Ma, Ljohn Denny G.

Student/Team Makiramdam, Jana Nez C.

Group Patiag, Ma. Patricia Louise B.
Saulo, Marc Raven DJ.
Retrofitting Design of the Department of Agrarian Reform (DAR) Database
Project Title
Center Building in Diliman, Quezon City
Program Concentration Area Structural, Construction,
Constraints
The budget of a project is a constant issue in every construction project.
Designers are always restricted to the budget provided by the client to solve
Economic a particular problem. Even in the field of retrofitting where the budget is
usually based on the client and therefore the designers must be able to come
up with a retrofitting solution that are not only effective but also economic.
The designers desire the existing structure to have a prolonged life after it
has been retrofitted. It is therefore one of the constraint of the building that
Sustainability the designers must address. The trade-offs must thereby be sustainable in
which the designers will not only focus on strengthening the structure but
also plan to extend its life.
The safety of the structure is always considered as one of the key factors in
designing. This, however, constricts the designers to evaluate their trade-offs
in such a way that it provides the largest increase in strength for the building.
It is therefore important for the designers to use solutions that give the best
Structural Safety results in terms of safety from unexpected calamities such as earthquakes. So
in order for the designers to decrease the risk of adding lateral force to the
structure, they will have to take into account the weight of the retrofitting
techniques being used in order for it to not add to the base shear of the
structure.
The duration of the project plays a vital part in the decision making of the
trade-offs. A longer duration in retrofitting the structure would also mean
Constructability more cost since it also delays the work of the department ergo time is related
to the constraint mentioned earlier. It is therefore significant for the project
to be retrofitted hastily.
Tradeoffs
CFRP is a strong tensile fabric primarily used in other fields such as
aerospace and automotive but today it is an innovative
retrofitting/strengthening solution to existing buildings. These fabrics are
Carbon Fiber Reinforced applied externally on the structural elements/members of buildings, bridges
Polymer (CFRP) and other structures. The outcome is an externally bonded FRP reinforcement
system engineered to increase the structural performance. The material
delivers outstanding long-term physical use and mechanical properties since
these materials do not easily decay when bonded properly.
Steel jacketing is a retrofitting technique that involves using steel plates as
covers for the reinforced concrete beams and columns. The technique has
Steel Jacketing
existed long ago but it is still use as of now because of its effectiveness in
strengthening the structural element and improving its ductility. Since steel
 is a very strong material that also has a high strength to weight ratio, it is
therefore considered as one of the retrofitting techniques considered by the
designers.
Concrete jacketing is one of the earliest methods in Retrofitting structures.
Simply put, it is merely increasing the dimension of a Reinforced Concrete
Reinforced Concrete
beam or column in order to increase the ductility, shear and load capacity of
Jacketing
the member. It is cheaper compared to steel jacketing and FRP systems and
easy to install.
Standards
1. National structural code Frame design: NSCP Section 208.4.6.2
of the Philippines Seismic loads: NSCP Section 208
(NSCP) Wind loads: NSCP Section 207
Gravity loads: NSCP Section 205
Live loads: NSCP Section 205
Dead loads: NSCP Section 205
Room Classification: NSCP Section 205
Materials:
Fy of steel:
F’c of concrete: NSCP 2001 Section 405
Strength reduction factor: NSCP Section 409.4.2
RSB: PNS 49/ASTM 615
Column: NSCP Section 407 and 410)
Beam
Slab: NSCP Section 409
Foundation: NSCP Section 415
Existing Structure: NSCP 108
2. American Concrete This document offers general information on the history and use of FRP
Institute 440.2R-08 strengthening systems; a description of the unique material properties of
Guide for the Design and FRP; and committee recommendations on the engineering, construction, and
Construction of inspection of FRP systems used to strengthen concrete structures. The
Externally Bonded FRP proposed guidelines are based on the knowledge gained from experimental
Systems for research, analytical work, and field applications of FRP systems used to
Strengthening Concrete strengthen concrete structures.
Structures (ACI 440.2R-
08)
3. IS 15988 (2013): Seismic The code and standard that is followed by the Handbook on Seismic
Evaluation and Retrofitting of Buildings, Central Power Works Department and Indian
Strengthening of Building Congress in association with IIT Madras that is used by the
Existing Reinforced designers. A simplified analysis for the flexural strength of a retrofitted
Concrete column can be done by the method in this handbook as well as the design for
concrete jacketing.
4. ASCE/SEI 41-17 Seismic evaluation and retrofit of existing buildings shall comply with
Seismic Evaluation and requirements of this standard for conducting the seismic evaluation or retrofit
Retrofit of Existing to demonstrate compliance with, or achievement of the selected Performance
Buildings Objective. This standard does not preclude a building from being evaluated
or retrofitted by other procedures based on rational methods of analysis in

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accordance with principles of mechanics and approval by the Authority
Having Jurisdiction