Portable Water well Drilling Rig

The University of Mindanao

College of Engineering Education

Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering

Machine Design 1

Submitted by:

Evan Christian Ramo

Rommel John Pedrajas

Joseph Ryan Enderes

Submitted to:
 Engr. Delan Bacus

Introduction

Water (oxidane) is one of essential requirements for life. All living things need

water for a variety of purposes, including drinking, food preparation, irrigation

and manufacturing. Although waters cover more than 70% of the earth surface,

1.7% of water occur as ground water. (Gleik, P.H,ed 1993). A portable water

well drilling rig used for water well drilling for home life drinking, small farm

irrigation, or some small special bore hole drilling project. Normally, it is better

used to finish a 40m depth water well in area underground formation is not

very hard. This proposal can reach to 40m depth if all soil, sand and clay.

Anyway, it is possible to drill 50-110m depth, but should there is no rocks at

all, and diameter within 100mm diameter. (Sente Drilling Machinery Co.Ltd) It

uses 220V-260V directly, with a power of 3 kw, no need to come with heavy

engine if you can find access to home use electricity. and in area there is no

power, just use an 8kw gasoline generator to provide power for it. (Sente

Drilling Machinery Co.Ltd) the drilling motor comes from some rock drilling

machine which is used to drill iron, so it is very powerful and steady.

This portable water well drilling rig can learn how to operate in 5 minutes, it

works like a motor bike, forward, reverse, speed up all by the handles.it can be
used for some horizontal drilling to help you go across road or some similar

project. (Khun,O. 2004)

The factors effecting drill bit selection include the type of geology and the

capabilities of the rig. Due to the high number of wells that have been drilled,

information from an adjacent well is most often used to make the appropriate

selection. There are two types of drill bits exist which are the fixed cutter and

roller cone.

Objectives

This design aims to achieve the following objectives:

● To design a portable water well drilling rig;

● To determine the maximum diameter of the shaft;

Conceptual Framework

This section shows the conceptual framework of the development of the

drilling rig. The process is to dig or drill a hole. The operator will check

periodically to find out if the aquifer has been reached. The process is shown

below at Fig. 1.

​ Input Process Output

Figure 1: Conceptual Framework Diagram

Methodology
Research Design

In designing the portable water well drilling rig, there should be a data needed

to design the machine. The computations are included to know what are the

parameters to determine the efficiency and quality of the machine.

Process Design

In accordance to the objectives stated above, it should undergo into the process

of calculations, and tabulation of conditions to be examined. In designing the

machine, determining the drilling power is needed first, in order to pick the

correct motor to the machine. The formula, P = A×S×D×2πN is used, where

A is the area of the drilling bit, S is the axial compressive strength of the soil, D

is the drilling depth per given output rpm, and the N is the output rpm of the

machine. The formula, P = 2πT N , to determine the torque of the machine. the

formula, S=F/A, where the area, A = πd2 /4 , is used to determine the shear

stress needed to the machine. The pull down force, and the maximum drilling

diameter is given (refer to the tables 2 and 3). In determining the shaft

diameter, the formula S = 16T /πD3 , where the D is the shaft diameter.

Specifications:

Max. Depth: 40m

Max. Diameter: 65-110mm
Power: 3kW
Drill bits: Alloy bit & PDC rock bit
Package: PLY Wooden Case
Packing volume: 0.4cbm
G.W:155kg
Soil type Compressive Strength

A 144Kpa-Above
B 48Kpa- 144Kpa
C 48Kpa-Less

Table3: Compressive Strength of Soil (REPORT BSS-121(2009))

Design calculations:
For Drilling Power:

P = A×S×D×2πN

*Area of bit: A = π/4(Do − Di)ˆ2

A = π/4(0.2032 − 0.0374)ˆ

A = 0.03133mˆ2

*Compressive Strength of soil = 48 KPa (Table 3, type c soil)

*Drilling Depth = 1.3m (every 10rpm)

*Rotational Speed(output) = 10 rpm

P = A×S×D×2πN

P = 0.03133m2 × 48Kpa × 1.3m×2π(10rpm)(1min/60sec)

P = 2 047.263 W (use 2 kw motor)

Solving For Torque:

 P = 2πN T

T = P/ 2π N = 2KW/ 2π ((205 rpm)(1min/60s))

T = 0.093163869 KN.m

Solving For Shearing Stress:

*Pull Down Force = 4400 kg

*Max Drilling Diameter = 110 mm

S = F/A

S = 4,400kg(9.81m/s^2)N/ π/4 (0.110m)^2

S = 4,541.703 kPa

Solving For Shaft Diameter:

S = 16T/ π D^3
3
D = √16T /πS

3
D= √16(0.0932 KN .m)/π(4, 541.703 kP a)
D = 0.047 m

● The table shows the complete design information in the previous initial
data, design analysis, and computations, and the figure shows the
structural design for the machine.
 Figure 2: Portable Water Well Drilling Rig

Figure 3: Drill Bit(helical)

● Motor:

Power: 3kW, 205rpm

Table 3: Complete Data of the Design

Shaft Water Well Drilling Rig

Length=1.3m(per rod) Maximum Drilling Diameter=110mm
Torque=0.0931Kn.m Maximum Drilling Depth=40m
Diameter=47mm Maximum Pull Down Force=4,400kg
Shear Stress=4,541.703kPa

Conclusion

We conclude that in order to satisfy the maximum drilling depth of 40

m of soil (type c of soil) in figure 3, we use helical type of drill bit and also to

satisfy the shaft diameter needed.

References:

https://www.environmental-expert.com/products/model-akl-40-handheld-small
-water-well-drilling-rig-597125

http://www.solinst.com/products/data/429.pdf

http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/11707/OR10048.pdf

https://www.watersam.com/en/sampling-systems/

https://m.wikihow.com/Drill-a-Well

Hamrock, B.J., et al, (1999) Fundamentals of Machine Elements, MacGraw

Hill Book Company, New York, Pp 841-845