trinidad, Quelvin A.
Ebron, Guadalupe
HTRM 2-1