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CSWIP 3.0 / 3.1 / 3.2

CSWIP 3.1: Question with Answer and

Explanation – Part 12
Date: October 26, 2017 Author: Thanh ( QC ) Nguyen Le 1 Comment
1) Cast and Helix are terms that refer to:

a. Ingredients in the flux covering

b. Bead deposition techniques for distortion control
c. ( answer ) Quality of the welding wires
d. Sources from which wires are drawn
2) A MMA electrode which is classified as an E7024 (according to AWS) is a:

a. Basic type
b. Cellulosic type
c. Rutile type
d. ( answer ) Thick coated iron powder
We use “Exclusion principle”

3) An electrode is classified to BS EN ISO 2560 as E 35 3 B. What does 35 signify?

a. ( answer ) 350 N/mm2 yield strength

b. 35 Joules -30oC
c. 35 N/mm2 tensile strength
d. 35ksi tensile strength
Pls take note:

With BS EN ISO 2560: it is classified follow yield strength

With AWS A5.1 & A5.5: it is classified follow TENSILE STRENGTH

4) A large diameter pipe with a wall thickness of 10mm is to be used for a cross-
country pipeline. Which electrode type could be used to combine high welding
speed and deep penetration?

a. Basic covered
b. ( answer ) Cellulosic covered
c. Rutile covered
d. Iron powder loaded
Cellulosic Electrode compositions are only available for welding low carbon non-
alloyed steels although nickel additions may be made to improve notch toughness.
Charpy-V values of around 27J at -20°C are possible in the unalloyed electrodes. The
high hydrogen level means that any steel welded with these electrodes should be
selected to have a very high resistance to hydrogen induced, cold cracking. They
should not be used without giving due consideration to the steel composition,
restraint and the need for preheat. The characteristics of deep penetration, high
deposition rates and the ability to be used vertically down means that the main use
for these electrodes is for cross country pipelining although they are used to a more
limited extent for welding storage tanks.

Cellulosic electrodes  contain a high proportion of cellulose in the coating and are
characterised by a deeply penetrating arc and a rapid burn-off rate giving high
welding speeds. Weld deposit can be coarse and with fluid slag, deslagging can be
difficult. These electrodes are easy to use in any position and are noted for their use
in the ‘stovepipe’ welding technique.

5) Which of the following electrode types would produce the highest levels of
hydrogen?

a. Basic electrode when baked correctly

b. ( answer ) Cellulosic in a sealed tin
c. Rutile
d. Heavy rutile
 Cellulosic electrodes: hydrogen content is 80-90 ml/100 g of weld metal.
Rutile electrodes: hydrogen content is 25-30 ml/100 g of weld metal.
Basic covering: have the lowest level of hydrogen (less than 5 ml/100 g of weld
metal).

6) Which of the following electrode types would produces the lowest levels of
hydrogen?

Cellulose coated electrodes sealed in a tin

a.
immediately after manyfature
Basic coated electrodes when baked correctly
b.  (answer )
immediately prior to use
Rutile coated electrodes when dried at 150oC prior to
c.
use
Heavy rutile coated electrodes when dried at 150oC
d.
for 2 hours prior to use
Cellulosic electrodes: hydrogen content is 80-90 ml/100 g of weld metal.
Rutile electrodes: hydrogen content is 25-30 ml/100 g of weld metal.
Basic covering: have the lowest level of hydrogen (less than 5 ml/100 g of weld
metal).

7) Basic electrodes are often sold vacuum packed. The reason is:

They have been packed at the manufactures at a

a.  (answer ) hydrogen level less than 5ml per 100g of weld metal
deposited
They are mass produced which makes these
b.
electrodes cheap
They require less baking time after removal from the
c.
packet
They are formulated that once open they will pick up
d.
no more moisture
8) A general terms which of the following would required the highest preheat if all
other factors were the same as per ISO BS EN 1011?

a. ( answer ) MMA weld with cellulosic electrodes

b. MMA weld with rutile electrodes
c. MMA weld with basic electrodes
d. MAG weld with solid wire
Cellulosic electrodes: hydrogen content is 80-90 ml/100 g of weld metal.
Rutile electrodes: hydrogen content is 25-30 ml/100 g of weld metal.
Basic covering: have the lowest level of hydrogen (less than 5 ml/100 g of weld
metal).

Cellulosic electrodes have highest Hydrogen content and easy lead to Cold crack. So,
it to be required the highest preheat to avoid this cracking type.

Preheat: Preheat, which slows the cooling rate, allows some hydrogen to diffuse
away, and generally reduces the hardness, and therefore susceptibility to cracking, of
hard, crack-sensitive microstructural regions. The recommended levels of preheat for
carbon and carbon manganese steel are detailed in EN 1011-2: 2001 (which
incorporates nomograms derived from those in BS 5135: 1984). The preheat level may
be as high as 200°C for example, when welding thick section steels with a high
carbon equivalent (IIW CE) value.

Alloyed weld metal where preheat levels to avoid HAZ cracking may be insufficient
to protect the weld metal. Low hydrogen processes and consumables should be used.
Schemes for predicting the preheat requirements to avoid weld metal cracking
generally require the weld metal diffusible hydrogen level and the weld metal tensile
strength as input.

9) When welding medium carbon steel plates over 90mm in thickness would the
basic electrode require any pre-treatment before use?
 a.  (answer ) None if they were in a vacuum pack
b. None if they were used in a factory
c. Heat to 500oC for 2 hours if used outside
d. Baked at 150oC for 4 hours prior to use

10) When welding medium carbon steel plates over 100mm in thickness would
basic electrodes require any pre-treatment before use?

None if they were in a vacuum pack opened 8 hours

a.
prior to use
None if they were in a sealed vacuum pack prior to
b.  ( answer )
use
c. Heat to 500oC for 2 hours if used outside
d. Baked at 150oC for 4 hours prior to use
 Pls see next part:

Published by Thanh ( QC ) Nguyen Le

-QA/QC in offshore / ship building / welding field -Worked at Triyards -Worked at

Hyundai Vinashin View all posts by Thanh ( QC ) Nguyen Le

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Explanation – Part 12”

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