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Health Care And Hospitality Management

Unit-1

1.1 Health administration in India

Health administration, healthcare administration, healthcare
management or hospital management is the field relating to
leadership, management, and administration of public
health systems, health care systems, hospitals,and hospital
networks in all the primary, secondary, and tertiary sectors.
The Constitution of India makes health in India the responsibility of
state governments, rather than the central federal government. It
makes every state responsible for "raising the level of nutrition and
the standard of living of its people and the improvement of public
health as among its society.

The National Health Policy was endorsed by the Parliament of India in 1983 and
updated in 2002, and then again updated in 2017. The recent four main updates
in 2017 mentions the need to focus on the growing burden of non-communicable
diseases, on the emergence of the robust healthcare industry, on growing
incidences of unsustainable expenditure due to health care costs and on rising
economic growth enabling enhanced fiscal capacity.[3] In practice however, the
private healthcare sector is responsible for the majority of healthcare in India, and
most healthcare expenses are paid directly out of pocket by patients and their
families, rather than through health insurance.[4] Government health policy has
thus far largely encouraged private sector expansion in conjunction with well-
designed but limited public health programmes.

Made By : Atif A. Shaikh

(5)A government funded health insurance project was launched in 2018 by the
Government of India, called Ayushman Bharat.

1.2 Health Care delivery system

India is a union of 28 states and 7 union territories. States are largely
independent in matters relating to the delivery of health care to the
people. Each state has developed its own system of health care delivery,
independent of the Central Government.

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1.3 Definition of Health Policy
Health policy refers to decisions, plans, and actions that are undertaken to
achieve specific health care goals within a society. An explicit health policy
can achieve several things: it defines a vision for the future which in turn
helps to establish targets and points of reference for the short and medium
term. It outlines priorities and the expected roles of different groups; and it
builds consensus and informs people.

There are many categories of health policies, including global health policy,
public health policy, mental health policy, health care services
policy, insurance policy, personal healthcare policy, pharmaceutical policy,
and policies related to public health such as vaccination policy, tobacco
control policy or breastfeeding promotion policy. They may cover topics of
financing and delivery of healthcare, access to care, quality of care,
and health equity.

1.4 National Health Policy

The Government has formulated and brought out National Health Policy,
2017, which aims at attainment of the highest possible level of good health
and well-being, through a preventive and promotive health care orientation
in all developmental policies, and universal access to good quality health care
services without anyone having to face financial hardship as a consequence.

The National Health Policy,2017 states following targets for reduction in incidence
and prevalence of certain disease conditions:

o HIV/AIDS: Achieve global target of 2020 (also termed as target of

90:90:90)
o Eliminate Leprosy by 2018, Kala-Azar by 2017 and Lymphatic Filariasis
in endemic pockets by 2017
o Eliminate Tuberculosis by 2025: Achieving and maintaining a cure rate
of >85% in new sputum positive patients and reduce incidence of new
cases.
o Reduce prevalence of blindness to 0.25/ 1000 by 2025 and disease
burden by onethird from current levels.

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o Reduce premature mortality from cardiovascular diseases, cancer,
diabetes and chronic respiratory diseases by 25% by 2025.

Made By : Atif A. Shaikh