very sentence communicates a mood.

If someone is ordering you to do something, he or she is

using an imperative sentence. Find out how to identify and use indicative, imperative, interrogative,
conditional and subjunctive moods in this lesson.

Verb Moods
In the English language, we have different verb tenses to demonstrate time, and we have verb
moods that indicate a state of being or reality. These moods are: indicative, imperative, interrogative,
conditional and subjunctive.

Indicative
Indicative indicates a state of factuality or states something that is happening in reality. Most
sentences in English are written in the indicative mood. For example, the sentence - The dog jumps
into the car - simply states what is really happening in the present moment.
The indicative mood can also be used in sentences that include words like 'might' or 'may' because it
indicates something that is a real possibility:
That house might collapse if they don't make the necessary repairs.
The fact that the house could actually fall down if it isn't fixed is indicative of reality, so we would say
this sentence is written in the indicative mood.

Imperative
Imperative is a command. A way of remembering this is to think of your parents saying, 'It is
imperative that you do your chores.' This is not a suggestion, a statement about what is going on, or
a question. It is a direct command, telling you what to do.
Most people know someone who is pretty bossy and demanding. He or she might say imperative
sentences all the time, like:
Sit over here.
Give me that cookie.
Notice how in both examples, the word 'you,' which is the subject, is not stated. It is only implied.
This is often the case with imperative sentences.
Sometimes imperative sentences can be more like a desperate plea to do something, such as the
sentence:
Help me!
It is still giving a command, but it is meant as an earnest request, not a bossy demand.

Interrogative
Interrogative asks a question. A great way to remember the term 'interrogative' is to think of an
interrogation room where a suspect is asked a series of questions.
The sentence - Will you please leave me alone? - is an example of an interrogative sentence
because it asks a question rather than demands it. If the sentence were revised to say - Leave me
alone. - that would be a command, or an imperative sentence. But by asking someone to leave you
alone, you are creating an interrogative sentence that is a request.

Conditional
Conditional depends on something else to happen under certain conditions. A way to remember
this is to think of the phrase 'If this, then that.' The conditional often uses words like might, could, and
would.
The baby might cry if you pick him up.
This sentence shows what could happen under the condition of picking up the baby, so it's an
example of the conditional mood.
Another example is:
He would look older with a beard.
This shows that the man looking older depends on whether or not he has a beard, so under that
specific condition, he would appear to have aged.

Subjunctive
Subjunctive is a wish or hypothetical and is contrary to reality. An easy way to recall the definition
for subjunctive is to think: What if? The subjunctive mood is uncertain and may never happen, unlike
the conditional mood. The subjunctive is rarely used compared to the other moods we've discussed,
but it's still important to be able to identify, use and understand.
To unlock this lesson you must be a Study.c

Advanced English Prepositions Quiz

How well do you know English prepositions? Take the preposition quiz to find out! Choose the correct
preposition to complete each sentence.

Advanced Prepositions Quiz

Question 1
I'd rather be single ________ in a bad relationship.

besides

instead

than

Question 2

Using your cell phone while driving is ___________ the law.

against

beyond

despite

Question 3

After payment, you'll receive the product __________ 10 business days.

during

inside

within

Question 4

I have no experience, so I'm _____ a disadvantage when it comes to this job interview.

at

in
C

with

Question 5

I read a great book ______ John Grisham.

by

of

via

Question 6

My grandparents lived in that same house _____ ages.

for

over

since

Question 7

He's Italian? For some reason I was _______ the impression that he was Spanish.

in

under

with

Question 8

Where's Roberta? She should have gotten here ______ now.

A
by

to

until

Question 9

We've put a lot of effort ______ this project.

inside

into

within

Question 10

__________ she's a little shy, she's a wonderful person once you get to know her.

although

besides

in spite of

Question 11

We drove ________ the coastline of California.

along

onto

through
Question 12

His consulting fee is $150 ______ hour.

by

for

per

Question 13

Everyone __________ Joanna agreed with me.

against

except

without

Question 14

You can take 6 people to the airport _________ you have a minivan.

since

though

until

Question 15

The scientist made an amazing discovery _____ accident.

by

B
on

through

Once you are finishe

Prepositions Test

Topics: Simple prepositions, prepositional phrases.

Test duration: 30 minutes.

Don't get stuck on an answer you don't know. Skip it, and go back to it later.

Good luck!

_______________________________
Select the best option from the choices given:

1. Artists have been painting pictures of animals ____________ centuries.

in

for

since

by

2. Some people long _______ the way things used to be years ago.

in

by

for

to

3. Science is the result ________ people trying to understand the world around them.

of

for

to

by

4. Will you be going _______ the group?

of

with

on

in
5. Every morning, I listen _____ the radio.

from

on

at

to

6. _______ 2000, I have been a college student.

On

Since

To

For

7. I have never been so insulted _______ a fellow student.

from

to

by

at

8. What were the directions ______________?

to the meeting

at the meeting

on the meeting

in the meeting
9. ___________________there is a small cabin to stay in.

At the ski resort

During the hiking trip

On our way to the park

All of the above will work

10. Thomas went ______________ the gift shop to get there.

through

around

behind

All of the above will work

11. My house is __________________ near the school.

at the corner

in the corner

from the corner

None of the above will work

12. Were you ____________________ the store with me?

coming from

leaving to

arriving from

None of the above will work

13. Billy found his dog _________________ the woods.

at

on

to

in

14. Sally and Jane have been _____________________ each other all day.

arguing with

arguing around

arguing through

arguing from

15. You are the only one______________________ your grades.

responsible to

responsible for

responsible behind

responsible at

16. Sarah, do you _____________ ghosts?

believe at

believe to

believe in

believe with

17. We will have to go _____________ the building to get there.

around

through

behind

All of the above could work

18. I went there _________ some peace and relaxation.

to

for

with

All of the above would work

19. I take Pilates classes ____________ my school.

on

at

with

None of the above would work

20. ____________________ we had to use candle light to see.

During the blackout

After the blackout

Before the blackout

None of the above would work

PREPOSITION

ENGLISH GRAMMAR

Definition of Preposition

Preposition can be defined as “A word governing, and usually preceding, a noun or pronoun and
expressing a relation to another word or element in the clause, as in ‘the man on the platform’, ‘she
arrived after dinner’, ‘what did you do it for ?”

What is Preposition

Preposition is one of the important parts of speech of English grammar. It is very essential while making
a sentence as it provide additional and necessary details. Prepositions in English are words giving
information to the readers such as where something takes place, when something takes place, why
something takes place, general descriptive information, etc. Prepositions work in groups of words (also
called prepositional phrases) and do not stand alone.

List of prepositions

Some preposition words are like about, till, out, above, against, below, beneath, beside, besides,
between, through, up, upon, within, during, except, for, from, in, off, on, onto, opposite, near, of,
behind, inside, into, outside, around, before, among, to, along, at, toward, under, underneath, across,
like, until, with, beyond, by, down, since, without, after, etc.

For example:

My class teacher laughed. (this is a correct sentence, however does not provide much detail about the
situation without a preposition word)

My class teacher laughed at the joke. (in this sentence, preposition word is used properly which gives us
much detail about the situation)

It is a box for (Preposition word 'for' is showing the relationship between box and rice)

I saw a cat under the table. (Preposition word 'under' is showing the relationship between cat and table)

Types of Preposition

There are various types of prepositions described below with proper definition and examples:

Simple Preposition

Compound Preposition

Phrase Preposition

Participle Preposition

Double Preposition

Other Preposition (preposition of place, preposition of time, preposition of direction)

Simple Preposition

Simple prepositions are used in the simple sentences. Some of the simple prepositions are in, on, at, to,
from, with, by, about, over, under, off, of, for, etc.

For example:

I am not going over the bridge.

She is waiting in the park.

Dad is going to the market.

Compound Preposition

Compound prepositions are used to join two nouns, pronouns or phrases. Some of the compound
prepositions are about, across, among, beside, before, above, along, inside, between, around, behind,
below, beneath, etc.

For example:

My city is located between two mountains.

I will finish the lunch before her.

I want to know about him.

Phrase Preposition

Prepositional phrases are groups of words having prepositions indicating relationships among various
elements in the sentence. Some of the phrase prepositions are according to, an account of, in spite of, in
front of, for the sake of, in order to, by means of, with reference to, in addition to, due to, etc.

For example:

I returned home due to condolence in the college.

According to me, there were three mango trees in the garden.

I work hard in order to maintain my position in the class.

Participle Preposition

A participle preposition is a participle (like an, ed, or ing verb) which acts as a preposition such as
assuming, considering, barring, given, concerning, notwithstanding, pending, during, regarding,
respected, provided, etc.
For example:

I get sick during summer season.

I would like to speech regarding healthy food.

My project work is still pending.

I think I can pass the exam easily considering my hard work.

Double Preposition

Double prepositions are words having two prepositions (joined together to make a whole new one) such
as into, onto, outside of, out of, within, from behind, because of, etc.

For example:

We need to solve three questions out of

We won the game just because of

I need to complete my project within four days.

Other Types of Prepositions

Following are other types of prepositions:

Preposition of Place

Prepositions of place are used to show the place where something is located such as at, in, on, while,
during, near, over, under, between, behind, etc.

For example:

Dog is on the floor.

My home is near to the office.

My home is behind the metro station.

Mom is in the room.

Preposition of Time:

Prepositions of time are used to indicate time of an action or time relationship between nouns in the
sentence. Such as at, to, in, etc.

For example:

I go to school daily at nine o’clock.

My result gets declared in March.

Preposition of Direction

Prepositions of direction are used to indicate direction of someone or something in the sentence such as
over, under, to, on, into, in, onto, right, left, etc.

For example:

It's time to go to

The train is going into the tunnel.

We are going over the bridge.